CN109633754B - Simulation method of natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device - Google Patents
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device, which comprises the following steps: establishing and debugging a model main body and a one-dimensional long pipe model according to geological parameters of a simulated region; filling the formation pressure into the model body by using a simulated formation pressure injection system, and maintaining high-pressure dynamic balance; filling pressure into the simulated well pattern through a displacement pressure injection system and recording a dynamic filling pressure value in real time; the dynamic balance of the simulated temperature and pressure is maintained through an open temperature maintaining device and a pneumatic pressure compensating device; changing simulated temperature and pressure simulation real-time data; synchronously collecting macroscopic displacement parameters and microscopic test results, and merging, comparing and analyzing; comprehensive analysis and test are carried out from macroscopic simulation and microscopic test, and actual geological parameters can be fully simulated in the simulation process, so that the simulation effect is closer to the actual development effect, the simulated structure can be directly applied to the actual development guidance, and the economic benefit is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrate simulation devices, in particular to a simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device.
Background
Considerable reserves promote the continuous progress of development technology, and the innovation of the technology drives the high-efficiency movement of the reserves. Since this century, natural gas hydrate has been recognized worldwide as a clean energy source to replace conventional fossil fuels. The world has found hydrate deposit points over 200, and only 15% of hydrates can be exploited for the global use for 200 years according to the current energy consumption trend. However, the stable temperature and pressure conditions formed by the mining method determine the particularity of the mining method, and the influence on the environment during the mining process is still to be further evaluated. Therefore, most of the current research on hydrate mining is in the phase of laboratory physical and numerical simulation, except that few countries and regions have already performed pilot mining of a single well or a single well group.
In order to develop and utilize this huge energy resource, researchers have proposed many methods:
firstly, a heat injection method: heating the hydrate above the equilibrium temperature with injection of hot water, steam or hot brine to decompose;
a depressurization method: reducing the pressure of the hydrate reservoir to below the equilibrium decomposition pressure;
③ chemical agent method: a chemical agent, such as methanol or ethylene glycol, is injected to change the hydrate equilibrium generating conditions.
Based on the method, simulation is generally needed before actual exploitation, and the research on exploiting methane hydrate by a thermal method in domestic and foreign experiments is limited to one-dimensional long core holders and two-dimensional vertical well simulation. However, the development of the hydrate is not different from that of the conventional oil gas, and is also a process that the pressure of a three-dimensional seepage field continuously drops. In order to more truly and effectively understand and master important sensitive parameters influencing trial production, such as reservoir physical properties, temperature, pressure, yield change rules and the like under different development modes and different development well group conditions in the synthesis and decomposition of hydrates, the experimental simulation of three-dimensional hydrate production is carried out, particularly, the decomposition behavior of the hydrates is researched on a three-dimensional scale, the significance is high, and a theoretical basis is provided for actual production. The existing simulation device has the following defects:
(1) the existing simulation device can not construct a specific stratum structure according to actual geological data or simulate the actual environment through the stratum structure, and because the process is difficult to effectively simulate, the simulation effect is inconsistent with the actual result or obviously different from the actual result, the simulation result can not be directly used for guiding actual production and can only be used as an auxiliary basis for theoretical guidance;
(2) the existing simulation device is often closed, the simulated conditions are limited by a model body, all parameters and the simulated conditions cannot be combined to form dynamic balance, and the dynamic environment of the hydrate cannot be simulated;
(3) in the prior simulation device, a fixed structure is arranged between the model body and the base, but the fixed structure limits the application range of the model, namely, for a model, what type of well pattern is preset for simulating can only simulate the type, and cannot exceed the range, which is obviously unscientific.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device comprises the following steps:
step 100, establishing and debugging a model, namely establishing a model main body according to geological parameters of a simulated region, debugging the established model main body and putting a rock core into a one-dimensional long pipe model;
200, simulating the filling of the formation pressure, namely filling the formation pressure in the model body through a simulated formation pressure injection system, realizing the dynamic balance of the pressure through a control system, and maintaining the dynamic balance;
step 300, displacement simulation, namely filling displacement pressure into a simulation well pattern according to a design scheme through a displacement pressure injection system, changing the change of the displacement pressure through a control system, and recording displacement parameters through a built-in sensor;
step 400, correcting the rock core by a compensating core barrel and arranging the corrected rock core in a rock core holder, and maintaining dynamic balance of simulated temperature and pressure by an open temperature maintaining device and a pneumatic pressure compensating device;
500, changing the simulated temperature and pressure according to the simulation requirement, and acquiring simulated real-time data through a built-in sensor;
step 600, synchronously collecting macroscopic displacement parameters and microscopic test results, and combining the two groups of data for analysis to obtain an analysis structure.
Further, in step 100, the simulated formation in the model body is composed of graded particulate sediment components of the simulated zone, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
101, acquiring the composition, grading particles and physical parameters of the stratum of a simulated area through seismic and well logging data;
102, mixing silt with the same grading particles through glue based on the parameters, and setting natural textures in a simulation stratum and a transitional prosody layer positioned on a boundary;
103, synchronously manufacturing all simulated stratums according to the steps, synchronously putting the simulated stratums into high-pressure toughened glass, determining the mould pressing pressure according to physical parameters and driving a pressure changing plate to compact the mould pressing pressure;
and step 104, setting a reservoir body and a simulation well pattern while molding and compacting the model main body, and debugging the built-in sensor and the simulation well pattern after synchronous compression molding until the debugging is normal.
Further, in step 200, the specific steps of simulating formation pressure charge are:
and step 203, continuing to increase the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of the balance secondary booster pump by the pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value.
Further, in step 300, the specific steps of the filling of the displacement pressure are:
and 302, collecting data of a primary air pressure meter after primary pressurization of the produced gas booster pump and data of a produced injection air pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the continuous booster pump by the produced air pressure data collecting unit, or collecting data of a primary water pressure meter after primary pressurization of the piston water injection booster pump and data of an injection water pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the pipeline booster pump by the produced water pressure data collecting unit.
And 303, the main control processor receives pressure values of the mining air pressure data collection unit and the mining water pressure data collection unit, and drives the air pressure adjustment implementation unit or the water pressure adjustment implementation unit to change the pressurization intensity of the two air pumps or the two water pumps according to the pressure data until the pressure value in the sensor assembly detection model main body reaches a set value.
Further, in step 400, the specific steps of fixing the core in the core holder by the compensating core barrel are as follows: the method comprises the steps of measuring to obtain the accurate length of an actually measured rock core, marking calibration points at two ends of the rock core along the axis of the rock core, enabling the length in a rock core holder to be slightly larger than the length of the actually measured rock core through rotating a compensation rod according to the accurate length of the actual measurement, placing the rock core in annular wave ridges along the axial direction of the rock core holder, slowly rotating the compensation rod until the rock core is tightly fixed between the two annular wave ridges, and then slowly twisting a pressure buffer column until the calibration points at two ends of the rock core are located on the same axis again.
Further, in step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the temperature balance in the displacement chamber by the open temperature maintaining device are as follows:
closing all valves on the fuel gas replenishing pipe, and starting the internal circulation air pump to enable the open type temperature maintaining device to be in a non-heating internal circulation state;
opening a gate valve and a check valve, adjusting the flow of the fuel gas to the lowest allowable flow through an adjusting valve, and igniting and heating the fuel gas by a natural gas heater until the whole circulation process is preheated;
after preheating, the regulating valves are all opened, the whole device is heated by maximum firepower, manual intervention is canceled to reduce the temperature to a preheating point after the temperature control device alarms for more than 3min, and then the self-adjustment of the temperature to the set temperature is realized through an internal circulation process by inputting the set temperature into the temperature control device;
and opening water cooling systems arranged at two ends of the natural gas heater to actively cool the device, setting the active cooling power in a controllable stirring range, and realizing dynamic balance of temperature through feedback adjustment of the temperature control system.
