CN108226162A - Hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system and method in sieve - Google Patents
Hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system and method in sieve Download PDFInfo
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- CN108226162A CN108226162A CN201810196986.2A CN201810196986A CN108226162A CN 108226162 A CN108226162 A CN 108226162A CN 201810196986 A CN201810196986 A CN 201810196986A CN 108226162 A CN108226162 A CN 108226162A
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Abstract
The present invention proposes hydrate generation laws for plugging Visual evaluation system and its test method in a kind of sieve, and the experimental system of the secondary generation of hydrate, enrichment and laws for plugging includes in the sieve mesh sheet：Reaction kettle, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, high-speed camera and digital sampling and processing etc..The test method is based on above system, by adjusting cooling mode, control Temperature-pressure Conditions, gas liquid ratio condition, simulate the three-dimensional plate that the secondary generation of hydrate in sieve mesh sheet blocks, this system can for for (vertical well, horizontal well or multiple-limb hole) shaft bottom sieve control sand under the conditions of exploitation of gas hydrates well difference casing programme add skin factor calculate and precisely decompression temperature control scheme formulation basic data is provided, the sand management system for exploitation of gas hydrates well provides strong support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to exploitation of gas hydrates fields, are related to shaft bottom mechanical picker tubing in the hydrate recovery process of ocean
Filter medium clogging causes hydrate well capacity to decline degree evaluation technique direction, and in particular to screen casing net under a kind of practical mining conditions
The evaluation system and method for the secondary generation laws for plugging of hydrate in piece.
Background technology
The a large amount of natural gas hydrate resources of China surrounding sea areas preservation, success exploitation of gas hydrate resource will help
In improvement China's energy resource structure.China in 2017 has carried out in the shale flour sand type reservoir of South Sea Shenhu sea area schedules to last 60d's
Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas pilot production for the first time obtains the tired gas production of 30.9 ten thousand sides, obtains aerogenesis duration and tired gas production two
Item physical record makes China be developed in international competition in natural gas hydrate resources and maintains the leading position.
Constantly carrying out and deepening continuously to pilot production phenomenon understanding with pilot production, it is found by the applicant that some are not examined originally
The engineeriing geological phenomenon considered already causes very big puzzlement to the industrialization process of gas hydrates.Such as control sand medium
Performance analysis, secondary generation of hydrate etc. in stratum and pipeline.Applicant further studies discovery：Natural gas is hydrated
The increase that sand sieve pipe adds skin factor, the not only blocking due to shale particle are controlled in object recovery process, it is often more important that
Under the conditions of a constant pressure drop, aerogenesis production water and bottom hole temperature (BHT), the particularly secondary generation of screen surface hydrate of sand sieve pipe surface is controlled
The raising of caused parasitic pressure drop.
The conventional evaluation method for production capacity being caused to influence about control sand medium, the main blocking for considering shale particle, this method
Can not meet the needs of exploitation of gas hydrates well risk assessment completely；Screen casing blocks risk, blocks up in hydrate recovery well
Feeler gauge is restrained and its evaluation that production capacity influences must be considered folded of both shale blocking and the secondary generation blocking of hydrate
Add effect.Wherein the former can use for reference the evaluation method that shale blocks in conventional gas and oil, but the latter is exploitation of gas hydrates
The exclusive new problem of well is both at home and abroad at present blank to this research.Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is exactly to propose a kind of sieve
Middle hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation device and method, to solve current exploitation of gas hydrates well shaft bottom screen casing
The faced bottleneck of evaluation.
Invention content
It is of the invention to cause the evaluation method of production capacity influence that meet natural gas about control sand medium for conventional at present
The demand of hydrate recovery well risk assessment provides one kind and visually, for observing in real time controls sand sieve pipe sieve mesh sheet both sides
The experimental provision and method of the secondary generation of hydrate, enrichment and laws for plugging, so as to be exploitation of gas hydrates well difference well
(vertical well, horizontal well or multiple-limb hole) shaft bottom sieve control sand adds skin factor and calculates and be precisely depressured control under the conditions of body structure
The formulation of warm scheme provides basic data, and the sand management system for exploitation of gas hydrates well provides strong support.
