CN101550816B - Three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The objective of the present invention is to provide a simulated experiment apparatus of comprehensive study various exploitation mechanism, exploitation dynamic, and proceeding optimizing and comprehensive evaluation to various exploitation methods. The apparatus includes three-dimensional model, natural gas supply unit, working solution supply unit, back pressure control unit, environment control unit and postprocessing unit. Applying the experimental apparatus can simulate vertical well cluster and horizontal well cluster simultaneity, utilizing visual window and optical fibre endoscope observing and simulating hydrated compound status inside the cavity, proceeding comprehensive evaluation to exploitation process and exploitation impression, being able to provide guide for gas hydrate exploitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental facilities, relate in particular to a kind of three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are meant a kind of cage shape crystalline solid that natural gas and water generate under uniform temperature and pressure, it meets fire is incendivity, be commonly called as " combustible ice ", the research of early stage gas hydrates mainly is in order to solve the blockage problem of pipeline, equipment in oil, gas production and the transportation, mainly is the generation that suppresses hydrate.Along with people to the deepening continuously of hydrate research, the characteristic of hydrate and be the human knowledge more and more to the influence of environment be the more important thing is that it shows as value of a kind of effective alternative energy source also benefit to give prominence to.
Gas hydrates can be present in occurring in nature in many ways, and based on the characteristics of gas hydrates, it is different with the exploitation of the conventional traditional energy.Show that it is solid that hydrate buries on the ocean bottom, molecular configuration changes in recovery process, becomes gas from solid.That is to say that hydrate undergoes phase transition in recovery process.At present the developing thought of the relevant gas hydrates of great majority all are to consider that at first the gas hydrates how will contain in deposit decompose basically, and then with natural gas extraction to ground.In general, breaking the temperature, pressure condition of gas hydrates stable existence artificially, cause it to decompose, is the main method of methane resource amount in the present development of natural gas hydrate.Existing exploitation method can be divided into following three classes substantially:
(1) heating exploitation method, with method mainly is that steam, hot water, hot salt brine or other hot fluid are pumped into the gas hydrates reservoir from ground, or adopts all multi-methods such as fire flooding, electrode original position heating to impel reservoir temperature to rise and reach the purpose of decomposition of hydrate;
(2) chemical agent extraction system mainly is to utilize some chemical agent with method, waits such as salt solution, methyl alcohol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerine to change the phase balance condition that hydrate forms, and reduces the hydrate equilibrium temperature, to reach the purpose of decomposition;
(3) step-down extraction system mainly is by reducing moving of phase equilibrium line that pressure causes that gas hydrates are stable with method, thereby impels gas hydrates to decompose that the free gas under the production of water compound layer is a kind of effective ways that reduce reservoir pressure.
The exploitation that the step-down extraction system combines with heating exploitation method, chemical agent extraction system, may become one of effective ways of large scale mining gas hydrates from now on, at present, work out gas hydrates effectively, fast, economic mining method, for the large scale mining gas hydrates provide experiment basis and foundation, be the effective way of alleviating the energy pressure that grows with each passing day.
Because the geological conditions of various places is different with the composition of gas hydrates, it is different to form mechanism, so study by simulated experiment, directly instruct and reconnoitre exploitation, but current experiments equipment is relatively simple, be difficult to satisfy the research needs of present ocean gas hydrate, the professional simulation laboratory that is entirely ocean gas hydrate exploration and development service simultaneously is also fewer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate, this analogue experiment installation can the various withdrawal mechanisms of comprehensive study, production performance and various exploitation methods are optimized and overall merit.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate comprises threedimensional model, natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module, environment control unit and post-processing unit; The inside of described threedimensional model is the simulation chamber of sealing, and threedimensional model is provided with gas-liquid inlet and some wells bunch of simulating inside, chamber that stretches into; Described well bunch is made up of several well casings; The natural gas output pipe of described natural gas feed unit is with after the working solution output pipe of described working solution feed unit is connected, and is connected with gas-liquid inlet on the threedimensional model again; At least one well casing in the described well bunch that stretches into simulation inside, chamber is connected with the collection pipeline of back pressure control module; Described threedimensional model is in the middle of the environment control unit; Described threedimensional model, natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module and environment control unit are provided with some sensors, and described sensor is electrically connected with post-processing unit.