Further, in step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the pressure balance in the displacement chamber through the pneumatic pressure compensation device are as follows:
and step 402, manually intervening the top valve to enable the pressure in the displacement chamber to reach the highest value, automatically opening the pressure control pipe and the damping pipe, and canceling the manual intervention to enable the top valve to be in a self-control state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention comprehensively utilizes the three-dimensional simulation and one-dimensional model devices to comprehensively analyze and test from macroscopic simulation and microscopic test, and can fully simulate the actual geological parameters in the simulation process, so that the simulation effect is closer to the actual development effect, the simulated structure can be directly applied to the actual development guidance, and the economic benefit is more realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a model body according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the mold body of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gangue layer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an angled vertical plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a locking structure of the present invention when the rotation angle of the model body is small;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the locking structure of the present invention when the rotation angle of the model body is large;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the locking mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a one-dimensional long tube model system according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a core holder configuration according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a compensating core barrel configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an open temperature maintenance device according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the pneumatic pressure compensating device of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an injection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic bottom view of the injection system of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the valve stem rotation configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a block diagram of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a flow chart of a method of using the apparatus of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-a model support base; 2-model ontology; 3-a rotating mechanism; 4-a locking mechanism; 5-model well pattern; 6-an outward convex circular ring; 7-cutting the inward-sinking groove; 8-a limit long rod; 9-wear resistant slide block; 10-smooth track; 11-angle vertical plate; 12-scale line; 13-hollowing out the observation port; 14-a cushion elastic pad; 15-temperature sensor interface; 16-a pressure sensor interface; 17-a resistive sensor electrode; 18-installing and positioning threaded holes; 19-an inward-sinking groove; 20-sealing rubber gasket; 21-bottom water cavity; 22-water injection hole; 23-core simulation cavity; 24-displacement pressure supply chamber; 25-a high pressure bushing; 26-a floating inner piston; 27-a displacement chamber; 28-a pneumatic pressure float chamber; 29-a compensatory core barrel; 30-a core holder; 31-open temperature maintenance device; 32-pneumatic pressure compensation means; 33-simulating a formation pressure injection system; 34-displacement pressure injection system; 35-lettering of switch identification; 36-a water injection tank; 37-a water separator; 38-water injection pipeline; 39-primary water pressure gauge; 40-pipeline booster pump; 41-injection water pressure gauge; 42-on-off control valve; 43-a flow monitor; 44-a drive motor; 45-rotating the direction pointer;
201-a frame of a zigzag shape; 202-variable pressure plate; 203-force application cylinder; 204-a pressurizing rubber ring; 205-high pressure toughened glass; 206-simulating a formation; 207-plastic soft flow layer; 208-a gangue layer; 209-liquid injection and pressurization transfer device; 210-a pressurized guide tube; 211-a reservoir;
207A-semi-plastically deformable layer; 207B-hydraulic top plate;
209A-buffer airbag; 209B-liquid injection plenum; 209C-parallel liquid separating pipes; 209D-liquid filled dispensing chamber; 209E-liquid filled connecting column;
301-a servo motor; 302-a drive gear; 303-supporting the upright post; 304-smooth circular perforations; 305-straight fixed rod; 306-a large diameter arc; 307-a rotational bearing; 308-a toothed bar; 309-push the long rod;
401-a locking sleeve; 402-rotating the bar; 403-locking the threaded rod; 404-positioning a card strip; 405-a threaded hole; 406-a threaded section;
501-injection and production base; 502-injection and production well pipe; 503-sensor probe; 504-deviated well tubing; 505-horizontal well tubing;
2901-jacking the base; 2902-length compensator; 2903-spiral base; 2904-compensation rod; 2905-pushing and lifting seat;
3001-gas-tight sleeve; 3002-push plug; 3003-ring wave ridge; 3004-hard return spring; 3005-pressure buffer column; 3006-annular guide substrate; 3007-a guide bar; 3008-torque base; 3009-a jacket column;
3101-heat radiating fins; 3102-thermal cycling into tubes; 3103-heat cycle return pipe; 3104-natural gas heaters; 3105-regulating valve; 3106-gas supplementary pipes; 3107-temperature control means; 3108-internal circulation air pump; 3109-gate valve; 3110-check valves;
3201-internal pressure base; 3202-top valve; 3203 inserting a sleeve; 3204-pneumatically adjusting the valve core; 3205-piston rod; 3206-sliding sleeve; 3207-piston column; 3208-high pressure gas channel;
3301-Balanced high pressure Generator room; 3302-balanced pressure booster pump; 3303-extraction line; 3304-negative pressure turbine slurry; 3305-conveying pipe; 3306-Primary pressure gauge; 3307-two-stage booster pump; 3308-flow control regulating valve; 3309-balanced injection barometer; 3310-switch valve;
3401-distributing gas and adding water in mining; 3402-a gas production booster pump; 3403-piston water injection booster pump; 3404-collecting pipe; 3405-negative pressure turbine slurry; 3406-pumping water and distributing pipes; 3407-branch air extraction pipe; 3408-air injection box; 3409-antioxidant pipeline; 3410-primary barometer; 3411-a continuous pressure pump; 3412-production injection barometer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device, which comprises a three-dimensional model system and a one-dimensional long pipe simulation system which are independent from each other, wherein the three-dimensional model system comprises a model main body and a rotating mechanism, an injection system is arranged on the model main body, and the injection system comprises a simulation system, a formation pressure injection system and a displacement pressure injection system.
In the above, the three-dimensional simulation system is used for realizing three-dimensional injection and production simulation, and the three-dimensional simulation system has the obvious advantage that a real original environment can be simulated according to the actual geological parameters of the simulated stratum, and the injection and production process can be reproduced based on the original environment. In addition, the one-dimensional long pipe simulation system tests the seepage performance of the actual mining rock core, grasps the relation between the permeability and the saturation of the hydrate formation and the influence of water and substance decomposition on the formation permeability, and can simulate the influence of the invasion of drilling fluid on the conductivity of the hydrate formation under different conditions, so that the development process is truly reproduced through macroscopic and microscopic simulation processes.
The simulation device comprises a three-dimensional model system and a one-dimensional long pipe simulation system which are mutually independent, wherein the three-dimensional model system comprises a model supporting base 1, a model main body 2 is installed on the model supporting base 1, a rotating mechanism 3 used for driving the model main body 2 to rotate is further arranged on the model supporting base 1, a locking mechanism 4 used for keeping the stability of an inclined state is further arranged on the model main body 2, and a model well pattern 5 is arranged on the upper end surface of the model main body 1.
The model main body 2 comprises a frame plate 201 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui', a pressure-changing plate 202 parallel to the upper plate and the lower plate of the frame plate 201 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui' is arranged in the frame plate 201 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui', a force-applying cylinder 203 for pushing the pressure-changing plate 202 to move up and down is arranged at the bottom of the frame plate 201 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui', and a pressurizing rubber ring 204 for improving the sealing performance is.
In addition, the inner surface of the frame plate 201 is provided with transparent high-pressure toughened glass 205, a plurality of groups of simulated stratums 206 are sequentially arranged in the high-pressure toughened glass 205 from bottom to top, natural textures are arranged in the simulated stratums 206, and a transitional rhythm layer is arranged between each adjacent group of simulated stratums 206.
In the present invention, it should be particularly noted that the simulated formation 206 is simulated directly according to the geological parameters of the simulated region, and the specific method of the simulation is as follows:
the simulated formation is composed of graded particle sediment components of a simulated area, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
101, acquiring the composition, grading particles and physical parameters of the stratum of a simulated area through seismic and well logging data;
102, mixing silt with the same grading particles through glue based on the parameters, and setting natural textures in a simulation stratum and a transitional prosody layer positioned on a boundary;
and 103, synchronously manufacturing all simulated stratums according to the steps, synchronously putting the simulated stratums into high-pressure toughened glass, determining the mould pressing pressure according to the physical property parameters, and driving the pressure changing plate to compact the pressure changing plate.
