CN103645285A - Visualized natural gas hydrate simulation test device and method - Google Patents
Visualized natural gas hydrate simulation test device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visualized natural gas hydrate simulation test device and a method. The visualized natural gas hydrate simulation test device comprises a high-low temperature test box, a high-pressure reaction kettle, a charging system, a gas pressurizing system, a separation system, an imaging system, a magnetic stirring system and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein the high-pressure reaction kettle is arranged in the high-low temperature test box; the charging system is connected with a charging hole of the high-pressure reaction kettle; the gas pressurizing system is connected with a gas inlet of the high-pressure reaction kettle; the separation system is connected with a gas outlet of the high-pressure reaction kettle; the imaging system is arranged at the upper end of the high-pressure reaction kettle; the magnetic stirring system is arranged in the high-pressure reaction kettle; the data acquisition and processing system is used for monitoring the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure reaction kettle and monitoring the flow of the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the high-pressure reaction kettle. According to the device and the method, the temperature and pressure conditions of a true sea deep well can be simulated, and the internal temperature and pressure of the reaction kettle can be accurately monitored; by the data acquisition of a computer, the thermodynamic change during hydrate generation and decomposition can be monitored in real time, so that the rheological parameters of a drilling fluid are accurately measured. The device is easy to operate and high in measurement accuracy, and can be widely applied to the rheological property measurement process of various drilling fluids.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation test device and method, be specifically related to a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device and method.
Background technology
Ocean deepwater drilling operating environment is severe, and operating conditions is complicated, and one of them is in drilling fluid, easily to form gas hydrate.The existence of gas hydrate has serious threat to drilling safety and completion efficiency, and it not only may stop up annulus access, BOP(preventer) and valve/kill line, the pressure monitor of obstruction oil well, restriction drill string is movable, causes drilling failure.Meanwhile, the formation of gas hydrate can consume the water in drilling fluid, makes heavy metal sedimentation, drilling fluid viscosity is increased, hydraulic performance decline.In addition, when gas hydrate return ground, also can cause danger, even threaten operating personnel's life security, because the gas hydrate of 1m3 can produce the gas of 170m3, when they go out well head, may cause blast and fire.
For the harm of prevent and avoid gas hydrate, need to study in all directions the performance of gas hydrate, comprise the physicochemical property of gas hydrate, the formation and dissociation of hydrate etc.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide generation and the decomposition of the clear observation gas hydrate of a kind of energy, and can be by monitoring the visual gas hydrate simulation test device of the variation prediction Hydrate Formation Conditions of reactor temperature and pressure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device, it is characterized in that, this device comprises: a high-low temperature test chamber, one is arranged on the autoclave in described high-low temperature test chamber, one feed system being connected with the charging aperture of described autoclave, one gas pressurization system being connected with the air intake opening of described autoclave, one piece-rate system being connected with the gas outlet of described autoclave, one is arranged on the imaging system of described autoclave upper end, one is arranged on the magnetic agitation system in described autoclave, and one be used for monitoring the temperature and pressure in described pyroreaction still and monitor the air intake opening of described pyroreaction still and the data Collection & Processing System of place, gas outlet flow.
In a preferred embodiment, described feed system is mainly comprised of high-pressure nitrogen bottle, drilling fluid storage tank, pressure regulator valve and gas drive liquid inlet valve; Described high-pressure nitrogen bottle is connected with one end of described drilling fluid storage tank, and centre is provided with described pressure regulator valve; The other end of described drilling fluid storage tank is connected with the charging aperture of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described gas drive liquid inlet valve.
In a preferred embodiment, described gas pressurization system is mainly comprised of methane/natural gas cylinder, gas boosting pump, high-pressure buffering pot, pressure monitoring table and gas access valve; Described methane/natural gas cylinder is connected with the inlet end of described gas boosting pump, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table; The outlet side of described gas boosting pump is connected with the inlet end of described high-pressure buffering pot, and the outlet side of described high-pressure buffering pot is connected with the air intake opening of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table and gas inlet valve.
