CN102507871A - Visual dynamic simulating device for deposition in gas hydrate pipeline - Google Patents
Visual dynamic simulating device for deposition in gas hydrate pipeline Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visual dynamic simulating device for deposition in a gas hydrate pipeline, which is used for simulating the generation, the transportation and the deposition of gas hydrate in high-pressure high-speed air flow and can be used for summarizing the high-speed motion characteristic, the transportation mechanism and the deposition rule of a pipeline gas-solid phase. The invention has the technical schemes that: the top end of a low-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the outlet end of the low-pressure gas storage tank is connected with a high-pressure gas pump and then is connected with a high-pressure gas storage tank, and the top end of the high-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a pressure sensor; the outlet end of a liquid storage tank is connected with a metering pump, and the upper end of a gas-liquid separator is connected with a vacuum pump and a tail gas treating device; the top end of a high-pressure reaction tube is connected with an outlet electrical heating insulation pipeline, and the bottom end of the high-pressure reaction tube is provided with a pressure sensor and an inlet electrical heating insulation pipeline; and a data acquisition system is formed by a data acquisition card, a computer, a cold light source and a high-speed camera, and a pipeline temperature attitude control system is additionally arranged. According to the visual dynamic simulating device disclosed by the invention, the generation process, the transportation process and the deposition process of the gas hydrate in the high-pressure high-speed air flow can be really simulated, and the visual dynamic simulating device is used for evaluating a gas hydrate inhibitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process of multicomponent gas hydrate that be used for simulating, observe the interactional gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means between interior air-flow of various angle pipelines and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle in high-voltage high-speed airflow generation, migration and deposition.
Background technology
In natural gas extraction, transportation, the generation of gas hydrate is often stopped up gas well and surface pipeline.Because when rock gas is in high pressure, even also can form hydrate at normal temperature.In the natural gas transportation process,, can aggravate the formation of gas hydrate because topographic relief can cause pipeline recess hydrops, form part throttle.Gas hydrate in production facility deposit, and greatly reduce the utilization factor of production flow line, cause gas well output to descend, even stop production, and have a strong impact on the production even running.
At present, the laboratory adopts static experimental provision to come the formation and the decomposition of analog gas hydrate more.For example the agitated reactor through transparent autoclave or band form experimentizes, and this type experimental provision belongs to staticizer.In Chinese patent number 01130148.1 " a kind of preparation method of gas hydrate and device "; What stress is a kind of preparation method of gas hydrate, chemical promoter and water is mixed with the WS, under certain temperature and pressure; Rock gas and water effect; Form gas hydrate slurry, and leave redundant moisture, what more pay attention to is the working method of hydrate.Number of patent application is that 200710026942.7 patented claim " natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation experiment device " discloses a kind of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation experiment device; Its reactor volume is variable, and the phase balance condition of hydrate is measured in hydrate under can existing the different chemical medicament and the porous medium.This invention belongs to static gas hydrate experimental provision, and does not realize visualization function.Number of patent application is that 200710172024.5 patented claim " visible phase equilibrium experimental device of refrigerant hydrate for cold-storage and application thereof " can be observed gas hydrate easily in static method or the short generative process of brilliant method under the uniform temperature condition of magnetic agitation, is that a kind of available observation and constant volume method are comparatively accurately measured the balance each other visual research device of parameter of refrigerant hydrate.This invention belongs to gas at rest hydrate experimental provision.Equally, number of patent application is that 200410017183.4 patented claim " the built-in heat exchanging type gas hydrate holds/release cold process visualization research device " also belongs to gas at rest hydrate experimental provision.Number of patent application be 201010603010.6 patented claim " a kind of visual gas hydrate experimental provision " can realize gas hydrate fast, the efficient generation; Can also realize hydrate crystal destructing in the online real-time monitored hydrate formation/decomposable process, pattern, and analyze through image processing software.Principle is that micro-bubble is migrated in the tubing string of full of liquid, can't simulate the actual conditions that gas hydrate generates under high-voltage high-speed in the pipeline, also can't flow to hydrate formation and the influence of decomposing by analytical gas.
The present invention is used for studying the deposition of the interior multicomponent gas hydrate of pipeline at high-voltage high-speed airflow; The process of can the analog gas hydrate in high-voltage high-speed airflow, separating out, migrating and deposit; The directly interaction between air-flow and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle in the various angle pipelines of observation; Provide flow at high speed characteristic, migration mechanism and the deposition rule of pipeline gas solid phase, and can be used for the evaluation of gas hydrate inhibitor.