In the steps, silt mixed according to the particle grade is filled into each group of simulated formations for at least 2 times, and the simulated formations are grouped and precompacted, wherein the times of pressurizing for multiple times are not less than 3 times.
Based on the method, the simulated stratum can completely simulate the geological structure of the simulated area, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional simulation device, the simulated stratum is remarkably characterized by the following two aspects: on one hand, the injection and production conditions of the region can be more accurately researched based on the geological simulation by accurately simulating the geological conditions of the region, so that a theoretical basis is provided for actual development; in addition, because the mode of pre-compacting and integral die pressing is adopted, some unpredictable situations can be generated on the premise of keeping the original geological factors, and the occurrence of the situation can deeply simulate the structure derived according to the stress change, so that the method has more practical guiding significance, and overcomes the defect that the existing simulation is only used for simulating a certain factor, so that the complicated stress factor is considered to be avoided, and the simulation result cannot be applied to the actual situation.
Be located the variable pressure board 202 of roof and be located and be equipped with plasticity trickle flow layer 207 between the simulation stratum 206 of topmost layer, and all be equipped with in the simulation stratum 206 or between adjacent simulation stratum 206 and press from both sides the waste rock layer 208, equal fixed mounting has liquid injection pressure transfer device 209 in pressing from both sides the waste rock layer 208, be connected with a plurality of mutual independence on the liquid injection pressure transfer device 209 and set up the pressure filling stand pipe 210 in different simulation stratum 206, wherein, be provided with random distribution's reservoir body 211 on the interface of simulation stratum 206.
The reservoir 211 is pre-compression molded by glue according to the composition, grading particles and physical parameters of the formation of the simulation zone, and micro-fractures and faults are set after compression molding according to the geological structure of the simulation zone.
In the invention, another characteristic superior to the conventional simulation device is that the underground pressure can be dynamically simulated, differential pressures can be formed in different areas in the simulated formation 206 by the cooperation of the injection system and the liquid injection and pressure charging transfer device, and the pressure inside the formation is in a heterogeneous and dynamic balance state by the maintenance of the pressure, and the heterogeneous and dynamic balance can be manually controlled, so that the simulation effect can be more closely matched with actual geological conditions, and further matched with the actual effect.
The simulation well pattern 5 is including setting up the notes production base 501 that is latticed evenly distributed on the frame board 201 of the square-type of calligraphy, the notes production base 501 is gone up fixed mounting and is had the notes production well casing 502 that passes variable pressure plate 202 and plasticity soft flow layer 207 in proper order, be provided with evenly distributed's sensor probe 503 in the notes production well casing 502, just be provided with inclined shaft well casing 504 and horizontal well casing 505 on the notes production well casing 502.
Annotate liquid pressure transfer device 209 including setting up the buffering gasbag 209A in pressing from both sides waste layer 208, divide into a plurality of mutually independent notes liquid pressure chamber 209B with it through a plurality of group's spacers in the buffering gasbag 209A, just annotate liquid and fill the liquid pipe intercommunication through connecting in order between the pressure chamber 209B, all be equipped with the accuse on the notes liquid pipe and press the check valve, it fills the pressure chamber 209B and is connected with the notes liquid that is located the end through dividing liquid pipe 209C side by side to pressurize the stand pipe 210.
The parallel liquid distribution pipe 209C comprises a liquid filling distribution cavity 209D, a plurality of independent liquid filling connection columns 209E are fixedly mounted on the liquid filling distribution cavity 209D, the liquid filling connection columns 209E are respectively communicated with a pressurizing guide pipe 210, a pressure control liquid supplementing valve is arranged in each liquid filling connection column 209E, a pressure sensor extending into the pressurizing guide pipe 210 is arranged on each pressure control liquid supplementing valve, a group of embedding buckles used for fixing the pressurizing guide pipe 210 in the simulated formation are arranged on the pressurizing guide pipe 210 at equal intervals, and two groups of embedding buckles which are mutually crossed are arranged at the tail end of the pressurizing guide pipe 210.
In the embodiment, by setting the structural characteristics, the pressure given by the injection system can be kept stable for a long time in the device, that is, the device can ensure that the injected formation pressure is in a set initial stable state, the pressure can not be injected again in the later period of the simulation, and because the later period simulates the mining process, the formation pressure is continuously reduced, the pressure can be slowly supplemented through the pressure buffering capacity of the device, and the actual high-pressure recovery state can be simulated.
The surface of the plastic soft flow layer 207 is provided with a semi-plastic deformation layer 207A with uneven thickness, a hydraulic top plate 207B for supporting the semi-plastic deformation layer 207A is uniformly arranged in the semi-plastic deformation layer 207A, and the other end of the hydraulic top plate 207B is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the upper plate of the rectangular frame plate 201. By optimizing the structural characteristics of the simulated formation 206, after the pre-pressing is performed, the plastic structure can form folds, the rigid structure can form faults and the like during the integral die pressing through the structure, and different stress states can be simulated in the simulated formation.
The rotating mechanism 3 comprises two servo motors 301 arranged on the upper surface of a model supporting base 1, output shafts of the two servo motors 301 are connected with a driving gear 302, one side of the model supporting base 1 is provided with two supporting upright posts 303, the tops of the two supporting upright posts 303 are respectively provided with a smooth circular perforation 304, a straight fixed rod 305 is fixedly arranged by penetrating the two smooth circular perforation 304, the straight fixed rod 305 is provided with two large-diameter arc-shaped plates 306 which are respectively parallel to the front plate and the rear plate of the model body 2, the two large-diameter arc-shaped plates 306 rotate around the straight fixed rod 305 through a rotating bearing 307, the edge position of the large-diameter arc-shaped plate 306 is provided with a tooth-shaped strip 308 which is meshed with the driving gear 302, the tooth-shaped strip 308 drives the large-diameter arc-shaped plates 306 through the mutual meshing with the driving gear 302, and the outer side surfaces of the two large-diameter, the ends of the two long pushing rods 309 are respectively installed at the central positions of the front and rear plates of the model body 2, and both ends of each long pushing rod 309 are respectively rotated around the model body 2 and the large-diameter arc-shaped plate 306.
The straight going fixed rod 305 is all equipped with the evagination ring 6 of fixing the pole 305 integration with the straight going in the both sides of major diameter arc 306, the lower extreme of evagination ring 6 all is equipped with cutting sunken recess 7 in, it has spacing stock 8 around evagination ring 6 pivoted to articulate in the sunken recess 7 in the cutting, the lower extreme of spacing stock 8 is equipped with wear-resisting slider 9, along it is equipped with smooth track 10 to promote stock 309 major axis direction, wear-resisting slider 9 can be along smooth track 10 inside removal.
The equal fixed mounting in both sides has the perpendicular board of angle 11 around returning font frame plate 201, the edge of the perpendicular board of angle 11 is equipped with the scale mark 12 of 0 ~ 90 angle scope, the inside of the perpendicular board of angle 11 is equipped with the fretwork viewing aperture 13 of being convenient for observe back font frame plate 201 inclination.
The upper surface of the model supporting base 1 is laid with a buffering elastic cushion 14 for reducing the vertical rotation of the frame plate 201 in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui'.
Locking mechanism 4 is including setting up the locking sleeve 401 of two boards around returning font frame plate 201, the side of locking sleeve 401 is connected with rotary rod 402, locking sleeve 401 sets up respectively on two perpendicular edge central points of two boards around returning font frame plate 201, rotary rod 402 can rotate around the perpendicular edge bottom of two boards around returning font frame plate 201 respectively, the inside of locking sleeve 401 is equipped with locking threaded rod 403, be equipped with two on the model support base 1 and return font frame plate 201 two parallel locator card strips 404 of board around, along be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's screw hole 405 on the major axis of locator card strip 404.
