CN111650354B - Hydrate evaluation experiment system and method - Google Patents
Hydrate evaluation experiment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111650354B CN111650354B CN202010599557.7A CN202010599557A CN111650354B CN 111650354 B CN111650354 B CN 111650354B CN 202010599557 A CN202010599557 A CN 202010599557A CN 111650354 B CN111650354 B CN 111650354B
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000005189 Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010102 embolization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/008—Feed or outlet control devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/02—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices for feeding measured, i.e. prescribed quantities of reagents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/108—Production of gas hydrates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydrate evaluation experiment system and method, comprising a first gas cylinder, a second gas cylinder, a flow control device, a flow controller, a magnetic stirring container, a chemical reagent injection device, a closed loop and the like, wherein the first gas cylinder is used for storing CH (CH) 4 Or a natural gas mixture; the gas outlet of the first gas cylinder is connected with the magnetic stirring container through the flow controller; the second gas cylinder is used for storing CO 2 A gas; the gas outlet of the second gas cylinder is connected with the magnetic stirring container through a flow control device; the magnetic stirring container is provided with a chemical reagent injection port which is connected with an outlet of the chemical reagent injection device; the closed loop is respectively connected with the first gas cylinder, the second gas cylinder and the chemical reagent injection device through a twentieth valve; the invention canThe method can simulate the formation of the hydrate and analyze the influence of the hydrate on the formation and decomposition rules of the hydrate, so that the method is convenient for carrying out further detailed analysis and research, and the production is guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrate development, in particular to a hydrate evaluation experiment system and method.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a naturally-occurring compound with a cage-shaped microstructure, is an efficient clean energy source and has high combustion heat value, and the energy generated by combustion of the natural gas hydrate is tens of times more than that of common fossil fuel with the same quality. The natural gas hydrate is a cage-type crystalline compound which is similar to loose ice or compact snow in appearance and is formed by light hydrocarbon gas small molecules such as methane and water molecules in natural gas under certain temperature and pressure conditions.
As people have further studied, many mining methods have been proposed, the main principle of which is to change the temperature and pressure of the flammable ice reservoir, break the phase equilibrium of the flammable ice reservoir, and decompose the flammable ice to obtain methane gas. In the process of natural gas exploitation and storage and transportation, natural gas hydrate often causes blockage of pipelines, valves and equipment, although a plurality of methods for preventing the natural gas hydrate exist, at present, 5 methods are mainly used for preventing and treating the natural gas hydrate embolism in the pipelines: dehydration, depressurization, heating, mechanical and chemical methods.
Studies have shown that chemical methods, which are generally the most commonly used and effective methods for injecting chemical agents (e.g., methanol, etc.) into a formation, may increase the phase equilibrium conditions for hydrate formation such that the pore pressure and temperature conditions of the formation do not meet the phase equilibrium of the hydrate, and thus the hydrate decomposes to phase change to produce methane gas for collection. The chemical process can inhibit the formation of natural gas hydrates as well as dissolve the formed natural gas hydrates.
The existing experimental system for hydrate synthesis and exploitation research has the following defects: (1) The study subjects were mainly directed to natural gas compounds, rarely CO 2 Hydrate of the hydrate. (2) There is no study of the nature of hydrate inhibitors and accelerators. (3) When corresponding gas and liquid are output, the design is simpler in the aspect of pressure control, particularly when the pressure reduction decomposition experiment is carried out, the output pressure is not stable enough, and pulse possibly exists, so that the metering accuracy and experimental effect are affected. (4) After the combustible ice is formed, the specific distribution condition of the internal temperature and the pressure is not accurately measured, the precision is not enough, and inconvenience is brought to experimental study. (5) Some devices have potential safety hazards or are inconvenient to operate, the experimental process cannot be controlled better, and great inconvenience is brought to the development of experimental research. (6) No study was made of the plugging of natural gas hydrates and corresponding prevention measures in pipelines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrate evaluation experiment system and method, which solve the defects existing in the existing hydrate synthesis and exploitation research experiments.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a hydrate evaluation experiment system, which comprises a first gas cylinder, a second gas cylinder, a flow control device, a flow controller, a magnetic stirring container, a chemical reagent injection device and a closed loop, wherein,
the first air bottle is used for storing CH 4 Or a natural gas mixture; the gas outlet of the first gas cylinder is connected with the magnetic stirring container through the flow controller;
the second gas cylinder is used for storing CO 2 A gas; the gas outlet of the second gas cylinder is connected with the magnetic stirring container through a flow control device;
the magnetic stirring container is provided with a chemical reagent injection port which is connected with an outlet of the chemical reagent injection device;
the closed loop is respectively connected with the first gas cylinder, the second gas cylinder and the chemical reagent injection device through a twentieth valve.