Through the document investigation, the multicomponent gas hydrate generates in high-voltage high-speed airflow, migrates and aspect deposition, do not find the report of thinking, product, process design method and the theoretical basis research relevant with gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means in the simulation pipeline.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: in order to simulate rock gas in exploitation, transportation; The phenomenon that the multicomponent gas hydrate generates in high-voltage high-speed airflow, migrates and deposit in the pipeline; The directly interaction between air-flow and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle in the various angle pipelines of observation, the spy provides gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means, form by the gas-liquid circulation system, reactive system, data acquisition system (DAS), pipe temperature attitude control system; Its architectural feature is: the gas-liquid circulation system is by low pressure gasholder, fluid reservoir, high-pressure pump; High pressure tank; Volume pump, gas-liquid separator constitutes, and first temperature sensor and first pressure transducer are installed in the low pressure gasholder top; The inlet of low pressure gasholder connects the 3rd stop valve, and outlet connects high-pressure pump; The endpiece of high-pressure pump is connected the inlet end of high pressure tank, and first non-return valve is installed between high-pressure pump and high pressure tank; The high-pressure gas upper end is installed second pressure transducer, and endpiece connects second non-return valve; The fluid reservoir inlet connects first stop valve, and outlet connects volume pump, and the volume pump outlet links to each other with the 3rd non-return valve; Second non-return valve and the 3rd non-return valve pick out pipeline and converge back one by-pass line and first pressure maintaining valve and join; The first pressure maintaining valve endpiece access port electrical heat tracing pipeline; First another by-pass line of pressure maintaining valve porch connects first safety valve, and inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline connects reaction under high pressure tube bottom; The inlet end of gas-liquid separator connects the end of outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline; The lower end outlet of gas-liquid separator connects first stop valve; Upper end outlet one by-pass line connects the 3rd stop valve; Another by-pass line connects second stop valve, and second stop valve connects vacuum pump again, and the vacuum pump tail end connects exhaust gas processing device; Reactive system is made up of reaction under high pressure tube, view window; Reaction under high pressure tube top connects with second pressure maintaining valve; The second pressure maintaining valve endpiece connects outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline; Another outlet of second pressure maintaining valve connects second safety valve, and two view windows are installed in the reaction under high pressure tube respectively and lean near barrel both sides, top, and reaction under high pressure tube top is equipped with second temperature sensor and the 4th pressure transducer; Reaction under high pressure tube bottom is equipped with the 3rd pressure transducer, and another by-pass line connects inlet heat tracing pipeline.
Data acquisition system (DAS) is by data collecting card, computing machine, and the LED cold light source, high speed camera constitutes.LED cold light source and high speed camera are individually fixed in the outside of two view windows, and high speed camera is connected with computing machine with cable, and computing machine connects data collecting card again, and each temperature sensor links to each other with data collecting card with data line with pressure transducer.The pipe temperature attitude control system is by constant temperature oven, clamper, and turning axle, angle scale constitutes.Constant temperature oven is installed in the outside of entire reaction system, the encapsulation reaction system, and turning axle is installed on the constant temperature oven tank wall, an end joint angle scale, the other end connects clamper, and the two ends clamper tightly contacts with the reaction under high pressure tube.
Architectural feature of the present invention is: be made up of the gas-liquid circulation system, reactive system, data acquisition system (DAS), pipe temperature attitude control system.The used parts of the gas-liquid circulation system are to be made up of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant high pressure tubing, use two pressure maintaining valves to come constant reaction under high pressure tube gateway pressure in the system, guarantee that simultaneously reaction under high pressure tube gas flow rate is constant controlled.Use low pressure gasholder, high pressure tank, fluid reservoir and gas-liquid separator in the system; Realized sending into the reaction under high pressure tube after the gas-liquid mixed; The mixture separation that again the reaction under high pressure tube is flowed out with the gas-liquid recycle that separates, has been practiced thrift the experiment gas-liquid; Reduced experimental cost, the protection environment.The used reaction under high pressure tube of reactive system is to be made up of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant high pressure steel; Reaction under high pressure tube barrel both sides are equipped with anti-high pressure view window; Anti-high pressure view window is to constitute with sapphire glass; Can be implemented under the high-voltage high-speed airflow, to the visual inspection of gas hydrate generation, migration and deposition.The pipe temperature attitude control system has been used clamper, turning axle and angle scale.Can make reaction under high pressure tube and ground be any angle through the adjustment angle scale, conveniently the pipeline of different attitudes simulated.