The upper end and the lower end of the locking threaded rod 403 are both provided with a threaded section 406, the threaded section 406 at the upper end of the locking threaded rod 403 is locked with the locking sleeve 401 through threaded engagement, and the threaded section 406 at the lower end of the locking threaded rod 403 is locked with the threaded hole 405 through threaded engagement.
Each surface of the frame plate 201 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed temperature sensor interfaces 15 and pressure sensor interfaces 16, each surface of the frame plate 201 is also provided with a plurality of resistance sensor electrodes 17 reflecting heat injection temperature, and the inner surfaces of the frame plates 201 corresponding to the temperature sensor interfaces 15, the pressure sensor interfaces 16 and the resistance sensor electrodes 17 are provided with mounting and positioning threaded holes 18.
Each of the temperature sensor interfaces 15, the pressure sensor interfaces 16 and the resistance sensor electrodes 17 is provided with an inward-sinking groove 19 on the outer surface of the frame plate 201 corresponding to the rectangular shape, and the inward-sinking groove 19 is connected with a sealing rubber pad 20 through a thread.
As an embodiment of the above, a bottom water cavity 21 for buffering the flow velocity of the fluid and absorbing the impact energy is provided on the pressure changing plate 202, a plurality of water injection holes 22 are uniformly distributed on the bottom water cavity 21, and the positions of the water injection holes 22 vertically match and correspond to the downhole points of the model well pattern 5 one by one.
In addition, the one-dimensional long pipe model system in the invention comprises a core simulation cavity 23 and a displacement pressure supply chamber 24, wherein the inner wall of the core simulation cavity 23 is provided with a high-pressure bushing 25, and is divided inside the core simulation chamber 23 into a displacement chamber 27 and a pneumatic pressure floating chamber 28 by a floating inner piston 26, a core holder 30 is mounted inside the displacement chamber 27 via a compensating core barrel 29, the compensating core barrel 29 has the function that when the actually sampled core is not long enough, the length defect of the core can be supplemented by a compensating mechanism, the device can avoid the test defect that the core needs to be prepared manually when the core is long, thereby simplifying the whole operation process, avoiding the influence of artificial core manufacturing on the test structure, open temperature maintenance means 31 and pneumatic pressure compensation means 32 are provided on the sides of the displacement chamber 27 and the pneumatic pressure float chamber 28, respectively.
The compensating core barrel 29 comprises jacking bases 2901 fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the displacement chamber 27, length compensators 2902 are fixedly installed on the jacking bases 2901, each length compensator 2902 consists of a spiral base 2903 fixedly installed on the jacking base 2901 and a compensating rod 2904 connected with the spiral base 2903 in an engaged manner through threads, the extending length of the compensating rod 2904 can be integrally adjusted by adjusting the engaged length, so that the purpose of compensating the core length is achieved, and a pushing base 2905 is fixedly installed at the other end of the compensating rod 2904.
It is further explained in the present invention that by using the compensating core barrel 29 in this embodiment, it functions in two ways: firstly, the length of a conventional compensation mechanism is adjusted pneumatically or hydraulically, and is also adjusted by an inner rod or an outer rod, and the compensation is realized by the multi-directional meshing action of threads in the invention, so that the influence caused by high pressure in the simulation process can be avoided; next, the screw engagement structure in this embodiment is also different from the conventional engagement structure, and the main difference is that there is a screw base 2903, which realizes a multi-directional engagement of the screw, so that the compensation rod 2904 can be freely fixed at any length without being affected by the analog high voltage.
The open temperature maintaining device 31 can control the temperature within a wide range, and can flexibly adjust the temperature according to the requirement, and can save more energy in the open control in the present embodiment. Specifically, the open temperature maintaining device 31 includes a heat radiation fin 3101 disposed on the surface of the displacement chamber 27, both ends of the heat radiation fin 3101 are connected with a heat circulation inlet tube 3102 and a heat circulation return tube 3103, respectively, a natural gas heater 3104 is disposed at the connection position of the heat circulation inlet tube 3102 and the heat circulation return tube 3103, the natural gas heater 3104 is provided with a gas supply tube 3106 through an adjusting valve 3105, a temperature control device 3107 and an internal circulation gas pump 3108 are disposed at the port positions of the heat circulation inlet tube 3102 and the heat circulation return tube 3103, respectively, and the other end of the temperature control device 3107 is connected with the adjusting valve 3105.
It should be further noted that the temperature control of the conventional model is realized by a thermostatic water bath and a heating tank, but it is known in common knowledge that the accurate temperature control is difficult to realize by the above structure only, because: the thermostatic waterbath does keep the temperature fluctuation within a certain range, but only for a semi-open semi-closed or an open space, while for a fully closed structure, because the thermostatic waterbath also needs the temperature to maintain the temperature of the waterbath, the constant heating is necessary, which leads to the slow temperature rise, and in the comparison document, the constant heating involves the direct heating through a heating tank and the direct heating enters a three-dimensional model after heat exchange, which increases the factors of unstable and inaccurate temperature control. Therefore, the conventional simulation device can only simulate the temperature in the real environment when the temperature is controlled by using the method, the physical and chemical conditions in the real environment have large fluctuation, the data obtained by measurement have errors, the effect of strict control precision cannot be obtained, and only an approximate fluctuation range can be simulated.
In the present invention, the temperature maintaining device is an open heating device or an open cooling device, and the temperature rise and fall in the thermostatic chamber are controlled by an open system, and according to the present invention: the open systems are a thermal cycle inlet pipe 3102 and a thermal cycle return pipe 3103, respectively. Through the open control mode, the temperature of the thermostatic chamber can be accurately controlled, so that the temperature requirement in the model process is met.
A gate valve 3109 and a check valve 3110 are further fixed to the gas supply pipe 3106, the control valve 3105 is provided between the gate valve 3109 and the check valve 3110, and the gate valve 3109 is connected to a desorption pipe and a supply bottle through a two-way pipe.
The pneumatic pressure compensation device 32 comprises an internal pressure base 3201 and an overhead valve 3202, the internal pressure base 3201 and the overhead valve 3202 are connected through a closed pile to form an integrated structure, an embedded sleeve 3203 is arranged between the internal pressure base 3201 and the overhead valve 3202, the embedded sleeve 3203 is provided with a pneumatic regulating valve core 3204, a piston rod 3205 penetrating through the overhead valve 3202 is sleeved in the pneumatic regulating valve core 3204, a sliding sleeve 3206 is installed at the top of the overhead valve 3202, an axially slidable piston column 3207 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 3206, the piston column 3207 is fixedly installed at the top of the piston rod 3205, and a delivery pipe communicated with the pneumatic pressure floating chamber 28 is arranged at the top of the sliding sleeve 3206.
Two sections of Z-shaped high-pressure gas channels 3208 are arranged inside the internal pressure base 3201, the two sections of high-pressure gas channels 3208 are respectively connected with a high-pressure air pump and the pneumatic pressure floating chamber 28, the embedded sleeve 3203 is arranged at the joint of the two high-pressure gas channels 3208, the communication ports of the two sections of high-pressure gas channels 3208 are respectively arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the sliding sleeve 3206, and the pneumatic regulating valve core 3204 just seals the two communication ports when being positioned at the bottommost part.