Preferably, the closed loop includes a third pressure gauge, a first thermometer, a window, a twenty-second valve, a differential pressure sensor, a twenty-third valve, a twenty-fourth valve, a twenty-fifth valve, a circulating pump and a twenty-sixth valve, wherein an outlet of the twenty-third valve is connected with an inlet of the window, an outlet of the window is respectively connected with the twenty-second valve and the twenty-fourth valve, an outlet of the twenty-second valve is combined with an outlet of the twenty-fourth valve sequentially through the differential pressure sensor and the twenty-third valve, and then is respectively connected with an inlet of the twenty-fifth valve and an inlet of the circulating pump, and an outlet of the circulating pump is combined with an outlet of the twenty-fifth valve through the twenty-sixth valve, and then is connected with an inlet of the window.
Preferably, the outlets of the first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder are connected with a high-pressure storage tank through a gas booster pump, and the outlets of the high-pressure storage tank are respectively connected with a flow controller and a flow control device.
Preferably, the air inlet of the gas booster pump is connected to a low-pressure tank through a tenth valve, and the low-pressure tank is connected to an air compressor.
Preferably, the low pressure tank is further connected with a chemical reagent injection device.
Preferably, the flow control device comprises a first liquid pool, a first piston and a second piston, wherein a liquid outlet of the first liquid pool is connected with liquid inlets of the first piston and the second piston through a constant pressure pump respectively; the gas outlets of the first piston and the second piston are respectively connected with the magnetic stirring container through a seventh valve and an eighth valve.
Preferably, the chemical reagent injection device comprises a second liquid pool, a third piston and a fourth piston, wherein a liquid outlet of the second liquid pool is connected with liquid inlets of the third piston and the fourth piston respectively through a constant flow pump; the chemical reagent outlets of the third piston and the fourth piston are respectively connected with the twentieth valve through a sixteenth valve and an eighteenth valve.
Preferably, the experiment system further comprises an exhaust device for vacuumizing, the exhaust device comprises a second seventeenth valve, the second seventeenth valve is arranged on the closed loop, an outlet of the twenty seventh valve is connected with a buffer tank and a vacuum pump respectively, and a fourth pressure gauge and a twenty eighth valve are arranged on the buffer tank.
Preferably, the experiment system further comprises a gas-liquid separation structure, wherein the gas-liquid separation structure comprises a gas-liquid separator, and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the magnetic stirring container through a back pressure valve and a twenty-ninth valve in sequence; a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a wet flowmeter; the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the metering container.