Principle of work of the present invention is: low pressure gasholder is used for the low gas of pressure store, and pressure transducer and the temperature sensor that install on its top are used to keep watch on its pressure inside temperature variation.High-pressure pump pumps into high pressure tank after with the gas boosting in the low pressure gasholder, and non-return valve prevents gas backstreaming.The pressure transducer that the high-pressure gas upper end is installed is used to keep watch on its pressure inside to be changed.Volume pump pumps into circulation line with the liquid in the fluid reservoir, mixes with gas in the pipeline, and two non-return valve prevent the backflow of gas, liquid respectively.Gas-liquid mixture flows in the reaction under high pressure tube through pressure maintaining valve, and pressure maintaining valve is used to keep reaction under high pressure tube feed pressure constant.Inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline is used to prevent that pressure maintaining valve is stifled because of throttling action causes circulation line to freeze, and the effect of safety valve is to freeze under the stifled situation occurring near the pressure maintaining valve, prevents that circulation line from damaging because of hypertonia.The pressure transducer that install pressure transducer that install on reaction under high pressure tube top and temperature sensor and bottom is used to monitor its pressure inside temperature variation; High speed camera sees through view window and observes the interaction between air-flow and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle, and the LED cold light source provides background light source for observation.Clamper, turning axle provides support for the reaction under high pressure tube, and the adjustment angle scale can make reaction under high pressure tube and ground be any angle.Constant temperature oven can make the reaction under high pressure tube remain at a certain steady temperature.Gas-liquid mixture process pressure maintaining valve from the reaction under high pressure tube flows out flows into gas-liquid separator, and pressure maintaining valve is used to keep reaction under high pressure tube outflow pressure constant.Outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline is used to prevent that pressure maintaining valve is stifled because of throttling action causes circulation line to freeze, and the effect of safety valve is to freeze under the stifled situation occurring near the pressure maintaining valve, prevents that circulation line from damaging because of hypertonia.Gas-liquid separator is used for gas-liquid separation, after the separation respectively gas-liquid inject low pressure gasholder and fluid reservoir respectively.The effect of vacuum pump is before the device operate as normal, to extract the air in the circulation line, and device is finished using, and the experimental gas in the exhaust gas processing device processing pipeline keeps clean environment.Each sensor links to each other with data collecting card through data line, and data collecting card is converted into digital signal with the simulating signal of each sensor input, imports computing machine again.The image that high speed camera is taken directly imports computing machine into the mode of digital signal.
Concrete operations step of the present invention is: before the starting outfit, the checkout facility software and hardware is errorless, opens computing machine, and the adjusting angle dish makes reaction under high pressure tube and ground elevation reach requirement of experiment.Close all valves, regulate the pressure of opening of pressure maintaining valve.To low pressure gasholder and high pressure tank injection experiments gas, make low pressure gasholder and high pressure tank reach certain pressure respectively.In fluid reservoir, inject the liquid that a certain amount of water perhaps is mixed with hydrate inhibitor.The open vacuum pump, open vacuum pump intake valve makes to reach required vacuum tightness in reaction under high pressure tube and the circulation line.Close vacuum pump and vacuum pump inlet valve, open high-pressure pump, volume pump, volume pump outlet valve and high pressure tank outlet valve, and continue to low pressure gasholder injection experiments gas to keep its internal pressure.When the circulation line internal pressure reach that pressure maintaining valve sets open pressure the time, open fluid reservoir inlet valve and low pressure gasholder inlet valve, stop to low pressure gasholder injection experiments gas.Regulate calorstat temperature, open the LED cold light source, beginning analog gas hydrate pipeline deposition.In the simulation process,, keep circulation line each point pressure stability through regulating high-pressure pump power.Computer recording experiment begins the circulation line each point pressure and temp value that each sensor measurement arrives to the concluding time section; Gather in real time the image that high speed camera observes, through the interaction between image processing software analytical gas hydrate air-flow and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle.After experiment finishes, close high-pressure pump and volume pump, gas is discharged after exhaust gas processing device is handled in the emptying fluid reservoir, low pressure gasholder, high pressure tank and circulation line.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the process that gas hydrate generates, migrates and deposit in (1) real simulation pipeline inner high voltage high velocity air; (2) directly observe interaction between air-flow and gas hydrate particle in the various angle pipelines, the gas hydrate particle; (3) realize the recycle of experiment gas-liquid, practiced thrift the experiment gas-liquid, reduced experimental cost, the protection environment; (4) the simulation process total digitalization is monitored and record, can sum up flow at high speed characteristic, migration mechanism and the deposition rule of pipeline gas solid phase; (5) can be used for the evaluation of gas hydrate inhibitor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, first temperature sensor, 2, first pressure transducer, 3, low pressure gasholder, 4, fluid reservoir, 5, high-pressure pump, 6, data collecting card; 7, first non-return valve, 8, second pressure transducer, 9, high pressure tank, 10, computing machine, 11, second non-return valve; 12, volume pump, the 13, the 3rd non-return valve, 14, first pressure maintaining valve, 15, first safety valve, 16, inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline; 17, the 3rd pressure transducer, 18, constant temperature oven, 19, the reaction under high pressure tube, 20, clamper, 21, turning axle; 22, angle scale, 23, the LED cold light source, 24, high speed camera, 25, view window, 26, second temperature sensor; 27, second safety valve, 28, second pressure maintaining valve, the 29, the 4th pressure transducer, 30, outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline, 31, first stop valve; 32, exhaust gas processing device, 33, vacuum pump, 34, gas-liquid separator, 35, second stop valve, the 36, the 3rd stop valve.
