CN111794718A - Combined pipeline and method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation - Google Patents
Combined pipeline and method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined pipeline and a method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation, wherein the combined pipeline comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, and the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner; the invention provides a simulation device which is large in size, low in cost and good in experimental effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a combined pipeline and a method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is an ice-like and non-stoichiometric clathrate crystal compound formed by hydrocarbon gases such as water, methane and the like under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature, and has the characteristics of high density, high calorific value, wide distribution, large reserve and the like. The natural gas hydrate is expected to be one of the successions of energy sources of shale gas, dense gas, coal bed gas, oil sand and the like in the 21 st century, and is mainly distributed in land permafrost zones and 300-3000m water depth sea areas of coastal continental shelves, wherein about 90 percent of the natural gas hydrate is stored in the deep sea areas. The total reserves of natural gas hydrates worldwide are about twice the sum of the carbon contents of all fossil fuels which have been currently proven, and the reserves of natural gas hydrates in the sea area of the south China sea are 649700 billions of cubic meters.
The experimental simulation research of the natural gas hydrate exploitation process plays an important role in evaluating the existing exploitation technology, developing a new exploitation technology and formulating a reasonable exploitation scheme. The experimental simulation can provide parameters and basic data for numerical simulation besides directly guiding the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate. However, the existing experimental simulation research technology cannot realize the similar simulation of the natural gas hydrate actual production process, and meanwhile, the simulation scale is generally small, the equipment cost is high, the operation safety is low, the space effect required by the experiment cannot be obtained, and the change rule of the flow field and the temperature and pressure field in the production process cannot be investigated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the problems, the invention provides a combined pipeline for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation, and provides a similarity simulation pipeline with large size, low cost and good experimental effect. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of making a composite pipeline that extends a natural gas hydrate production simulation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention discloses a combined pipeline for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation, which comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, wherein the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner;
wherein, the reation kettle of a preceding one-level among a plurality of reation kettle and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels communicate each other, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
Preferably, the reaction kettle of a previous stage and the reaction kettle of two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other.
Preferably, a reaction cavity is arranged in each reaction kettle, and a reaction cavity is formed in each reaction cavity.
Preferably, the reaction cavity of the reaction cavity is in a strip shape.
Preferably, the material of the reaction cavity is polyethylene terephthalate.
Preferably, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the former-stage reaction kettle and the two latter-stage reaction kettles;
the connecting kettle is characterized in that a cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises three communicating ports which are respectively communicated with the front-stage reaction kettle and the two rear-stage reaction kettles, and the three communicating ports are further communicated with the cavity.
Preferably, when the reaction kettle group is a plurality of reaction kettle groups, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the plurality of reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of other reaction kettle groups.
Preferably, the combined pipeline comprises two identical reaction kettle groups;
the last reaction kettles of the two reaction kettle groups are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the combined pipeline, which comprises the following steps:
determining the size of a required fan-shaped simulation space;
cutting the fan-shaped simulation space into a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy;
a plurality of reation kettles are set up according to a plurality of bar analog space that the cutting obtained, wherein, a plurality of reation kettle set up in grades, and intercommunication each other between the reation kettle of a preceding one-level and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels in a plurality of reation kettles, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
Preferably, a plurality of reation kettles are arranged according to a plurality of bar-shaped simulation spaces that the cutting obtained, wherein, a plurality of reation kettles set up in grades, and the reation kettle of a preceding one-level and the reation kettle of at least two following levels in a plurality of reation kettles communicate each other, every reation kettle of following level only with a preceding one-level reation kettle intercommunication specifically include:
arranging a plurality of reaction cavities according to a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction cavities are arranged in a grading manner, a reaction cavity of a previous stage in the reaction cavities is communicated with at least two reaction cavities of a next stage, and each reaction cavity of the next stage is only communicated with one reaction cavity of the previous stage;
forming a plurality of reaction cavities corresponding to each reaction cavity respectively;
forming a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction cavity;
and a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage is formed and connected to form a reaction kettle group.