Among the present invention, the working solution feed unit is used for input service liquid in threedimensional model; The natural gas feed unit is used for to threedimensional model input natural gas, and can control the pressure of the natural gas of input; Environment control unit is used to control the environment temperature of threedimensional model; The back pressure control module is used to control the output pressure of natural gas after the simulation mining, water etc.; Post-processing unit is used to gather and handle the signal of each sensor, the signals collecting of each sensor generally comprises: to amount of natural gas, the water yield of simulation chamber input, the amount of natural gas of simulation mining output, the water yield of generation, temperature, pressure, differential pressure and resistance in the simulation chamber, and from the video image in the simulation chamber of fibre opic endoscope; The data of each sensor are handled and are generally comprised: output time-temperature curve, time-pressure curve, time-differential pressure curve, time-resistance curve, pressure-production curve or the like, so that each data is carried out overall merit.
The withstand voltage scope of threedimensional model is generally 5～40MPa, and cavity volume is the spherical cylindrical or square stainless steel cauldron of 50～500L; Described threedimensional model pref. cylindrical reactor, the preferred 25 ± 2.5MPa of withstand voltage scope, the preferred 110 ± 20L of cavity volume, and inner chamber three dimensions length should be greater than 500mm.Generally be provided with temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface, electrode interface, fibre opic endoscope interface and sample tap on the described threedimensional model; The quantity of described temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface, electrode interface, fibre opic endoscope interface and sample tap should increase with the volume of threedimensional model, the position of opening of its interface should guarantee that temperature, pressure, optical fiber, electrode and sampling monitoring point are uniform in the threedimensional model space, and per 8～12L space should have respectively 1 of temperature, pressure, electrode, optical fiber shooting, sampling monitoring point.Also should be provided with on the threedimensional model and vacuumize interface, be used for being connected with vacuumizing device.
For columniform threedimensional model, it can form the simulation chamber by some bolt sealings by upper flange, cylindrical shell and lower flange.The inboard in described simulation chamber is provided with dismountable insulating board, to reduce simulation chamber and extraneous interchange of heat, improves the constant temperature effect in simulation chamber; Described upper flange, lower flange middle part can be provided with each one in upper end gas-liquid mouth, lower end gas-liquid mouth respectively, and upper end gas-liquid mouth, lower end gas-liquid mouth all communicate with natural gas feed unit and working solution feed unit.Vacuumize interface and can be arranged on upper flange.
Natural gas and working solution form hydrate layer after being injected into the simulation chamber in the chamber.For the state of each position of hydrate layer in the chamber is gathered, can experimental scale hydrate layer be divided into n detection layers along depth direction, preferred 3 layers, when being divided into 3 layers, be respectively upper strata detection layers, middle level detection layers and lower floor's detection layers of corresponding hydrate layer inside.
The peupendicular hole that stretches into simulation inside, chamber bunch can have 5 ~ 9 groups, have under 5 groups the situation, wherein 4 groups as vertical side well bunch, have under 9 groups the situation, wherein 8 groups as vertical side well bunch, the side well of 4 groups or 8 groups bunch is square profile, and remaining 1 group as vertical centre well bunch, be located at the central authorities of vertical side well bunch; Each is organized peupendicular hole and bunch is made up of the vertical well casing of n root, and the vertical well casing of each root stretches to the detection layers of n different depth in the simulation chamber respectively; The quantity of horizontal well bunch is the n group, is located at respectively on each detection layers plane, and each horizontal well bunch is made up of 1 ~ 2 horizontal well tube; On n detection layers plane, 1 sample tap, 1 fibre opic endoscope, 25 temperature survey interfaces, 9 pressure measxurement interfaces and 25 pairs of electrode interfaces are set respectively on each detection layers plane.
