CN114000872B - Natural gas hydrate horizontal well stratified mining process soil layer deformation testing device - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate horizontal well stratified mining process soil layer deformation testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114000872B CN114000872B CN202111273465.0A CN202111273465A CN114000872B CN 114000872 B CN114000872 B CN 114000872B CN 202111273465 A CN202111273465 A CN 202111273465A CN 114000872 B CN114000872 B CN 114000872B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil layer deformation testing device for a layered exploitation process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well, which can simulate the layered exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well, and comprehensively measure and analyze soil layer deformation and stress data in the hydrate exploitation process by adopting a high-density resistivity tomography method, a microseismic monitoring method, an optical fiber sensing testing method and a mechanical measuring method to cooperatively obtain; meanwhile, the soil layer deformation obvious area is determined through methods of numerical simulation, pre-experiment development and the like, various sensors and probes are reasonably pre-embedded in the soil layer, and the experimental effects of reasonable sensor arrangement, small mutual interference and high measurement data precision are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrate exploitation, in particular to a soil layer deformation testing device for a layered exploitation process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well.
Background
The south China sea reserves abundant natural gas hydrate resources, the storage capacity of the natural gas hydrate resources is up to billions of tons of oil equivalent, and the large-scale and low-cost development of the natural gas hydrate resources is realized as early as possible, so that the natural gas hydrate resources have important significance for meeting the requirements of China on clean energy. The natural gas hydrate is deposited in the pores of the soil layer, and plays roles of cementing sediment particles, filling the pores, increasing the density of the sediment and the like. In the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate by layers by adopting a horizontal well, due to the double deficit effect of reservoir energy and substances, the overlying soil layer may generate a collapse zone, a fissure zone and a bending subsidence zone, and particularly when the overlying soil layer is thin or the thickness of primary exploitation is too large, the fissure zone and even the collapse zone may extend to the surface of the seabed, so that serious disasters such as seabed landslide, large-area methane leakage, earthquake and the like may be caused. This not only endangers the production safety in the mining area, but also causes environmental disasters due to the fact that a large amount of methane gas with strong greenhouse effect enters seawater and atmosphere. Therefore, the deformation rule of the soil layer in the layered exploitation process of the horizontal well of the natural gas hydrate is disclosed, and the method has important significance for safe and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate in south China sea.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a soil layer deformation testing device in the layered exploitation process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well, which can simulate the layered exploitation of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well, comprehensively measure and analyze soil layer deformation and stress data in the hydrate exploitation process, determine an area with obvious soil layer deformation and has higher measurement data precision.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a soil layer deformation testing device for a layered mining process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well, which comprises an environment simulation system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, a hydrate synthesis-mining simulation system and a deformation data measuring system, wherein the environment simulation system comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the environment simulation system comprises a device shell, wherein a soil layer is filled in an inner cavity of the device shell, and a spray film for simulating stratum sealing is sprayed on the outer wall of the soil layer;
the inner cavity of the device shell is also provided with a water bag covering the outer wall of the spray film;
the soil layer comprises an underlying soil layer, a hydrate reservoir and an overlying soil layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a flexible waterproof layer covers the overlying soil layer;
a plurality of wellholes used for simulating horizontal wells are transversely arranged in the hydrate reservoir;
the pressure control system comprises a pore water pump for conveying water flow to a soil layer to control the pore pressure of the soil layer, a confining pressure pump for injecting water into a water sac and pressurizing to simulate the horizontal ground stress of the soil layer, and an axial pressure pump for injecting water above a flexible water-resisting layer and pressurizing to simulate the self-weight stress of a sea water layer and the soil layer;
the hydrate synthesis-exploitation simulation system is connected with the shaft and used for decomposing and exploiting the natural gas hydrate;
the deformation data measurement system comprises a plurality of resistivity probes which are uniformly distributed in an annular array and penetrate through a soil layer up and down, and the resistivity probes obtain the soil layer physical property change rule, the soil layer deformation characteristic and the crack initiation-expansion-penetration process information in the shaft layered mining process through obtained resistivity signals;
the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of micro-seismic probes embedded in a soil layer are included, the occurrence area of soil layer movement and collapse is obtained by analyzing soil layer micro-seismic signals, and the occurrence area and resistivity signals are mutually corrected to supplement the specific development position of a crack;
the system comprises a plurality of mechanical settlement meters embedded in a soil layer and springs with built-in temperature-strain distributed optical fibers, and is used for acquiring visual settlement and temperature data of the soil layer;
the device comprises a plurality of pore pressure gauge-pressure boxes embedded in a soil layer, and is used for measuring pore pressure and skeleton stress in the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate;
the temperature-strain distributed optical fiber is also adhered to the outer side of the shaft and is used for acquiring the temperature and strain change rule of the area around the shaft in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process;
the temperature control system is arranged on the periphery of the device shell and used for controlling the temperature of the soil layer inside.