In the pneumatic pressure compensating device 32 of the present invention, the high pressure air pump is equivalent to the displacement pressure supply chamber 24, and the pressure compensation in the device is a self-compensation process, i.e. a self-adjusting pressure steady-state balancing system, and the specific processes are as follows:
the pressure supplied from the displacement pressure supply chamber 24 forms a pressure circulation path through the high-pressure gas passage 3208, and the displacement chamber 27 controls the movement of the piston rod 3205 through the piston post 3207, when the pressure in the displacement chamber 27 is sufficient, the piston post 3207 is pressed downward by the pressure to close the communication port of the high-pressure gas passage 3208, so that the pressure cannot replenish the displacement chamber 27, and when the pressure in the displacement chamber 27 is insufficient, the piston post 3207 is subjected to the displacement pressure smaller than the reset pressure, the piston rod 3205 is pulled upward by the two pressure differences to open the communication port of the high-pressure gas passage 3208, so that the pressure replenishes the displacement chamber 27 until the original dynamic equilibrium is reached, that is, the pressure equilibrium can be achieved by self-regulation action as long as the pressure is somewhat abnormal during this process, and therefore, the displacement chamber 27 is always under the set pressure under the self-regulation effect, and corresponding displacement operation is completed from beginning to end.
In the present invention, it can be further explained that, in the present technical solution, with regard to the adjustment of the pressure, the present invention is further characterized in that a compression valve and a tension valve are respectively arranged in the two pressure control pipes, and a damping pipe communicating the displacement chamber 27 and the displacement pressure supply chamber 24 is arranged between the two pressure control pipes, the pressure control pipes both play an explosion-proof role, that is, when the real-time pressure reaches a critical value, the corresponding pressure control pipe will be opened as required, and the damping pipe plays a role of micro-balance adjustment, that is, under the damping action, the pressure is always put down and diffused from high pressure to low pressure, so that the pressure balance is continuously destroyed, and the pneumatic pressure compensation device 32 supplements the pressure, so that the whole process is always in dynamic balance, and the actual pressure displacement situation can be more truly simulated.
The utility model provides a natural gas hydrate develops injection system of simulation experiment device, includes simulation system stratum pressure injection system and displacement pressure injection system, simulation stratum pressure injection system is connected through built-in transfer line and notes liquid charging transfer device, displacement pressure injection system directly establishes on notes adopt the base, and simulation stratum pressure injection system 33 is gaseous or gaseous to the internal injection of simulation body, improves the internal atmospheric pressure of simulation, and the high pressure environment that exists until pressure reaches natural gas hydrate equilibrium stability, and displacement pressure injection system 34 is used for keeping or recovering natural gas layer pressure, provides very strong drive power for natural gas exploitation, improves the pressure of natural gas to improve natural gas hydrate's exploitation speed and recovery ratio.
Wherein as an innovation point of this embodiment, simulation formation pressure injection system 33 is including balanced high pressure generating room 3301 to and set up balanced pressure booster pump 3302 in the balanced high pressure generating room 3301, balanced pressure booster pump 3302's intake-tube connection has extraction pipeline 3303, be equipped with in the extraction pipeline 3303 and be used for inhaling the negative pressure turbine thick liquid 3304 of balanced pressure booster pump 3302 with the pressurized medium, negative pressure turbine thick liquid 3304 is at first inhaled balanced pressure booster pump 3302 with the pressurized medium, and the pressurized medium improves self pressure under balanced pressure booster pump 3302's effect, and in this embodiment, when carrying out balanced high pressure injection to the model body, the pressurized medium can be injected water or injected gas, keeps the high pressure condition that natural gas hydrate exists steadily.
The exit tube of balanced pressure booster pump 3302 is connected with a plurality of pipeline 3305, be equipped with the elementary manometer 3306 that is used for detecting the display air pressure on balanced pressure booster pump 3302's the exit tube, elementary manometer 3306 mainly detects the pressure of pressure medium after balanced pressure booster pump 3302 pressure boost, and the pressure value can intelligent reading.
Every all be connected with the second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 that can produce different pressurization intensity on the pipeline 3305, the exit tube of second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 is connected with the built-in defeated pipe that is in the model body, in this embodiment, every pipeline 3305's pressurization intensity diverse to the pressure of the different storage strata of simulation natural gas hydrate, the final pressure of pressurized medium is through balanced pressure booster pump 3302 and second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 combined action between them, carry out the decomposition operation of two pressurization processes to the high pressure, can reduce balanced pressure booster pump 3302 and second grade force (forcing) pump 3307's working strength, consequently improve the life of booster pump.
The pressure boost frequency of second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 can change according to working strength, there is the regulation and control of certain limit, the pressure boost can be regulated and control the scope extensively, can simulate the exploitation condition under the different pressures of multiunit, the practicality is high, and every pipeline 3305's pressure boost intensity is acted on by balanced pressure booster pump 3302 and second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 jointly, the demand diverse of every pipeline 3305 pressure, consequently, every pipeline 305's second grade force (forcing) pump 3307 working strength is also different, guarantee to have differential pressure between the pipeline 3305.
In addition, in order to ensure that the transfer pipe 3305 reaches the minimum required value, the maximum pressurization strength of the equilibrium pressure booster pump 3302 should be no greater than the minimum required pressure for pipe punching, for example, the filling pressure of the transfer pipe 3305 to the hydrate storage layer is 5Mpa, 10Mpa and 15Mpa, respectively, and the maximum pressurization strength of the equilibrium pressure booster pump 3302 should be no greater than 5 Mpa.
A flow control regulating valve 3308 is arranged between the outlet pipe of the secondary pressure pump 3307 and the delivery pipe built in the model body, a balance injection pressure gauge 3309 and a switch valve 3310 are also arranged between the flow control regulating valve 3308 and the built-in delivery pipe, the flow control regulating valve 3308 can work in cooperation with the balance pressure booster pump 3302 and the secondary pressure pump 3307 to realize the pressure adjustment of the pressurized medium, so the indication number of the balance injection pressure gauge 3309 is determined by the balance pressure booster pump 3302, the secondary pressure pump 3307 and the balance injection pressure gauge 3309.
Based on the above, the working process of the embodiment specifically includes: the air is pressurized by a balanced pressure booster pump 3302, a secondary booster pump 3307 and a flow control regulating valve 3308, the high pressure balanced storage condition of the natural gas hydrate is simulated, and the air pressure of each delivery pipe 3305 is different mainly according to the different working intensity and switching state of the secondary booster pump 3307 and the flow control regulation valve 3308, before the conveying pipeline 3305 realizes differential partial pressure, the pressure-increasing pretreatment is carried out by using a balanced pressure booster pump 3302, the working strength of the secondary pressure pump 307 is reduced, the damage caused by the overlarge working pressure of the secondary pressure pump 307 is prevented, in addition, the pressure of the simulated high-pressure balance condition can be further increased in the regulation process of the secondary booster pump 3307 and the flow control regulation valve 3308, the regulation range of high-pressure simulation is improved, continuous pressurization treatment on water pressure or air pressure is realized, and the high-pressure range of stable balance of the simulated natural gas hydrate is expanded.
As another innovative point of the embodiment, the displacement pressure injection system 34 includes a mining gas distribution and water adding room 3401, a produced gas booster pump 3402 arranged in the mining gas distribution and water adding room 3401, and a piston water injection booster pump 3403 working independently and in parallel with the mining gas booster pump 3402, inlet pipes of the produced gas booster pump 3402 and the piston water injection booster pump 3403 are connected with a collecting pipeline 3404, negative pressure turbine slurry 3405 is also arranged in the collecting pipeline 3404, a port of the collecting pipeline 3404 is connected with a water pumping branch pipe 3406 and a gas pumping branch pipe 3407 in a branching manner, and a port of the gas pumping branch pipe 3407 is connected with a gas injection box 3408.
In the in-process of constantly exploiting and extracting methane, the pressure in the simulation body constantly reduces, according to the high pressure condition of simulation body self, collection methane that can not be fine, and this embodiment utilizes displacement pressure injection system 34 to simulate and utilizes water injection or gas injection mode to make methane gas reservoir recovery pressure, realizes the secondary gas production, and increase of production and recovery ratio carry out the secondary gas production, prevent to exploit the unclean wasting of resources that causes.