For the threedimensional model that is divided into 3 detection layers, each is organized peupendicular hole and bunch can be made up of 3 vertical well casings accordingly, and the vertical well casing of each root stretches to the detection layers of 3 different depths in the simulation chamber.The quantity of horizontal well bunch is general corresponding with the quantity of the detection layers of being divided, and for the threedimensional model that is divided into 3 detection layers, the quantity of horizontal well bunch also is 3 groups, is located at respectively on each detection layers plane.Each horizontal well bunch can be made up of 1 ~ 2 horizontal well tube, and preferred 1, when being made of one group of horizontal well bunch 2 horizontal well tubes, the angle between 2 horizontal well tubes is 90 °.Experimental scale also can consider to be provided with more peupendicular hole bunch or horizontal well bunch, and the quantity of correspondingly vertical well casing and horizontal well tube also can increase or reduce.
On threedimensional model, can be provided with visual window, sample tap, fibre opic endoscope, temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface etc., wherein, light endoscope, temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface are the sensor on the threedimensional model.For simulating the situation that the chamber is divided into 3 detection layers, the above preferred following configuration mode in the device or the quantity of equipment and position:
Be provided with respectively at detection layers plane, upper strata and place, lower floor detection layers plane 1 pair mutually over against visual window.Respectively on each detection layers plane, 1 sample tap, 1 fibre opic endoscope, 25 temperature survey interfaces, 9 pressure measxurement interfaces and 25 pairs of electrode interfaces are set respectively again.Described visual window, sample tap and fibre opic endoscope are arranged on the vertical wall body of threedimensional model, as: the cylindrical shell of cylindrical threedimensional model.Described temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface are arranged on the inside in simulation chamber, and draw outside the simulation chamber by lead-in wire.Described temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface should be evenly arranged in peupendicular hole bunch institute's restricted portion on each detection layers near.Experimental scale also can consider to increase or reduce the quantity of said apparatus or equipment.
The natural gas feed unit generally comprises successively gas source, reducing valve, gas compressor, reducing valve, stop valve, strainer, gas flowmeter, one way valve and the natural gas output pipe that is communicated with, and natural gas output pipe and peupendicular hole bunch or horizontal well bunch or gas-liquid mouth communicate.Sensor on the natural gas feed unit comprises gas flowmeter at least.The measured gas flow value input post-processing unit of gas flowmeter carries out analyzing and processing.
The working solution feed unit generally comprises successively working solution holding vessel, hydraulic pump, intermediate receptacle, heating tank, stop valve and the working solution output pipe that is communicated with, and working solution output pipe and peupendicular hole bunch or horizontal well bunch or gas-liquid mouth communicate.Sensor on the working solution feed unit comprises the hydraulic pump that liquid-pressure pick-up is housed at least.Intermediate receptacle is when experimentation need add auxiliary agent, avoids auxiliary agent to the damage of hydraulic pump and a kind of indirect container that uses.In hydrate heat injection exploitation experiment, it is temperature required to need that heating tank is heated to experiment, and working solution is flowed through and entered in the threedimensional model after the abundant heat exchange of heating tank.
The back pressure control module generally comprises back-pressure valve, gas-liquid separator and the fluid reservoir that is communicated with successively.Gas flowmeter is housed on gas-liquid separator, differential pressure pick-up is housed on fluid reservoir.The back pressure control module will be with a pipe interface of back-pressure valve as gathering pipeline, is communicated with well casing on the threedimensional model.Sensor on the back pressure control module comprises gas flowmeter and differential pressure pick-up at least.The back pressure control module is mainly pointed out mouth pressure control and output metering, back-pressure valve is used to control outlet pressure, gas-liquid separator is incited somebody to action gas, liquid after separating wherein, go out the amount of natural gas of simulation mining by gas flow measuring, the liquid of simulation mining flows into fluid reservoir, utilizes the differential pressure pick-up that is communicated with fluid reservoir to measure this amount of liquid.This back pressure control module can also comprise back pressure gas cylinder, reducing valve, pressure meter and atmospheric valve.
