CN105675449A - Device and method for monitoring sand grain lateral migration rule for natural gas hydrate mining well - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring sand grain lateral migration rule for natural gas hydrate mining well Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675449A CN105675449A CN201610070178.2A CN201610070178A CN105675449A CN 105675449 A CN105675449 A CN 105675449A CN 201610070178 A CN201610070178 A CN 201610070178A CN 105675449 A CN105675449 A CN 105675449A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for monitoring a sand grain lateral migration rule for a natural gas hydrate mining well. The device comprises a metal tube module, wherein one end of the metal tube module is sequentially connected with a displacement pump and a liquid supply module through pipelines, a gas supply module is connected onto the liquid supply module through the a pipeline, and the other end of the metal tube module is sequentially connected with a pressure return module, a solid separation module and a pretreatment module through the pipelines; the metal tube module is further connected with a data measurement and collection module which is connected with the gas supply module and the solid separation module. The invention further discloses a method for monitoring the sand grain lateral migration rule for the natural gas hydrate mining well. With the adoption of the method, testing technology and experimental data support can be provided for research of sand grain migration mechanism induced by hydrate depressurizing mining, great significance on prolonging of duration time for hydrate trial mining is achieved, and the development of a commercial hydrate mining technology is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventionaloil pool and hide Development Engineering technical field, be specifically related to the monitoring device of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, the present invention also relates to the monitoring method of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule.
Background technology
Gas hydrate are considered as one of 21st century important substitute energy, cause the extensive concern of domestic and international government department and scientific research institutions. In recent years, Chinese scholars especially payes attention to the research of hydrate exploitation technology, has proposed the technology such as heat injection method, voltage drop method, injection chemical-agent technique, substitution method and solid process. Wherein, voltage drop method is by reducing under formation pore pressure to hydrate phase balance pressure, thus make solid-state decomposition of hydrate produce methane gas, the method is considered as the production technique of economical and effective the most, and under having applied to frozen soil ground environment, under Canada Mai Kenqi (Mackenzie) delta and U.S. Alaska (Alaska) northern sloped region and deep water ground environment, project is adopted in the hydrate runin of Japan's Nankai trough. It is all because " problem of shaking out " causes step-down pump to suck silt particle and damage that " Mallik2002 " and " Mallik2006-2008 " runin in Mallik frozen soil district, Mai Kenqi delta of Canada is adopted, and then causes test in place to be forced to stop; In the ocean deepwater stratum of Japan's Nankai trough, hydrate runin is adopted when proceeding to the 6th day, and recovery well well head pours in suddenly a large amount of black silt particles, and serious " problem of shaking out " causes step-down pump to be damaged, and then causes test in place to terminate with regard to this. " problem of shaking out " is that the major cause being forced to stop is adopted in hydrate runin, seriously limits the working time of test in place. Marine site hydrate formation is usually in deficient concretion state and buries more shallow, by making, pore fluid formation particle produces bigger shear force to voltage drop method production of water compound, add decomposition of hydrate and weaken cementing power between sand grains, fine particle silt particle is finally caused to migrate in the earth formation and assemble, blocking sand control installation and pipeline, damage step-down pump.
In view of the limitation of original position core-taking technology and test in place cost, hydrate exploitation technology is studied based on simulating lab test.Chinese scholars have developed analogue experiment installation in multi-room and studies for hydrate exploitation technology, pay close attention to decomposition of hydrate produce gas and produce regimen condition and temperature, the experimental simulation of the Parameters variation situation such as pressure and hydrate concentration, rarely have and bring out sand migration process carry out analog operation for hydrate exploitation, the experimental test procedures of sand migration is brought out in supporting hydrate exploitation, and also there is not been reported, seriously limit and the technical barrier (" problem of shaking out ") in hydrate recovery process is carried out simulated experiment work, experimental data is caused to be directly hydrate exploitation service.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the monitoring device of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the monitoring method of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, effectively simulating hydrate step-down can exploit sand migration process in the formation pore brought out, the maximum range of migration is there is, for hydrate step-down exploitation sanding mechanism and Control Technology research thereof provide support by the changing conditions of sand-grain-size distribution after test exploitation and sand grains.
First technical scheme of the present invention is, the monitoring device of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, comprise metal tube module, one end of metal tube module is connected with displacement pump and feed flow module in turn by pipeline, also being connected with air feed module by pipeline in feed flow module, the other end of metal tube module is connected with back pressure module, solid separation module and pre-processing module in turn by pipeline; Metal tube module is also connected with collecting measurement data module, and collecting measurement data module is also connected to air feed module and solid separation module; Metal tube module, feed flow module, air feed module, back pressure module, solid separation module, pre-processing module and collecting measurement data module are all arranged in temperature control module.