In a preferred embodiment, described autoclave comprises the reactor cylindrical shell of an open top, base seal, is provided with the charging aperture, air intake opening, discharging opening and the gas outlet that are connected with its internal cavity on the sidewall of described reactor cylindrical shell; The bottom of described reactor cylindrical shell offers a through hole, the below of this through hole arranges a bottom gland bonnet, the stirring-head of described magnetic agitation system penetrates described reactor inner barrel by this through hole after covering through described lower seal, and by described lower seal, covering the sealing that realizes described reactor cylinder body bottom, the drive part of described magnetic agitation system is fixed on the bottom of described high-low temperature test chamber; The top of described reactor cylindrical shell arranges the top seal lid of a hollow, the top form that is tightly connected vertically in described top seal lid, and described imaging system is arranged on the top of described top seal lid; The discharging opening place of described reactor cylindrical shell is provided with a liquid outlet valve.
In a preferred embodiment, on the sidewall of described reactor cylindrical shell, be provided with bar shaped form, and described bar shaped form arranged outside there is cold light source; Described top seal lid adopts screw type quick-opening structure.
In a preferred embodiment, described piece-rate system comprises a separation vessel and gas outlet valve, and the inlet end of described separation vessel is connected with the gas outlet of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described gas vent valve.
In a preferred embodiment, described data Collection & Processing System comprises and is arranged on temperature sensor and pressure transducer in described autoclave, be arranged on the flow controller between described methane/natural gas cylinder and described gas boosting pump, be arranged on the flowmeter at the place, outlet side of described separation vessel, and the computing machine being electrically connected to described imaging system, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, flow controller and flowmeter.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature in described high-low temperature test chamber can regulate arbitrarily between-40-50 ℃.
A visual gas hydrate simulation experiment method that adopts said apparatus to carry out, it comprises the following steps:
1) existing that drilling fluid is deployed before operation, open drilling fluid storage tank top plug liquid is poured in container, and by plug good seal;
2) open computing machine, be opened to data acquisition page establishment numbering, start record data;
3) open high pressure nitrogen bottle valve and pressure regulator valve is transferred to 1.2MPa left and right, then opening gas drive liquid inlet valve liquid is slowly injected in autoclave, and regulate pressure according to rare denseness of liquid, generally between 0.5～1MPa; When filling liquid volume approaches autoclave one half volume, close gas drive liquid inlet valve, simultaneously closing pressure-regulating valve and high pressure nitrogen bottle valve;
4) open methane/natural gas cylinder valve and jump precipice to 2MPa left and right, then repeat following operation 2～3 times: open gas access valve methane/rock gas is injected in autoclave, close again gas access valve, open gas vent valve, autoclave internal pressure is fallen after balance, close gas vent valve and again gas access valve is opened, again methane/rock gas is injected in autoclave, again gas vent valve is opened, autoclave internal pressure is fallen after balance, close gas vent valve;
5) Computer display autoclave internal pressure is opened gas boosting pump after stablizing by the time, pumps into methane/rock gas to set pressure, between general 10～35MPa in autoclave; By the time pressure is closed supercharge pump switch and gas inlet valve after reaching;
6), after standing a period of time, open high-low temperature test chamber and magnetic agitation system, and make low-temperature test chamber inside reach design temperature, generally at 2～3 ℃; The pressure of computer recording temperature-fall period, temperature and fluctuations in discharge, open hydrate in imaging system Real-Time Monitoring autoclave simultaneously and generate and decomposition situation;
7) open gas vent valve after by the time having reacted, mixed gas enters separation vessel and carries out separation; By the time Pressure Drop, to balance, is opened the liquid outlet valve of discharging opening, waits after dried liquid stream, closes gas vent valve and liquid outlet valve;
8) open the top seal lid of autoclave, take out after reactant, top seal lid is tightened to pending test operation next time.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, autoclave of the present invention is provided with top form, imaging system by cold light source irradiate can clear monitoring reactor in hydrate generate and decomposition situation.2, the present invention, owing to being provided with magnetic agitation system in autoclave body, had both guaranteed the sealing of reactor, also can make the mobility of drilling fluid in reactor, can carry out Dynamic Water compound pilot production.3, the present invention is owing to being provided with temperature and pressure sensor at autoclave body, and the temperature and pressure in can precise monitoring reactor, and carry out data acquisition by computing machine can be monitored constantly the thermodynamics of hydrate when generating and decomposing and be changed.The present invention can Reality simulation ocean deepwater well Temperature-pressure Conditions, thereby measure more accurately the rheological parameter of drilling fluid.The present invention is simple to operate, and accuracy of measurement is high, and it can be widely used in the rheological measurement process of all kinds of drilling fluids.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is carried out to detailed describing.Yet only providing in order to understand better the present invention of accompanying drawing is provided, they not should be understood to limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is overall flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of reactor one side of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reactor opposite side of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, visual gas hydrate simulation test device of the present invention is mainly comprised of feed system 1, gas pressurization system 2, autoclave 3, high-low temperature test chamber 4, imaging system 5, magnetic agitation system 6, piece-rate system 7 and data Collection & Processing System 8.Wherein, feed system 1 is connected with the charging aperture of autoclave 3, and gas pressurization system 2 is connected with the air intake opening of autoclave 3, and the gas outlet of autoclave 3 is connected with piece-rate system 7.Autoclave 3 is arranged in high-low temperature test chamber 4, and imaging system 5 is arranged on autoclave 3 upper ends, and magnetic agitation system 6 is arranged in autoclave 3.
