CN111794718B - Combined pipeline and method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation - Google Patents
Combined pipeline and method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111794718B CN111794718B CN201910279472.8A CN201910279472A CN111794718B CN 111794718 B CN111794718 B CN 111794718B CN 201910279472 A CN201910279472 A CN 201910279472A CN 111794718 B CN111794718 B CN 111794718B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 428
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010512 small scale reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined pipeline and a method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation, wherein the combined pipeline comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, and the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner; the invention provides a similar simulation device with large size, low cost and good experimental effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a combined pipeline and a method for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is an ice-like, nonstoichiometric cage-shaped crystalline compound formed by water, methane and other hydrocarbon gases under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature, and has the characteristics of high density, high heat value, wide distribution, large reserves and the like. The natural gas hydrate is expected to become one of the energy sources which is replaced after shale gas, dense gas, coal bed gas, oil sand and the like in the 21 st century, and is mainly distributed in a land permanent frozen soil zone and a coastal land frame 300-3000m water deep sea area, wherein about 90% of the natural gas hydrate is stored in the deep sea area. The total reserves of natural gas hydrates worldwide are about twice the sum of the carbon contents of all fossil fuels which are currently ascertained, and the reserves of natural gas hydrates in the south China sea area of China are 649700 hundred million cubic meters.
The experimental simulation research of the natural gas hydrate exploitation process plays an important role in evaluating the existing exploitation technology, developing a new exploitation technology and formulating a reasonable exploitation scheme. The experimental simulation can directly guide the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate and also can provide parameters and basic data for numerical simulation. However, the existing experimental simulation research technology cannot realize similar simulation of the actual production process of the natural gas hydrate, meanwhile, the simulation scale is generally smaller, the equipment cost is high, the operation safety is low, the spatial effect required by the experiment cannot be obtained, and the change rule of the flow field and the temperature and pressure field in the production process cannot be examined.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the problems, the invention provides a combined pipeline for expanding the simulation of the exploitation of natural gas hydrate, and provides a simulation pipeline which is large in size, low in cost and good in experimental effect. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a composite pipeline that extends the simulation of natural gas hydrate production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention discloses a combined pipeline for expanding the simulation of natural gas hydrate exploitation, which comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, wherein the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in multiple stages;
wherein, the reaction kettle of a preceding stage and the reaction kettle of at least two subsequent stages in a plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettle of the subsequent stage is only communicated with one reaction kettle of the preceding stage.
Preferably, the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettles of the two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other.
Preferably, each reaction kettle is provided with a reaction cavity, and a reaction cavity is formed in the reaction cavity.
Preferably, the reaction cavity of the reaction cavity is strip-shaped.
Preferably, the material of the reaction cavity is polyethylene terephthalate.
Preferably, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the previous-stage reaction kettle and the two subsequent-stage reaction kettles;
the connecting kettle is internally provided with a cavity, and comprises three communication ports which are respectively communicated with the front-stage reaction kettle and the two rear-stage reaction kettles, and the three communication ports are further communicated with the cavity.
Preferably, when the reaction kettle group is a plurality of reaction kettle groups, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the plurality of reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of the other reaction kettle group.
Preferably, the combined pipeline comprises two identical reaction kettle groups;
the reaction kettles at the last stage of the two reaction kettle groups are communicated in one-to-one correspondence.
The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the combined pipeline, which comprises the following steps:
determining the size of a required fan-shaped simulation space;
cutting the fan-shaped simulation space into a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy;
and setting a plurality of reaction kettles according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction kettles are arranged in a grading manner, the reaction kettles of a previous stage and the reaction kettles of at least two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettles of the subsequent stages are communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage.
Preferably, the multiple strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting are provided with multiple reaction kettles, wherein the multiple reaction kettles are arranged in a grading manner, one reaction kettle of a previous stage in the multiple reaction kettles is communicated with at least two reaction kettles of a next stage, and each reaction kettle of the next stage is communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a plurality of reaction cavities are arranged according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction cavities are arranged in a grading manner, a reaction cavity of a previous stage in the reaction cavities is communicated with reaction cavities of at least two subsequent stages, and each reaction cavity of the subsequent stages is communicated with only one reaction cavity of the previous stage;
forming a plurality of reaction cavities corresponding to each reaction cavity respectively;
forming a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction cavity;
and forming a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage, and connecting the connecting kettles to form a reaction kettle group.