The present invention is realized using following technical solution：
The present invention proposes hydrate generation laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in a kind of sieve, including：Reaction kettle, installation
In cryostat on runing rest, including sapphire autoclave body, in autoclave body screen assemblies and mounted on autoclave body both ends
Outlet end cap and inlet cap, two end cap outside are all connected with high-pressure metal pipe；Gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, arrival end pass through circulating pump
It is connected to the entrance of reaction kettle outlet end cap, middle part connection water supply pump and methane gas cylinder, port of export connection vacuum pump and reaction kettle
End cap, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe are mounted in closed low temperature water bath, and it is anti-that high-speed camera is mounted on face inside cryostat
The position of kettle is answered, to capture video data in sapphire autoclave body, obtains when the secondary generation of hydrate in sieve blocks generation and sieves
The flow pattern situation of change that net week is enclosed；Digital sampling and processing, to acquire circulating pump pump speed data, gas liquid ratio, system
Temperature, pressure and high-speed camera video data are simultaneously handled.
Further, the screen assemblies include sieve mesh sheet, sieve mesh sheet stent, and the sieve mesh sheet is real well bottom
Sieve used in screen casing, sieve mesh sheet are mounted on sieve mesh sheet stent, in long tubular, whole horizontal, the sieve mesh sheet branch
Frame includes circular screen mesh stent bottom plate, screen frame connector and the 6-10 rib positioned at same cylindrical surface, the rib one
End is fixed on circular screen mesh stent bottom plate, and another section is fixed on screen frame connector, the diameter of the screen frame bottom plate
The diameter of equivalent outlet end cap outside high pressure metal tube.
Further, the inside connection loudspeaker of the reaction kettle inlet cap enter head piece, this enters head piece and includes loudspeaker outer lining
With loudspeaker liner, between be interference fitted using sealing bearing connection, bearing outer rim and outer lining inner edge, bearing inner edge is fixed with connection
Cock, the connection cock are a conical surface bloom, connection cock and loudspeaker liner upper weld, and connection cock is internally provided with spiral
The runner of distribution, runner exit are being connected in connection cock side wall, entrance above cock.
Further, the loudspeaker liner lower edge outer diameter is identical with the diameter of screen frame bottom plate, the inlet cap and
Pressure tap is had on high-pressure metal pipe outside outlet end cap, connects difference gauge between the two, the pressure tap on inlet cap
It being deep into the middle part of reaction kettle by pressure guiding pipe, the gas-liquid delivery coil outlets end connects vacuum pump by three-dimensional conversion valve,
In addition, water-bath refrigerating cabinet is further included to cool down to the closed low temperature water bath.
Further, sapphire autoclave body the internal diameter 30mm, length 150mm；The sieve netting length is
100mm, a diameter of 20mm of screen frame bottom plate；The gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is closing the effective length in low temperature water bath as 30m.
It is of the invention in addition also to propose that hydrate generates laws for plugging visual evaluating method in a kind of sieve, including walking as follows
Suddenly：
(1) simulation well type is determined, the well type simulated according to actual needs (vertical well, horizontal well or inclined shaft) determines sieve
Reaction kettle inclination angle needed for the experiment of middle Hydrate Plugging Simulation evaluation, be sequentially connected reaction kettle, vacuum pump, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe,
Methane gas cylinder, water supply pump, circulating pump, water-bath refrigerating cabinet and data acquisition module；
(2) it vacuumizes, whole system is vacuumized；
(3) gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is pressurized, and quantitative methane gas and quantitative is injected into coil pipe according to the gas-water ratio of setting
Water, and it is pressurized to setup pressure value；
(4) suck-back recycles, and makes the air-water mixture in gas-liquid delivery coil pipe sucting reaction kettle, Ran Houkai under suction function
Circulating pump is opened, determines pumping frequency cycle；
(5) start acquisition, cooling simulation：With step (4) synchronously, determine to acquire high-speed camera in real time in pumping frequency cyclic process
Machine video image, pressure difference, temperature, pressure change with time；Start water-bath refrigerating cabinet and cryostat, set identical temperature
Angle value slowly cools down to system, and observation screen surface hydrate starts the critical temperature condition value that enrichment is formed；
(6) cooling mode is selected, blocks simulation：With step (4) synchronously, first is injected in proportion into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe
Alkane gas and water maintain pressure in preset value, when temperature condition reaches the stagnation temperature that screen surface hydrate starts enrichment and formed
When spending condition value, constant temperature persistent loop is selected according to actual demand and continues slow cooling cycle both of which, observes constant temperature
Change with time rule or constant temperature of Hydrate Plugging rule reduces hydrate in environment lower screen cloth in degree condition lower screen cloth
It is enriched with laws for plugging；
(7) preset pressure value and gas liquid ratio, circulating analog are adjusted：The preset pressure value of adjustment system or gas liquid ratio condition,
Repeat step (2) to step (6), obtained by test of many times with temperature, pressure, gas-water ratio be respectively reference axis sieve in water
Close the critical condition three of hydrate enrichment blocking to a certain extent in the secondary generation critical condition distributed in three dimensions plate of object and sieve
Dimension distribution plate；
(8) stop simulation：When the pressure differential of sieve both sides promotes 10 times or more of high initial pressure difference, stop real
It tests.