A hydrate evaluation experimental method based on the hydrate evaluation experimental system comprises the following steps:
according to the experimental purposes, the experiment is carried out in the alternative of A, B, C, D cases:
a: when the synthesis of the hydrate is performed without chemical reagents, wherein, the combustible ice is synthesized:
CH to be stored in first gas cylinder 4 Or after the natural gas mixture is pressurized, the natural gas mixture is sent into a magnetic stirring container through a flow controller, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the combustible ice is carried out;
synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
CO to be stored in the second cylinder 2 After the gas is pressurized, the gas is directly sent into a magnetic stirring container, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and CO is carried out 2 Synthesizing a hydrate;
b: when the synthesis of hydrates is performed using chemical reagents, wherein combustible ice is synthesized:
CH to be stored in first gas cylinder 4 Or the natural gas mixture is sent into the magnetic stirring container through the flow controller after being pressurized; simultaneously, chemical reagents are injected into the magnetic stirring container by using a chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the combustible ice is carried out;
synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
will be storedCO in a second cylinder 2 The gas is directly sent into a magnetic stirring container after being pressurized; simultaneously, chemical reagents are injected into the magnetic stirring container by using the chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and CO is carried out 2 Synthesizing a hydrate;
c: testing the chemical reagent:
injecting the chemical reagent into the closed loop through the chemical reagent injection device, setting the flow speed of the liquid, and starting the circulating pump to enable the chemical reagent to flow in the closed loop; sensing a pressure differential of the chemical reagent at the inlet and outlet of the twenty-fourth valve 52 by a pressure differential sensor;
d: observing the synthesis or decomposition of the hydrate
CO is processed by 2 Gas or CH 4 Through the twentieth valve, into a closed loop, and setting experimental temperature by using a temperature control device arranged on the closed loop to simulate CO 2 Gas or CH 4 In the pipeline transportation process, hydrate is formed due to cooling, and when the temperature is raised, whether a hydrate plunger is formed in the valve and the narrow and long pipeline or not; and to simulate the chemical removal of the hydrate plug in the circulation line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing similar experimental equipment, the hydrate evaluation experimental system provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The research object can be aimed at natural gas compound or CO 2 Hydrate of the hydrate.
(2) The invention can develop researches aiming at properties such as friction resistance of hydrate inhibitors and accelerators.
(3) When corresponding gas and liquid are output, the control of the pressure is stable, and no pulse exists, so that the accuracy of measurement and experimental effect are ensured.
(4) The ease of hydrate formation during transportation of natural gas through pipelines often results in blockage of pipelines, valves and equipment, and the present system can be used to study natural gas hydrate embolization within pipelines, and prevention measures, including solutions for injection of chemical agents.
Furthermore, the system is provided with a back pressure valve, so that the output pressure can be stabilized when a depressurization experiment is carried out.
The invention is applicable to natural gas hydrate and CO 2 Related experiments of hydrates are tested, and related experimental operation methods are described. The experimental system can simulate the formation of hydrate, simulate a depressurization method, a heating method and a chemical method to mine the combustible ice, and evaluate the influence of temperature, pressure, the type and concentration of chemical reagents, reaction time and other related factors on the exploitation of the combustible ice. Meanwhile, the test system can be used for testing the properties of the hydrate inhibitor sample under test conditions of different temperatures, pressures, flow rates and the like; meanwhile, the influence of the hydrate on the formation and decomposition rules of the hydrate is analyzed, so that further detailed analysis and research are facilitated, and the production is guided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrate evaluation experiment system provided by the invention, including a first gas cylinder 1, a second gas cylinder 2, a first valve 3, a second valve 4, a gas booster pump 5, a first relief valve 6, a high-pressure tank 7, a first manometer 8, a pressure regulating valve 9, a second manometer 10, a third valve 11, a flow controller 12, a fourth valve 13, a fifth valve 14, a first liquid pool 15, a constant pressure pump 16, a sixth valve 17, a first piston 18, a seventh valve 19, an eighth valve 20, a second piston 21, a ninth valve 22, a back pressure valve 23, a tenth valve 24, an air compressor 25, a low-pressure tank 26, a second relief valve 27, an eleventh valve 28, a twelfth valve 29, a thirteenth valve 30, a purge vessel 31, a fourteenth valve 32, a second liquid pool 33, a constant flow pump 34, a fifteenth valve 35, a third piston 36, a sixteenth valve 37, a seventeenth valve 38, a fourth piston 39, an eighteenth valve 40, a nineteenth valve 41 twenty-third valve 42, third pressure gauge 43, first thermometer 44, first camera 45, window 46, first cold light source 47, twenty-first valve 48, twenty-second valve 49, differential pressure sensor 50, twenty-third valve 51, twenty-fourth valve 52, third relief valve 53, twenty-fifth valve 54, circulation pump 55, twenty-sixth valve 56, vacuum pump 57, surge tank 58, fourth pressure gauge 59, twenty-seventh valve 60, twenty-eighth valve 61, thirty-second valve 62, magnetic stirring vessel 63, high-low temperature bath 64, second cold light source 65, second camera 66, second thermometer 67, twenty-ninth valve 68, thirty-third valve 69, back pressure valve 70, back pressure vessel 71, back pressure pump 72, fifth pressure gauge 73, wet flow meter 74, gas-liquid separator 75, thirty-first valve 77 and metering vessel 78, wherein,, the gas outlets of the first gas cylinder 1 and the second gas cylinder 2 are connected with the gas inlet of the gas booster pump 5, and the gas outlets of the gas booster pump 5 are respectively connected with the high-pressure storage tank 7 and the low-pressure storage tank 26.