Preferably, the lower end of the device shell is provided with a left through hole and a right through hole which are communicated with the inner cavity of the device shell, a permeable stone for filtering fluid is arranged in the through holes, and a circle of fine sand which is convenient for water flow to pass through is arranged between the underlayer, the hydrate reservoir and the peripheral spray film.
Preferably, the pressure control system comprises two pore water pumps, wherein an outlet of one pore water pump is communicated with the left through hole to convey water flow to a soil layer to control soil layer pore pressure, an outlet of the other pore water pump is communicated with the right through hole and the pressure container to inject water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid into an inner cavity of a device shell, and the water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid flows into a hydrate reservoir between an upper soil layer and a lower soil layer through the permeable stone and the fine sand.
Preferably, the hydrate synthesis-exploitation simulation system comprises a back pressure valve, two paths are divided from an inlet of the back pressure valve and are respectively communicated with the upper shaft and the lower shaft, an outlet of the back pressure valve is connected with a gas-water separator, and two outlets of the gas-water separator are respectively connected with a decomposition water pump and a decomposition air pump.
Preferably, the underburden, hydrate reservoir and overburden are formed from bottom to top using a stratified compaction process;
preferably, the spray film adopts the technology of forming a rubber film by field spraying, is arranged outside the soil layer and is used for simulating the sealing of the soil layer;
preferably, the temperature control system comprises a thermostatic bath which is connected with a copper pipe wound outside the device shell and provides cooling circulating liquid for the copper pipe.
Preferably, the number of the mineshafts is arranged into a plurality of rows so as to simulate the multi-row horizontal well zonal exploitation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can simulate the layered exploitation of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well, and comprehensively measures and analyzes the soil deformation and stress data in the hydrate exploitation process by adopting a high-density resistivity tomography method, a microseismic monitoring method, an optical fiber sensing test method and a mechanical measurement method to cooperatively obtain; meanwhile, the soil layer deformation obvious area is determined through methods of numerical simulation, pre-experiment development and the like, various sensors and probes are reasonably pre-embedded in the soil layer, and the experimental effects of reasonable sensor arrangement, small mutual interference and high measurement data precision are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil layer deformation testing device in a layered mining process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well, provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a hydrate reservoir provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of an overburden and an underburden as provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a pore water pump; 2. spraying a film; 3. a permeable stone; 4. a high density resistivity probe; 5. a hydrate reservoir; 6. an underlying soil layer; 7. fine sand; 8. a confining pressure pump; 9. a water valve; 10. a pressure vessel; 11. a wellbore; 12. a copper pipe; 13. a thermostatic bath; 14. a water pump is disassembled; 15. disassembling the air pump; 16. a gas-water separator; 17. a back pressure valve; 18. a data acquisition instrument; 19. a computer; 20. a water bladder; 21. an axial pressure pump; 22. a flexible water barrier layer; 23. pore pressure gauge-pressure cell; 24. a spring with a built-in temperature-strain distributed optical fiber; 25. a microseismic probe; 26. a device housing; 27. covering a soil layer; 28. Mechanical type settlement gauge.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a device for testing soil layer deformation during the layered mining process of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well comprises an environment simulation system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, a hydrate synthesis-mining simulation system and a deformation data measurement system:
the environment simulation system comprises a device shell 26, wherein the inner cavity of the device shell 26 is filled with a soil layer, and the outer wall of the soil layer is sprayed with a spray film 2 for simulating stratum sealing;
the soil layers comprise an underlayer 6, a hydrate reservoir 5 and an upper covering soil layer 27 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a flexible waterproof layer 22 covers the upper covering soil layer 27;
two well bores 11 for simulating horizontal wells are transversely arranged in the hydrate reservoir 5;
the pressure control system comprises a pore water pump 1 for conveying water flow to a soil layer to control the pore pressure of the soil layer, a confining pressure pump 8 for injecting water into a water sac 20 and pressurizing to simulate the horizontal ground stress of the soil layer, and an axial pressure pump 21 for injecting water above a flexible water-resisting layer 22 and pressurizing to simulate the self-weight stress of a sea water layer and the soil layer;
and water valves 9 are arranged at the outlets of the pore water pump 1, the confining pressure pump 8 and the shaft pressure pump 21.