Further, when determining the flow pattern stabilization that pumping frequency is recycled in entire pipeline in the step (3), continue to mix to gas-liquid
Methane gas, water filling are noted in defeated coil pipe, is made up due to gas-liquid delivery coil pipe pressure reduction caused by reaction kettle suck-back.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
The present invention can the generation of gas hydrates under different temperature and pressure-flow operating modes in visual observation screen media,
Enrichment condition, and can by carry out simulating lab test establish hydrate it is secondary generation cause shaft bottom control sand medium add epidermis
The computation model of coefficient response pattern provides foundation for the evaluation of exploitation of gas hydrates well control sand medium production capacity affecting laws,
For the secondary exploitation of gas hydrates well shaft bottom for being generated as one of optimization aim of hydrate in screen casing to be prevented to be depressured scheme
Formulation provides help.
The present invention passes through on the multi-layer structure design and sieve mesh sheet stent bottom plate of sieve mesh sheet and reaction kettle outlet end cap
High-pressure metal pipe between equal diameter design, make the pressure differential of the reaction kettle measured in experimentation entrance-outlet can
To be approximately considered the pressure difference for the sieve mesh sheet both sides for being actual measurement, the difficulty in sapphire autoclave body surface drilling pressure measurement is effectively prevented
Point.
Loudspeaker of the present invention enter the structure design of head piece, and the gas-liquid two-phase fluid on the one hand avoiding flowing into is to sieve mesh sheet stent
Direct impact, the sealing between effective protection reaction kettle and sieve mesh sheet stent, another reverse side more importantly promotes gas-liquid two
Mutually stream is flowed into perpendicular to sieve mesh sheet inside sieve, is formed simulation radial flow, is simulated true shaft bottom mobility status as far as possible.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation schematic device in sieve described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sieve Hydrate Plugging simulation reaction kettle schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is screen assemblies structure diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is screen assemblies lateral structure schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 becomes a mandarin mouth structure schematic diagram for loudspeaker described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 enters head piece overlooking the structure diagram for loudspeaker described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is connects tap structure schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Hydrate generates laws for plugging analogy method flow chart in sieve described in Fig. 8 embodiment of the present invention.
In above each figure：1st, sieve Hydrate Plugging simulation reaction kettle；2nd, cryostat；3rd, vacuum pump；4th, it is closed low
Warm water bath cabinet；5th, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe；6th, methane gas cylinder；7th, water-bath refrigerating cabinet；8th, water supply pump；9th, circulating pump；10th, high-speed camera
Machine；11st, data acquisition module；12nd, reaction kettle inlet cap；13rd, sapphire autoclave body；14th, jointing clip；15th, reaction kettle exports
End cap；16th, high-pressure metal pipe；17th, high-pressure hose；18th, runing rest；19th, loudspeaker enter head piece；20th, sieve mesh sheet；21st, it seals
Cushion rubber；22nd, sieve mesh sheet stent rib；23rd, screen frame bottom plate；24th, screen frame connector；25th, cock is connected；26th, impulse
Pipe；19-1, loudspeaker enter head piece connection screw thread；19-2, loudspeaker outer lining；19-3, loudspeaker liner；19-3-1, loudspeaker liner water conservancy diversion stream
Road；19-3-2, loudspeaker liner lower edge；19-3-3-loudspeaker liner upper bearing；20-1, connection cock inner flow passage；25-1, company
Connect cock inner flow passage；F1, F2, F3, F4, high-pressure ball valve；FC1, three-dimensional conversion ball valve；T1, temperature point；P1, P2, pressure are surveyed
Point.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implement
The present invention will be further described for example.