A first valve 3 is arranged between the first gas cylinder 1 and the gas booster pump 5.
A second valve 4 is arranged between the second gas cylinder 2 and the gas booster pump 5.
A tenth valve 24 is provided between the gas booster pump 5 and the low-pressure tank 26, and power is supplied to the gas booster pump 5 through the tenth valve 24.
The high-pressure storage tank 7 is provided with a first safety valve 6 and a first pressure gauge 8.
The high-pressure tank 7 passes through the pressure regulating valve 9, the fifth valve 14 and the back pressure valve 23 in this order.
A second pressure gauge 10 is arranged between the pressure regulating valve 9 and the fifth valve 14.
A flow controller 12 is arranged between the air inlet of the fifth valve 14 and the air inlet of the back pressure valve 23, a third valve 11 is arranged at the inlet of the flow controller 12, and a fourth valve 13 is arranged at the air outlet of the flow controller 12.
A seventh valve 19 and a ninth valve 22 are sequentially arranged at the air outlet of the fifth valve 14, wherein the outlet of the seventh valve 19 is sequentially connected with the first piston 18 and the sixth valve 17; the outlet of the ninth valve 22 is connected with the second piston 21 and the eighth valve 20 in sequence.
The outlets of the sixth valve 17 and the eighth valve 20 are connected with a constant pressure pump 16, and the constant pressure pump 16 is connected with a first liquid pool 15.
The outlet of the back pressure valve 23 is connected to the air inlet of the magnetic stirring vessel 63 through a thirty-second valve 62.
The magnetic stirring container 63 is arranged in the high-low temperature bath 64, and a second cold light source 65 and a second camera 66 are arranged on the high-low temperature bath 64.
The outlet of the magnetic stirring vessel 63 is connected with a back pressure valve 70 through a second thermometer 67, a twenty-ninth valve 68 and a thirty-ninth valve 69 in sequence.
The outlet of the back pressure valve 70 is connected with a back pressure container 71 and a gas-liquid separator 75 respectively.
A wet flowmeter 74 is arranged at the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 75.
The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 75 is connected to a metering vessel 77 through a low thirty-one valve 76.
An air inlet provided in the low-pressure tank 26 is connected to an air compressor 25.
The low pressure tank 26 is provided with a second relief valve 27 and an eleventh valve 28.
The gas outlet on the low-pressure storage tank 26 is respectively connected with a twelfth valve 29 and a thirteenth valve 30, wherein the outlet of the thirteenth valve 30 is sequentially connected with a cleaning container 31 and a fourteenth valve 32; the outlet of the fourteenth valve 32 and the twelfth valve 29 are both connected to the inlet of the nineteenth valve 41. The cleaning liquid in the cleaning vessel 31 is pressed into the following pipe system by the air pressure in the low-pressure tank 26 while displacing the solid particles through the gas displacement pipe.
A sixteenth valve 37 and an eighteenth valve 40 are arranged at the inlet of the nineteenth valve 41, wherein the outlet of the sixteenth valve 37 is sequentially connected with a third piston 36 and a fifteenth valve 35; the outlet of the eighteenth valve 40 is connected with the fourth piston 40 and the seventeenth valve 38 in sequence; the outlets of the fifteenth valve 35 and the seventeenth valve 35 are connected with a constant flow pump 34, and the outlet of the constant flow pump 34 is connected with a second liquid pool 33.