The water leg that is connected with water bath with thermostatic control on environment control unit generally comprises the temperature-controlled chamber that holds threedimensional model and is arranged on threedimensional model outside wall body.Sensor on the environment control unit comprise at least be installed in the temperature-controlled chamber and the water of water bath with thermostatic control in temperature pick up.Can carry out accuracy control over temperature to threedimensional model by environment control unit.
Post-processing unit comprises data acquisition device and computer, and data acquisition device is electrically connected with computer.The computer planted agent data acquisition module, data processing module and data memory module are set at least.Data acquisition module and threedimensional model, natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module are connected with sensor electrical on the environment control unit, gather parameters such as the pairing pressure of each sensor, differential pressure, temperature, yield.Data processing module can be data processing software, data processing module is handled the signal of each sensor, to obtain such as curves such as time-pressure, time-differential pressure, time-temperature, time-yields, is used for the situation of exploitation is analyzed.Data memory module can be stored the result and the observed image of fibre opic endoscope of data processing module.Described post-processing unit can carry out on-line measurement to parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow and liquid weights, shows its value and aggregate-value in wink, and electrode, optical fiber shooting, still is made a video recording outward and ultrasonic listening all can the on-line continuous monitoring.
To sum up, advantage of the present invention is:
1) threedimensional model in this experimental facilities can overturn, and is easy to loading and unloading.
2) can simulate multiple different mining type by this experimental facilities;
3) when simulated experiment, threedimensional model can be simulated peupendicular hole bunch and horizontal well bunch simultaneously;
4), can utilize visual window and fibre opic endoscope to observe the hydrate state of simulation inside, chamber by this experimental facilities;
5) experimental facilities of the present invention can the real simulated external environment condition, and recovery process, exploitation effect are carried out comprehensive assessment, can provide guidance by exploitation of gas hydrates.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of threedimensional model in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of threedimensional model in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is that A-A among Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 5 is that B-B among Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 6 is that C-C among Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view.
Description of reference numerals: 1-threedimensional model; The 2-temperature-controlled chamber; 3-simulates the chamber; The 4-water bath with thermostatic control; The 5-gas source; The 6-gas compressor; The 7-reducing valve; The 8-stop valve; The 9-strainer; The 10-gas flowmeter; The 11-one way valve; The 12-pressure meter; 13-working solution holding vessel; The 14-hydraulic pump; The 15-intermediate receptacle; The 16-heating tank; The 17-stop valve; The 18-vacuum system; The 19-safety valve; The 20-back-pressure valve; The 21-gas-liquid separator; The 22-gas flowmeter; The 23-fluid reservoir; The 24-differential pressure pick-up; The 25-pressure sensor; The 26-differential pressure pick-up; The 27-fibre opic endoscope; The 28-temperature pick up; The 29-electrode; The 30-data acquisition device; The 31-computer; The 32-cylindrical shell; The 33-upper flange; The 34-lower flange; The 35-bolt; The 36-water leg; 37-water leg inlet; The outlet of 38-water leg; 39-upper end gas-liquid mouth; 40-lower end gas-liquid mouth; 41-first visual window is right; 42-second visual window is right; 43-first ultrasonic probe; 44-second ultrasonic probe; The 45-sample tap; 46-vertical centre well bunch; The 47-first vertical side well bunch; The 48-second vertical side well bunch; 49-the 3rd vertical side well bunch; 50-the 4th vertical side well bunch; 51-first horizontal well bunch; 52-second horizontal well bunch; 53-the 3rd horizontal well bunch; The 54-insulating board; The last cap rock of 55-; The 56-hydrate layer; Cap rock under the 57-.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples content of the present invention is described further.