Further, metal tube module comprises four metal tubes being connected with in turn, and the two ends of metal tube are connected with displacement pump and back pressure module respectively by wire; It is provided with sand control screens on metal tube and with back pressure module connection, metal tube is provided with thief hole; Metal tube is provided with collecting measurement data module.
Further, back pressure module is back pressure valve.
Further, feed flow module comprises the saturation vessel, high-pressure filling pump and the first liquid container that are connected successively by pipeline; Saturation vessel is connected with displacement pump by pipeline; Air feed module comprises the gas boosting pump and methane gas cylinder that are connected by pipeline, and gas boosting pump is connected with saturation vessel by pipeline.
Further, solid separation module comprise by pipeline be connected be connected to solid separator and second liquid container, solid separator is connected to back pressure valve and pre-processing module.
Further, pre-processing module comprises vibratory screening apparatus, laser particle analyzer and electronic balance; Laser particle analyzer is connected with electronic balance, and laser particle analyzer is connected with solid separator.
Further, collecting measurement data module comprises pressure transmitter, the first gas meter, the 2nd gas meter, liquid meter, capture card and industrial computer, and capture card is connected with industrial computer, pressure transmitter, the first gas meter, the 2nd gas meter and liquid meter by wire respectively; Pressure transmitter is arranged on metal tube; The first gas meter it is provided with between gas boosting pump and saturation vessel;Solid separator is connected with the 2nd gas meter; It is provided with liquid meter between solid separator and second liquid container.
2nd technical scheme of the present invention is, the monitoring method of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, adopts the monitoring device of above-mentioned exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, comprises the following steps:
1) sand sample level joins measurement: the graduation curve of experiments of measuring sand sample, as the initial value that sand migration is analyzed;
2) metal tube fills out sand:
2.1) cleaning 4 metal tubes, and itself and experiment sand sample are put into constant temperature oven drying at least 12 hours simultaneously, temperature control is made as 105 DEG C, takes out afterwards and naturally cools to room temperature;
2.2) sealing one end and the thief hole of 4 metal tubes, vertically place metal tube subsequently, adopt scales/electronic balance weighing sand sample quality, sand sample is packed into 4 metal tubes, control porosity is set(ting)value, afterwards the other end of sealed metal tube;
2.3) by flange, 4 have been filled out the metal tube connection of sand, and has connected in experimental system;
3) experimental system leak detection: connecting pipeline, in experimental system, water filling makes pore pressure be not less than 10MPa, leaves standstill 12 hours, if pore pressure is stablized, experimental system airtight performance is good, otherwise searches leakage point and again hunt leak;
4) lanthanum chloride hydrate:
4.1) methane gas is injected to metal tube, the pore water volume that record displacement is discharged;
4.2) temperature is reduced with synthesized hydrate;
4.3), when pore pressure no longer reduces, the lanthanum chloride hydrate stage completes;
5) step-down displacement:
5.1) salt solution of over-saturation methane gas is prepared;
5.2) regulate back pressure valve to setting pressure, this setting pressure is less than hydrate phase balance pressure, the salt solution of pumping over-saturation methane gas in metal tube, realize the brine recycling between metal tube and saturation vessel, carry out the simulation that sand migration process is brought out in hydrate step-down exploitation, measure the changing conditions of metal tube inner pore pressure in real time;
5.3) displacement sand sample out is carried out Measurement and analysis by the interval set time, comprises quality and particle diameter;
5.4), after hydrate decomposes completely, the step-down displacement stage completes;
6) experiment terminates: slowly pressure release, adopts bleeding iron extraction portion from metal tube perforate to divide sand sample, analyzes the Axial changes situation that sand grains level fits over metal tube, and instrument removal also cleans arrangement.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: easily and effectively measure hydrate step-down exploitation and bring out changing conditions that in sand migration process, sand grains level is joined and evaluate the sand controlling result of different size sand control screens. The method can bring out sand migration study mechanism for hydrate step-down exploitation provides measuring technology and experimental data support, adopts the time length for increase hydrate runin and has important reference significance, the development of promotion hydrate commercialization production technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure block diagram of the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the monitoring method of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule of the present invention.