The hydrate synthesis-exploitation simulation system is connected with the shaft 11 and used for decomposing and exploiting the natural gas hydrate;
the deformation data measuring system comprises a plurality of resistivity probes 4 which are uniformly distributed in an annular array and penetrate through a soil layer from top to bottom, and the resistivity probes 4 acquire soil layer physical property change rules, soil layer deformation characteristics and crack initiation-expansion-penetration process information in the layered mining process of a shaft 11 through obtained resistivity signals;
the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of micro-seismic probes embedded in a soil layer are included, the occurrence area of soil layer movement and collapse is obtained by analyzing soil layer micro-seismic signals, and the occurrence area and resistivity signals are mutually corrected to supplement the specific development position of a crack;
the system comprises a plurality of mechanical settlement meters 28 embedded in a soil layer and a spring 24 with a built-in temperature-strain distributed optical fiber, and is used for acquiring visual settlement and temperature data of the soil layer;
the device comprises a plurality of pore pressure gauge-pressure boxes 23 embedded in a soil layer and used for measuring pore pressure and skeleton stress in the exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate;
the temperature-strain distributed optical fiber is also adhered to the outer side of the shaft 11 and is used for acquiring the temperature and strain change rule of the area around the shaft 11 in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process;
the temperature control system is provided at the periphery of the device housing 26 for controlling the temperature of the inner soil layer.
The lower end of the device shell 26 is provided with a left through hole and a right through hole which are communicated with the inner cavity of the device shell, the through holes are internally provided with permeable stones 3 used for filtering fluid, and a circle of fine sand 7 convenient for water flow to pass through is arranged between the underlying soil layer 6, the hydrate reservoir 5 and the peripheral spray film 2 thereof.
The pressure control system comprises two pore water pumps 1, wherein an outlet of one pore water pump 1 is communicated with a left through hole and conveys water flow to a soil layer to control the pore pressure of the soil layer, an outlet of the other pore water pump 1 is communicated with a right through hole and a pressure container 10, water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid is injected into an inner cavity of a device shell 26, and the water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid flows into a space between an upper soil covering 27 and a lower soil covering 6 through a permeable stone 3 and fine sand 7 to form a hydrate reservoir 5.
The hydrate synthesis-exploitation simulation system comprises a back pressure valve 17, two paths of gas are distributed at the inlet of the back pressure valve 17 and are respectively communicated with an upper shaft 11 and a lower shaft 11, the outlet of the back pressure valve 17 is connected with a gas-water separator 16, and two outlets of the gas-water separator 16 are respectively connected with a decomposition water pump 14 and a decomposition air pump 15.
The underlayer 6, the hydrate reservoir 5 and the overburden 27 are formed by a layered compaction method from bottom to top;
the spray film 2 is sprayed on the outer side of the soil layer by adopting a technology of forming a rubber film by field spraying and is used for simulating the sealing of the soil layer;
the inner cavity of the device shell 26 is also provided with a water sac 20 covering the outer wall of the spray film 2;
the temperature control system comprises a constant temperature bath 13, and the constant temperature bath 13 is connected with a copper pipe 12 wound outside a device shell 26 and provides cooling circulating liquid for the copper pipe.
The deformation data measuring system comprises a data acquisition instrument 18 and a computer 19 which are electrically connected together;
the deformation data measuring system comprises 5 high-density resistivity probes 4,1 high-density resistivity probe is arranged in the center of a soil layer, 4 high-density resistivity probes are arranged in a circular array, the resistivity probes 4 acquire soil layer physical property change rules, soil layer deformation characteristics and crack initiation-expansion-penetration process information in the layered mining process of a shaft 11 through resistivity signals obtained by the resistivity probes 4, and the high-density resistivity probes 4 are electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument 18;
the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of micro-seismic probes 25 embedded in a soil layer are staggered, the micro-seismic probes are not overlapped in any direction, the occurrence area of soil layer movement and collapse is obtained by analyzing soil layer micro-seismic signals, and the occurrence area and resistivity signals are mutually corrected to supplement the concrete development position of cracks; the microseismic probe 25 is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 18;
the system comprises a plurality of mechanical settlement meters 28 embedded in a soil layer and a spring 24 with a built-in temperature-strain distributed optical fiber, and is used for acquiring visual settlement and temperature data of the soil layer; the mechanical type settlement gauge 28 and the optical fiber in the spring 24 are respectively electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 18;
the device comprises a plurality of pore pressure gauge-pressure boxes 23 embedded in a soil layer and used for measuring pore pressure and skeleton stress in the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate; the pore pressure meter-pressure box 23 is respectively electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 18;
the device comprises a plurality of temperature-strain distributed optical fibers which are adhered to the outer side of a shaft 11 and used for acquiring the change rule of the temperature and the strain of the area around the shaft 11 in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process, wherein the temperature-strain distributed optical fibers are electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument 18.