The invention adopts a plurality of reaction kettles to form a fan-shaped distributed reaction kettle group, the reaction kettles are arranged in a multi-stage manner, and each reaction kettle of the previous stage is communicated with at least two reaction kettles of the next stage. The reaction kettles are communicated in multiple stages, so that the reaction kettles integrally form a fan-shaped simulation area, and the exploitation process of the vertical well for reducing the natural gas hydrate can be simulated. By increasing or decreasing the number of stages of the reaction kettle, fan-shaped simulation areas with different sizes can be obtained, and the simulation sizes can range from a few meters to tens of meters, and even can be infinitely extended. The fan-shaped simulation area is formed by a plurality of reaction kettles, the manufacturing cost of a single reaction kettle is low, the cost for forming the fan-shaped simulation area can be reduced by the simulation pipeline, the operation of the reaction kettle is relatively convenient and safe, and the operation flexibility and the safety of the fan-shaped simulation space can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a modular pipeline for expanded natural gas hydrate production simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the division of fan-shaped simulation spaces in one embodiment of a composite pipeline for expanding a natural gas hydrate production simulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a strip simulation space divided by a fan simulation space in one embodiment of a composite pipeline for expanding a natural gas hydrate production simulation;
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of an application of one embodiment of a composite pipeline of the present invention for expanding a natural gas hydrate production simulation;
FIG. 5 illustrates one of the flow charts of one embodiment of a method of making a composite pipeline for expanded natural gas hydrate production simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a second flowchart of an embodiment of a method of fabricating a composite pipeline for extended natural gas hydrate production simulation in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Existing simulation studies of natural gas hydrate exploitation generally construct a fan-shaped cavity in a unit pipeline as a simulation space for experimental study to perform simulation. However, the fan-shaped cavity simulation space provided by the existing unit pipeline is limited, the size is small, and the operation flexibility is low.
Based on this, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment discloses a composite pipeline that extends the simulation of natural gas hydrate production. The combined pipeline comprises at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, and the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in multiple stages.
Wherein, the reaction kettle of a preceding stage and the reaction kettle of at least two subsequent stages in a plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettle of the subsequent stage is only communicated with one reaction kettle of the preceding stage.
Specifically, the tail end of a first-stage reaction kettle among the multiple reaction kettles arranged in multiple stages is communicated with the head ends of at least two second-stage reaction kettles, the tail end of each reaction kettle of the second stage is communicated with the head ends of at least two third-stage reaction kettles, the arrangement of the reaction kettles of each stage is similar, and the arrangement stages of the multiple reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be determined according to the size of a fan-shaped simulation space to be formed.
The invention adopts a plurality of reaction kettles to form a fan-shaped distributed reaction kettle group, the reaction kettles are arranged in a multi-stage manner, and each reaction kettle of the previous stage is communicated with at least two reaction kettles of the next stage. The reaction kettles are communicated in multiple stages, so that the reaction kettles integrally form a fan-shaped simulation area, and the exploitation process of the vertical well for reducing the natural gas hydrate can be simulated. By increasing or decreasing the number of stages of the reaction kettle, fan-shaped simulation areas with different sizes can be obtained, and the simulation sizes can range from a few meters to tens of meters, and even can be infinitely extended. The fan-shaped simulation area is formed by a plurality of reaction kettles, the manufacturing cost of a single reaction kettle is low, the cost for forming the fan-shaped simulation area can be reduced by the simulation pipeline, the operation of the reaction kettle is relatively convenient and safe, and the operation flexibility and the safety of simulation can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, a reaction cavity is provided in each of the reaction kettles. The reaction cavity is internally provided with a reaction cavity, the reaction cavities in the reaction kettles are communicated in multiple stages, so that a simulation space formed by the reaction cavities of the reaction kettle group extends in multiple branches along the sector-shaped expansion direction, and the aim of simulating a large-scale cavity with a sector-shaped transverse whole is achieved, wherein the transverse direction is the sector-shaped expansion direction.
Preferably, the reaction cavity can be shaped so as to be tightly attached to the reaction kettle when being arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction cavity can be a cavity with a specific shape, so that an experiment space with the specific shape is formed in the reaction kettle. More preferably, the reaction chamber may be provided in a strip shape.