See also Fig. 1-Fig. 6, a kind of three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate, threedimensional model 1 place in the temperature-controlled chamber 2, are the simulation chamber 3 of sealing in the threedimensional model 1, are provided with eight groups of simulation wells bunch, two pairs of visual windows on this threedimensional model 1.Natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module and post-processing unit all are connected to threedimensional model 1 by control valve and pipeline respectively; Be equipped with sensor in threedimensional model, natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, the back pressure control module, each sensor is electrically connected with post-processing unit with data wire by holding wire.Simulation chamber 3 is connected with stop valve 17, safety valve 19, vacuum system 18 respectively.
Wherein, threedimensional model 1 is cylindrical stainless steel cauldron, comprises cylindrical shell 32, upper flange 33, lower flange 34.Form the simulation chamber 3 of sealing between cylindrical shell 32, upper flange 33, the lower flange 34 by bolt 35.The inboard in the simulation chamber that described cylindrical shell 32, upper flange 33, lower flange 34 threes constitute is provided with insulating board 54.Insulating board 54 can reduce simulation chamber 3 and extraneous interchange of heat, improves the constant temperature effect in simulation chamber 3.Be to improve the heat exchange effect of threedimensional model 1, more accurately threedimensional model 1 is carried out temperature control, be provided with water leg 36 in the outside of described cylindrical shell 32, water leg is connected with water bath with thermostatic control 4 by water leg inlet 37, water leg outlet 38.Upper flange 33 middle parts of threedimensional model 1 are provided with upper end gas-liquid mouth 39, and lower flange 34 middle parts are provided with lower end gas-liquid mouth 40.Upper end gas-liquid mouth 39, lower end gas-liquid mouth 40 all communicate with described natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit by control valve.
Simulation is divided into cap rock 55, hydrate layer 56 and following cap rock 56 in the chamber.The hydrate layer 56 that wherein will simulate in the chamber is divided into 3 detection layers, is respectively upper strata detection layers, middle level detection layers and lower floor's detection layers (A-A profile position, B-B profile position, the C-C profile position of corresponding diagram 2 respectively).5 equally distributed well bunch interfaces are set on the described upper flange 33, wherein upper flange 33 centers are vertical centre well bunches 46, and 4 well bunch interfaces are respectively the first vertical side well bunch 47, the second vertical side well bunch the 48, the 3rd vertical side well bunch 49 vertical side wells with the 4th bunches 50 all around.Described vertical centre well bunch 46 vertical side wells with first bunch 47, the second vertical side well bunch the 48, the 3rd vertical side well bunch 49 vertical side wells with the 4th bunches 50 are made up of 3 well casings that stretch into simulation chamber 3 different depths respectively, and well casing extend into 3 detection layers (distinguishing A-A profile position, B-B profile position, the C-C profile position of corresponding diagram 2) from upper flange respectively.Described cylindrical shell 32 sidewalls are provided with 3 groups of horizontal wells bunch: first horizontal well bunch 51, second horizontal well bunch the 52 and the 3rd horizontal well bunches 53.Described first horizontal well bunch 51, second horizontal well bunch the 52 and the 3rd horizontal well bunches 53 stretches into simulation chamber 3 (position of stretching into is A-A profile position, B-B profile position, the C-C profile position of corresponding diagram 2 respectively) from sidewall respectively, and radially runs through hydrate layer 56.Peupendicular hole bunch and horizontal well bunch link to each other with threedimensional model 1 by dismountable spiral marking connection respectively.Each peupendicular hole bunch and horizontal well bunch all communicate with described natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module and post-processing unit by control valve.