The invention adopts a plurality of reaction kettles to form a fan-shaped distributed reaction kettle group, the reaction kettles are arranged in a multi-stage manner, and each reaction kettle of the previous stage is communicated with at least two reaction kettles of the next stage. The plurality of reaction kettles are communicated in a multistage mode, so that the reaction kettle groups are integrally formed into a fan-shaped simulation area, and the exploitation process of the reduced natural gas hydrate vertical well can be simulated. By increasing or decreasing the number of stages of the reaction kettle, fan-shaped simulation areas with different sizes can be obtained, and the simulation size can be from several meters to tens of meters, even infinite extension. The fan-shaped simulation area is formed by a plurality of reaction kettles, the manufacturing cost of a single reaction kettle is low, the cost for forming the fan-shaped simulation area can be reduced by the simulation pipeline, the reaction kettles can be operated conveniently and safely, and the operation flexibility and the safety of the fan-shaped simulation space can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate production simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the division of a sector simulation space in an embodiment of a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate exploration simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a strip-shaped simulation space obtained by dividing a sector simulation space in one embodiment of a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate exploration simulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of an application of one embodiment of a composite pipeline of the present invention to extend a natural gas hydrate production simulation;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a method of fabricating a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate production simulation of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a second flow chart of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate production simulation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The existing simulation research of natural gas hydrate exploitation generally constructs a fan-shaped cavity in a unit pipeline as a simulation space of experimental research to perform simulation. However, the sector cavity simulation space provided by the existing unit pipeline is limited, the size is small, and the operation flexibility is low.
In this regard, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the present embodiment discloses a composite pipeline that extends a natural gas hydrate production simulation alike. The combined pipeline comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, wherein the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner.
Wherein, the reation kettle of a preceding one-level among a plurality of reation kettle and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels communicate each other, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
Specifically, the tail end of a first-stage reaction kettle in a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner is communicated with the head ends of at least two second-stage reaction kettles, the tail end of each second-stage reaction kettle is communicated with the head ends of at least two third-stage reaction kettles, the arrangement of the reaction kettles at all stages is similar, and the arrangement stage number of the reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be determined according to the size of a fan-shaped simulation space required to be formed.
The invention adopts a plurality of reaction kettles to form a fan-shaped distributed reaction kettle group, the reaction kettles are arranged in a multi-stage manner, and each reaction kettle of the previous stage is communicated with at least two reaction kettles of the next stage. The plurality of reaction kettles are communicated in a multistage mode, so that the reaction kettle groups are integrally formed into a fan-shaped simulation area, and the exploitation process of the reduced natural gas hydrate vertical well can be simulated. By increasing or decreasing the number of stages of the reaction kettle, fan-shaped simulation areas with different sizes can be obtained, and the simulation size can be from several meters to tens of meters, even infinite extension. The fan-shaped simulation area is formed by a plurality of reaction kettles, the manufacturing cost of a single reaction kettle is low, the cost for forming the fan-shaped simulation area can be reduced by the simulation pipeline, the reaction kettles can be operated conveniently and safely, and the operation flexibility and safety of simulation can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, a reaction cavity is arranged in each reaction kettle. A reaction cavity is formed in the reaction cavity, the reaction cavities in the reaction kettles are communicated in a multi-stage mode, and a simulation space formed by the reaction cavities of the reaction kettle group extends in a plurality of branches along the fan-shaped expansion direction, so that the purpose of constructing the simulation of the large-scale cavity which is integrally fan-shaped in the transverse direction is achieved, wherein the expansion direction is fan-shaped in the transverse direction.
Preferably, the shape of the reaction cavity can be set, so that the reaction cavity is tightly attached to the reaction kettle when being arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction cavity can be a cavity with a specific shape, so that an experimental space with a specific shape is formed in the reaction kettle. More preferably, the reaction chamber may be provided in a bar shape.
The multistage reaction chambers can be communicated to form a large-size fan-shaped reaction space, the large-size fan-shaped simulation space conforms to the field exploitation working condition and the boundary condition established by the model in the numerical simulation research, early-stage experimental exploration and technical reserve can be made for subsequent trial exploitation and commercial exploitation, and meanwhile, reference basic correction data can be provided for the current mainstream numerical simulation exploitation.