The multistage reaction chambers can be communicated to form a large-size fan-shaped reaction space, the large-size fan-shaped simulation space accords with the field exploitation working condition and the boundary condition established by a model in the numerical simulation research, early experimental exploration and technical reserve can be made for subsequent trial exploitation and commercial exploitation, and meanwhile, reference basic correction data can be provided for the current mainstream numerical simulation exploitation.
The reaction cavity is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance. Therefore, the reaction cavity does not need to bear high pressure, and a reaction cavity with a specific shape is only constructed in the reaction kettle as a filler. Preferably, the reaction chamber may be made of a light-weight corrosion-resistant material of high molecular polymer, for example, in this embodiment, the material of the reaction chamber is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the reaction chamber and the material of the reaction chamber may be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
In this embodiment, the reaction vessel of the previous stage and the reaction vessels of the two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first stage comprises ase:Sub>A reaction vessel (1-A), the tail end of the reaction vessel of the first stage is communicated with the head ends of two reaction vessels (2-A and 2-B) of the second stage, the head ends of the two reaction vessels of the second stage are also communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage, 2-A and 3A-ase:Sub>A and 3A-B, are respectively communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage, 2-B and 3B-A and 3B-B, are respectively communicated, and the two reaction vessels of the third stage, 3A-ase:Sub>A, 3A-B, 3B-A and 3B-B, are respectively communicated. The arrangement of the reaction kettles at each stage is the same, and the details are not repeated here.
When a simulation experiment is similar, particularly when a large-scale fan-shaped simulation space is needed, the fan-shaped simulation space to be formed can be divided into a plurality of small-scale bar-shaped simulation spaces in advance according to a dichotomy, as shown in fig. 2. Then forming a reaction cavity in multistage arrangement according to the strip-shaped simulation space, forming a reaction cavity corresponding to the strip-shaped simulation space in the reaction cavity, forming reaction kettles corresponding to each reaction cavity as shown in fig. 3, and sequentially connecting a plurality of reaction kettles to form a reaction kettle group, so that the whole reaction kettle group is in a fan shape.
In a preferred embodiment, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the previous stage reaction kettle and the at least two subsequent stage reaction kettles. The connecting kettle is internally provided with a cavity, and comprises a plurality of communication ports which are respectively communicated with the former-stage reaction kettle and the at least two latter-stage reaction kettles, and the communication ports are further communicated with the cavity. The connecting kettle can be used as a connecting point of a reaction kettle of the previous stage and a reaction kettle of the next stage, a cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communicating ports communicated with the cavity, and the communicating ports can be further connected with one reaction kettle of the previous stage and at least two reaction kettles of the next stage respectively, so that the communication of the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage is realized. For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, reaction vessel 1-A and reaction vessels 2-A and 2-B are communicated with each other through connecting vessel 2, and connecting vessel 2 includes three communication ports connected to three reaction vessels 1-A, 2-A and 2-B, respectively. Similarly, the reaction kettle 2-A and the reaction kettles 3A-ase:Sub>A and 3A-B are communicated with each other through ase:Sub>A connecting kettle 3A, and the reaction kettles 2-B and 3B-A and 3B-B are communicated with each other through ase:Sub>A connecting kettle 3B. Preferably, the communication port of the connecting kettle and the reaction kettle can be communicated and sealed through the flange 6.
Preferably, the three communicating ports of the connecting kettle are required to be arranged to have a certain angle, the angle can be set according to the inner diameter and the length of the reaction kettle, and the larger the selected inner diameter and the longer the length of the reaction kettle are, the larger the angles among the three communicating ports are required to be correspondingly arranged so as to be connected with the upper-stage reaction kettle and the plurality of lower-stage reaction kettles respectively.
Preferably, the height of the kettle connected with the kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle. The height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle, namely the height of the hollow cavity of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction cavity formed by the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle, so that the consistency of the thickness of the fan-shaped simulation space formed by the reaction kettle group is ensured.
Preferably, the reaction kettle and the connecting kettle can be cylindrical in shape, the cylindrical reaction kettle can provide higher compression resistance, and the direction of the cylindrical reaction kettle is arranged along the direction of sector expansion so as to provide a sector simulation space with a large size. More preferably, the size and shape of the plurality of reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group may vary. In practical application, the sizes and shapes of the reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be flexibly set according to practical needs, and the invention is not limited to the above.