Embodiment one, the present embodiment propose hydrate generation laws for plugging Visual evaluation system, reference in a kind of sieve
Fig. 1, including reaction kettle 1, vacuum pump 3, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe 5, methane gas cylinder 6, water supply pump 8, circulating pump 9, water-bath refrigerating cabinet 7,
High-speed camera 10 and data acquisition module 11.
With reference to figure 2 and Fig. 3, reaction kettle includes：Sapphire autoclave body 13, reaction kettle inlet cap 12, jointing clip 14, reaction
Kettle outlet end cap 15, runing rest 18, loudspeaker enter head piece 19, screen assemblies, sealing rubber ring 21, sieve mesh sheet stent and phase therewith
The high-pressure metal pipe 16 of connection and high-pressure hose 17.Sapphire autoclave body 13 is used with reaction kettle inlet cap 12, outlet end cap 15
The dual-seal of end part seal cushion rubber and side wall sealing rubber ring, reaction kettle inlet cap 12 and outlet end cap 15 pass through metal pull bar
Formula jointing clip 14 is connected and is fixed；12 outside of reaction kettle inlet cap cutting ferrule pressure cap connection high-pressure metal pipe 16, inside connects
It connects loudspeaker and enters head piece 19；15 outside of reaction kettle outlet end cap connects high-pressure metal pipe 16, the reaction kettle port of export by sealing rubber ring
15 inside connection of lid and the isodiametric sieve mesh sheet stent of high-pressure metal pipe, one or more layers sieve is wrapped up in sieve mesh sheet stent periphery
Net mesh sheet；Entire reaction kettle is mounted on runing rest, and runing rest can adjust the angle of reaction kettle according to actual demand, make
Can be carried out simulated experiment in arbitrary inclination.
The arrival end of gas-liquid delivery coil pipe 5 is sequentially connected circulating pump 9 and reaction kettle outlet end cap 15 by high-pressure hose 17
On high-pressure metal pipe 16, the middle part of gas-liquid delivery coil pipe 5 passes through high-pressure ball valve and connects water supply pump 8 and methane gas cylinder 6, gas respectively
The port of export that liquid mixes defeated coil pipe 5 passes through the high pressure on the inlet cap 12 of three-dimensional conversion ball valve FC1 connections vacuum pump 3 and reaction kettle
Metal tube 16, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe 5 are mounted in closed low temperature water bath 4.
As shown in Figure 1, high-speed camera 10 is mounted on the position of 2 inside face reaction kettle of cryostat, to capture
Video data in sapphire autoclave body.Digital sampling and processing 11, to acquire circulating pump pump speed data, gas liquid ratio, system temperature
Degree T1, pressure P1, P2 and high-speed camera video data are simultaneously handled.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, including sieve mesh sheet 20, which is mounted on sieve to the present embodiment screen assemblies
In long tubular on mesh sheet stent, whole horizontal, sieve mesh sheet stent includes circular screen mesh stent bottom plate 23, screen frame connector 24
And 6 ribs 22 (specific item number is fixed according to actual needs) positioned at same cylindrical surface, 22 one end of rib is fixed on circular screen
On net stent bottom plate 23, another section is fixed on screen frame connector 24, and the diameter of screen frame bottom plate 23 is equal to outlet end cap
The diameter of outside high pressure metal tube 16.Wherein screen frame bottom plate 23 is steel sheet, and screen frame connector 24 is and sieve branch
23 isodiametric steel ring of frame bottom plate, connect with reaction kettle outlet end cap 15.Sieve mesh sheet 20, sieve are wound on sieve mesh sheet stent
The winding number of turns of the mesh sheet 20 on sieve mesh sheet stent is determined according to the screen casing number of plies used in practical hydrate recovery well.This reality
Apply a screen frame bottom plate 23 and the 16 isometrical design of outlet end cap outside high pressure metal tube so that gas-liquid mixture is in flow process
In reduce reducing throttle effect, therefore reduce gas-liquid from sieve mesh sheet internal stent flow to high-pressure metal pipe when flowing resistance
Power, at the same avoid outlet end cap stretch into pressure guiding pipe to during sieve mesh sheet internal stent caused by the flowing in narrow space not
Profit influences, therefore the pressure that can be approximately considered the reaction kettle port of export is equal to the average pressure of sieve mesh sheet internal stent, and sieves
Pressure on the outside of net mesh sheet is approximately equal to the pressure inside reaction kettle inlet cap.Therefore, long tubular is installed using the principle
The pressure differences of screen assemblies both sides be converted into the pressure difference at reaction kettle entrance both ends, effectively reduce and pressure measured in conventional design
Error between difference and the practical true pressure difference in sieve both sides.