As shown in Figure 1, feed system 1 is mainly comprised of high-pressure nitrogen bottle 11, drilling fluid storage tank 12, pressure regulator valve 13 and gas drive liquid inlet valve 14.High-pressure nitrogen bottle 11 is connected with one end of drilling fluid storage tank 12, and centre is provided with pressure regulator valve 13; The other end of drilling fluid storage tank 12 is connected with the charging aperture of autoclave 3, and centre is provided with gas drive liquid inlet valve 14.
Gas pressurization system 2 is mainly comprised of methane/natural gas cylinder 21, gas boosting pump 22, high-pressure buffering pot 23, pressure monitoring table 24 and gas access valve 25.Methane/natural gas cylinder 21 is connected with the inlet end of gas boosting pump 22, and centre is provided with pressure monitoring table 24; The outlet side of gas boosting pump 22 is connected with the inlet end of high-pressure buffering pot 23, and the outlet side of high-pressure buffering pot 23 is connected with the air intake opening of autoclave 3, and centre is provided with pressure monitoring table 24 and gas inlet valve 25.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, autoclave 3 comprises the reactor cylindrical shell 31 of an open top, base seal, is provided with the charging aperture, air intake opening, discharging opening and the gas outlet that are connected with its internal cavity on the sidewall of reactor cylindrical shell 31.The bottom of reactor cylindrical shell 31 offers a through hole, the below of this through hole arranges a bottom gland bonnet 32, the stirring-head of magnetic agitation system 6 penetrates reactor cylindrical shell 31 inside by this through hole after covering 32 through lower seal, and the sealing of covering 32 realization response kettle barrel 31 bottoms by lower seal, the drive part of magnetic agitation system 6 is fixed on the bottom of high-low temperature test chamber 4.The top of reactor cylindrical shell 31 arranges the top seal lid 33 of a hollow, a top form 34 is vertically tightly connected in top seal lid 33, imaging system 5 is arranged on the top of top seal lid 33, to generate and decomposition situation by the interior hydrate of top form 34 monitoring autoclave 3.The discharging opening place of reactor cylindrical shell 31 is also provided with a liquid outlet valve 35(as shown in Figure 1).
In a preferred embodiment, be provided with bar shaped form 36 on the sidewall of reactor cylindrical shell 31, bar shaped form 36 arranged outside have cold light source 37, like this can the interior performance of more clear autoclave 3 by the irradiation imaging system 5 of cold light source 37.
In a preferred embodiment, top seal lid 33 adopts screw type quick-opening structure, thereby dismounting top seal covers 33 easily.
As shown in Figure 1, piece-rate system 7 comprises a separation vessel 71 and gas outlet valve 72, and the inlet end of separation vessel 7 is connected with the gas outlet of autoclave 3, and centre is provided with gas vent valve 72.
Data Collection & Processing System 8 comprises and is arranged on the interior temperature sensor 81 of autoclave 3 and pressure transducer 82, be arranged on the flow controller 83 between methane/natural gas cylinder 21 and gas boosting pump 22, be arranged on the flowmeter 84 at the place, outlet side of separation vessel 71, and the computing machine 85 being electrically connected to imaging system 5, temperature sensor 81, pressure transducer 82, flow controller 83 and flowmeter 84.Temperature and pressure in temperature sensor 81 and the main monitoring pyroreaction of pressure transducer 82 still 3, the flow of flow controller 83 and the main monitoring air intake opening of flowmeter 84 and gas outlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature in high-low temperature test chamber 4 can regulate arbitrarily between-40-50 ℃.