Described working solution feed unit comprises working solution holding vessel 13, hydraulic pump 14, intermediate receptacle 15, heating tank 16, the stop valve 17 that is communicated with successively, the delivery outlet of working solution feed unit and described peupendicular hole bunch, horizontal well bunch and upper end gas-liquid mouth 39, lower end gas-liquid mouth 40 communicate, and the sensor on the working solution feed unit is the hydraulic pump 14 that liquid-pressure pick-up is housed.Intermediate receptacle 15 is when experimentation need add auxiliary agent, avoids auxiliary agent to the damage of hydraulic pump 14 and a kind of indirect container that uses.In hydrate heat injection exploitation experiment, it is temperature required to need that heating tank 16 is heated to experiment, and working solution is flowed through and entered in the threedimensional model 1 after the heating tank 16 abundant heat exchange.
Described natural gas feed unit comprises gas source 5, gas compressor 6, reducing valve 7, stop valve 8, strainer 9, gas flowmeter 10 and the one way valve 11 that is communicated with successively, 11 places also are provided with pressure meter 12 at one way valve, the delivery outlet of natural gas feed unit and described peupendicular hole bunch, horizontal well bunch and upper end gas-liquid mouth 39, lower end gas-liquid mouth 40 communicate, and the described sensing element on this natural gas feed unit comprises gas flowmeter 10.Gas flowmeter 10 measured gas flow value input data processing units carry out analyzing and processing.
Described environment control unit comprises the water leg 36 that is connected with water bath with thermostatic control 4 in temperature-controlled chamber 2, threedimensional model 1 outside.By environment control unit threedimensional model 1 is carried out accuracy control over temperature.Described sensing element comprises the temperature pick up 28 in water bath with thermostatic control 4 and the temperature-controlled chamber 2.
Described back pressure control module comprises back-pressure valve 20, gas-liquid separator 21 and the gas flowmeter 22 that is connected with this gas-liquid separator 21, fluid reservoir 23 and the differential pressure pick-up 24 that is connected with this fluid reservoir 23.Sensor comprises gas flowmeter 22, differential pressure pick-up 24.The back pressure control module is mainly pointed out mouth pressure control and output metering, back-pressure valve 20 is used to control outlet pressure, gas, liquid after separating that gas-liquid separator 21 is incited somebody to action wherein, measure the amount of natural gas of simulation mining by gas flowmeter 22, the liquid of simulation mining flows into fluid reservoir 23, utilizes the differential pressure pick-up 24 that is connected with this fluid reservoir 23 to measure this amount of liquid.This back pressure control module also can comprise back pressure gas cylinder, reducing valve, pressure meter, atmospheric valve.
Post-processing unit comprises data acquisition device 30, computer 31, and vasculum 30 is connected with computer 31.In computer 31, be provided with data acquisition module, data processing module, data memory module.Data acquisition device 30 is connected with computer 31.Parameters such as the pressure that each sensing element of data collecting module collected is responded to, differential pressure, temperature, yield.Data processing module can be data processing software or other structure, and data processing module is handled the signal of each sensor, to obtain curves such as time-pressure, time-differential pressure, time-temperature, time-yield, is used for the situation of exploitation is analyzed.Data memory module can be stored result, the fibre opic endoscope 27 observed images of data processing module.The temperature of described post-processing unit, pressure, flow and liquid weight are measured all and can be worth and aggregate-value in its wink of on-line measurement, and electrode, optical fiber are made a video recording, still is made a video recording outward and ultrasonic listening all can the on-line continuous monitoring.