In an alternative embodiment, when the reaction kettle group is a plurality of reaction kettle groups, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the plurality of reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of the other reaction kettle group. Two or more reaction kettle groups are in butt joint communication through an open end (the reaction kettle of the last stage) or a narrow end (the reaction kettle of the first stage) of a fan-shaped cavity simulation space, so that a kettle group system with more complex simulation space and multiple simulation spaces is formed, and the method is applied to simulation investigation of multi-well joint exploitation working conditions. For example, when the double-well heat shock-depressurization combined mining is performed, the fan-shaped simulation space of the two branch-shaped reaction kettle groups is required to be opened, namely, the reaction kettles of the last stage of the two reaction kettle groups are in one-to-one butt joint communication, so that the reaction kettle groups with the simulation space of the diamond-shaped cavities are formed.
The embodiment also discloses a natural gas hydrate exploitation analog simulation system comprising the combination pipeline. The simulation system comprises a combination pipeline, an air inlet device, an air outlet device, a monitoring device, a data acquisition device, a liquid inlet device and a liquid discharge device, wherein the air inlet device, the air outlet device, the monitoring device, the data acquisition device, the liquid inlet device and the liquid discharge device are arranged for each reaction kettle, and a production well is arranged on the combination pipeline. Preferably, the exploitation well is arranged on the reaction kettle of the first stage, for example, in the embodiment, the exploitation well 5 communicated with the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle 1-A is arranged at one end of each stage of reaction kettle after the reaction kettle 1-A is far away from the reaction kettle.
The air inlet device, the air exhaust device, the monitoring device, the data acquisition device, the liquid inlet device and the liquid discharge device are independently arranged for each reaction kettle, and parameter change conditions in each reaction kettle can be monitored.
The air inlet device can be used for inputting high-pressure natural gas into the reaction kettle. The exhaust device can exhaust the residual gas after the experiment is completed. The data acquisition device can acquire various parameters in the reaction kettle. The monitoring device can control the data acquisition device to acquire parameters so as to monitor the change condition of the parameters in the reaction kettle. The liquid inlet device can input liquid into the reaction kettle so as to be convenient for cleaning. The liquid discharge device can discharge liquid such as waste liquid in the reaction kettle.
The embodiment also discloses an application method of the combined pipeline for expanding the natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation in the system for performing the similarity simulation experiment. As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the method includes:
s100: and (5) reducing the reaction kettle group to a preset temperature through a refrigerator. The water circulation refrigerator may be set to the preset temperature in advance.
S200: the aqueous seabed sediment is filled into each reaction kettle of the reaction kettle group. Wherein the water content of the aqueous seabed sediment must be known. Specifically, the reaction chambers may be filled with the aqueous seabed sediment, all of the reaction chambers may be filled into the reaction vessel, compacted, and the reaction vessel group may be sealed. For example, the reaction vessel and the connection vessel may be connected and sealed by a flange 6, and the first stage reaction vessel and the last stage reaction vessel may be sealed by the flange 6 to form a sealed similar simulation space.
S300: the high-pressure natural gas is input into each reaction kettle through an air inlet device to form hydrate, and parameter changes in each reaction kettle are monitored through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device. High pressure natural gas may be fed into each reactor via an air intake system.
S400: and closing the air inlet device after the parameters are kept stable. After each parameter is kept stable, namely the fluctuation range of each parameter is within a preset range, the completion of the generation of the hydrate in the reaction kettle is indicated, and the air inlet device is closed. Specifically, the parameters may include parameters such as temperature, pressure, sound waves, and resistance in the reaction kettle. The change of each parameter of the hydrate in each reaction kettle is monitored through the data acquisition device and the monitoring device of each reaction kettle, so that the decomposition condition of the hydrate in different reaction kettles and the affected condition of the hydrate perpendicular to the sector expansion direction can be determined.
S500: and mining the hydrate, and acquiring parameter data of each reaction kettle in the mining process through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device. The sweep range of the hydrate exploitation process can be obtained through analysis of the change condition of each parameter in the parameter data, and the conditions of hydrate decomposition and gas-liquid migration are obtained.
S600: after the hydrate is extracted, the refrigerator is closed and the reaction kettle group is cleaned. The hydrate recovery process of the hydrate can be realized through the hydrate monitoring device, and the hydrate recovery is completed when the hydrate is not basically recovered. The refrigerator can be closed to heat the reaction kettle group so as to clean the reaction kettle group. Specifically, the residual gas in the reaction kettle can be completely discharged through the exhaust device, and then the liquid in the kettle is discharged through the liquid discharge device. The reaction kettle can be further opened, the reaction cavity is discharged, the seabed sediment is cleaned out, and the reaction kettle, the kettle body connected with the reaction kettle and the reaction cavity are cleaned.
