CN111707800B - Device and method for simulating remodeling and depressurization exploitation of natural gas hydrate reservoir of underlying gas - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating remodeling and depressurization exploitation of natural gas hydrate reservoir of underlying gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111707800B CN111707800B CN202010522457.4A CN202010522457A CN111707800B CN 111707800 B CN111707800 B CN 111707800B CN 202010522457 A CN202010522457 A CN 202010522457A CN 111707800 B CN111707800 B CN 111707800B
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for simulating natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization exploitation of underlying gas. The device comprises a submerged gas reservoir rock core holder, a base, a plunger pump, an air injection pump, a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a mass balance, an air collecting tank, a water bath, a computer, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The core holder with the underbending gas reservoir comprises a confining pressure and covering pressure cavity, a hydrate cavity and an underbending gas reservoir cavity, and is arranged in a water tank controlled by a water bath; the bottom of the hydrate cavity is separated from the underlying gas reservoir cavity by a waterproof breathable layer; the top of the hydrate cavity is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator and a gas collecting tank; the bottom of the lower pressure gas storage cavity is connected with a gas injection pump, and the top of the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity is connected with a plunger pump. By utilizing the device for simulating the remodeling and depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate reservoir of the underlying gas, the hydrate sample with the underlying gas reservoir can be remodeled, and the depressurization joint exploitation of the hydrate and the underlying gas reservoir can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy exploitation, and particularly relates to a natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization exploitation simulation device and method for underlying gas.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is widely stored in sediments at the edge of the sea and in permafrost zones of continents in the nature, has the characteristics of large reserves, wide distribution, shallow burial, high energy density and clean combustion, and is considered to be one of strategic resources with the most application prospect in the future. Although China, Japan, America and the like have carried out multiple successful hydrate pilot mining in frozen soil areas and oceans, the mining efficiency, the continuous gas production time, the total gas production amount and the like can not reach the commercial mining level of the hydrate. The common methods for exploiting the hydrate resources comprise a depressurization method, a heat injection method and an inhibitor injection method, and the depressurization method has good economy and strong applicability and is the most widely applied exploitation method at present. However, the problems of low efficiency, secondary generation of hydrate, pipeline blockage caused by ice generation and the like exist in the depressurization mining, so that the safe, efficient and economic mining of the hydrate still has many bottlenecks to be broken through. It is necessary to continuously develop hydrate exploitation simulation experiments in a laboratory, and reference and guidance are provided for on-site trial exploitation of hydrates.
From the analysis results of the natural gas hydrate sample discovered at present, free gas and shallow gas reservoirs exist below the natural gas hydrate reservoir in nature. Furthermore, there is often a conventional gas field in the vicinity of the natural gas hydrate reservoir. Therefore, the underlying gas reservoir is also used as a research object to realize the joint mining of the hydrate reservoir and the gas reservoir, so that the energy exploitation can be carried out to the maximum extent, and the potential danger and the environmental damage of the gas reservoir to the natural gas hydrate exploitation can be reduced. However, the research on the aspects of how to realize the joint production of the hydrate and the underlying gas reservoir, the gas and water production characteristics of the joint production of the hydrate and the gas reservoir and the like is hardly reported.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a device and a method for simulating the remodeling and depressurization exploitation of a natural gas hydrate reservoir of underlying gas, which can remodel a hydrate sample with an underlying gas reservoir and realize depressurization joint exploitation of the hydrate and the underlying gas reservoir.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization exploitation simulation device for underlying gas comprises an underlying gas reservoir core holder 1, a base 2, a plunger pump 5, a gas injection pump 4, a back pressure valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7, a mass balance 8, a gas collection tank 9, a water tank 3, a water bath 10, a computer 20, a temperature sensor 28 and a pressure sensor;