The reaction cavity is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance. Therefore, the reaction cavity does not need to bear high pressure, and the reaction cavity with a specific shape is constructed in the reaction kettle only as a filler. Preferably, the reaction chamber is made of a light corrosion-resistant material such as a high molecular polymer, for example, in this embodiment, the material of the reaction chamber is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the reaction chamber and the material of the reaction chamber may also be flexibly configured according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the reaction vessel of a previous stage and the reaction vessels of two subsequent stages among the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first stage comprises a reaction vessel (1-A), the end of the reaction vessel of the first stage is communicated with the head ends of two reaction vessels (2-A and 2-B) of the second stage, the head ends of the two reaction vessels of the second stage are also communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage are respectively communicated with the reaction vessels 2-A, 3A-A and 3A-B, the two reaction vessels of the second stage are respectively communicated with the reaction vessels 2-B, 3B-A and 3B-B, and the reaction vessels 3A-A, 3A-B, 3B-A and 3B-B are reaction vessels of the third stage. The arrangement of the reaction kettles at the subsequent stages is the same, and the description is omitted.
When a similar simulation experiment is performed, especially when a large-scale fan-shaped simulation space is required, the fan-shaped simulation space to be formed can be divided into a plurality of small-scale bar-shaped simulation spaces in advance according to a dichotomy, as shown in fig. 2. Then, a reaction cavity body with multistage arrangement is formed according to the strip-shaped simulation space, a reaction cavity corresponding to the strip-shaped simulation space is formed in the reaction cavity, as shown in fig. 3, a reaction kettle corresponding to each reaction cavity is formed, a plurality of reaction kettles are sequentially connected to form a reaction kettle group, and the whole reaction kettle group is in a fan shape.
In a preferred embodiment, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the former-stage reaction kettle and the at least two latter-stage reaction kettles. A cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communicating ports which are respectively communicated with the front-stage reaction kettle and the at least two rear-stage reaction kettles, and the communicating ports are further communicated with the cavity. This connect cauldron can regard as the tie point of preceding one-level reation kettle and back one-level reation kettle, is formed with the cavity in the connect cauldron, connect the cauldron include a plurality ofly with the intercommunication mouth of cavity intercommunication, a plurality of intercommunication mouths further can be connected respectively with two at least reation kettles of preceding one-level and back one-level to realize preceding one-level reation kettle and back one-level reation kettle's intercommunication. For example, in the present example, as shown in FIG. 1, reaction tank 1-A and reaction tanks 2-A and 2-B are communicated with each other through connecting tank 2, and connecting tank 2 includes three communicating ports connected to the three reaction tanks 1-A, 2-A and 2-B, respectively. Similarly, the reaction kettle 2-A and the reaction kettles 3A-A and 3A-B are communicated with each other through the connecting kettle 3A, and the reaction kettles 2-B and the reaction kettles 3B-A and the reaction kettles 3B-B are communicated with each other through the connecting kettle 3B. Preferably, the communicating port of the connecting kettle is communicated and sealed with the reaction kettle through a flange 6.
Preferably, need set up to have certain angle between the three intercommunication mouth of connecting the cauldron, this angle size can be set for according to reation kettle internal diameter and length size, and the internal diameter that reation kettle selected is big more, length is longer, and then the angle between three intercommunication mouth each other needs corresponding setting to be big a little to be connected respectively with last one-level reation kettle and a plurality of next stage reation kettle.
Preferably, the height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle. The height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle, namely the height of the cavity in the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction cavity formed by the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle, so that the consistency of the thickness of the fan-shaped simulation space formed by the reaction kettle group is ensured.
Preferably, the shape of the reaction kettle and the connecting kettle can be cylindrical, the cylindrical reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance, and the direction of the cylindrical reaction kettle is arranged along the direction of the fan-shaped expansion so as to provide a large-size fan-shaped simulation space. More preferably, the plurality of reaction vessels in the reaction vessel group may be different in size and shape. In practical applications, the sizes and shapes of the plurality of reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited by the invention.