The outlet of the nineteenth valve 41 is connected to the inlet of a twentieth valve 42,
the outlet of the twentieth valve 42 is connected to a closed loop, the closed loop includes a window 46, a twenty-second valve 49, a differential pressure sensor 50, a twenty-third valve 51, a twenty-fourth valve 52, a twenty-fifth valve 54, a circulation pump 55, a twenty-sixth valve 56 and a thirty-sixth valve 69, the outlet of the chemical agent injection device is connected to the inlet of the window 46, the outlet of the window 46 is respectively connected to the twenty-second valve 49 and the twenty-fourth valve 52, the outlet of the twenty-second valve 49 is sequentially combined with the outlet of the twenty-fourth valve 52 through the differential pressure sensor 50 and the twenty-third valve 51, and then is respectively connected to the inlets of the twenty-fifth valve 54 and the circulation pump 55, and the outlet of the circulation pump 55 is combined with the outlet of the twenty-fifth valve 54 through the twenty-sixth valve 56, and then is connected to the inlet of the window 46.
A third pressure gauge 43 and a first temperature gauge 44 are sequentially arranged between the outlet of the twentieth valve 42 and the window 46.
The window 46 is provided with a first camera 45 and a first cold light source 47; the first cold light source 47 can emit light to illuminate the window 46, so that the first camera 45 can shoot internal experimental phenomena.
The closed loop is also provided with a twenty-first valve 48 for venting during cleaning of the test line, removal of residual liquid, etc.
A third safety valve 53 is provided between the twenty-fourth valve 52 and the twenty-fifth valve 54.
The closed circuit is connected to the back pressure valve 70 via a thirty-first valve 69.
The closed loop is further provided with an exhaust device for vacuumizing, the exhaust device comprises a twenty-seventh valve 60, an outlet of the twenty-seventh valve 60 is respectively connected with a buffer tank 58 and a vacuum pump 57, and the buffer tank 58 is provided with a fourth pressure gauge 59 and a twenty-eighth valve 61.
The magnetic stirring vessel 63 and the high-low temperature bath 64 are made of transparent materials.
The second cold light source 65 and the second camera 66 are arranged on the outer side of the high-low temperature bath 64, and the second cold light source 65 can emit light to irradiate the inside of the high-low temperature bath 64, so that the second camera 66 can shoot internal experimental phenomena.
Sufficient CH in the internal reservoir of the first gas cylinder 1 4 Or a natural gas mixture; sufficient CO is stored in the second gas cylinder 2 2 And (3) gas.
The pressure regulating valve 9 can regulate the output gas pressure; the flow controller 12 can regulate the flow of the output gas, and this branch is selected when natural gas is output.
The first and second reservoirs 15, 33 each have sufficient fresh water stored therein.
When CO is output from the second gas cylinder 2 2 When the gas is in the process, the constant pressure pump 16 is used for conveying clear water at a constant pressure to replace the first piston 18, and the second piston 21 is used for sucking CO 2 The gas is output through a back pressure valve 23.
The washing container 31 can be opened for storing fresh water or detergent for hydrate synthesis or for washing the equipment line. The top of the third piston 36 and the fourth piston 39 is used for storing the chemical reagent test sample.
The magnetic stirring vessel 63 may be rotated at a regulated speed and the wet flow meter 74 may meter the mass of gas flowing therethrough. The gas-liquid separator 75 may separate a gas-liquid fluid flowing therethrough. The metering vessel 77 may meter the weight of the liquid separated from the interior.
All connecting pipelines of the system adopt 316L pipelines to prevent the pipeline from being corroded by internal fluid, the pipelines are wrapped by heat insulation materials, and local temperature reduction is prevented, so that secondary generation of hydrate or generation of ice can be caused, pipelines are blocked, the experiment development effect is affected, and potential safety hazards are caused to the experiment. The parameters such as displacement, temperature and pressure can be used for collecting data through the data collection control card and for carrying out real-time monitoring and data collection on the flow, temperature and pressure in the experimental system.
The chemical agent comprises a hydrate inhibitor or a hydrate promoter.