What this manual was enumerated is better embodiment of the present invention only, and all equivalent technologies conversion of being done under operating principle of the present invention and thinking all are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate comprises threedimensional model (1), natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module, environment control unit and post-processing unit; It is characterized in that:
Described threedimensional model (1) is that withstand voltage scope is 5～40MPa, and cavity volume is the cylindrical stainless steel cauldron of 50～500L, and inner chamber three dimensions length is greater than 500mm; Described stainless steel cauldron forms simulation chamber (3) by upper flange (33), cylindrical shell (32) and lower flange (34) by some bolt sealings; The inboard in described simulation chamber (3) is provided with dismountable insulating board (54); Described upper flange (33), lower flange (34) middle part are provided with each one of upper end gas-liquid inlet (39), lower end gas-liquid inlet (40) respectively; Be provided with on the described upper flange and vacuumize interface, be used for being connected with vacuumizing device;
After described simulation chamber (3) is injected into natural gas and working solution, in the chamber, form hydrate layer; Hydrate layer is divided into n detection layers along depth direction, and wherein n is 2～5 layers; Sample tap (45), fibre opic endoscope (27), temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface all are set on each detection layers plane of a described n detection layers; Described temperature survey interface, pressure measxurement interface and electrode interface are arranged on inside, described simulation chamber (3); Described sample tap (45) and fibre opic endoscope (27) are arranged on the cylindrical shell wall body of threedimensional model, and draw outside the simulation chamber (3) by lead-in wire; Visual window (41,42) also is set on the cylindrical shell wall body of described threedimensional model (1);
Described threedimensional model (1) is provided with the well bunch that stretches into simulation inside, chamber, and the described well that stretches into simulation inside, chamber bunch comprises peupendicular hole bunch (46,47,48,49,50) and horizontal well bunch (51,52,53); Described peupendicular hole bunches (46,47,48,49,50) there are 5 groups or 9 groups, have under 5 groups the situation, wherein 4 groups as vertical side well bunch, has under 9 groups the situation, wherein 8 groups as vertical side well bunch, the vertical side well of 4 groups or 8 groups bunch is square profile, and remaining 1 group as vertical centre well bunch, be located at the central authorities of vertical side well bunch; Described peupendicular hole bunch (46,47,48,49,50) is made up of some well casings, and described some well casings stretch to n detection layers of the different depth in the simulation chamber respectively; Described horizontal well bunch (51,52,53) stretches into each layer of a described n detection layers, and each horizontal well bunch is made up of 1～2 horizontal well tube;
The natural gas output pipe of described natural gas feed unit is with after the working solution output pipe of described working solution feed unit is connected, again with threedimensional model (1) on gas-liquid inlet (39,40) connect; Described at least one well casing that stretches in the inner well in simulation chamber (3) bunch is connected with the collection pipeline of back pressure control module; Described threedimensional model (1) is in the middle of the environment control unit;
Described threedimensional model (1), natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module and environment control unit are provided with some sensors, and described sensor is electrically connected with post-processing unit.
2. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described natural gas feed unit comprises gas source (5), reducing valve (7), gas compressor (6), reducing valve (7), stop valve (8), strainer (9), gas flowmeter (10), the one way valve (11) that is communicated with successively, natural gas output pipe; Sensor on the natural gas feed unit comprises gas flowmeter (10) at least.
3. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described working solution feed unit comprises working solution holding vessel (13), hydraulic pump (14), intermediate receptacle (15), heating tank (16), stop valve (17) and the working solution output pipe that is communicated with successively.
4. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described back pressure control module comprises back-pressure valve (20), gas-liquid separator (21) and the fluid reservoir (23) that is communicated with successively; Gas flowmeter (22) is housed on gas-liquid separator (21), differential pressure pick-up (24) is housed on fluid reservoir (23); The back pressure control module, is communicated with well casing on the threedimensional model as gathering pipeline with a pipe interface of back-pressure valve.
5. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water leg (36) that is connected with water bath with thermostatic control (4) on described environment control unit comprises the temperature-controlled chamber (2) that holds threedimensional model and is arranged on threedimensional model (1) outside wall body; Sensor on the environment control unit comprises the temperature pick up (28) that is installed in the temperature-controlled chamber (2) and in the water bath with thermostatic control (4) at least.
6. three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described post-processing unit comprises data acquisition device (30) and computer (31), and data acquisition device (30) is electrically connected with computer (31); Data acquisition module, data processing module and data memory module are set in computer at least; Data acquisition module and threedimensional model (1), natural gas feed unit, working solution feed unit, back pressure control module are connected with sensor electrical on the environment control unit.
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