the core holder 1 with the underlying gas reservoir comprises a top cover 21, a metal sleeve 22, a top plug 23, a sleeve 24, a hydrate cavity 25, a bottom plug 26, a bottom cover 27, a temperature sensor 28, an underlying gas reservoir cavity 29, a waterproof and breathable layer 30, a telescopic pipe 31, a confining pressure and covering pressure cavity 32 and a sealing ring 33; the core holder 1 with the underburden gas reservoir is arranged in a water tank 3 controlled by a water bath 10;
the top cover 21, the metal sleeve 22 and the bottom cover 27 form a shell of the undervoltage gas reservoir rock core holder 1, the internal space is a confining pressure and covering pressure cavity 32, and a sealing ring 33 is arranged between the top cover 21 and the metal sleeve 22; the hydrate cavity 25 and the underlying gas reservoir cavity 29 are enclosed by a sleeve 24, and the sleeve 24 is arranged in the enclosing and pressing cavity 32; the bottom of the hydrate cavity 25 is separated from the underlying gas reservoir cavity 29 through a waterproof breathable layer 30 so as to ensure the gas connectivity between the underlying gas reservoir cavity 29 and the hydrate cavity 25; the top of the hydrate cavity 25 is provided with a top plug 23, and the top plug is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7 and a gas collecting tank 9; the gas-liquid separator 7 is placed on the mass balance 8; the bottom of the lower bent gas storage cavity 29 is provided with a bottom plug 26 which is connected with the gas injection pump 4; the top of the confining pressure and overpressure cavity 32 is connected with the plunger pump 5;
the lower pressure gas storage cavity 29, the hydrate cavity 25 and the confining pressure and overpressure cavity 32 are all connected with pressure sensors; the bottom of the underlying gas reservoir chamber 29 is fitted with a temperature sensor 28.
The waterproof breathable layer 30 is detachable and convenient to replace or clean.
Connected to the top plug 23 is a telescopic tube 31, which facilitates simultaneous application of confining pressure and overburden pressure.
The plug 23 is movable up and down to control the height of the hydrate chamber 25.
A method for simulating natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production of underburden gas, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the sediment and water, then preparing a core with the same size as the hydrate cavity 25, and placing the core in the hydrate cavity 25;
(2) installing equipment and connecting a pipeline, and detecting leakage after the temperature of the water bath 10 is controlled stably;
(3) injecting confining pressure and covering pressure liquid into the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity 32 by using a plunger pump 5, and simultaneously injecting gas into the underlying gas storage cavity 29 to a required pressure by using a gas injection pump 4 so as to synthesize a hydrate-containing sediment sample;
(4) after the hydrate sample synthesis is completed, setting the backpressure valve 6 as the mining pressure, and opening the mass balance 8, the backpressure valve 6 and the third valve 17 to realize the pressure reduction joint mining of the hydrate and the gas reservoir;
(5) real-time water yield is obtained by using a gas-liquid separator 7 and a mass balance 8, and the gas collection tank 9 collects the produced gas.
In the steps (3) and (4), the confining pressure and the overburden pressure are controlled to be always higher than the pressure of the gas reservoir in the hydrate generation and exploitation processes.
And (3) calculating the hydrate saturation degree through the gas injection quantity of the gas injection pump 4 in the process of generating the hydrate sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the remodeling and depressurization exploitation simulation device for the natural gas hydrate reservoir of the underlying gas can remodel a hydrate-containing sediment sample with a gas reservoir in a core holder with the underlying gas reservoir, and the underlying gas reservoir can supplement gas consumed by generating the hydrate in the sediment core in time in the hydrate generation process so as to improve the saturation of the hydrate; in the decompression exploitation process, the underlying gas reservoir can slow down the pressure reduction rate and provide energy for the decomposition and heat absorption of the hydrate, so that the phenomena of secondary generation of the hydrate and ice generation, which are common in the hydrate decomposition process, are inhibited. The device can provide confining pressure and covering pressure for the sample simultaneously to reduce the occurrence environment of hydrate in the nature as far as possible, and easy operation, convenient and feasible.
(2) The method for simulating the remodeling and depressurization exploitation of the natural gas hydrate reservoir of the underlying gas can remodel a high-saturation hydrate sample with a gas reservoir and realize depressurization joint exploitation of the hydrate and the underlying gas reservoir. The method for simulating the depressurization exploitation of the hydrate reservoir of the underlying gas reservoir can obtain the gas yield and the water yield in the exploitation process, so that parameters such as exploitation time, exploitation efficiency and the like are calculated, and reference and guidance are provided for commercialization of the depressurization joint exploitation of the hydrate and the gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production simulation apparatus for the underlying gas;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a downhole reservoir core holder.