With reference to figure 5 to Fig. 7, the present embodiment loudspeaker enter head piece 19 for typical " two floors " formula structure, in shape as
The loudspeaker of two placements that gather into folds.Including loudspeaker outer lining 19-2 and loudspeaker liner 19-3, loudspeaker liner lower edge 19-3-2 outer diameters with
The diameter of screen frame bottom plate 23 is identical, is connected between loudspeaker outer lining 19-2 and loudspeaker liner 19-3 using sealing bearing 19-3-3
It connects, bearing outer rim is interference fitted and fixes with outer lining inner edge, and bearing inner edge is fixed with connecting cock 25, and connection cock 25 is a cone
Face bloom, connection cock 25 are connect with liner upper weld, and the inner flow passage 25-1 with Spiral distribution is contained inside connection cock,
Runner exit is being connected in connection cock side wall, entrance right over cock.Lining setting Spiral distribution from top to down in loudspeaker
Water conservancy diversion runner 19-3-1.After the fluid in top high-pressure metal pipe 16 enters connection cock inner flow passage 25-1, in centrifugal force
The lower drive loudspeaker liner 19-9 of effect is rotated, and fluid is dumped into water conservancy diversion runner 19-3-1 after inner flow passage 25-1 outflows,
Then it is thrown toward reaction kettle internal edge again.The present embodiment connection bearing is conical surface bearing 19-3-3, with loudspeaker outer lining 19-2 mistakes
It is full of cooperation.During actual experiment, when gas-liquid two-phase, which flows through high-pressure metal pipe, to be entered inside reaction kettle, connection rotation is initially entered
Plug 25, due to connection cock 25 and loudspeaker liner 19-3 the Spiral distribution runner that contain direction opposite, high-speed gas-liquid mixing
Stream meeting band dynamic bearing 19-3-3 inner edges, connection cock 25 and loudspeaker liner 19-3 high speed rotations, but loudspeaker outer lining 19-2 and axis
It holds outer rim then to remain static, be sufficiently mixed gas-liquid by rotation and be thrown toward outer rim inside reaction kettle, get rid of to reaction kettle
The fluid-mixing of internal outer rim again radially to the sieve net product component flow in reaction kettle center when, be formed mould naturally
Pseudoradial flow.Therefore, loudspeaker enter the special designing of head piece and special connection structure ensure that gas-liquid be sufficiently mixed and screen casing outside
Enclose the simulation of radial flow flowing.