The test method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) As shown in the figure, the equipment is cleaned, the air tightness of the system is checked, the relevant valves are adjusted,
(2) The vacuum pump 57 is then turned on to evacuate the experiment system and the air inside the pipeline, so that the exhaust air interferes with the experiment, ready for the experiment.
(3) Pressurizing: turning on the air compressor provides sufficient power for the gas booster pump 5.
(4) The experiment was started: the experiment was started under the following A, B, C, D four conditions
A. Synthesis of hydrates without chemical reagents
The twentieth valve 42 and the twenty-ninth valve 68 are closed.
Synthesis of combustible ice:
the first valve 3, the third valve 11 and the fourth valve 13 are opened, the fifth valve 14 is closed, and the CH stored in the first gas bottle 1 is stored 4 Or natural gas mixed gas is pressurized by the gas booster pump 5 and then is sent into the high-pressure storage tank 7 for storage, the pressure of the high-pressure storage tank 7 is collected by the first pressure gauge 8, and the pressure is released by the first safety valve 6, so that safety is ensured.
The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure storage tank 7 is regulated by the pressure regulating valve 9, the pressure is measured by the second pressure gauge 10, and the high-pressure gas is sent to the back pressure valve 23 for pressure regulation through the third valve 11, the flow controller 12 and the fourth valve 13, and then is sent to the magnetic stirring container 63, and experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements to synthesize the combustible ice.
Separation of the mixed gas:
the mixed gas passes through a magnetic stirring container 63, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the hydrate is carried out; the remaining gas passes through a gas-liquid separator 75.
The mass of the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 75 is measured by the wet flow meter 74.
The separated liquid mass is metered by a metering vessel 77.
Synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
the second valve 4, the fifth valve 14, the sixth valve 17, the seventh valve 19, the eighth valve 20 and the ninth valve 22 are opened, the third valve 11 and the fourth valve 1 are closed, and the CO stored in the second gas cylinder 2 is discharged 2 The gas is pressurized by the gas booster pump 5 and then is sent into the high-pressure storage tank 7 for storage, the pressure of the high-pressure storage tank 7 is collected by the first pressure gauge 8, and the pressure is released by the first safety valve 6, so that safety is ensured.
The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure tank 7 is regulated by the pressure regulating valve 9, the pressure thereof is measured by the second pressure gauge 10,and then sent to a fifth valve 14, a constant pressure pump 16 is opened to send clear water in a first liquid pool 15 to a first piston 18 and a second piston 21 for metering CO 2 Gas, at the same time ensure CO 2 Quantitatively injecting special phase state gas; then the mixture is sent to a back pressure valve 23 to regulate the pressure, then sent to a magnetic stirring container 63, and experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements to carry out CO 2 And (3) synthesizing a hydrate. And finally, testing the separation effect under different experimental conditions by using a gas-liquid separation structure.
B. When the synthesis of hydrates is performed using chemical reagents, wherein combustible ice is synthesized:
will CH 4 Feeding into a magnetic stirring vessel 63; simultaneously, chemical reagents are injected into the magnetic stirring container 63 by using a chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the combustible ice is carried out; and finally, testing the separation effect under different experimental conditions by using a gas-liquid separation structure.
Synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
CO is processed by 2 Feeding into a magnetic stirring vessel 63; meanwhile, chemical reagent is injected into the magnetic stirring container 63 by using the chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and CO is performed 2 And (3) synthesizing a hydrate.
Use of a chemical reagent injection device: the second constant pressure pump 34 is turned on, and the clean water in the second liquid bath 33 is filled into the third piston 36 and the fourth piston 39, and the chemical reagent stored at the top of the piston is filled into the magnetic stirring vessel 63 through the pistons.
And finally, testing the separation effect under different experimental conditions by using a gas-liquid separation structure.