In an alternative embodiment, when the reaction kettle group is a plurality of reaction kettle groups, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the plurality of reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of other reaction kettle groups. Two or more reaction kettle groups are communicated in a butt joint mode at the wide end (the last-stage reaction kettle) or the narrow end (the first-stage reaction kettle) of the fan-shaped cavity simulation space, so that a kettle group system with a more complex and diversified simulation space is formed and applied to simulating and exploring multi-well combined mining working conditions. For example, when the twin-well thermal shock-depressurization combined mining is carried out, the open ends of the fan-shaped simulation spaces of the two branch-shaped reaction kettle groups, namely the reaction kettles at the last stage of the two reaction kettle groups, are required to be communicated in a one-to-one butt joint manner to form the reaction kettle group of which the simulation space is a rhombic cavity.
The embodiment also discloses a natural gas hydrate exploitation simulation system comprising the combined pipeline. This analog simulation system includes like this embodiment the combined pipeline, for every air inlet unit, exhaust apparatus, monitoring devices, data acquisition device, inlet means and drain that reation kettle set up, wherein, be equipped with the exploitation well on the combined pipeline. Preferably, the extraction well is arranged on the reaction kettle of the first stage, for example, in the embodiment, an extraction well 5 communicated with the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle 1-A is arranged at one end of each stage of reaction kettle after the reaction kettle 1-A is far away from the reaction kettle.
Wherein, air inlet unit, exhaust apparatus, monitoring devices, data acquisition device, inlet means and drain set up alone to each reation kettle, can monitor the parameter variation condition in every reation kettle.
The gas inlet device can be used for inputting high-pressure natural gas into the reaction kettle. The exhaust device can exhaust the residual gas after the experiment is finished. The data acquisition device can acquire various parameters in the reaction kettle. The monitoring device can control the data acquisition device to acquire parameters so as to monitor the change condition of the parameters in the reaction kettle. The liquid inlet device can input liquid into the reaction kettle so as to be convenient for cleaning. The liquid discharge device can discharge liquid such as waste liquid in the reaction kettle.
The embodiment also discloses an application method of the combined pipeline for expanding the natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation in a system for carrying out a similarity simulation experiment. As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the method includes:
s100: and reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle group to a preset temperature by a refrigerator. The water circulation refrigerator may be set to the preset temperature in advance.
S200: the aqueous seafloor sediment is loaded into each reactor of the reactor fleet. Wherein the water content of the water-containing seafloor sediment must be known. Specifically, the water-containing seabed sediment can be filled into the reaction cavities, then all the reaction cavities are filled into the reaction kettle, compaction treatment is carried out, and then the reaction kettle group is sealed. For example, the reaction vessel and the connecting vessel may be connected and sealed by the flange 6, and the first stage reaction vessel and the last stage reaction vessel may be sealed by the flange 6 to form a sealed similar simulation space.
S300: high-pressure natural gas is input into each reaction kettle through a gas inlet device to form hydrates, and parameter changes in each reaction kettle are monitored through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device. High-pressure natural gas can be input into each reaction kettle through the gas inlet system.
S400: and when the parameters are stable, closing the air inlet device. And when all the parameters are kept stable, namely the fluctuation range of all the parameters is in a preset range, indicating that the generation of the hydrate in the reaction kettle is finished, and closing the gas inlet device. Specifically, the parameters may include temperature, pressure, sound wave, and resistance in the reaction kettle. The data acquisition device and the monitoring device of each reaction kettle monitor the change of each parameter of the hydrate in each reaction kettle, so that the decomposition condition of the hydrate in different reaction kettles and the influenced condition of the hydrate perpendicular to the fan-shaped expansion direction can be determined.
S500: and mining the hydrate, and acquiring parameter data of each reaction kettle in the mining process through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device. The fluctuation condition of each parameter in the parameter data can be analyzed to obtain the sweep range of the hydrate exploitation process, the hydrate decomposition condition and the gas-liquid migration condition.
S600: and after the hydrate is completely extracted, closing the refrigerating machine and cleaning the reaction kettle group. The hydrate production process can be monitored by the hydrate monitoring device, and when the hydrate is not produced basically, the hydrate production is finished. The refrigerator can be closed to heat the reaction kettle group so as to clean the reaction kettle group. Specifically, the residual gas in the reaction kettle can be completely discharged through the exhaust device, and then the liquid in the kettle is discharged through the liquid discharge device. The reaction kettle can be further opened, the reaction cavity is discharged, the seabed sediments are cleaned, and the reaction kettle, the kettle body connected with the reaction kettle and the reaction cavity are cleaned.