During pressure measurement, the loudspeaker of reaction kettle arrival end enter under head piece turning effort, the pressure instability of real reaction kettle arrival end
It is fixed, it is impossible to represent the true average pressure outside practical sieve mesh sheet.With reference to figure 2, the present embodiment is in inlet cap 12 and outlet
Pressure tap is had on high-pressure metal pipe 16 outside end cap 15, connects difference gauge between the two, for inlet cap, increases by one
A metal tube forms pressure pressure tap P2, directly measures the pressure of the outer middle side part of sieve as pressure guiding pipe 26 to reaction kettle middle part
Value, it is the average value of sieve outside pressure that can approximately think the value, is 360 ° omni-directional since sieve exterior space is larger
It flows into, therefore without worrying that pressure guiding pipe is influenced caused by Liquid Flow.But for sieve inside, since sieve itself is rolled into
Internal diameter is smaller after one cylindrical drum, if adding a pressure guiding pipe, the minimum diameter of pressure guiding pipe is 3mm, so also can be right
Flowing inside sieve generates disturbance.Therefore, it is disturbed to reduce to the greatest extent, pipe outlet pressure tap P1 being arranged on other than sieve
Lu Zhong is provided with pressure tap on the high-pressure metal pipe 16 that is, outside outlet end cap 15.The present embodiment experimental system for simulating, design pressure resistance
15MPa, 0 DEG C -30 DEG C of temperature control range meet the Temperature-pressure Conditions simulation in practical gas hydrates pilot production well shaft bottom；The indigo plant
Jewel autoclave body internal diameter 30mm, length 150mm；The effective train length of sieve mesh sheet be 100mm, sieve mesh sheet stent bottom
Board diameter is 20mm；The gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is closing the effective length in low temperature water bath as 30m.
The present embodiment reaction kettle ontology uses sapphire material, hydrate can be clearly captured with high-speed camera and preferentially given birth to
Into position, the rising situation or jump in temperature value of pressure differential and system pressure can also be used to judge the blocking journey of sieve entirety
Degree is realized and is quantified from part to entirety, from naked eyes to the qualitative both sides joint assessment of data.Pass through runing rest, high pressure
The cooperation of metal tube and high-pressure hose facilitates the angular adjustment of reaction kettle, can easily simulate different well type (horizontal well,
Vertical well or at any angle inclined shaft) the secondary generation of hydrate in condition lower screen cloth and stopping state.In actual moving process,
Data collecting module collected circulating pump pumping frequency, pump flow, cycle pump pressure, gas liquid ratio, reaction kettle inlet temperature, in sieve
The pressure difference in outside, the video data of high-speed camera capture.It, can be in terms of qualitatively and quantitatively two to sieve using above-mentioned data
The rule of the secondary generation of hydrate and since chocking-up degree, block part caused by the secondary generation of hydrate are evaluated in net.
Embodiment two, the present embodiment propose hydrate generation laws for plugging visual evaluating method, reference in a kind of sieve
Fig. 8 includes the following steps：
(1) it determines simulation well type, experiment flow is installed：The well type simulated according to actual needs determines hydrate in sieve
The reaction kettle inclination angle needed for Simulation evaluation experiment is blocked, adjusts reaction kettle and fixation.It is sequentially connected reaction kettle, vacuum pump, gas-liquid
Mix defeated coil pipe, methane gas cylinder, water supply pump, circulating pump, water-bath refrigerating cabinet and data acquisition module；
(2) it vacuumizes：Connect circuit flow, open between gas-liquid delivery coil pipe and reaction kettle, circulating pump and reaction kettle it
Between and the valve between circulating pump and gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, open vacuum pump, whole system is vacuumized；
(3) gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is pressurized：It closes between gas-liquid delivery coil pipe and reaction kettle, between circulating pump and reaction kettle
Valve, connection methane gas cylinder, water supply pump, injects quantitative methane gas and quantitative water into coil pipe according to the gas-water ratio of setting,
And it is pressurized to setup pressure value；
(4) suck-back recycles：The valve between gas-liquid delivery coil pipe and reaction kettle, between circulating pump and reaction kettle is opened, is made
Air-water mixture in the gas-liquid delivery coil pipe sucting reaction kettle under suction function.Circulating pump is then turned on, pumping frequency cycle is determined, makes
Flow pattern substantially constant in entire pipeline.It then proceedes to note methane gas, water filling into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, make up due to reaction kettle
Gas-liquid delivery coil pipe pressure reduction caused by suck-back；
(5) start acquisition, cooling simulation：With step (4) synchronously, methane gas is injected in proportion into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe
Body and water maintain pressure in preset value.Observe the flow pattern base in pipeline from reaction kettle sapphire autoclave body in the process when step (4)