Embodiment
The device that is the gas transmission line of 5 ° of angles, pipeline internal diameter 20mm with simulation and horizontal direction is an example, in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.The pipeline displacement of its simulation is every days 20,000 10 ℃ of side, line pressure 10MPa, environment temperatures.
Consult Fig. 1.Gas hydrate conduit deposition Visual Dynamic analogue means is made up of the gas-liquid circulation system, reactive system, data acquisition system (DAS), pipe temperature attitude control system.The gas-liquid circulation system is by low pressure gasholder 3, fluid reservoir 4, and high-pressure pump 5, high pressure tank 9, volume pump 12, gas-liquid separator 34 constitutes.First temperature sensor 1 and first pressure transducer 2 are installed in low pressure gasholder 3 tops, and inlet connects the 3rd stop valve 36, and outlet connects high-pressure pump 5.The endpiece of high-pressure pump 5 is connected the inlet end of high pressure tank 9, and 9 of high-pressure pump 5 and high pressure tanks are equipped with first non-return valve 7.Second pressure transducer 8 is installed on high pressure tank 9 tops, and endpiece connects second non-return valve 11.Fluid reservoir 4 inlets connect first stop valve 31, and outlet connects volume pump 12, and volume pump 12 outlets link to each other with the 3rd non-return valve 13.Second non-return valve 11 and the 3rd non-return valve 13 pick out and join with first pressure maintaining valve 14 after pipeline converges; First pressure maintaining valve, 14 endpiece access port electrical heat tracing pipelines 16; First pressure maintaining valve, 14 porch connect first safety valve 15 in addition, and inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline 16 connects reaction under high pressure tube 19 bottoms.Reaction under high pressure tube 19 tops and second pressure maintaining valve 28 join; Second pressure maintaining valve, 28 endpiece exit electrical heat tracing pipelines 30; Second pressure maintaining valve, 28 porch connect second safety valve 27 in addition; Outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline 30 ends connect gas-liquid separator 34, and the outlet upper and lower side of gas-liquid separator 34 connects second stop valve 36, first stop valve 31 respectively, and the endpiece of gas-liquid separator 34 and 36 of second stop valves connect the 3rd stop valve 35 in addition; Connect vacuum pump 33 again, vacuum pump 33 tail ends connect exhaust gas processing device 32.Reactive system is by reaction under high pressure tube 19, and view window 25 constitutes.Two view windows 25 are installed in reaction under high pressure tube 19 respectively and lean near barrel both sides, top.Second temperature sensor 26 and the 4th pressure transducer 28 are installed in reaction under high pressure tube 19 tops, and the 3rd pressure transducer 17 is installed in the bottom.There is gas-liquid flow inlet reaction under high pressure tube 19 lower ends, join with the inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline 16 of the gas-liquid circulation system, and the upper end has gas-liquid flow outlet and outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline 30 to join.Reaction under high pressure tube 19 middle parts are held device 20 clampings.Data acquisition system (DAS) is by data collecting card 6, computing machine 10, and LED cold light source 23, high speed camera 24 constitutes.LED cold light source 23 and high speed camera 24 are individually fixed in the outside of two view windows 25, and high speed camera 24 is connected with computing machine 10 through cable, and each sensor links to each other with data collecting card 6 through data line, and data collecting card 6 is connected with computing machine 10.The pipe temperature attitude control system is by constant temperature oven 18, clamper 20, and turning axle 21, angle scale 22 constitutes.Constant temperature oven 18 is installed in the outside of entire reaction system, and encapsulation reaction system, LED cold light source 23 and high speed camera 24, turning axle 21 run through constant temperature oven 18 tank walls, an end joint angle scale 22, and clamper 20 is installed on the turning axle 21, clamping reaction under high pressure tube 19.