Based on the same principle, according to another aspect of the present invention, this embodiment further discloses a method for manufacturing the combined pipe as disclosed in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the manufacturing method includes:
s010: the size of the required sector simulation space is determined. For example, the dimensions of the radius, thickness and angle of the sector simulation space are determined.
S020: and cutting the fan-shaped simulation space into a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy. For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, 7 bar-shaped simulation spaces are formed by cutting the fan-shaped model space according to a dichotomy. Each strip-shaped simulation space is the size and the shape of a reaction cavity which needs to be formed by each stage of reaction kettle.
S030: a plurality of reation kettles are set up according to a plurality of bar analog space that the cutting obtained, wherein, a plurality of reation kettle set up in grades, and intercommunication each other between the reation kettle of a preceding one-level and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels in a plurality of reation kettles, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the S030 further includes:
s031: a plurality of reaction chambers are arranged according to a plurality of bar-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction chambers are arranged in a grading manner, the reaction chamber of a previous stage and the reaction chambers of at least two subsequent stages in the reaction chambers are communicated with each other, and each reaction chamber of the subsequent stage is only communicated with one reaction chamber of the previous stage, as shown in fig. 3. Wherein the reaction chamber is preferably in the shape of a strip.
S032: a plurality of reaction cavities corresponding to each reaction cavity are formed. A reaction cavity is formed in the reaction cavity, the reaction cavities in the reaction kettles are communicated in a multi-stage mode, and a simulation space formed by the reaction cavities of the reaction kettle group extends in a plurality of branches along the fan-shaped expansion direction, so that the purpose of constructing the simulation of the large-scale cavity which is integrally fan-shaped in the transverse direction is achieved, wherein the expansion direction is fan-shaped in the transverse direction.
When a similar simulation experiment is carried out, particularly when a large-scale fan-shaped simulation space is needed, the fan-shaped simulation space to be formed can be divided into a plurality of small-scale reaction cavities in advance according to a bisection method, and then a reaction kettle corresponding to each reaction cavity is formed. And then a plurality of reaction kettles are connected in sequence to form a reaction kettle group, so that the whole reaction kettle group is in a fan shape. And the reaction chambers are further arranged in the reaction kettles in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form a fan-shaped simulation space.
S033: a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction cavity are formed. The shape of reaction cavity and reation kettle can be set up, make reaction cavity closely laminate with reation kettle when setting up in reation kettle, the reaction cavity can be for having the cavity of specific shape to make the experimental space who forms in the reation kettle and have specific shape. For example, the reaction chamber is in the form of a strip.
The reaction cavity is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance. Therefore, the reaction cavity does not need to bear high pressure, and the reaction cavity with a specific shape is constructed in the reaction kettle only as a filler. Preferably, the reaction chamber is made of a light corrosion-resistant material such as a high molecular polymer, for example, in this embodiment, the material of the reaction chamber is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the reaction chamber and the material of the reaction chamber may also be flexibly configured according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
The reaction kettles are arranged in a multistage manner. For example, in this embodiment, the reaction vessel of a previous stage and the reaction vessels of two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first stage comprises a reaction vessel (1-A), the end of the reaction vessel of the first stage is communicated with the head ends of two reaction vessels (2-A and 2-B) of the second stage, the head ends of the two reaction vessels of the second stage are also communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage are respectively communicated with the reaction vessels 2-A, 3A-A and 3A-B, the two reaction vessels of the second stage are respectively communicated with the reaction vessels 2-B, 3B-A and 3B-B, and the reaction vessels 3A-A, 3A-B, 3B-A and 3B-B are reaction vessels of the third stage. The arrangement of the reaction kettles at the subsequent stages is the same, and the description is omitted.