When this is constant, the pressure drop of sieve mesh sheet both sides also tends to stablize.At this point, starting acquisition system, continue to determine pumping frequency cycle, cycle
Acquisition high-speed camera video image, pressure difference, temperature, pressure change with time in real time in the process；Start water-bath refrigerating cabinet and
Cryostat sets identical temperature value, slowly cools down to system, and observation screen surface hydrate starts facing for enrichment formation
Boundary's temperature condition value；
(6) cooling mode is selected, blocks simulation：With step (4) synchronously, first is injected in proportion into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe
Alkane gas and water maintain pressure in preset value.Start to be enriched with the stagnation temperature formed when temperature condition reaches screen surface hydrate
When spending condition value, constant temperature persistent loop is selected according to actual demand and continues slow cooling cycle both of which, observes constant temperature
Change with time rule or constant temperature of Hydrate Plugging rule reduces environment lower screen cloth mesh sheet in degree condition lower screen cloth mesh sheet
Middle hydrate is enriched with laws for plugging；
(7) preset pressure value and gas liquid ratio, circulating analog are adjusted：The preset pressure value of adjustment system or gas liquid ratio condition,
Repeat step (2)-(6), obtained by test of many times with temperature, pressure, gas-water ratio be respectively reference axis sieve mesh sheet in water
Close the critical item of hydrate enrichment blocking to a certain extent in the secondary generation critical condition distributed in three dimensions plate of object and sieve mesh sheet
Part distributed in three dimensions plate；
(8) stop simulation：When the pressure differential of sieve mesh sheet both sides promotes 10 times or more of high initial pressure difference, explanation
Severe blockage occurs since secondary generation of the hydrate in sieve mesh sheet already leads to sieve, in practical hydrate producing well
Serious production capacity will be caused to reduce, stop experiment.
By this method, can realize：Observe under the conditions of certain well type that hydrate is enriched in the sieve mesh sheet of control sand sieve pipe
Critical temperature value, critical pressure value and the critical air ratio occurred is blocked, is dropped for practical exploitation of gas hydrates well shaft bottom
The formulation of pressure scheme provides indicating risk point；Observe under the conditions of different well type that hydrate enrichment is stifled in the sieve mesh sheet of control sand sieve pipe
Plug degree, by comparing the chocking-up degree of different well type condition lower screen cloth mesh sheet, to the well of practical gas hydrates pilot production well
The layout of type design or screen casing in shaft bottom provides suggestion；Intuitive sieve mesh sheet Hydrate Plugging indicating risk plate is formed, is supplied
Live test mining project decision uses, and production capacity affecting laws evaluation caused by exploiting well control sand measure for hydrate provides support.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not that the invention has other forms of limitations, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
It imitates embodiment and is applied to other fields, but it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, technical spirit according to the present invention
To any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above example is made, the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention is still fallen within.
Claims (9)
1. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve, which is characterized in that including：
Reaction kettle, on runing rest in cryostat, including sapphire autoclave body, screen assemblies and peace in autoclave body
Outlet end cap and inlet cap mounted in autoclave body both ends, two end cap outside are all connected with high-pressure metal pipe；
Gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, arrival end are connected to reaction kettle outlet end cap, middle part connection water supply pump and first by circulating pump
The inlet cap of alkane gas cylinder, port of export connection vacuum pump and reaction kettle, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe are mounted on closed low temperature water bath
It is interior,
High-speed camera, mounted on the position of face reaction kettle inside cryostat, to capture video in sapphire autoclave body
Data；
Digital sampling and processing, to acquire circulating pump pump speed data, gas liquid ratio, system temperature, pressure and high-speed camera
Video data is simultaneously handled.
2. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states screen assemblies and includes sieve mesh sheet and sieve mesh sheet stent, it is in long cylinder that the sieve mesh sheet, which is mounted on sieve mesh sheet stent,
Shape, whole horizontal, the sieve mesh sheet stent includes circular screen mesh stent bottom plate, screen frame connector and positioned at same cylinder
The 6-10 rib in face, described rib one end are fixed on circular screen mesh stent bottom plate, and another section is fixed on screen frame connector
On, the diameter of the screen frame bottom plate is equal to the diameter of outlet end cap outside high pressure metal tube.
3. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In, the inside connection loudspeaker of the reaction kettle inlet cap enter head piece, this enters head piece and includes loudspeaker outer lining and loudspeaker liner, between
Using sealing bearing connection, bearing outer rim is interference fitted with outer lining inner edge, and bearing inner edge is fixed with connection cock, the connection rotation
It fills in for a conical surface bloom, connection cock and liner upper weld, connection cock are internally provided with the runner of Spiral distribution, runner exit
In connection cock side wall, entrance is above connection cock.
4. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It is identical with the diameter of screen frame bottom plate to state loudspeaker liner lower edge outer diameter, the high-pressure metal outside the inlet cap and outlet end cap
Pressure tap is had on pipe, connects difference gauge between the two, the pressure tap on inlet cap is deep into reaction by pressure guiding pipe
In the middle part of kettle.
5. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including water-bath refrigerating cabinet giving the closed low temperature water bath cooling.
6. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Sapphire autoclave body the internal diameter 30mm, length 150mm stated；The sieve netting length is 100mm, and screen frame bottom plate is a diameter of
20mm；The gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is closing the effective length in low temperature water bath as 30m.
7. hydrate generates laws for plugging Visual evaluation system in sieve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states gas-liquid delivery coil outlets end and vacuum pump is connected by three-dimensional conversion valve.
8. hydrate generates laws for plugging visual evaluating method in sieve, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
(1) simulation well type is determined, the well type simulated according to actual needs determines that Hydrate Plugging Simulation evaluation tests institute in sieve
The reaction kettle inclination angle needed, is sequentially connected reaction kettle, vacuum pump, gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, methane gas cylinder, water supply pump, circulating pump, water-bath
Refrigerating cabinet and data acquisition module；
(2) it vacuumizes, whole system is vacuumized；
(3) gas-liquid delivery coil pipe is pressurized, and quantitative methane gas and quantitative water are injected into coil pipe according to the gas-water ratio of setting, and
It is pressurized to setup pressure value；
(4) suck-back recycles, and makes the sucting reaction kettle under suction function of the air-water mixture in gas-liquid delivery coil pipe, is then turned on following
Ring pumps, and determines pumping frequency cycle；
(5) start acquisition, cooling simulation with step (4) synchronously, determines to acquire high-speed camera in pumping frequency cyclic process in real time regarding
Frequency image, pressure difference, temperature, pressure change with time；Start water-bath refrigerating cabinet and cryostat, set identical temperature
Value slowly cools down to system, and observation screen surface hydrate starts the critical temperature condition value that enrichment is formed；
(6) cooling mode is selected, simulation is blocked, with step (4) synchronously, injects methane gas in proportion into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe
Body and water maintain pressure in preset value, when temperature condition reaches the stagnation temperature that sieve mesh sheet surface hydration object starts enrichment and formed
When spending condition value, constant temperature persistent loop is selected according to actual demand and continues slow cooling cycle both of which, observes constant temperature
Change with time rule or constant temperature of Hydrate Plugging rule reduces hydrate in environment lower screen cloth in degree condition lower screen cloth
It is enriched with laws for plugging；
(7) preset pressure value and gas liquid ratio, circulating analog are adjusted, adjusts the preset pressure value of system or gas liquid ratio condition, is repeated
Step (2) to step (6), obtained by test of many times with temperature, pressure, gas-water ratio be respectively reference axis sieve in hydrate
Hydrate enrichment blocks critical condition three-dimensional point to a certain extent in secondary generation critical condition distributed in three dimensions plate and sieve
Cloth plate；
(8) stop simulation, when the pressure differential of sieve both sides promotes 10 times or more of high initial pressure difference, stop experiment.
9. hydrate generates laws for plugging visual evaluating method in sieve according to claim 8, which is characterized in that institute
It states when the flow pattern that pumping frequency is recycled in entire pipeline is determined in step (3) stablizing, continues to note methane gas, note into gas-liquid delivery coil pipe
Water is made up due to gas-liquid delivery coil pipe pressure reduction caused by reaction kettle suck-back.
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