On the branch pipe 3406 that draws water and the branch pipe 3407 that draws air be equipped with on-off control valve 42 respectively, also be equipped with on-off control valve 42 on the inlet line of exploitation gas booster pump 3402 and piston water injection booster pump 3403, consequently when methane secondary exploitation, can use gas injection pressure boost or the independent parallel pressure boost mode of water injection alone realize secondary gas production, perhaps carry out secondary gas production with gas injection pressure boost and water injection pressure boost combined use, reduce water injection cost and gas injection cost, still increase the pressure to the layer of gathering simultaneously, the increase of output and recovery ratio.
The water outlet pipe of the mining gas booster pump 3402 is connected with a continuous booster pump 3411 capable of generating continuous pressurization, a first-level barometer 3410 used for detecting and displaying air pressure is arranged on an outlet pipe of the mining gas booster pump 3402, the outlet pipe of the continuous booster pump 3411 is connected with an injection and production base which is internally arranged on a model body through a plurality of oxidation-resistant pipelines 3409, a flow control regulating valve 3308 is also arranged on the oxidation-resistant pipelines 3409, a mining injection barometer 3412 and a switch valve 3310 are also arranged between the flow control regulating valve 3308 and the injection and production base, and a switch identification lettering 35 is arranged on the outlet pipe of the continuous booster pump 3411.
The water pumping branch pipe 3406 is connected with a water injection tank 36, the output end of the piston water injection booster pump 3403 is connected with a pipeline booster pump 40 capable of generating continuous pressurization strength, a primary water pressure gauge 39 for detecting air pressure is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the piston water injection booster pump 3403, the water outlet pipe of the continuous booster pump 3411 is connected with a plurality of water injection pipelines 38 through a water separator 37, the water injection pipelines 38 are connected with an injection and production base built in the model body, a flow control regulating and controlling valve 3308 is also arranged on the water injection pipelines 38, an injection water pressure gauge 41 and a switch valve 3310 are also arranged between the flow control regulating and controlling valve 3308 and the injection and production base built in the model body, and a switch identification lettering 35 is also arranged on the water outlet pipe of the pipeline booster pump 40.
The pressurization process of the displacement pressure injection system 34 is similar to the pressurization process of the simulated formation pressure injection system 33, during gas injection pressurization, firstly, a produced gas booster pump 3402 is used for primary pressurization, then, a continuous booster pump 3411 is used for secondary pressurization, a flow control regulating and controlling valve 3308 can be used for tertiary fine adjustment pressurization, the pressure intensity after tertiary pressurization is improved to simulate the injection range in the production process, the relationship between the injection intensity and the production efficiency and the production quantity is convenient to induce in the test, meanwhile, the produced gas booster pump 3402 is used for pressurization pretreatment, the working strength of the continuous pressurizing pump 3411 is reduced, the continuous pressurizing pump 3411 is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge working pressure, in addition, the continuous pressurizing pump 3411 and the flow control regulating valve 3308 realize continuous regulation of air pressure in the regulating process, and the pressure regulation range of methane exploitation is widened, so that the exploitation situation of natural gas hydrates under different gas injection pressures can be simulated. In addition, the embodiment of water injection pressurization is similar to the gas injection pressurization, and details are not repeated in the embodiment.
In addition, as a preferred embodiment, the flow control regulating valve 3308 is further associated with a flow monitor 43, a valve rod of the flow control regulating valve 3308 is connected to a driving motor 44 through a transmission assembly, a rotating direction indicator needle 45 is arranged on the valve rod of the flow control regulating valve 3308, an outlet pipe of the secondary pressure pump 3310 is provided with a switch identification lettering 35, the driving motor 44 can be connected to a control system, the common state of the flow control regulating valve 3308 is a normally open state, when the flow control regulating valve 3308 is required to assist the pressure pump to perform secondary pressurization or adjust a pressure acting range, the driving motor drives the valve rod of the flow control regulating valve 3308 to rotate, the pressure is changed through flow control, when the pressure gauge reaches a set value, the driving motor stops working, and the flow control regulating valve 3308 keeps the current state.
The flow control regulating valve 3308 assists the pressure pump to carry out secondary pressurization, enlarges the range of variable pressure adjustment, improves the efficiency of variable pressure adjustment, thereby improves the work efficiency of the whole simulation experiment.
In addition, on the basis of the device and the system, the invention provides a control system of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device, which comprises a main control processor, a well pattern distinguishing control module for simulating different well pattern mining modes, a high-pressure balance maintaining module for pressurizing the interior of a model main body, a sensor assembly for monitoring the pressure of the interior of the model main body, and a secondary gas production implementation module for recovering the pressure of natural gas by displacement stamping, wherein the well pattern distinguishing control module, the high-pressure balance maintaining module, the secondary gas production implementation module and the sensor assembly are all connected with the main control processor.
The well pattern distinguishing control module is used for controlling the rotation angle of the model main body and simulating vertical well exploitation and inclined well exploitation in actual exploitation of the actual natural gas hydrate, the high-pressure balance maintaining module simulates a high-pressure low-temperature state of actual stable storage of the natural gas hydrate, the secondary gas exploitation implementing module simulates pressurization displacement operation of recovering natural gas pressure in actual operation, and the sensor assembly mainly detects liquid injection and pressurization states of the high-pressure balance maintaining module and the secondary gas exploitation implementing module and controls duration time of pressurization.
Wherein, the high pressure balance maintains the module and collects the unit including the balanced pressure of collecting simulation formation pressure injection system to and the pressure regulating action unit of control simulation formation pressure injection system adjustment injection pressure, the primary barometer pressure value after balanced gas booster pump first pressure boost is received to balanced pressure collection unit to and the balanced injection barometer pressure value after the secondary booster pump secondary pressure boost, main control processor is according to the pressure value after the secondary boost, and the operating strength of the booster pump in the simulation formation pressure injection system of drive pressure regulating action unit adjustment and the on-off state of accuse flow control valve, until the injection pressure value of every gas transmission pipeline reaches respective set pressure value.
Each gas transmission pipeline is connected with a liquid injection and pressure filling transfer device at a specific position, the gas transmission pipelines and the liquid injection and pressure filling transfer devices with different pressures simulate uneven pressure existing in an actual stratum, and the working strength of a secondary pressure pump on each pipeline is different because the pressure requirements of each gas transmission pipeline are different.
The method for simulating formation pressure injection by the high-pressure balance maintenance module specifically comprises the following steps:
and S100, receiving pressure measurement values in the balanced pressure collection unit by the main controller, wherein the pressure measurement values comprise a primary pressure gauge measurement value after the balanced pressure booster pump is pressurized and a balanced injection air pressure gauge measurement value after the secondary pressure booster pump is pressurized on each conveying pipeline.
And S200, testing the formation pressure under different pressure values, increasing the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of the balanced pressure booster pump and the secondary booster pump by the pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value.
Particularly, the two pressurization processes of the balanced pressure booster pump and the two-stage booster pump are utilized to carry out secondary pressure decomposition on the required pressure, so that the working strength of the balanced pressure booster pump and the two-stage booster pump can be reduced, but the pressurization requirements of each gas transmission pipeline are different, so that the maximum pressurization strength of the balanced gas booster pump is not greater than the minimum pressure value in the gas transmission pipeline, and the stable implementation of the minimum liquid injection stamping operation is ensured.
And S300, continuing to increase the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of the balance secondary booster pump by the pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value. That is to say, when the working strength of balanced gas booster pump reached the maximum boost intensity, can be simultaneously and increase the working strength of balanced second grade booster pump and reduce the unit flux of accuse flow regulation and control valve, reach the set pressure value of model main part, supplementary second grade booster pump's the continuous pressurization work, reduce second grade booster pump's work degree, improve the pressure increase rate of notes liquid punching press simultaneously, improve simulation experiment's efficiency.