S034: and a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage is formed and connected to form a reaction kettle group. In a preferred embodiment, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the former-stage reaction kettle and the at least two latter-stage reaction kettles. A cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communicating ports which are respectively communicated with the front-stage reaction kettle and the at least two rear-stage reaction kettles, and the communicating ports are further communicated with the cavity. This connect cauldron can regard as the tie point of preceding one-level reation kettle and back one-level reation kettle, is formed with the cavity in the connect cauldron, connect the cauldron include a plurality ofly with the intercommunication mouth of cavity intercommunication, a plurality of intercommunication mouths further can be connected respectively with two at least reation kettles of preceding one-level and back one-level to realize preceding one-level reation kettle and back one-level reation kettle's intercommunication. For example, in the present example, as shown in FIG. 1, reaction tank 1-A and reaction tanks 2-A and 2-B are communicated with each other through connecting tank 2, and connecting tank 2 includes three communicating ports connected to the three reaction tanks 1-A, 2-A and 2-B, respectively. Similarly, the reaction kettle 2-A and the reaction kettles 3A-A and 3A-B are communicated with each other through the connecting kettle 3A, and the reaction kettles 2-B and the reaction kettles 3B-A and the reaction kettles 3B-B are communicated with each other through the connecting kettle 3B. Preferably, the communicating port of the connecting kettle is communicated and sealed with the reaction kettle through a flange 6.
Preferably, need set up to have certain angle between the three intercommunication mouth of connecting the cauldron, this angle size can be set for according to reation kettle internal diameter and length size, and the internal diameter that reation kettle selected is big more, length is longer, and then the angle between three intercommunication mouth each other needs corresponding setting to be big a little to be connected respectively with last one-level reation kettle and a plurality of next stage reation kettle.
Preferably, the height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle. The height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle, namely the height of the cavity in the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction cavity formed by the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle, so that the consistency of the thickness of the fan-shaped simulation space formed by the reaction kettle group is ensured.
Preferably, the shape of the reaction kettle and the connecting kettle can be cylindrical, the cylindrical reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance, and the direction of the cylindrical reaction kettle is arranged along the direction of the fan-shaped expansion so as to provide a large-size fan-shaped simulation space. More preferably, the plurality of reaction vessels in the reaction vessel group may be different in size and shape. In practical applications, the sizes and shapes of the plurality of reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited by the invention.
The invention is further illustrated below by means of a specific example. The combined pipeline can be used for simulating the exploitation process of a natural gas hydrate vertical well similarly, and observing the flow field change, the temperature and pressure field change and the space effect in the exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate. Firstly, a required fan-shaped simulation space with the radius of 15m, the thickness of 500mm and the angle of 4.05 degrees is divided according to a bisection method to obtain seven strip-shaped simulation spaces. According to the size of each strip-shaped simulation space, a reaction kettle with the inner diameter of 500mm and the corresponding length is selected, and a PET material is selected to be processed to form seven reaction cavities, so that the outer surfaces of the reaction cavities can be tightly attached to the inner surfaces of the reaction kettles. And finally, arranging seven reaction kettles at the positions of the seven divided strip-shaped simulation spaces, connecting the seven reaction kettles into three-stage reaction kettles through connecting kettles (2, 3A and 3B) to form a reaction kettle group, and arranging the direction of each reaction kettle to enable the profile formed by the whole reaction kettle group to correspond to the size of the required fan-shaped simulation space.
And reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle group to a preset temperature through a refrigerator. Wherein the water circulation refrigerator may be set to the preset temperature in advance.
Filling water-containing seabed sediment (with known water content) into each reaction kettle and each reaction cavity, filling all the reaction cavities into the reaction kettles, compacting, communicating and sealing the reaction kettles and the connecting kettles through the flanges 6, and sealing the first-stage reaction kettle and the last-stage reaction kettle through the flanges 6 to form a sealed similar simulation space.
And opening the high-pressure gas cylinder, and slowly introducing the high-pressure natural gas into each reaction kettle through the gas inlet system to gradually generate the hydrate in the system.
In the process of forming the hydrate, parameters such as temperature, pressure, sound wave, resistance and the like in the reaction system are monitored and recorded through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device.
And when all the parameters are kept stable, namely the fluctuation range of all the parameters is in a preset range, indicating that the generation of the hydrate in the reaction kettle is finished, and closing the gas inlet device.