In the figure: 1, a core holder for a prone reservoir under the belt; 2, a base; 3, a water tank; 4, an air injection pump; 5 a plunger pump; 6, a back pressure valve; 7 gas-liquid separator; 8, a mass balance; 9, a gas collection tank; 10, water bath; 11 a first pressure sensor; 12 a second pressure sensor; 13 a third pressure sensor; 14 a fourth pressure sensor; 15 a first valve; 16 a second valve; 17 a third valve; 18 a fourth valve; 19 a fifth valve; 20, a computer; 21 a top cover; 22 a metal sleeve; 23, plugging the top plug; 24 a sleeve; 25 hydrate chamber; 26 a bottom plug; 27 a bottom cover; 28 a temperature sensor; 29 voltammetric gas reservoir chamber; 30 waterproof breathable layers; 31 a telescoping tube; 32 confining and overlaying cavities; 33 sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the technical solutions and the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production simulation device for underburden gas, which includes an underburden gas reservoir core holder 1, a base 2, a plunger pump 5, a gas injection pump 4, a backpressure valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7, a mass balance 8, a gas collection tank 9, a water tank 3, a water bath 10, a computer 20, a temperature sensor 28 and a pressure sensor.
The core holder 1 with the underlying gas reservoir comprises a confining pressure and covering pressure cavity 32, a hydrate cavity 25 and an underlying gas reservoir cavity 29, and is arranged in a water tank 3 controlled by a water bath 10; the bottom of the hydrate cavity 25 is separated from the underlying gas reservoir cavity 29 through a waterproof breathable layer 30; the top of the hydrate cavity 25 is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7 and a gas collecting tank 9; the gas-liquid separator 7 is placed on a mass balance 8; the bottom of the lower bent gas storage cavity 29 is connected with a gas injection pump 4; the top of the confining pressure and overpressure cavity 32 is connected with the plunger pump 5.
The lower pressure gas storage cavity 29, the hydrate cavity 25, the confining pressure cavity and the overpressure cavity 32 are all connected with pressure sensors; the bottom of the underlying gas reservoir chamber 29 is fitted with a temperature sensor 28.
A waterproof breathable layer 30 is arranged between the photovoltaic gas reservoir cavity 29 and the hydrate cavity 25 so as to ensure the gas connectivity between the photovoltaic gas reservoir cavity 29 and the hydrate cavity 25; the waterproof breathable layer 30 is detachable and convenient to replace or clean.
Connected to the top plug 23 is a telescopic tube 31, which facilitates simultaneous application of confining pressure and overburden pressure.
The plug 23 is movable up and down to control the height of the hydrate chamber 25.
In a second embodiment, the present invention provides a simulation method for remodeling and depressurization production of a natural gas hydrate reservoir by using the underlying gas, which is described with reference to fig. 1, and includes the following specific steps:
(1) mixing the sediment and water in a certain proportion, then preparing a rock core with the same size as the hydrate cavity 25,
placing the core in the hydrate chamber 25;
(2) installing equipment and connecting a pipeline, and detecting leakage after the temperature of the water bath 10 is controlled stably;
(3) injecting confining pressure and covering pressure liquid into the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity 32 by using a plunger pump 5, and simultaneously injecting gas into the underlying gas storage cavity 29 to a required pressure by using a gas injection pump 4 so as to synthesize a hydrate-containing sediment sample;
(4) after the hydrate sample synthesis is completed, setting the backpressure valve 6 as the mining pressure, and opening the mass balance 8, the backpressure valve 6 and the valve 17 to realize the pressure reduction joint mining of the hydrate and the gas reservoir;
(5) real-time water yield is obtained by using a gas-liquid separator 7 and a mass balance 8, and the gas collection tank 9 collects the produced gas.
And (3) and (4) controlling the confining pressure and the overburden pressure to be always higher than the gas reservoir pressure in the hydrate generation and exploitation process.