The deformation data measuring system comprises a plurality of high-density resistivity probes 4 embedded in the soil layer, a microseismic probe 25, a mechanical settlement gauge 28, a spring 24 with a built-in temperature-strain distributed optical fiber and a pore pressure gauge-pressure box 23, wherein the temperature-strain distributed optical fibers are also pasted on the outer side of the shaft 11, and the soil layer deformation rule in the shaft 11 hydrate exploitation process is cooperatively obtained through a high-density resistivity tomography method, a microseismic monitoring method, a distributed optical fiber testing method and a mechanical settlement gauge measuring method;
the device can simulate the layered exploitation process of the gas hydrate horizontal well, and comprehensively measures and analyzes the soil deformation and stress data in the hydrate exploitation process by adopting a high-density resistivity tomography method, a microseismic monitoring method, an optical fiber sensing test method and a mechanical measurement method to cooperatively obtain; meanwhile, the soil layer deformation obvious area is determined through methods of numerical simulation, pre-experiment development and the like, various sensors and probes are reasonably pre-embedded in the soil layer, and the experimental effects of reasonable sensor arrangement, small mutual interference and high measurement data precision are achieved.
The present embodiment further provides a method for using the above apparatus, including the steps of:
firstly, preparing a model;
preparing an underlayer soil layer 6, a hydrate reservoir layer 5 and an overburden layer 27 from bottom to top in sequence by adopting a layered compaction method, wherein measuring instruments are pre-buried in the soil layer, a double-layer shaft 11 is pre-buried in the hydrate reservoir layer, and pipelines are connected; the lower layer of the upper covering soil layer and the upper layer of the underlying soil layer are consolidated to form a compact water-resisting layer to form a framework of the hydrate reservoir 5, and the flexible water-resisting layer 22 is laid on the top of the upper covering soil layer 27;
secondly, preparing a natural gas reservoir;
and (2) injecting the prefabricated water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid into a framework of a hydrate reservoir 5 by using a pore water pump 1 connected with a pressure container 10, applying the deadweight stress, horizontal ground stress and soil layer pore water pressure of the seawater layer and the soil layer by controlling the pore water pump 1, a confining pressure pump 8 and a shaft pressure pump 21, and reducing the temperature by controlling a constant temperature tank 13 to generate the natural gas hydrate.
Thirdly, simulating the exploitation of a natural gas hydrate horizontal well;
controlling a back pressure valve 17, reducing the pore pressure of the hydrate reservoir 5 to be below the hydrate phase equilibrium pressure, promoting the natural gas hydrate to decompose to simulate the exploitation process of the hydrate reservoir horizontal well, and simultaneously acquiring soil layer deformation data by using the detection method; stopping the experiment when the deformation and the stress of the soil layer are stable after the natural gas hydrate is exploited;
fourthly, processing and analyzing data;
performing data analysis to obtain soil layer fracture and settlement rules and characteristics, soil layer pore pressure, skeleton stress change rules and the like in the exploitation process of the gas hydrate horizontal well; according to the research result of the physical simulation experiment, the corresponding numerical calculation research is further perfected, and the sensors, probes and the like which are more dense are pre-embedded in the areas with obvious soil layer deformation and stress change so as to obtain more accurate soil layer deformation and stress data and repeat the test.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a gas hydrate horizontal well stratified mining process soil layer deformation test device which characterized in that, includes environmental simulation system, temperature control system, pressure control system, hydrate synthesis-exploitation analog system and deformation data measurement system:
the environment simulation system comprises a device shell (26), wherein the inner cavity of the device shell (26) is filled with a soil layer, and the outer wall of the soil layer is sprayed with a spray film (2) for simulating stratum sealing;
the inner cavity of the device shell (26) is also provided with a water bag (20) which covers the outer wall of the spray film (2);
the soil layer comprises an underlayer (6), a hydrate reservoir (5) and an overburden layer (27) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a flexible waterproof layer (22) covers the overburden layer (27);
a plurality of well bores (11) for simulating horizontal wells are transversely arranged in the hydrate reservoir (5);
the pressure control system comprises a pore water pump (1) for conveying water flow to a soil layer to control the pore pressure of the soil layer, a confining pressure pump (8) for injecting water into a water sac (20) and pressurizing to simulate the horizontal ground stress of the soil layer, and an axial pressure pump (21) for injecting water above a flexible water-resisting layer (22) and pressurizing to simulate the self-weight stress of a sea water layer and the soil layer;