And adopting single-well depressurization exploitation to exploit the hydrate. As shown in figure 1, hydrate in the reaction kettle is subjected to single-well depressurization exploitation through an exploitation well arranged at one end of the 1-A reaction kettle far away from other reaction kettles. Meanwhile, the data acquisition device and the monitoring device of each reaction kettle monitor the change of each parameter of the hydrate in each reaction kettle so as to determine the decomposition condition of the hydrate in different reaction kettles and the influenced condition of the hydrate perpendicular to the fan-shaped expansion direction.
And when the hydrate is not produced basically, indicating that the production of the hydrate is finished. In the hydrate extraction process, parameter data of hydrates in each reaction kettle can be obtained through the data acquisition device and the monitoring device, and the fluctuation range, the hydrate decomposition condition and the gas-liquid migration condition in the hydrate extraction process can be obtained through analysis according to the change condition of each parameter in the parameter data.
And closing the refrigerating machine to heat the reaction kettle group. And cleaning the reaction kettle group. The residual gas in the reaction kettle is completely discharged through the exhaust device, and then the liquid in the kettle is discharged through the liquid discharge device. And further opening the reaction kettle, discharging the reaction cavity, cleaning the sediment at the seabed, and cleaning the reaction kettle, the kettle body connected with the reaction kettle and the reaction cavity.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The combined pipeline for expanding the natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation is characterized by comprising at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, wherein the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner;
wherein, the reation kettle of a preceding one-level among a plurality of reation kettle and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels communicate each other, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
2. The composite pipe according to claim 1, wherein the reaction vessel of a previous stage and the reaction vessels of two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other.
3. The combined pipeline according to claim 1, wherein a reaction cavity is arranged in each reaction kettle, and a reaction cavity is formed in each reaction cavity.
4. The composite conduit according to claim 2, wherein the reaction chamber of the reaction chamber is strip-shaped.
5. The composite conduit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reaction chamber is made of polyethylene terephthalate.
6. The combined pipeline according to claim 1, wherein a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the former-stage reaction kettle and the two latter-stage reaction kettles;
a cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communicating ports which are respectively communicated with the front-stage reaction kettle and the at least two rear-stage reaction kettles, and the communicating ports are further communicated with the cavity.
7. The combined pipeline according to claim 1, wherein when the reaction kettle group is plural, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the plural reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of the other reaction kettle groups.
8. The integrated circuit of claim 1, wherein the integrated circuit comprises two identical reactor groups;
the last reaction kettles of the two reaction kettle groups are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
9. A method of making a composite conduit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises:
determining the size of a required fan-shaped simulation space;
cutting the fan-shaped simulation space into a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy;
a plurality of reation kettles are set up according to a plurality of bar analog space that the cutting obtained, wherein, a plurality of reation kettle set up in grades, and intercommunication each other between the reation kettle of a preceding one-level and the reation kettle of two at least back one-levels in a plurality of reation kettles, every reation kettle of back one-level only communicates with a preceding one-level reation kettle.
10. The method for manufacturing a composite pipe according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of reaction vessels are arranged according to the plurality of bar-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the plurality of reaction vessels are arranged in stages, the reaction vessel of a previous stage and the reaction vessels of at least two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other, and each reaction vessel of the subsequent stage is communicated with only one reaction vessel of the previous stage, and specifically comprises:
arranging a plurality of reaction cavities according to a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction cavities are arranged in a grading manner, a reaction cavity of a previous stage in the reaction cavities is communicated with at least two reaction cavities of a next stage, and each reaction cavity of the next stage is only communicated with one reaction cavity of the previous stage;
forming a plurality of reaction cavities corresponding to each reaction cavity respectively;
forming a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction cavity;
and a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage is formed and connected to form a reaction kettle group.
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| CN209990479U (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-01-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Combined pipeline for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation |
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| GB255279A (en) * | 1925-10-07 | 1926-07-22 | Albert Parker | Improved combined apparatus for gas-making and coal or fuel carbonisation |
| CN201747338U (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-02-16 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Natural gas hydrate simulating mining experimental apparatus |
| CN102052065A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate |
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