C. Testing the chemical reagent:
injecting a chemical agent into the window 46 by the chemical agent injection means, closing the twentieth valve 42, the twenty-fifth valve 54, and the thirty-fifth valve 69; opening the twenty-second valve 49, the twenty-third valve 51 and the twenty-fourth valve 52, setting the flow speed of the liquid, starting the circulating pump 55, so that the chemical reagent passes through the window 46, the twenty-fourth valve 52 and the circulating pump 55 and returns to the window 46 to flow in the formed closed loop for performing experimental evaluation of the thermodynamic chemical reagent, the kinetic chemical reagent, the polymerization inhibitor or the compound chemical reagent; meanwhile, the differential pressure at the inlet and outlet of the twenty-fourth valve 52 is collected by the differential pressure sensor 50.
D. Observing the synthesis or decomposition of the hydrate
CO is processed by 2 Gas or CH 4 Is sent into a closed loop through a twentieth valve 42, and the experimental temperature is set by a temperature control device arranged on the closed loop to simulate CO 2 Gas or CH 4 In the pipeline transportation process, hydrate is formed due to cooling, and when the temperature is raised, whether a hydrate plunger is formed in the valve and the narrow and long pipeline or not; it can also be used to simulate the chemical removal of hydrate plungers in circulation lines. Finally, the gas-liquid mixture is passed through a thirty-first valve 69 and then passed through a gas-liquid separation structure to test the separation effect under different experimental conditions.
Claims (3)
1. A hydrate evaluation experiment system is characterized by comprising a first gas cylinder (1), a second gas cylinder (2), a flow control device, a flow controller (12), a magnetic stirring container (63), a chemical reagent injection device and a closed loop, wherein,
a first air bottle (1) for storing CH 4 Or a natural gas mixture; the gas outlet of the first gas bottle (1) is connected with a magnetic stirring container (63) through a flow controller (12); a second gas cylinder (2) for storing CO 2 A gas; the gas outlet of the second gas cylinder (2) is connected with a magnetic stirring container (63) through a flow control device;
the flow control device and the flow controller (12) are connected with the magnetic stirring container (63) through a back pressure valve;
the gas outlets of the first gas cylinder (1) and the second gas cylinder (2) are provided with pressure regulating valves (9);
the magnetic stirring container (63) is provided with a chemical reagent injection port which is connected with an outlet of the chemical reagent injection device;
the closed loop is respectively connected with the first gas cylinder (1), the second gas cylinder (2) and the chemical reagent injection device through a twentieth valve (42);
the flow control device comprises a first liquid pool (15), a first piston (18) and a second piston (21), wherein a liquid outlet of the first liquid pool (15) is respectively connected with liquid inlets of the first piston (18) and the second piston (21) through a constant pressure pump (16); the gas outlets of the first piston (18) and the second piston (21) are respectively connected with a magnetic stirring container (63) through a back pressure valve (23) by a seventh valve (19) and a ninth valve (22);
the chemical reagent injection device comprises a second liquid pool (33), a third piston (36) and a fourth piston (39), wherein a liquid outlet of the second liquid pool (33) is connected with a liquid inlet of the third piston (36) and a liquid inlet of the fourth piston (39) respectively through a constant flow pump (34); the chemical reagent outlets of the third piston (36) and the fourth piston (39) are respectively connected with a twenty-first valve (42) through a nineteenth valve (41) by a sixteenth valve (37) and an eighteenth valve (40);
the experimental system also comprises a gas-liquid separation structure, wherein the gas-liquid separation structure comprises a gas-liquid separator (75), and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (75) is connected with an outlet of the magnetic stirring container (63) through a back pressure valve (70) and a twenty-ninth valve (68) in sequence; a top gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (75) is connected with a wet flowmeter (74); the bottom liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (75) is connected with a metering container (77);
the closed loop comprises a third pressure gauge (43), a first thermometer (44), a window (46), a twenty-second valve (49), a differential pressure sensor (50), a twenty-third valve (51), a twenty-fourth valve (52), a twenty-fifth valve (54), a circulating pump (55) and a twenty-sixth valve (56), wherein the outlet of the twenty-third valve (42) is connected with the inlet of the window (46), the outlet of the window (46) is respectively connected with the twenty-second valve (49) and the twenty-fourth valve (52), the outlet of the twenty-second valve (49) is sequentially combined with the outlet of the twenty-fourth valve (52) through the differential pressure sensor (50) and the twenty-third valve (51), and then is respectively connected with the inlets of the twenty-fifth valve (54) and the circulating pump (55), and the outlet of the circulating pump (55) is combined with the outlet of the twenty-fifth valve (54) through the twenty-sixth valve (56), and then is connected with the inlet of the window (46);
the outlets of the first gas cylinder (1) and the second gas cylinder (2) are connected with a high-pressure storage tank (7) through a gas booster pump (5), and the outlets of the high-pressure storage tank (7) are respectively connected with a flow controller (12) and a flow control device;
an air inlet of the gas booster pump is connected with a low-pressure storage tank (26) through a tenth valve (24), and the low-pressure storage tank (26) is connected with an air compressor (25);
the low-pressure storage tank (26) is also connected with a chemical reagent injection device.