Based on the same principle, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present embodiment also discloses a method for manufacturing the composite pipe as disclosed in the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the manufacturing method includes:
s010: the size of the required fan-shaped simulation space is determined. For example, the radius, thickness, angle, etc. of the fan-shaped simulation space are determined.
S020: the sector simulation space is cut into a plurality of strip simulation spaces according to a dichotomy. For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sector-shaped model space is cut according to a dichotomy to form 7 bar-shaped simulation spaces. Each strip-shaped simulation space is the size and shape of a reaction cavity which needs to be formed by each stage of reaction kettles.
S030: and setting a plurality of reaction kettles according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction kettles are arranged in a grading manner, the reaction kettles of a previous stage and the reaction kettles of at least two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettles of the subsequent stages are communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the step S030 further includes:
s031: and a plurality of reaction cavities are arranged according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction cavities are arranged in a grading manner, the reaction cavity of a previous stage in the reaction cavities is communicated with the reaction cavities of at least two subsequent stages, and each reaction cavity of the subsequent stages is communicated with only one previous stage reaction cavity, as shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the shape of the reaction cavity is preferably strip-shaped.
S032: a plurality of reaction chambers are formed corresponding to each reaction chamber. The reaction cavity is internally provided with a reaction cavity, the reaction cavities in the reaction kettles are communicated in multiple stages, so that a simulation space formed by the reaction cavities of the reaction kettle group extends in multiple branches along the sector-shaped expansion direction, and the aim of simulating a large-scale cavity with a sector-shaped transverse whole is achieved, wherein the transverse direction is the sector-shaped expansion direction.
When a similar simulation experiment is performed, particularly when a large-scale fan-shaped simulation space is needed, the fan-shaped simulation space to be formed can be divided into a plurality of small-scale reaction cavities according to a dichotomy in advance, and then a reaction kettle corresponding to each reaction cavity is formed. And sequentially connecting the reaction kettles to form a reaction kettle group, so that the whole reaction kettle group is in a fan shape. The reaction chambers are further arranged in the reaction kettles in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that a fan-shaped simulation space is formed.
S033: a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction chamber are formed. The reaction cavity and the reaction kettle can be arranged in shape, so that the reaction cavity is tightly attached to the reaction kettle when arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction cavity can be a cavity with a specific shape, so that an experiment space with the specific shape is formed in the reaction kettle. For example, the reaction chamber is in the shape of a bar.
The reaction cavity is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle can provide high pressure resistance. Therefore, the reaction cavity does not need to bear high pressure, and a reaction cavity with a specific shape is only constructed in the reaction kettle as a filler. Preferably, the reaction chamber may be made of a light-weight corrosion-resistant material of high molecular polymer, for example, in this embodiment, the material of the reaction chamber is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the reaction chamber and the material of the reaction chamber may be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
And the reaction tanks are arranged corresponding to the reaction chambers, so that the reaction tanks are arranged in multiple stages. For example, in this embodiment, the reaction vessel of the previous stage and the reaction vessels of the two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are communicated with each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first stage comprises ase:Sub>A reaction vessel (1-A), the tail end of the reaction vessel of the first stage is communicated with the head ends of two reaction vessels (2-A and 2-B) of the second stage, the head ends of the two reaction vessels of the second stage are also communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage, 2-A and 3A-ase:Sub>A and 3A-B, are respectively communicated, the two reaction vessels of the second stage, 2-B and 3B-A and 3B-B, are respectively communicated, and the two reaction vessels of the third stage, 3A-ase:Sub>A, 3A-B, 3B-A and 3B-B, are respectively communicated. The arrangement of the reaction kettles at each stage is the same, and the details are not repeated here.