The well pattern mining mode divide into two kinds of modes of straight well net and inclined shaft net, well pattern difference control module is including setting up the angle slope detecting element on the outer edge of model main part to and the model main part rotates and implements the unit, the model main part angle value that angle slope detecting element detected is received to the angle slope detecting element, and main control processor drive rotates and implements the unit application of force in the model main part, promotes the model main part and rotates to setting for inclination, and the rotation of model main part can simulate two kinds of modes of straight well net and inclined shaft net, increases analog system's practicality, improves the experimental function.
The injection mode of the secondary gas production implementation module is divided into three modes of independent water injection, independent gas injection and water and gas injection combination, the independent water injection or independent gas injection mode is single medium injection, the water and gas injection combination mode is double medium unified injection, and the secondary gas production implementation module comprises a control valve unit, a production water pressure data collection unit, a water pressure adjustment implementation unit, a production air pressure data collection unit and a gas pressure adjustment implementation unit, wherein the control valve unit is used for selecting branch pipe water injection and gas injection modes.
The secondary gas production implementation module adopts a single medium injection simulation displacement pressure injection method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
t101, after a single medium injection mode is selected, closing a water injection channel or a gas injection channel in a control valve unit by a main controller;
and step T102, the mining gas pressure data collecting unit collects data of a primary pressure gauge after primary pressurization of the mining gas booster pump and data of a mining injection pressure gauge after secondary pressurization of the continuous booster pump, or the mining water pressure data collecting unit collects data of a primary water pressure gauge after primary pressurization of the piston water injection booster pump and data of an injection water pressure gauge after secondary pressurization of the pipeline booster pump.
And T103, the main control processor receives pressure values of the mining air pressure data collection unit and the mining water pressure data collection unit, and drives the air pressure adjustment implementation unit or the water pressure adjustment implementation unit to change the pressurization intensity of the two air pumps or the two water pumps according to the pressure data until the pressure value in the sensor assembly detection model main body reaches a set value.
The secondary gas production implementation module adopts a double-medium injection simulation displacement pressure injection method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step T201, after the double-medium injection mode is selected, the main controller controls the water injection channel or the gas injection channel in the valve unit to be completely opened;
and step T202, the mining air pressure data collecting unit collects data of a primary air pressure meter after primary pressurization of the mining gas booster pump and data of a mining injection air pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the continuous booster pump, and the mining water pressure data collecting unit collects data of a primary water pressure meter after primary pressurization of the piston water injection booster pump and data of an injection water pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the pipeline booster pump.
And T203, the main control processor receives pressure values of the mining air pressure data collection unit and the mining water pressure data collection unit, and drives the air pressure adjustment implementation unit and the water pressure adjustment implementation unit to simultaneously change the pressurization strengths of the two air pumps and the two water pumps according to the pressure data until the pressure value in the sensor assembly detection model main body reaches a set value.
Based on the above, the water pressure adjustment implementation unit and the air pressure adjustment implementation unit can also adjust the on-off state of the flow control regulation and control valve, and the pressure injection efficiency is improved by controlling the medium flux in unit time.
Based on the whole device, the invention also provides a using method of the device, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, establishing and debugging a model, namely establishing a model main body according to geological parameters of a simulated region, debugging the established model main body and putting a rock core into a one-dimensional long pipe model.
In step 100, the simulated formation in the model body is composed of graded particulate sediment components of the simulated zone, and the method of making comprises the steps of:
101, acquiring the composition, grading particles and physical parameters of the stratum of a simulated area through seismic and well logging data;
102, mixing silt with the same grading particles through glue based on the parameters, and setting natural textures in a simulation stratum and a transitional prosody layer positioned on a boundary;
103, synchronously manufacturing all simulated stratums according to the steps, synchronously putting the simulated stratums into high-pressure toughened glass, determining the mould pressing pressure according to physical parameters and driving a pressure changing plate to compact the mould pressing pressure;
and step 104, setting a reservoir body and a simulation well pattern while molding and compacting the model main body, and debugging the built-in sensor and the simulation well pattern after synchronous compression molding until the debugging is normal.
And 200, simulating the filling of the formation pressure, filling the formation pressure in the model body through a simulated formation pressure injection system, and realizing the dynamic balance of the pressure through a control system to maintain the dynamic balance.
In step 200, the specific steps of simulating formation pressure charge are:
and step 203, continuing to increase the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of the balance secondary booster pump by the pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value.
And 300, performing displacement simulation, namely filling displacement pressure into the simulated well pattern according to a design scheme through a displacement pressure injection system, changing the change of the displacement pressure through a control system, and recording displacement parameters through a built-in sensor.
In step 300, the specific steps of the filling of the displacement pressure are:
and 302, collecting data of a primary air pressure meter after primary pressurization of the produced gas booster pump and data of a produced injection air pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the continuous booster pump by the produced air pressure data collecting unit, or collecting data of a primary water pressure meter after primary pressurization of the piston water injection booster pump and data of an injection water pressure meter after secondary pressurization of the pipeline booster pump by the produced water pressure data collecting unit.
And 303, the main control processor receives pressure values of the mining air pressure data collection unit and the mining water pressure data collection unit, and drives the air pressure adjustment implementation unit or the water pressure adjustment implementation unit to change the pressurization intensity of the two air pumps or the two water pumps according to the pressure data until the pressure value in the sensor assembly detection model main body reaches a set value.
And 400, correcting the rock core by a compensating core barrel, arranging the rock core in the rock core holder, and maintaining the dynamic balance of the simulated temperature and pressure by an open temperature maintaining device and a pneumatic pressure compensating device.
In step 400, the specific steps for fixing the core in the core holder by the compensating core barrel are as follows: the method comprises the steps of measuring to obtain the accurate length of an actually measured rock core, marking calibration points at two ends of the rock core along the axis of the rock core, enabling the length in a rock core holder to be slightly larger than the length of the actually measured rock core through rotating a compensation rod according to the accurate length of the actual measurement, placing the rock core in annular wave ridges along the axial direction of the rock core holder, slowly rotating the compensation rod until the rock core is tightly fixed between the two annular wave ridges, and then slowly twisting a pressure buffer column until the calibration points at two ends of the rock core are located on the same axis again.
In step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the temperature balance in the displacement chamber by the open temperature maintaining device are as follows:
closing all valves on the fuel gas replenishing pipe, and starting the internal circulation air pump to enable the open type temperature maintaining device to be in a non-heating internal circulation state;
opening a gate valve and a check valve, adjusting the flow of the fuel gas to the lowest allowable flow through an adjusting valve, and igniting and heating the fuel gas by a natural gas heater until the whole circulation process is preheated;
after preheating, the regulating valves are all opened, the whole device is heated by maximum firepower, manual intervention is canceled to reduce the temperature to a preheating point after the temperature control device alarms for more than 3min, and then the self-adjustment of the temperature to the set temperature is realized through an internal circulation process by inputting the set temperature into the temperature control device;
and opening water cooling systems arranged at two ends of the natural gas heater to actively cool the device, setting the active cooling power in a controllable stirring range, and realizing dynamic balance of temperature through feedback adjustment of the temperature control system.
In step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the pressure balance in the displacement chamber by the pneumatic pressure compensation device are as follows:
and step 402, manually intervening the top valve to enable the pressure in the displacement chamber to reach the highest value, automatically opening the pressure control pipe and the damping pipe, and canceling the manual intervention to enable the top valve to be in a self-control state.
And 500, changing the simulated temperature and pressure according to the simulation requirement, and acquiring simulated real-time data through a built-in sensor.