2. The hydrate evaluation experiment system according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust device for evacuating, wherein the exhaust device comprises a second seventeenth valve (60), the second seventeenth valve (60) is disposed on the closed loop, an outlet of the second seventeenth valve (60) is connected to a buffer tank (58) and a vacuum pump (57), respectively, and a fourth pressure gauge (59) and a twenty eighth valve (61) are disposed on the buffer tank (58).
3. A hydrate evaluation test method, characterized by being based on a hydrate evaluation test system according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
according to the experimental purposes, the experiment is carried out in the alternative of A, B, C, D cases:
a: when the synthesis of the hydrate is performed without chemical reagents, wherein, the combustible ice is synthesized:
CH to be stored in the first gas bottle (1) 4 Or after the natural gas mixture is pressurized, the natural gas mixture is sent into a magnetic stirring container (63) through a flow controller (12), experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the combustible ice is carried out;
synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
CO to be stored in the second gas cylinder (2) 2 After the gas is pressurized, the gas is directly sent into a magnetic stirring container (63), experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and CO is carried out 2 Synthesizing a hydrate;
b: when the synthesis of hydrates is performed using chemical reagents, wherein combustible ice is synthesized:
CH to be stored in the first gas bottle (1) 4 Or the natural gas mixture is sent into a magnetic stirring container (63) through a flow controller (12) after being pressurized; simultaneously, chemical reagents are injected into the magnetic stirring container (63) by using the chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and the synthesis of the combustible ice is carried out;
synthesis of CO 2 Hydrate:
CO to be stored in the second gas cylinder (2) 2 The gas is directly sent into a magnetic stirring container (63) after being pressurized; simultaneously, chemical reagent is injected into the magnetic stirring container (63) by using the chemical reagent injection device, experimental technological parameters are set according to experimental technological requirements, and CO is carried out 2 Synthesizing a hydrate;
c: testing the chemical reagent:
injecting a chemical reagent required by an experiment into a closed loop through a chemical reagent injection device, setting the flow speed of liquid, and starting a circulating pump to enable the chemical reagent to flow in the closed loop; sensing, by a differential pressure sensor, a differential pressure of the chemical reagent at an inlet and an outlet of a twenty-four valve (52);
d: observing the synthesis or decomposition of the hydrate
CO is processed by 2 Gas or CH 4 Is sent into a closed loop through a twentieth valve (42), and the temperature control device arranged on the closed loop is used for setting the experimental temperature so as to simulate CO 2 Gas or CH 4 In the pipeline transportation process, hydrate is formed due to cooling or pressurizing, and when the temperature is raised or the pressure is increased, whether a hydrate plunger is formed in the valve and the narrow and long pipeline or not; and to simulate the chemical removal of the hydrate plug in the circulation line.
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| CN112108096A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2020-12-22 | 河南理工大学 | Natural gas hydrate synthesis device and method integrating multiple strengthening methods |
| CN112461837A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-09 | 东北石油大学 | Hydrate synthesis and decomposition visual experimental device |
| CN112557624B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2024-07-09 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Experimental method and device for reverse phase deformation evolution law of natural gas hydrate |
| CN114624419B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-10-10 | 广东石油化工学院 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
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