S034: and forming a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage, and connecting the connecting kettles to form a reaction kettle group. In a preferred embodiment, a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the previous stage reaction kettle and the at least two subsequent stage reaction kettles. The connecting kettle is internally provided with a cavity, and comprises a plurality of communication ports which are respectively communicated with the former-stage reaction kettle and the at least two latter-stage reaction kettles, and the communication ports are further communicated with the cavity. The connecting kettle can be used as a connecting point of a reaction kettle of the previous stage and a reaction kettle of the next stage, a cavity is formed in the connecting kettle, the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communicating ports communicated with the cavity, and the communicating ports can be further connected with one reaction kettle of the previous stage and at least two reaction kettles of the next stage respectively, so that the communication of the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage is realized. For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, reaction vessel 1-A and reaction vessels 2-A and 2-B are communicated with each other through connecting vessel 2, and connecting vessel 2 includes three communication ports connected to three reaction vessels 1-A, 2-A and 2-B, respectively. Similarly, the reaction kettle 2-A and the reaction kettles 3A-ase:Sub>A and 3A-B are communicated with each other through ase:Sub>A connecting kettle 3A, and the reaction kettles 2-B and 3B-A and 3B-B are communicated with each other through ase:Sub>A connecting kettle 3B. Preferably, the communication port of the connecting kettle and the reaction kettle can be communicated and sealed through the flange 6.
Preferably, the three communicating ports of the connecting kettle are required to be arranged to have a certain angle, the angle can be set according to the inner diameter and the length of the reaction kettle, and the larger the selected inner diameter and the longer the length of the reaction kettle are, the larger the angles among the three communicating ports are required to be correspondingly arranged so as to be connected with the upper-stage reaction kettle and the plurality of lower-stage reaction kettles respectively.
Preferably, the height of the kettle connected with the kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle. The height of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction kettle, namely the height of the hollow cavity of the connecting kettle is the same as that of the reaction cavity formed by the reaction cavity in the reaction kettle, so that the consistency of the thickness of the fan-shaped simulation space formed by the reaction kettle group is ensured.
Preferably, the reaction kettle and the connecting kettle can be cylindrical in shape, the cylindrical reaction kettle can provide higher compression resistance, and the direction of the cylindrical reaction kettle is arranged along the direction of sector expansion so as to provide a sector simulation space with a large size. More preferably, the size and shape of the plurality of reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group may vary. In practical application, the sizes and shapes of the reaction kettles in the reaction kettle group can be flexibly set according to practical needs, and the invention is not limited to the above.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific example. The combined pipeline can be used for simulating the exploitation process of the vertical well of the natural gas hydrate similarly, and observing the flow field change, the temperature pressure field change and the space effect in the exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate. Firstly, a required fan-shaped simulation space with the radius of 15m, the thickness of 500mm and the angle of 4.05 degrees is divided into seven strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy. According to the size of each strip-shaped simulation space, a reaction kettle with the inner diameter of 500mm and corresponding length is selected, and the PET material is selected to be processed to form seven reaction cavities, so that the outer surfaces of the reaction cavities can be tightly attached to the inner surfaces of the reaction kettles. And finally, arranging seven reaction kettles at the positions of the seven strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by dividing and connecting the seven reaction kettles into three-stage reaction kettles through connecting kettles (2, 3A and 3B) to form a reaction kettle group, and arranging the direction of each reaction kettle to enable the outline formed by the whole reaction kettle group to correspond to the size of the required fan-shaped simulation space.
And cooling the temperature of the reaction kettle group to a preset temperature through a refrigerator. Wherein the water circulation refrigerator may be previously set to the preset temperature.
The reaction kettles and the reaction cavities are filled with the water-containing submarine sediment (with known water content), all the reaction cavities are filled in the reaction kettles, compaction treatment is carried out, the reaction kettles and the connecting kettles are communicated and sealed through flanges 6, and the first-stage reaction kettles and the last-stage reaction kettles are sealed through flanges 6 to form a sealed similar simulation space.
And opening a high-pressure gas cylinder, and slowly introducing high-pressure natural gas into each reaction kettle through a gas inlet system, so that hydrates are gradually generated in the system.
In the process of forming the hydrate, parameters such as temperature, pressure, sound wave, resistance and the like in the reaction system are monitored and recorded through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device.
After each parameter is kept stable, namely the fluctuation range of each parameter is within a preset range, the completion of the generation of the hydrate in the reaction kettle is indicated, and the air inlet device is closed.
Hydrate is mined by adopting single-well depressurization mining. As shown in fig. 1, the hydrates in the reaction kettles were single well depressurized by a mining well provided at an end of the 1-a reaction kettles remote from the other reaction kettles. Meanwhile, the change of each parameter of the hydrate in each reaction kettle is monitored through a data acquisition device and a monitoring device of each reaction kettle so as to determine the decomposition condition of the hydrate in different reaction kettles and the affected condition of the hydrate perpendicular to the sector expansion direction.