In figure, 1. metal tube; 2. methane gas cylinder; 3. gas boosting pump; 4. the first gas meter; 5. saturation vessel; 6. first liquid container; 7. high-pressure filling pump; 8. displacement pump;9. pressure transmitter; 10. back pressure valve; 11. solid separators; 12. laser particle analyzers; 13. electronic balances; 14. the 2nd gas meters; 15. liquid meters; 16. second liquid containers; 17. vibratory screening apparatuss; 18. data collecting cards; 19. industrial computer; 20. sand control screens; 21. step into formula freezer; 22. metal tube modules; 23. feed flow modules; 24. air feed modules; 25. back pressure modules; 26. solid separation modules; 27. pre-processing module; 28. collecting measurement data modules; 29. temperature control modules.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention provides the monitoring device of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, as shown in Figure 1, comprise metal tube module 22, one end of metal tube module 22 is connected with displacement pump 8 and feed flow module 23 in turn by pipeline, also being connected with air feed module 24 by pipeline in feed flow module 23, the other end of metal tube module 22 is connected with back pressure module 25, solid separation module 26 and pre-processing module 27 in turn by pipeline; Metal tube module 22 is also connected with collecting measurement data module 28, and collecting measurement data module 28 is also connected to air feed module 24 and solid separation module 26; Metal tube module 22, feed flow module 23, air feed module 24, back pressure module 25, solid separation module 26, pre-processing module 27 and collecting measurement data module 28 are all arranged in temperature control module 29.
As shown in Figure 2, metal tube module 22 comprises four metal tubes being connected with in turn 1, the two ends of metal tube 1 are connected with displacement pump 8 and back pressure module 25 respectively by wire, and wherein, saturation water is pumped in metal tube 1 by the main effect of displacement pump 8 exactly from saturation vessel 5; It is provided with sand control screens 20 on metal tube 1 and with back pressure module 25 connection, metal tube 1 is provided with thief hole, the position of thief hole and the position one_to_one corresponding of pressure transmitter 9; Metal tube 1 is provided with collecting measurement data module 28.
Back pressure module 25 is back pressure valve 10. Experimentation carries out body simulation test to ensure in metal tube 1 under a certain constant pressure reduction conditions, therefore the pressure of liquid exit end directly emptying can not form normal atmosphere, the foundation of inconvenient like this constant pressure difference, therefore the main effect of check valve 10 is that the pressure difference maintained before and after screen cloth 20 is in a certain steady state value.
Feed flow module 23 comprises the saturation vessel 5, high-pressure filling pump 7 and the first liquid container 6 that are connected successively by pipeline, wherein, the main effect of saturation vessel 5 is fully mixed the gas in methane gas cylinder 2 and first liquid container 6 and liquid, forms the saturation water of saturated gas; Accordingly, the effect of high-pressure filling pump 7 is pumped in the middle of saturation vessel 5 by the ortho-water in first liquid container 6; Saturation vessel 5 is connected with displacement pump 8 by pipeline; Air feed module 24 comprises the gas boosting pump 3 and methane gas cylinder 2 that are connected by pipeline, and gas boosting pump 3 is connected with saturation vessel 5 by pipeline.
Solid separation module 26 comprise by pipeline be connected be connected to solid separator 11 and second liquid container 16, solid separator 11 is connected to back pressure valve 10 and pre-processing module 27, wherein, test the particle diameter of the sieve through screen cloth 20, it is necessary to first removed by the fluid in sand, liquid mixture; In addition, owing in whole circulation process, liquid finally returns to second liquid container 16, need before recovery experiment water to remove sand or like solid, therefore the main effect of solid separator 11 is: be separated by the solid settlement in mixture, thus prepares for the recovery of next step sand grain diameter measurement and water.
Pre-processing module 27 comprises vibratory screening apparatus 17, laser particle analyzer 12 and electronic balance 13, in fact the effect of vibratory screening apparatus 17 is the same with the effect of laser particle analyzer 12, it it is all the size distribution rule in order to measure output sand, but the sand amount that vibratory screening apparatus needs is many, and need sand dry, therefore in fact vibratory screening apparatus does not carry out actual connection with the parts in Fig. 2, but in fig. 2, measure with electronic balance 13 and need after weight terminates to collect the sand of output, after complete, carry out vibratory screening apparatus 17 screen analysis; In addition, the topmost function of vibratory screening apparatus is " sand sample is joined level and measured ", before the experiments, it is necessary to know the particle size distribution law of the sand being loaded in metal tube 1, it is thus desirable to go out to meet the sand of certain grain size distribution scope with vibratory screening apparatus screen analysis, then load; Laser particle analyzer 12 is connected with electronic balance 13, and laser particle analyzer 12 is connected with solid separator 11; The main effect of laser particle size particle size analyzer is that the sand to output carries out sreen analysis, and therefore laser particle analyzer is connected with solid separator 11.
