CN116856923A - Experimental simulation device and method for hydrate exploitation reservoir of stacked horizontal well - Google Patents
Experimental simulation device and method for hydrate exploitation reservoir of stacked horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN116856923A CN116856923A CN202311000809.XA CN202311000809A CN116856923A CN 116856923 A CN116856923 A CN 116856923A CN 202311000809 A CN202311000809 A CN 202311000809A CN 116856923 A CN116856923 A CN 116856923A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an experimental simulation device and method for exploiting hydrate reservoirs of stacked horizontal wells, comprising an injection water container, a water injection pump set, a gas cylinder, an air compressor, a booster pump, a gas high-pressure container, a plurality of horizontal outlet pipelines, a data acquisition instrument, a small water bath, a constant-temperature water bath and a hydrate distribution simulation device arranged in the constant-temperature water bath, wherein the injection water container is communicated with the water injection pump set; the small water bath is respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container; the booster pump is communicated with the gas high-pressure container; a plurality of horizontal well horizontal pipe sections are arranged in the hydrate distribution simulation device, and a horizontal wellhead communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections is arranged on the outer surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device; a plurality of horizontal outlet pipes are horizontally stacked on one side of the hydrate distribution simulation device and are communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections. The application utilizes the advantages of the superposed horizontal wells in the aspect of gravity separation to carry out combined utilization on the current exploitation method, separates exploitation from energy supplement and realizes separation of gas production and water production.
Description
The application relates to a division application of an application patent with a mother case name of 'a device and a method for simulating an experimental simulation of a hydrate exploitation reservoir of a stacked horizontal well'; the application number of the parent application is: CN201911341579.7; the application date of the parent application is: 2020.04.10.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of methane hydrate exploitation, in particular to an experimental simulation device and method for a hydrate reservoir exploited by a stacked horizontal well.
Background
Methane hydrate has a wide distribution in frozen earth areas and in the ocean as a potential clean energy source. Currently, the main methods for methane hydrate exploitation include depressurization, heat injection, chemical injection, and CO 2 /CH 4 Substitution and combination, but none have been able to meet the commercial exploitation of such hydrates. Thus, efficient production of hydrates is not achieved from the production method alone, but a new production concept is required. For an actual hydrate reservoir, the method has the characteristics of dispersed reserves and poor fluidity. According to the characteristics of a hydrate reservoir, the main problems of the hydrate reservoir are as follows: on the one hand, the exploitation technology can control enough reserves to ensure that the yield accords with the exploited commercial value; on the other hand, the mining technique must change hydratesThe flow capacity of the reservoir, namely the need to supplement certain energy to the hydrate reservoir, promotes the phase state of the hydrate to change, and forms certain pressure difference so that the fluid in the pores of the reservoir flows. Meanwhile, as part of free water is released after the solid hydrate is decomposed and flows together with water or fine sand in the pores, gas and the gas are easily bound in the pores by the water, so that a hydrate reservoir is flooded, the exploitation technology must have better water control capability and sand control capability, the flooding of the reservoir is avoided as much as possible, and the production time of the gas is prolonged. From the above, it can be seen that the exploitation of a hydrate reservoir is not only considered in the state of the art, but also must combine geological features, and cannot take care of the exploitation technology of the conventional hydrocarbon reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an experimental simulation device and method for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions:
the application discloses an experimental simulation device for exploiting hydrate reservoirs of stacked horizontal wells, which comprises an injection water container, a water injection pump set, a gas cylinder, an air compressor, a booster pump, a gas high-pressure container, a plurality of horizontal outlet pipelines, a data acquisition instrument, a small water bath, a constant-temperature water bath and a hydrate distribution simulation device arranged in the constant-temperature water bath, wherein the injection water container is communicated with the water injection pump set; the small water bath is respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container; the gas cylinder and the air compressor are both communicated with the booster pump, and the booster pump is communicated with the gas high-pressure container;
the hydrate distribution simulation device is internally provided with a plurality of horizontal well horizontal pipe sections, the outer surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device is provided with a horizontal well head communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections, and the side surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device is provided with a plurality of high-pressure gauges and thermometers; a plurality of horizontal outlet pipelines are horizontally overlapped on one side of the hydrate distribution simulation device and are communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe section;
the horizontal outlet pipeline comprises a horizontal wellhead control valve, a back pressure valve, a control gate valve and a gas-liquid separation bottle which are sequentially communicated, a gas exhaust pipeline is arranged on the gas-liquid separation bottle, and the gas exhaust pipeline is provided with the control gate valve, a wet flowmeter and the control valve;
the gas high-pressure container and the water injection pump set are communicated with the bottom of the hydrate distribution simulation device and the horizontal wellhead;
the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the high-pressure manometer, the thermometer and the wet flowmeter respectively.