The visual gas hydrate simulation test device providing according to above-described embodiment, the invention allows for a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation experiment method, and it comprises the following steps:
1) existing that drilling fluid is deployed before operation, open drilling fluid storage tank 12 top plugs and pour liquid in container (generally adding to 1.5L left and right is advisable), and by plug good seal;
2) open computing machine 84, be opened to data acquisition page establishment numbering, start record data;
3) open high-pressure nitrogen bottle 11 valves and pressure regulator valve 13 is transferred to 1.2MPa left and right, then opening gas drive liquid inlet valve 14 liquid is slowly injected in autoclave 3, and regulate pressure according to rare denseness of drilling fluid, generally between 0.5～1MPa; When filling liquid volume approaches autoclave 3 one half volume, close gas drive liquid inlet valve 14, simultaneously closing pressure-regulating valve 13 and high-pressure nitrogen bottle 11 valves;
4) open methane/natural gas cylinder 21 valves and jump precipice to 2MPa left and right, then opening gas access valve 25 injects methane/rock gas in autoclave 3, close again gas access valve 25, open gas vent valve 72, autoclave 3 internal pressures are fallen after balance, close gas vent valve 72 and again gas access valve 25 is opened, again methane/rock gas is injected in autoclave 3, again gas vent valve 72 is opened, autoclave 3 internal pressures are fallen after balance, close gas vent valve 72.Repeat operation 2～3 times, available methane/rock gas is driven away clean by the interior air of autoclave 3 as far as possible;
5) computing machine 85 demonstration autoclave 3 internal pressures are opened gas boosting pump 22 after stablizing by the time, pump into methane/rock gas to set pressure, between general 10～35MPa in autoclave 3; By the time pressure is closed supercharge pump 22 and gas inlet valve 25 after reaching;
6) after standing a period of time, open high-low temperature test chamber 4 and magnetic agitation system 6, and make low-temperature test chamber 4 inside reach design temperature, generally at 2～3 ℃ of computing machines 85, record pressure, temperature and the fluctuations in discharge of temperature-fall period, open the interior hydrate of imaging system 5 Real-Time Monitoring autoclave 3 simultaneously and generate and decomposition situation;
7) open gas vent valve after by the time having reacted, mixed gas enters separation vessel 71 and carries out separation; By the time Pressure Drop, to balance, is opened the liquid outlet valve 35 of discharging opening, waits after dried liquid stream, closes gas vent valve 72 and liquid outlet valve 35;
8) open the top seal lid 33 of autoclave 3, take out after reactant, top seal lid 33 is tightened to pending test operation next time.
The various embodiments described above are only for further describing object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (10)
1. a visual gas hydrate simulation test device, is characterized in that, this device comprises:
One high-low temperature test chamber,
One is arranged on the autoclave in described high-low temperature test chamber,
One feed system being connected with the charging aperture of described autoclave,
One gas pressurization system being connected with the air intake opening of described autoclave,
One piece-rate system being connected with the gas outlet of described autoclave,
One is arranged on the imaging system of described autoclave upper end,
One is arranged on the magnetic agitation system in described autoclave, and
One is used for monitoring the temperature and pressure in described pyroreaction still and monitors the air intake opening of described pyroreaction still and the data Collection & Processing System of place, gas outlet flow.
2. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described feed system is mainly comprised of high-pressure nitrogen bottle, drilling fluid storage tank, pressure regulator valve and gas drive liquid inlet valve; Described high-pressure nitrogen bottle is connected with one end of described drilling fluid storage tank, and centre is provided with described pressure regulator valve; The other end of described drilling fluid storage tank is connected with the charging aperture of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described gas drive liquid inlet valve.
3. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas pressurization system is mainly comprised of methane/natural gas cylinder, gas boosting pump, high-pressure buffering pot, pressure monitoring table and gas access valve; Described methane/natural gas cylinder is connected with the inlet end of described gas boosting pump, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table; The outlet side of described gas boosting pump is connected with the inlet end of described high-pressure buffering pot, and the outlet side of described high-pressure buffering pot is connected with the air intake opening of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table and gas inlet valve.
4. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described gas pressurization system is mainly comprised of methane/natural gas cylinder, gas boosting pump, high-pressure buffering pot, pressure monitoring table and gas access valve; Described methane/natural gas cylinder is connected with the inlet end of described gas boosting pump, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table; The outlet side of described gas boosting pump is connected with the inlet end of described high-pressure buffering pot, and the outlet side of described high-pressure buffering pot is connected with the air intake opening of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described pressure monitoring table and gas inlet valve.
5. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described autoclave comprises the reactor cylindrical shell of an open top, base seal, is provided with the charging aperture, air intake opening, discharging opening and the gas outlet that are connected with its internal cavity on the sidewall of described reactor cylindrical shell; The bottom of described reactor cylindrical shell offers a through hole, the below of this through hole arranges a bottom gland bonnet, the stirring-head of described magnetic agitation system penetrates described reactor inner barrel by this through hole after covering through described lower seal, and by described lower seal, covering the sealing that realizes described reactor cylinder body bottom, the drive part of described magnetic agitation system is fixed on the bottom of described high-low temperature test chamber; The top of described reactor cylindrical shell arranges the top seal lid of a hollow, the top form that is tightly connected vertically in described top seal lid, and described imaging system is arranged on the top of described top seal lid; The discharging opening place of described reactor cylindrical shell is provided with a liquid outlet valve.
6. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, is provided with bar shaped form on the sidewall of described reactor cylindrical shell, and described bar shaped form arranged outside has cold light source; Described top seal lid adopts screw type quick-opening structure.
7. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6, it is characterized in that, described piece-rate system comprises a separation vessel and gas outlet valve, the inlet end of described separation vessel is connected with the gas outlet of described autoclave, and centre is provided with described gas vent valve.
8. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described data Collection & Processing System comprises and is arranged on temperature sensor and pressure transducer in described autoclave, be arranged on the flow controller between described methane/natural gas cylinder and described gas boosting pump, be arranged on the flowmeter at the place, outlet side of described separation vessel, and the computing machine being electrically connected to described imaging system, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, flow controller and flowmeter.
9. a kind of visual gas hydrate simulation test device as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, the temperature in described high-low temperature test chamber can regulate arbitrarily between-40-50 ℃.
10. the employing visual gas hydrate simulation experiment method that device carries out as described in claim 1 to 9 any one, it comprises the following steps:
1) existing that drilling fluid is deployed before operation, open drilling fluid storage tank top plug liquid is poured in container, and by plug good seal;
2) open computing machine, be opened to data acquisition page establishment numbering, start record data;
3) open high pressure nitrogen bottle valve and pressure regulator valve is transferred to 1.2MPa left and right, then opening gas drive liquid inlet valve liquid is slowly injected in autoclave, and regulate pressure according to rare denseness of liquid, generally between 0.5～1MPa; When filling liquid volume approaches autoclave one half volume, close gas drive liquid inlet valve, simultaneously closing pressure-regulating valve and high pressure nitrogen bottle valve;
4) open methane/natural gas cylinder valve and jump precipice to 2MPa left and right, then repeat following operation 2～3 times: open gas access valve methane/rock gas is injected in autoclave, close again gas access valve, open gas vent valve, autoclave internal pressure is fallen after balance, close gas vent valve and again gas access valve is opened, again methane/rock gas is injected in autoclave, again gas vent valve is opened, autoclave internal pressure is fallen after balance, close gas vent valve;
5) Computer display autoclave internal pressure is opened gas boosting pump after stablizing by the time, pumps into methane/rock gas to set pressure, between general 10～35MPa in autoclave; By the time pressure is closed supercharge pump switch and gas inlet valve after reaching;
6), after standing a period of time, open high-low temperature test chamber and magnetic agitation system, and make low-temperature test chamber inside reach design temperature, generally at 2～3 ℃; The pressure of computer recording temperature-fall period, temperature and fluctuations in discharge, open hydrate in imaging system Real-Time Monitoring autoclave simultaneously and generate and decomposition situation;
7) open gas vent valve after by the time having reacted, mixed gas enters separation vessel and carries out separation; By the time Pressure Drop, to balance, is opened the liquid outlet valve of discharging opening, waits after dried liquid stream, closes gas vent valve and liquid outlet valve;
8) open the top seal lid of autoclave, take out after reactant, top seal lid is tightened to pending test operation next time.
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