Collecting measurement data module 28 comprises pressure transmitter 9, first gas meter 4, the 2nd gas meter 14, liquid meter 15, capture card 18 and industrial computer 19, and capture card 18 is connected with industrial computer 19, pressure transmitter 9, first gas meter 4, the 2nd gas meter 14 and liquid meter 15 by wire respectively; Pressure transmitter 9 is arranged on metal tube 1; The first gas meter 4 it is provided with between gas boosting pump 3 and saturation vessel 5; Solid separator 11 is connected with the 2nd gas meter 14; Liquid meter 15 it is provided with between solid separator 11 and second liquid container 16.
The present invention provides the monitoring method of a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, as shown in Figure 3, adopts the monitoring device of above-mentioned exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, comprises the following steps:
1) sand sample level joins measurement: the graduation curve of experiments of measuring sand sample, as the initial value that sand migration is analyzed;
2) metal tube fills out sand:
2.1) cleaning 4 metal tubes 1, and itself and experiment sand sample are put into constant temperature oven drying at least 12 hours simultaneously, temperature control is made as 105 DEG C, takes out afterwards and naturally cools to room temperature;
2.2) sealing one end of 4 metal tubes 1 and thief hole, vertically place metal tube 1 subsequently, adopt electronic balance 13 to weigh sand sample quality, sand sample is packed into 4 metal tubes 1, control porosity is set(ting)value, afterwards the other end of sealed metal tube 1;
2.3) metal tube 1 having filled out sand by 4 by flange connects, and the entrance section of metal tube 1 is connected with the metal pipe line of the exit end of displacement pump 8, and the exit end of metal tube 2 is connected with the portal metal pipeline of check valve 10;
3) experimental system leak detection: connecting pipeline, in whole circulation line, water filling makes pore pressure be not less than 10MPa, leaves standstill 12 hours, if pore pressure is stablized, experimental system airtight performance is good, otherwise searches leakage point and again hunt leak;
4) lanthanum chloride hydrate:
4.1) methane gas is injected to metal tube 1, the pore water volume that record displacement is discharged; Second liquid container 16 is containing scale, therefore the space water cumulative volume got rid of can be measured in gas injection process, in addition, it is also possible to measured the flow of liquid in displacement process by liquid meter 15, the pore water cumulative volume that the displacement time just can obtain noting eliminating in methane process then it is multiplied by.
4.2) temperature is reduced with synthesized hydrate;
4.3), when pore pressure no longer reduces, the lanthanum chloride hydrate stage completes;
5) step-down displacement:
5.1) salt solution of over-saturation methane gas is prepared;
5.2) back pressure valve 10 to setting pressure is regulated, this setting pressure is less than hydrate phase balance pressure, the salt solution of pumping over-saturation methane gas in metal tube 1, realize the brine recycling between metal tube 1 and saturation vessel 5, carry out the simulation that sand migration process is brought out in hydrate step-down exploitation, measure the changing conditions of metal tube 1 inner pore pressure in real time;
5.3) displacement sand sample out is carried out Measurement and analysis by the interval set time, comprises quality and particle diameter; Wherein, particle size analysis is realized by laser particle analyzer 12 and vibratory screening apparatus 20; Quality is measured by electronic balance 13;
5.4), after hydrate decomposes completely, the step-down displacement stage completes;
6) experiment terminates: slowly pressure release, adopts bleeding iron extraction portion from metal tube perforate to divide sand sample, analyzes the Axial changes situation that sand grains level fits over metal tube, and instrument removal also cleans arrangement.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned enforcement mode, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, it is also possible to it is made many variations.
Claims (8)
1. the monitoring device of an exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, it is characterized in that, comprise metal tube module (22), one end of described metal tube module (22) is connected with displacement pump (8) and feed flow module (23) in turn by pipeline, also being connected with air feed module (24) by pipeline on described feed flow module (23), the other end of described metal tube module (22) is connected with back pressure module (25), solid separation module (26) and pre-processing module (27) in turn by pipeline; Described metal tube module (22) is also connected with collecting measurement data module (28), and described collecting measurement data module (28) is also connected to air feed module (24) and solid separation module (26); Described metal tube module (22), feed flow module (23), air feed module (24), back pressure module (25), solid separation module (26), pre-processing module (27) and collecting measurement data module (28) are all arranged in temperature control module (29).
2. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described metal tube module (22) comprises four metal tubes being connected with in turn (1), and the two ends of described metal tube (1) are connected with displacement pump (8) and back pressure module (25) respectively by wire; Described metal tube (1) is upper and back pressure module (25) connection is provided with sand control screens (20), and described metal tube is provided with thief hole on (1); Described metal tube (1) is provided with collecting measurement data module (28).
3. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 2, it is characterised in that, described back pressure module (25) is back pressure valve (10).
4. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described feed flow module (23) comprises the saturation vessel (5), high-pressure filling pump (7) and the first liquid container (6) that are connected successively by pipeline; Described saturation vessel (5) is connected with displacement pump (8) by pipeline; Described air feed module (24) comprises the gas boosting pump (3) and methane gas cylinder (2) that are connected by pipeline, and described gas boosting pump (3) is connected with saturation vessel (5) by pipeline.
5. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described solid separation module (26) comprise by pipeline be connected be connected to solid separator (11) and second liquid container (16), described solid separator (11) is connected to back pressure valve (10) and pre-processing module (27).
6. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described pre-processing module (27) comprises vibratory screening apparatus (17), laser particle analyzer (12) and electronic balance (13); Described laser particle analyzer (12) is connected with electronic balance (13), and described laser particle analyzer (12) is connected with solid separator (11).
7. the monitoring device of exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described collecting measurement data module (28) comprises pressure transmitter (9), first gas meter (4), 2nd gas meter (14), liquid meter (15), capture card (18) and industrial computer (19), described capture card (18) is connected with industrial computer (19) by wire respectively, pressure transmitter (9), first gas meter (4), 2nd gas meter (14) and liquid meter (15), described pressure transmitter (9) is arranged on metal tube (1), it is provided with the first gas meter (4) between described gas boosting pump (3) and saturation vessel (5), described solid separator (11) is connected with the 2nd gas meter (14), liquid meter (15) it is provided with between described solid separator (11) and second liquid container (16).
8. the monitoring method of an exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule, it is characterised in that, adopt the monitoring device of the exploitation of gas hydrates well sand grains lateral migration rule described in claim 7, comprise the following steps:
1) sand sample level joins measurement: the graduation curve of experiments of measuring sand sample, as the initial value that sand migration is analyzed;
2) metal tube fills out sand:
2.1) cleaning 4 metal tubes (1), and itself and experiment sand sample are put into constant temperature oven drying at least 12 hours simultaneously, temperature control is made as 105 DEG C, takes out afterwards and naturally cools to room temperature;
2.2) one end and the thief hole of 4 metal tubes (1) is sealed, vertically place metal tube (1) subsequently, electronic balance (13) is adopted to weigh sand sample quality, sand sample is packed into 4 metal tubes (1), control porosity is set(ting)value, afterwards the other end of sealed metal tube (1);
2.3) by flange, 4 have been filled out metal tube (1) connection of sand, and has connected in experimental system;
3) experimental system leak detection: connecting pipeline, in experimental system, water filling makes pore pressure be not less than 10MPa, leaves standstill 12 hours, if pore pressure is stablized, experimental system airtight performance is good, otherwise searches leakage point and again hunt leak;
4) lanthanum chloride hydrate:
4.1) methane gas is injected to metal tube (1), the pore water volume that record displacement is discharged;
4.2) temperature is reduced with synthesized hydrate;
4.3), when pore pressure no longer reduces, the lanthanum chloride hydrate stage completes;
5) step-down displacement:
5.1) salt solution of over-saturation methane gas is prepared;
5.2) regulate back pressure valve (10) to setting pressure, this setting pressure is less than hydrate phase balance pressure, to the salt solution of the interior pumping over-saturation methane gas of metal tube (1), realize the brine recycling between metal tube (1) and saturation vessel (5), carry out the simulation that sand migration process is brought out in hydrate step-down exploitation, measure the changing conditions of metal tube (1) inner pore pressure in real time;
5.3) displacement sand sample out is carried out Measurement and analysis by the interval set time, comprises quality and particle diameter;
5.4), after hydrate decomposes completely, the step-down displacement stage completes;
6) experiment terminates: slowly pressure release, adopts bleeding iron extraction portion from metal tube perforate to divide sand sample, analyzes the Axial changes situation that sand grains level fits over metal tube, and instrument removal also cleans arrangement.
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