Preferably, the hydrate distribution simulation device comprises a reaction kettle, a reaction kettle top cover and a reaction kettle base, wherein the reaction kettle top cover and the reaction kettle base are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the reaction kettle, the horizontal pipe section of the horizontal well is overlapped in the reaction kettle, the horizontal wellhead is arranged at the outer side of the reaction kettle, and the horizontal pipe section of the horizontal well is provided with a plurality of horizontal section perforations.
Preferably, gaskets are respectively arranged between the reaction kettle and the reaction kettle top cover and between the reaction kettle bottom seat.
Preferably, a screen is arranged in the horizontal well horizontal pipe section.
Preferably, the water injection pump group comprises a water injection pump I and a water injection pump II which are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, outlet gate valves I and II are respectively arranged at the outlet ends of the water injection pump I and the water injection pump II.
Preferably, the gas cylinder outlet control valve and the booster pump inlet valve are sequentially communicated with the booster pump;
the air compressor, the air compressor outlet valve and the booster pump are communicated;
the booster pump, the booster pump outlet valve, the gas high-pressure container inlet valve and the gas high-pressure container are sequentially communicated.
Preferably, the gas high-pressure container, the pressure gauge, the gas high-pressure container outlet valve and the gas control gate valve are sequentially communicated; and the inlet valve of the simulation device is respectively communicated with the gas control gate valve and the outlet gate valve II. Preferably, the small water bath is communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container through a small water bath heating outlet gate valve, a hot water circulation outlet gate valve, a small water bath heating inlet gate valve and a hot water circulation inlet gate valve respectively.
The application also discloses an experimental simulation method for producing the hydrate reservoir by the stacked horizontal well, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the porous medium and filling the porous medium into a hydrate distribution simulation device;
(2) Starting an air compressor, pressurizing the gas in the gas cylinder, and storing the gas into a gas high-pressure container;
(3) Pressurizing the hydrate distribution simulation device to a certain pressure value through a gas high-pressure container, and detecting leakage of the device;
(4) If the error of the pressure of the gas is small within 24 hours and the error of the pressure of the gas is 24 hours, the tightness of the device is considered to be good, and the gas is discharged and decompressed;
(5) Regulating the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath to a required temperature;
(6) Starting a water injection pump I or a water injection pump II, injecting water into the hydrate distribution simulation device, discharging gas, and pressurizing to a certain pressure value;
(7) Discharging a certain volume of water by using gas to give the injected gas a part of space, and pressurizing the hydrate distribution simulation device to a required pressure;
(8) Continuously pressurizing the water injection pump I or the water injection pump II to the required pressure by a water hydrate distribution simulation device to provide power for hydrate generation;
(9) Closing an inlet and an outlet of the hydrate distribution simulation device, and gradually generating the hydrate;
(10) Recording the temperature and pressure of the reaction vessel during hydrate formation;
(11) Opening a small water bath, and heating water injected into a water container to a required temperature or steam;
(12) Starting a water injection pump I or a water injection pump II, injecting hot water or steam to a certain pressure, keeping the system constant, and providing a certain time for decomposing the hydrate;
(13) Setting the back pressure valves of the uppermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section and the lowermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section to a certain pressure, wherein the back pressure valve of the uppermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section is regulated to a certain value below the phase equilibrium pressure, carrying out depressurization exploitation, and regulating the back pressure valve of the lowermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section to be above or below the phase equilibrium pressure;
(14) And recording the data such as pressure, flow, temperature and the like through a data acquisition instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:
(1) The advantage of the overlapped horizontal wells in the aspect of gravity separation is utilized to combine and utilize the current exploitation method, so that exploitation and energy supplement are separated, and separation of produced gas and produced water is realized;
(2) The adoption of the stacked horizontal wells can realize water control, avoid flooding of the gas producing well, and simultaneously facilitate the reasonable utilization of energy;
(3) The method has the advantages that a novel hydrate reservoir exploitation mode is provided, and well position design and exploitation methods are organically combined from the aspect of reservoir characteristics;