Step 600, synchronously collecting macroscopic displacement parameters and microscopic test results, and combining the two groups of data for analysis to obtain an analysis structure.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. A simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, establishing and debugging a model: establishing a model main body according to geological parameters of a simulated area, debugging the established model main body and putting a rock core into a one-dimensional long pipe model;
in step 100, the simulated formation in the model body is composed of graded particulate sediment components of the simulated zone, and the method of making comprises the steps of:
101, acquiring the composition, grading particles and physical parameters of the stratum of a simulated area through seismic and well logging data;
102, mixing silt with the same grading particles through glue based on the parameters, and setting the mixed silt in a natural texture in the simulated formation and a transition prosody layer positioned on a boundary;
103, synchronously manufacturing all simulated stratums according to the steps, synchronously putting the simulated stratums into high-pressure toughened glass, determining the mould pressing pressure according to physical parameters and driving a pressure changing plate to compact the mould pressing pressure;
104, setting a reservoir body and a simulation well pattern while molding and compacting the model main body, and debugging a built-in sensor and the simulation well pattern after synchronous compression molding until the debugging is normal;
the model main body comprises a square-clip-shaped frame plate, a pressure-changing plate parallel to an upper plate and a lower plate of the square-clip-shaped frame plate is arranged in the square-clip-shaped frame plate, a force application cylinder for pushing the pressure-changing plate to move up and down is arranged at the bottom of the square-clip-shaped frame plate, and a pressurizing rubber ring for improving the sealing property is arranged on the outer ring of the pressure-changing plate;
transparent high-pressure toughened glass is arranged on the inner surface of the frame plate shaped like a Chinese character 'hui', a plurality of groups of simulated stratums are sequentially arranged in the high-pressure toughened glass from bottom to top, natural textures are arranged in the simulated stratums, and a transitional rhythm layer is arranged between each adjacent group of simulated stratums;
200, simulating the filling of the formation pressure, namely filling the formation pressure in the model body through a simulated formation pressure injection system, realizing the dynamic balance of the pressure through a control system, and maintaining the dynamic balance;
the simulated formation pressure injection system comprises a balanced high-pressure generation room and a balanced pressure booster pump arranged in the balanced high-pressure generation room, wherein an air inlet pipe of the balanced pressure booster pump is connected with an extraction pipeline, and negative pressure turbine slurry used for sucking a boosting medium into the balanced pressure booster pump is arranged in the extraction pipeline;
in step 200, the specific steps of simulating formation pressure charge are:
step 201, a main controller receives pressure measurement values in a balanced pressure collection unit, wherein the pressure measurement values comprise a primary pressure measurement meter measurement value after pressurization of a balanced pressure booster pump and a balanced injection pressure meter measurement value after pressurization of a secondary pressure pump on each conveying pipeline;
step 202, testing the formation pressure under different pressure values, increasing the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of a balanced pressure booster pump and a secondary booster pump by a pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value;
step 203, continuing to increase the pressure value for simulating formation pressure injection, and increasing the working strength of the balance secondary booster pump by the pressure regulating action unit until the pressure value in the detection model main body of the sensor assembly reaches a set value;
step 300, displacement simulation, namely filling displacement pressure into a simulation well pattern according to a design scheme through a displacement pressure injection system, changing the change of the displacement pressure through a control system, and recording displacement parameters through a built-in sensor;
step 400, correcting the rock core by a compensating core barrel and arranging the corrected rock core in a rock core holder, and maintaining dynamic balance of simulated temperature and pressure by an open temperature maintaining device and a pneumatic pressure compensating device;
500, changing the simulated temperature and pressure according to the simulation requirement, and acquiring simulated real-time data through a built-in sensor;
step 600, synchronously collecting macroscopic displacement parameters and microscopic test results, and combining the two groups of data for analysis to obtain an analysis structure.
2. The simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein in the step 300, the filling of the displacement pressure comprises the following specific steps:
step 301, after a single medium injection mode is selected, the main controller closes a water injection channel or a gas injection channel in the control valve unit;
302, collecting data of a primary pressure gauge after primary pressurization of a gas booster pump and data of a mining injection pressure gauge after secondary pressurization of a continuous booster pump by a mining pressure data collecting unit, or collecting data of a primary water pressure gauge after primary pressurization of a piston water injection booster pump and data of an injection water pressure gauge after secondary pressurization of a pipeline booster pump by a mining water pressure data collecting unit;
and 303, the main control processor receives pressure values of the mining air pressure data collection unit and the mining water pressure data collection unit, and drives the air pressure adjustment implementation unit or the water pressure adjustment implementation unit to change the pressurization intensity of the two air pumps or the two water pumps according to the pressure data until the pressure value in the sensor assembly detection model main body reaches a set value.
3. The simulation method of the natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein in the step 400, the specific steps of fixing the core in the core holder through the compensatory core barrel are as follows: the method comprises the steps of measuring to obtain the accurate length of an actually measured rock core, marking calibration points at two ends of the rock core along the axis of the rock core, enabling the length in a rock core holder to be slightly larger than the length of the actually measured rock core through rotating a compensation rod according to the accurate length of the actual measurement, placing the rock core in annular wave ridges along the axial direction of the rock core holder, slowly rotating the compensation rod until the rock core is tightly fixed between the two annular wave ridges, and then slowly twisting a pressure buffer column until the calibration points at two ends of the rock core are located on the same axis again.
4. The simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein in the step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the temperature balance in the displacement chamber through the open temperature maintaining device are as follows:
closing all valves on the fuel gas replenishing pipe, and starting the internal circulation air pump to enable the open type temperature maintaining device to be in a non-heating internal circulation state;
opening a gate valve and a check valve, and regulating the flow of the fuel gas to the lowest allowable flow through a regulating valve; igniting and heating the fuel gas by a natural gas heater until the whole circulation process is preheated;
after preheating, opening all the regulating valves, heating the whole device by maximum firepower, canceling human intervention until the temperature control device gives an alarm for more than 3min, reducing the temperature to a preheating point, and then self-regulating the temperature to the set temperature through an internal circulation process by inputting the set temperature into the temperature control device;
and opening water cooling systems arranged at two ends of the natural gas heater to actively cool the device, setting the active cooling power in a controllable stirring range, and realizing dynamic balance of temperature through feedback adjustment of the temperature control system.
5. The simulation method of a natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein in the step 400, the specific steps of maintaining the pressure balance in the displacement chamber through the pneumatic pressure compensation device are as follows:
step 401, closing the pressure control pipe and the damping pipe, and communicating the displacement pressure supply chamber and the displacement chamber through a high-pressure gas channel;
and step 402, manually intervening the top valve to enable the pressure in the displacement chamber to reach the highest value, automatically opening the pressure control pipe and the damping pipe, and canceling the manual intervention to enable the top valve to be in a self-control state.
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| CN110374556B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-02-26 | 大连理工大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation device with reservoir stratum multi-level pressure compensation function |
| CN110674572B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-03-11 | 西南石油大学 | Method for predicting natural gas hydrate generation area in seabed gas transmission pipeline |
| CN114509532B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2024-08-13 | 香港科技大学 | Centrifugal energy collection chamber system and method for simulating gas preparation and collection |
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| US20070114026A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-24 | Gas Hydrates Corporation | Method and apparatus for extracting gas hydrate deposits |
| CN101550816B (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2011-12-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate |
| RU2491420C2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-08-27 | Алексей Львович Сильвестров | Method for production of natural gas from gas-hydrate pools and device for its realisation |
| CN104453794B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Simulation experiment system for whole process of natural gas hydrate exploitation and simulation method |
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| CN107288630A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-24 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of gas hydrates develop the control system of analogue experiment installation |
| CN107355201A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of application method of gas hydrates exploitation analogue experiment installation |
| CN107503715A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2017-12-22 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of device for simulating parallel water horizontal well seawater injection exploitation of gas hydrate |
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