When the hydrate is not produced substantially any more, the hydrate is completely produced. The parameter data of the hydrate in each reaction kettle can be obtained through the data acquisition device and the monitoring device in the hydrate extraction process, and the sweep range, the hydrate decomposition and the gas-liquid migration conditions in the hydrate extraction process can be obtained through analysis of the change condition of each parameter in the parameter data.
And closing the refrigerator to heat the reaction kettle group. And cleaning the reaction kettle group. And the residual gas in the reaction kettle is completely discharged through the exhaust device, and then the liquid in the kettle is discharged through the liquid discharge device. Further opening the reaction kettle, discharging the reaction cavity, cleaning out the seabed sediment, and cleaning the reaction kettle, the kettle body connected with the reaction kettle and the reaction cavity.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The combined pipeline for expanding the natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation is characterized by comprising at least one fan-shaped reaction kettle group, wherein the reaction kettle group comprises a plurality of reaction kettles arranged in a multistage manner;
wherein, the reaction kettle of a previous stage and the reaction kettles of at least two subsequent stages are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettle of the subsequent stages is communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage;
a connecting kettle is arranged at the joint of the former-stage reaction kettle and the two latter-stage reaction kettles;
the connecting kettle comprises a plurality of communication ports which are respectively communicated with the former-stage reaction kettle and the at least two latter-stage reaction kettles, and the communication ports are further communicated with the cavities;
when the reaction kettle groups are multiple, at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of one reaction kettle group in the multiple reaction kettle groups is communicated with at least one reaction kettle of the first stage or the last stage of the other reaction kettle groups.
2. The combination conduit of claim 1, wherein the reaction vessels of a preceding stage and the reaction vessels of two subsequent stages of the plurality of reaction vessels are in communication with each other.
3. The combination conduit of claim 1, wherein each of the reaction kettles has a reaction chamber formed therein.
4. A composite pipe according to claim 3, wherein the reaction chamber of the reaction chamber is strip-shaped.
5. A composite pipe according to claim 3, wherein the material of the reaction chamber is polyethylene terephthalate.
6. The combination conduit of claim 1, wherein the combination conduit comprises two identical reactor clusters;
the reaction kettles at the last stage of the two reaction kettle groups are communicated in one-to-one correspondence.
7. A method of making a composite pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
determining the size of a required fan-shaped simulation space;
cutting the fan-shaped simulation space into a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces according to a dichotomy;
and setting a plurality of reaction kettles according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction kettles are arranged in a grading manner, the reaction kettles of a previous stage and the reaction kettles of at least two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettles of the subsequent stages are communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage.
8. The method for manufacturing a composite pipeline according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of reaction kettles are arranged according to a plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the plurality of reaction kettles are arranged in a grading manner, a reaction kettle of a previous stage and reaction kettles of at least two subsequent stages in the plurality of reaction kettles are communicated with each other, and each reaction kettle of the subsequent stage is communicated with only one reaction kettle of the previous stage, specifically comprising:
a plurality of reaction cavities are arranged according to the plurality of strip-shaped simulation spaces obtained by cutting, wherein the reaction cavities are arranged in a grading manner, a reaction cavity of a previous stage in the reaction cavities is communicated with reaction cavities of at least two subsequent stages, and each reaction cavity of the subsequent stages is communicated with only one reaction cavity of the previous stage;
forming a plurality of reaction cavities corresponding to each reaction cavity respectively;
forming a plurality of reaction kettles for respectively accommodating each reaction cavity;
and forming a connecting kettle which is communicated with the reaction kettle of the previous stage and the reaction kettle of the next stage, and connecting the connecting kettles to form a reaction kettle group.
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| CN102052065A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate |
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| CN209990479U (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-01-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Combined pipeline for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation |
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| GB255279A (en) * | 1925-10-07 | 1926-07-22 | Albert Parker | Improved combined apparatus for gas-making and coal or fuel carbonisation |
| CN201747338U (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-02-16 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Natural gas hydrate simulating mining experimental apparatus |
| CN102052065A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate |
| CN107703034A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-02-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | The experimental provision of two-phase flow measurement containing fine grained and experimental method in a kind of tubule network |
| CN209990479U (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-01-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Combined pipeline for expanding natural gas hydrate exploitation similarity simulation |
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