(4) An indoor experimental simulation model is designed, and a foundation is laid for verifying the rule of the exploitation process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stacked horizontal well hydrate reservoir experimental simulation apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrate distribution simulation device in an experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacking horizontal wells according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 1-injecting a water container; 2-a water inlet gate valve; 3-a water injection pump I; 4-outlet gate valve I; 5-a water injection pump II; 6-outlet gate valve II; 7-a gas cylinder; 8-a gas cylinder outlet control valve; 9-booster pump inlet valve; 10-a booster pump; 11-an air compressor outlet valve; 12-an air compressor; 13-booster pump outlet valve; 14-a gas high pressure vessel inlet valve; 15-a pressure gauge; 16-gas high pressure vessel outlet valve; 17-a gas high pressure vessel; 18-gas control gate valve; 19-an analog device inlet valve; 20-a gate valve at the inlet of the reaction kettle; 21-constant temperature water bath; 22-high pressure gauge; 23-thermometer; 25-measuring a pressure point of a flat well; 26-horizontal wellhead; a 27-hydrate distribution simulation device; 28-horizontal wellhead control valve; 29-a gate valve at the outlet of the reaction kettle; 30-a horizontal wellhead junction; 31-a back pressure valve; 32-controlling a gate valve; 33-a gas-liquid separation bottle; 34-a control gate valve; 35-a wet flow meter; 36-a control valve; 37-gas exhaust line; 38-data recording junction points; 39-a data acquisition instrument; 40-hot water circulation outlet gate valve; 41-hot water circulation inlet gate valve; 42-small water bath heating outlet gate valve; 43-heating the inlet gate valve in a small water bath; 44-small water bath; 45-horizontal well energy injection control valve; 46-a horizontal well energy injection control valve; 47-horizontal well energy injection control valve; 48-horizontal well energy injection control valve; 49-horizontal well energy injection control valve; 50-horizontal well horizontal pipe sections; 51-horizontal well horizontal pipe sections; 52-horizontal well horizontal pipe sections; 53-horizontal well horizontal pipe section; 54-horizontal well horizontal pipe sections; 110-a reaction kettle; 120-a reaction kettle top cover; 130-a reaction kettle base; 140-horizontal segment perforation; 150-washers.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental simulation device for the hydrate exploitation reservoir of the stacked horizontal well comprises an injection water container 1, a water injection pump set, a gas cylinder 7, an air compressor 12, a booster pump 10, a gas high-pressure container 17, five horizontal outlet pipelines, a data acquisition instrument 39, a small water bath 44, a constant-temperature water bath 21 and a hydrate distribution simulation device 27 arranged in the constant-temperature water bath 21;
the small water bath 44 is communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container 1 through a small water bath heating outlet gate valve 42, a hot water circulation outlet gate valve 40, a small water bath heating inlet gate valve 43 and a hot water circulation inlet gate valve 41 respectively;
the water injection container 1, the water inlet gate valve 2 and the water injection pump set are sequentially communicated, the water injection pump set comprises a water injection pump I3 and a water injection pump II 5 which are arranged in parallel, and outlet gate valves I4 and II 6 are respectively arranged at the outlet ends of the water injection pump I3 and the water injection pump II 5;
the air bottle 7, the air bottle outlet control valve 8, the booster pump inlet valve 9 and the booster pump 10 are communicated, the air compressor 12, the air compressor outlet valve 11 and the booster pump 10 are also communicated, and the booster pump 10, the booster pump outlet valve 13, the gas high-pressure container inlet valve 14 and the gas high-pressure container 17 are sequentially communicated;
the gas high-pressure container 17, the pressure gauge 15, the gas high-pressure container outlet valve 16 and the gas control gate valve 18 are communicated in sequence; the inlet valve 19 of the simulation device is respectively communicated with the gas control gate valve 18 and the outlet gate valve II 6;
the bottom of the simulator inlet valve 19, the bottom of the reactor inlet gate valve 20 and the bottom of the hydrate distribution simulator 27 are communicated, the simulator inlet valve 19 is also respectively communicated with the horizontal well energy injection control valves 45-49, and the horizontal well energy injection control valves 45-49 are respectively communicated with the horizontal well heads 26 of the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections 54-50;
the hydrate distribution simulation device 27 is internally provided with a horizontal well pipe section 50-54, the outer surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device is provided with a horizontal well mouth 26 communicated with the horizontal well pipe section, and the side surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device is provided with five high-pressure gauges 22 and five thermometers 23; five horizontal outlet pipes are horizontally stacked on one side of the hydrate distribution simulation device 27 and are communicated with horizontal well horizontal pipe sections 50-54; one end of the high-pressure gauge 22 is positioned at a flat well pressure measuring point 25 in the hydrate distribution simulation device 27; the five high-pressure gauges 22 and the five thermometers 23 are intersected at a data recording intersection point 38; the top of the hydrate distribution simulation device 27 is communicated with a reaction kettle outlet gate valve 29, and the reaction kettle outlet gate valve 29 is intersected at an intersection point 30 of an outlet pipeline of each horizontal outlet pipeline and a horizontal wellhead;