In the step (3), the hydrate saturation can be estimated by the gas injection amount of the gas injection pump 4 in the process of generating the hydrate sample.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The device for simulating remodeling and depressurization production of the natural gas hydrate reservoir of underlying gas is characterized by comprising an underlying gas reservoir core holder (1), a base (2), a plunger pump (5), an air injection pump (4), a back pressure valve (6), a gas-liquid separator (7), a mass balance (8), an air collection tank (9), a water tank (3), a water bath (10), a computer (20), a temperature sensor (28) and a pressure sensor;
the core holder (1) with the underlying gas reservoir comprises a top cover (21), a metal sleeve (22), a top plug (23), a sleeve (24), a hydrate cavity (25), a bottom plug (26), a bottom cover (27), a temperature sensor (28), an underlying gas reservoir cavity (29), a waterproof and breathable layer (30), an extension tube (31), a confining pressure and overpressure cavity (32) and a sealing ring (33); the core holder (1) with the underlying gas reservoir is arranged in a water tank (3) controlled by a water bath (10); the top cover (21), the metal sleeve (22) and the bottom cover (27) form a shell of the undervoltage gas reservoir rock core holder (1), the inner space is a confining pressure and covering pressure cavity (32), and a sealing ring (33) is arranged between the top cover (21) and the metal sleeve (22); the hydrate cavity (25) and the lower-pressure gas reservoir cavity (29) are surrounded by a sleeve (24), and the sleeve (24) is arranged in the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity (32); the bottom of the hydrate cavity (25) is separated from the underlying gas reservoir cavity (29) through a waterproof breathable layer (30) so as to ensure the gas connectivity between the underlying gas reservoir cavity (29) and the hydrate cavity (25); the top of the hydrate cavity (25) is provided with a top plug (23) which is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve (6), a gas-liquid separator (7) and a gas collecting tank (9); wherein the top plug (23) can move up and down to control the height of the hydrate cavity (25); the gas-liquid separator (7) is arranged on the mass balance (8); the bottom of the lower bent gas storage cavity (29) is provided with a bottom plug (26) which is connected with the gas injection pump (4); the top of the confining pressure and overpressure cavity (32) is connected with a plunger pump (5); the top plug (23) is connected with a telescopic pipe (31) which is convenient for realizing simultaneous application of confining pressure and covering pressure;
the lower pressure gas storage cavity (29), the hydrate cavity (25) and the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity (32) are all connected with pressure sensors; the bottom of the lower-pressure gas storage cavity (29) is provided with a temperature sensor (28).
2. A natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and reduced pressure production simulator of underlying gas according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof gas permeable layer (30) is detachable for easy replacement or cleaning.
3. A natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production simulation method of underburden gas is realized on the basis of the natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production simulation device of underburden gas of claim 1 or 2, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the sediment and water, then preparing a core with the same size as the hydrate cavity (25), and placing the core in the hydrate cavity (25);
(2) the equipment is installed and connected with a pipeline, and leakage detection is carried out after the temperature control of the water bath (10) is stable;
(3) injecting confining pressure and covering pressure liquid into the confining pressure and covering pressure cavity (32) by using a plunger pump (5), and simultaneously injecting gas into the downward pressure gas storage cavity (29) to the required pressure by using an air injection pump (4) so as to synthesize a hydrate-containing sediment sample;
(4) after the synthesis of the hydrate sample is finished, setting the backpressure valve (6) as the mining pressure, and opening the mass balance (8), the backpressure valve (6) and the third valve (17) to realize the pressure reduction joint mining of the hydrate and the gas reservoir;
(5) real-time water yield is obtained by utilizing a gas-liquid separator (7) and a mass balance (8), and produced gas is collected by a gas collecting tank (9).
4. A natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production simulation method of the underlying gas according to claim 3, wherein in the steps (3) and (4), the confining pressure and the overbalance pressure are controlled to be always higher than the pressure of the gas reservoir in the process of generating and producing the hydrate.
5. The method for simulating natural gas hydrate reservoir remodeling and depressurization production of the underlying gas according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step (3), the hydrate saturation can be calculated through the gas injection amount of the gas injection pump (4) in the process of generating the hydrate sample.
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