the hydrate synthesis-exploitation simulation system is connected with a shaft (11) and used for decomposing and exploiting the natural gas hydrate;
the deformation data measuring system comprises a plurality of resistivity probes (4) which are uniformly distributed in an annular array and penetrate through a soil layer up and down, and the resistivity probes (4) obtain the soil layer physical property change rule, the soil layer deformation characteristic and the crack initiation-expansion-penetration process information in the layered mining process of a shaft (11) through obtained resistivity signals;
the soil layer microseismic monitoring system comprises a plurality of microseismic probes (25) embedded in a soil layer, acquires a generation area of soil layer movement and collapse by analyzing soil layer microseismic signals, and corrects the generation area of soil layer movement and collapse with resistivity signals to supplement the specific development position of cracks;
the device comprises a plurality of mechanical settlement meters (28) embedded in a soil layer and springs (24) internally provided with temperature-strain distributed optical fibers and used for acquiring visual settlement and temperature data of the soil layer;
the device comprises a plurality of pore pressure gauge-pressure boxes (23) embedded in a soil layer and is used for measuring pore pressure and skeleton stress in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process;
the temperature-strain distributed optical fiber is also stuck to the outer side of the shaft (11) and is used for acquiring the temperature and strain change rule of the area around the shaft (11) in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process;
the temperature control system is arranged at the periphery of the device shell (26) and used for controlling the temperature of the inner soil layer.
2. The soil layer deformation testing device in the layered exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well is characterized in that the lower end of a shell (26) of the device is provided with a left through hole and a right through hole which are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, a permeable stone (3) used for filtering fluid is arranged in each through hole, and a circle of fine sand (7) convenient for water flow to pass through is arranged among a lower soil layer (6), a hydrate reservoir (5) and a peripheral spraying film (2) of the lower soil layer.
3. The soil layer deformation testing device in the process of the layered mining of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well is characterized in that the pressure control system comprises two pore water pumps (1), wherein an outlet of one pore water pump (1) is communicated with a left through hole to convey water flow to the soil layer to control the soil layer pore pressure, an outlet of the other pore water pump (1) is communicated with a right through hole and a pressure container (10), a water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid is injected into an inner cavity of a device shell (26), and the water-natural gas uniform mixed fluid flows into a space between an upper soil layer (27) and a lower soil layer (6) through a permeable stone (3) and fine sand (7) to form a hydrate reservoir (5).
4. The device for testing the soil layer deformation in the layered mining process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrate synthesis-mining simulation system comprises a back pressure valve (17), two paths of gas are divided from an inlet of the back pressure valve (17) and are respectively communicated with an upper shaft and a lower shaft (11), an outlet of the back pressure valve (17) is connected with a gas-water separator (16), and two outlets of the gas-water separator (16) are respectively connected with a decomposition water pump (14) and a decomposition air pump (15).
5. The soil deformation testing device in the layered mining process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well is characterized in that the underburden (6), the hydrate reservoir (5) and the overburden (27) are formed by a layered compaction method from bottom to top.
6. The device for testing the soil layer deformation in the layered exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the spray film (2) adopts a technology of forming a rubber film by spraying on site.
7. The device for testing the soil layer deformation in the layered exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well is characterized in that the temperature control system comprises a constant temperature tank (13), and the constant temperature tank (13) is connected with a copper pipe (12) wound outside a device shell (26) and is provided with a cooling circulating liquid.
8. The soil layer deformation testing device in the process of the layered mining of the natural gas hydrate horizontal well is characterized in that the number of the mineshafts (11) is set to be multiple rows so as to simulate the layered mining of the multiple rows of the horizontal well.
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| CN115929261A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Marine natural gas hydrate multi-row horizontal well layered mining device and method |
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