the horizontal outlet pipeline comprises a horizontal wellhead control valve 28, a back pressure valve 31, a control gate valve 32 and a gas-liquid separation bottle 33 which are sequentially communicated, a gas discharge pipeline 37 is arranged on the gas-liquid separation bottle 33, and the gas discharge pipeline 37 is provided with a control gate valve 34, a wet flowmeter 35 and a control valve 36;
the data acquisition instrument 39 is electrically connected with the high-pressure manometer 22, the thermometer 23 and the wet flowmeter 35 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydrate distribution simulation device 27 includes a reaction kettle 110, a reaction kettle top cover 120 and a reaction kettle base 130 respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end of the reaction kettle 110, the horizontal well horizontal pipe section is stacked in the reaction kettle 110, the horizontal well mouth 26 is installed at the outer side of the reaction kettle 110, and the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections 50-54 are provided with a plurality of horizontal section perforations 140; washers 150 are respectively arranged between the reaction kettle 110, the reaction kettle top cover 120 and the reaction kettle base 130.
The hydrate distribution simulation device 27 has the following advantages:
(1) The reaction kettle 110 adopts a cylindrical barrel design, the top end and the low end of the reaction kettle 110 are in threaded connection and gasket 150, and meanwhile, the two ends of the reaction kettle are opened and closed by threaded connection and rotation, so that the operation is convenient;
(2) The measuring position of the temperature probe (namely, the thermometer 23) is positioned at the axial center of the reaction kettle 110, and the probes are uniformly distributed on the cylinder of the reaction kettle 110;
(3) The horizontal well adopts a horizontal pipe section for simulation, circular small holes (namely horizontal section perforation 140) are uniformly distributed in the up-down direction of the pipe section, an inlet and an outlet are provided for fluid, and meanwhile, a certain number of screens are filled in the pipe section to prevent the circular small holes from being blocked by a simulation medium; the right end of the horizontal pipe section is a pressure sensor interface connected by adopting threads, and a fixing bolt is arranged on the wall surface of the reaction kettle 110 and used for fixing the horizontal pipe section and testing the pressure change condition of the horizontal pipe section in the simulated hydrate exploitation process;
(4) In the process of simulating hydrate exploitation, the horizontal pipe section can be used as an output port of a horizontal well and also can be used as an energy injection end to provide energy for a hydrate simulated reservoir (such as quartz sand, glass beads and the like);
(5) The two ends of the reaction kettle 110 are provided with gas injection water injection ports which are mainly used for gas supply and water supply in the generation process of the hydrate, and can also be used as a mining outlet and an energy injection port for researching the mining process of the hydrate;
(6) In order to fully embody the gravity differentiation function and play the function of the horizontal section, the design process of the reaction kettle 110 needs to pay attention to the height and the radial proportion of the reaction kettle;
(7) The device not only can simulate the related functions of the stacked horizontal wells, but also can study the exploitation rule of the hydrate reservoir by selecting different injection heat positions or extraction positions.
The experimental steps of the device are as follows:
hydrate formation:
1. after drying the porous medium, filling the porous medium into a reaction kettle 110;
2. closing an outlet gate valve II 6, opening a gas high-pressure container outlet valve 16 and a gas control gate valve 18, opening a gas cylinder outlet control valve 8, a booster pump inlet valve 9 and a booster pump outlet valve 13, opening an air compressor 12, opening an air compressor outlet valve 11, pressurizing gas in a gas cylinder 7, and storing the gas in a gas high-pressure container 17;
3. pressurizing the reaction kettle 110 to a certain pressure value through the gas high-pressure container 17, and detecting leakage of the device;
4. opening the inlet gate valve 20 of the reaction kettle, closing the energy injection control valves 45-49 of the horizontal well and all outlet gate valves, and discharging and relieving the gas if the error of the pressure of the gas is small for 24 hours within 24 hours, wherein the tightness of the device is considered to be good;
5. the temperature of the thermostatic waterbath 21 is regulated to the required temperature, the outlet gate valve 29 of the reaction kettle is opened, and the rest outlet gate valves are still kept in a closed state;
6. opening a water inlet gate valve 2, opening a water injection pump I3 or a water injection pump II 5, injecting water into the reaction kettle 110, discharging gas, and pressurizing to a certain pressure value;
7. closing the outlet gate valve II 6 of the waterway, opening the gas control gate valve 18, opening the reactor outlet gate valve 29, discharging a certain volume of water with gas to give the injected gas a part of space, and pressurizing the reactor 110 to a required pressure;
8. continuously pressurizing the reaction kettle 110 to the required pressure by using a water injection pump I3 or a water injection pump II 5 to provide power for hydrate generation;
9. closing the reaction kettle inlet gate valve 20 and the reaction kettle outlet gate valve 29, and gradually generating hydrate;
10. the temperature and pressure of the reaction vessel 110 were recorded during hydrate formation.
Experimental procedure for stacking horizontal wells:
in fig. 2, the reactor 110 has five horizontal layers, each of which is connected to the horizontal well energy injection control valve 45, so that each horizontal layer can be used to supply heat, while each horizontal layer is connected to a separate back pressure valve 31, a gas-liquid separation bottle 33 (with balance), and a wet flow meter 35, respectively, for metering the gas and water production of different horizontal layers. For energy replenishment, the injected water can be heated to a certain desired temperature (even to steam) by a small water bath 44, and different levels can be injected by a water injection pump I3 or a water injection pump II 5. In addition, CO can be performed by replacing the gas cylinder 7 with carbon dioxide and injecting the carbon dioxide into the horizontal section through the gas injection system 2 /CH 4 And (3) substitution reaction. The heat injection steps for the stacked horizontal wells are as follows:
11. the small water bath 44 is started, and the water injected into the water container 1 is heated to the required temperature or steam;
12. starting a water injection pump I3 or a water injection pump II 5, opening a horizontal well energy injection control valve 47, injecting hot water or steam to a certain pressure, stopping the pump, closing the horizontal well energy injection control valve 47, keeping the system constant, and providing a certain time for decomposing the hydrate;
13. setting the back pressure valves of the horizontal well horizontal pipe section 50 and the horizontal well horizontal pipe section 54 to a certain pressure, wherein the back pressure valve of the horizontal well horizontal pipe section 50 is regulated to a certain value below the phase equilibrium pressure to perform depressurization exploitation, and the back pressure valve 31 of the horizontal well horizontal pipe section 54 is regulated to be above or below the phase equilibrium pressure;
14. the data of pressure, flow rate, temperature, etc. are recorded by a data acquisition instrument 39.
The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present application and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present application to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the application.
Claims (10)
1. The experimental simulation device for the hydrate reservoir exploitation of the stacked horizontal well is characterized by comprising an injection water container (1), a water injection pump set, a gas cylinder (7), an air compressor (12), a booster pump (10), a gas high-pressure container (17), a plurality of horizontal outlet pipelines, a data acquisition instrument (39), a small water bath (44), a constant-temperature water bath (20) and a hydrate distribution simulation device (27) arranged in the constant-temperature water bath (21), wherein the injection water container (1) is communicated with the water injection pump set; the small water bath (44) is respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container (1); the gas cylinder (7) and the air compressor (12) are both communicated with the booster pump (10), and the booster pump (10) is communicated with the gas high-pressure container (17);
a plurality of horizontal well horizontal pipe sections are arranged in the hydrate distribution simulation device (27), a horizontal well mouth (26) communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections is arranged on the outer surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device, and a plurality of high-pressure gauges (22) and thermometers (23) are arranged on the side surface of the hydrate distribution simulation device; a plurality of horizontal outlet pipelines are horizontally overlapped on one side of the hydrate distribution simulation device (27) and are communicated with the horizontal well horizontal pipe section;
the horizontal outlet pipeline comprises a horizontal wellhead control valve (28), a back pressure valve (31), a control gate valve (32) and a gas-liquid separation bottle (33) which are sequentially communicated, a gas discharge pipeline (37) is arranged on the gas-liquid separation bottle (33), and the gas discharge pipeline (37) is provided with a control gate valve (34), a wet flowmeter (35) and a control valve (36);
the gas high-pressure container (17) and the water injection pump set are communicated with the bottom of the hydrate distribution simulation device (27) and the horizontal wellhead (26);
the data acquisition instrument (39) is electrically connected with the high-pressure manometer (22), the thermometer (23) and the wet flowmeter (35) respectively.
2. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein the hydrate distribution simulation device (27) comprises a reaction kettle (110), a reaction kettle top cover (120) and a reaction kettle base (130) which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the reaction kettle (110), horizontal well horizontal pipe sections are stacked in the reaction kettle (110), a horizontal wellhead (26) is arranged at the outer side of the reaction kettle (110), and a plurality of horizontal section perforations (140) are arranged on the horizontal well horizontal pipe sections.
3. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells as claimed in claim 2, wherein gaskets (150) are respectively arranged between the reaction kettle (110) and the reaction kettle top cover (120) and between the reaction kettle base (130).
4. An experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs in stacked horizontal wells as claimed in claim 1 wherein a screen is provided in the horizontal well section.
5. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water injection pump group comprises a water injection pump I (3) and a water injection pump II (5) which are arranged in parallel.
6. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by using stacked horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein outlet ends of the water injection pump I (3) and the water injection pump II (5) are respectively provided with an outlet gate valve I (4) and an outlet gate valve II (6).
7. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein the gas cylinder (7), the gas cylinder outlet control valve (8) and the booster pump inlet valve (9) are sequentially communicated with each other by a booster pump (10);
the air compressor (12), the air compressor outlet valve (11) and the booster pump (10) are communicated;
the booster pump (10), the booster pump outlet valve (13), the gas high-pressure container inlet valve (14) and the gas high-pressure container (17) are communicated in sequence.
8. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein the gas high-pressure container (17), the pressure gauge (15), the gas high-pressure container outlet valve (16) and the gas control gate valve (18) are sequentially communicated; the inlet valve (19) of the simulation device is respectively communicated with the gas control gate valve (18) and the outlet gate valve II (6).
9. The experimental simulation device for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacked horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein the small water bath (44) is communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the injection water container (1) through a small water bath heating outlet gate valve (42) and a hot water circulation outlet gate valve (40), a small water bath heating inlet gate valve (43) and a hot water circulation inlet gate valve (41), respectively.
10. An experimental simulation method for producing hydrate reservoirs by stacking horizontal wells is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) After drying the porous medium, filling the porous medium into a hydrate distribution simulation device (27);
(2) Opening an air compressor (12), pressurizing the gas in the gas cylinder (7), and storing the gas into a gas high-pressure container (17);
(3) Pressurizing a hydrate distribution simulation device (27) to a certain pressure value through a gas high-pressure container (17), and detecting leakage of the device;
(4) If the error of the pressure of the gas is small within 24 hours and the error of the pressure of the gas is 24 hours, the tightness of the device is considered to be good, and the gas is discharged and decompressed;
(5) Regulating the temperature of the thermostatic water bath (21) to a required temperature;
(6) Starting a water injection pump I (3) or a water injection pump II (5), injecting water into a hydrate distribution simulation device (27), discharging gas, and pressurizing to a certain pressure value;
(7) Discharging a volume of water from the gas to the injection gas to make a portion of the space available and pressurizing the hydrate distribution simulation device (27) to a desired pressure;
(8) Continuously pressurizing the water injection pump I (3) or the water injection pump II (5) to the required pressure for the hydrate distribution simulation device (27) to supply power for hydrate generation;
(9) Closing an inlet and an outlet of a hydrate distribution simulation device (27), and gradually generating hydrate;
(10) Recording the temperature and pressure of the reaction vessel during hydrate formation;
(11) Opening a small water bath (44) and heating the water injected into the water container (1) to a required temperature or steam;
(12) Starting a water injection pump I (3) or a water injection pump II (5), injecting hot water or steam to a certain pressure, keeping the system constant, and providing a certain time for decomposing the hydrate;
(13) Setting the back pressure valves of the uppermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section and the lowermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section to a certain pressure, wherein the back pressure valve of the uppermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section is regulated to a certain value below the phase equilibrium pressure, carrying out depressurization exploitation, and regulating the back pressure valve of the lowermost horizontal well horizontal pipe section to be above or below the phase equilibrium pressure;
(14) The data of pressure, flow rate, temperature and the like are recorded by a data acquisition instrument (39).
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| CN111706308A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-25 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司 | Gas flow monitoring simulation device and method in porous medium containing methane hydrate |
| CN111794722B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Marine natural gas hydrate reservoir-development simulation experiment system and method |
| CN112780239A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | Water pressurization and rush drainage device for water-drive gas reservoir flooding well |
| CN113092732A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-09 | 青岛理工大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation simulation and sand production and prevention experimental method |
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| CN102162353A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-24 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Three-dimensional well pattern device of natural gas hydrate |
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