Before the starting outfit, the checkout facility software and hardware is errorless, opens computing machine 10, and adjusting angle dish 22 makes reaction under high pressure tube 19 and ground elevation reach requirement of experiment.Close all valves, regulate first pressure maintaining valve 14, second pressure maintaining valve 28 is opened pressure.To low pressure gasholder 3 and high pressure tank 9 injection experiments gases, make low pressure gasholder 3 and high pressure tank 9 reach certain pressure respectively.In fluid reservoir 4, inject a certain amount of deionized water.Open vacuum pump 33 is opened the 3rd stop valve 35, makes in reaction under high pressure tube 19 and the circulation line to reach required vacuum tightness.Close vacuum pump 33 and the 3rd stop valve 35, open high-pressure pump 5, volume pump 12, first non-return valve 8, second non-return valve 11, the 3rd non-return valve 13, and continue to low pressure gasholder 3 injection experiments gases to keep its internal pressure.When the circulation line internal pressure reach that first pressure maintaining valve 14, second pressure maintaining valve 28 set open pressure the time, open first stop valve 31, second stop valve 36, stop to low pressure gasholder 3 injection experiments gases.Regulate constant temperature oven 18 temperature, open LED cold light source 23, beginning analog gas hydrate pipeline deposition.In the simulation process,, keep circulation line each point pressure stability through regulating high-pressure pump 5 power.The experiment of computing machine 10 record begins the circulation line each point pressure and temp value that each sensor measurement arrives to the concluding time section; Gather in real time the image that high speed camera observes, through the interaction between image processing software analytical gas hydrate air-flow and gas hydrate particle, the gas hydrate particle.After experiment finishes, close high-pressure pump 5 and volume pump 12, emptying fluid reservoir 4, low pressure gasholder 3, high pressure tank 9 are discharged after exhaust gas processing device 32 is handled with the interior gas of circulation line.
Claims (2)
1. the gas hydrate conduit deposits the Visual Dynamic analogue means; Form by the gas-liquid circulation system, reactive system, data acquisition system (DAS), pipe temperature attitude control system; It is characterized in that: the gas-liquid circulation system is made up of low pressure gasholder (3), fluid reservoir (4), high-pressure pump (5), high pressure tank (9), volume pump (12) and gas-liquid separator (34); Low pressure gasholder (3) top is equipped with first temperature sensor (1) and first pressure transducer (2); Inlet termination the 3rd stop valve (36) of low pressure gasholder (3), outlet termination high-pressure pump (5); The endpiece of high-pressure pump (5) is connected the inlet end of high pressure tank (9), between high-pressure pump (5) and high pressure tank (9) first non-return valve (7) is installed; Second pressure transducer (8) is installed on high pressure tank (9) top, and the endpiece of high pressure tank (9) connects second non-return valve (11); The inlet end of fluid reservoir (4) connects first stop valve (31), and outlet connects volume pump (12), and the endpiece of volume pump (12) is connected with the 3rd non-return valve (13) again; Second non-return valve (11) and the 3rd non-return valve (13) pick out pipeline and converge back one by-pass line and be connected first safety valve (15); Another by-pass line connects with first pressure maintaining valve (14), and the endpiece of first pressure maintaining valve (14) connects inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline (16) again; The inlet end of gas-liquid separator (34) connects the end of outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline (30); The lower end outlet of gas-liquid separator (34) connects first stop valve (31); Upper end outlet one by-pass line connects the 3rd stop valve (36); Another by-pass line connects second stop valve (35), and second stop valve (35) connects vacuum pump (33) again, and vacuum pump (33) tail end connects exhaust gas processing device (32); Reactive system is made up of reaction under high pressure tube (19), view window (25); Reaction under high pressure tube (19) top connects with second pressure maintaining valve (28); The endpiece of second pressure maintaining valve (28) connects outlet electrical heat tracing pipeline (30); Another outlet of second pressure maintaining valve (28) connects second safety valve (27); Two view windows (25) are installed in reaction under high pressure tube (19) respectively and lean near barrel both sides, top; Reaction under high pressure tube (19) top is equipped with second temperature sensor (26) and the 4th pressure transducer (29), and the 3rd pressure transducer (17) is installed in reaction under high pressure tube (19) bottom, and another by-pass line connects inlet electrical heat tracing pipeline (16); Data acquisition system (DAS) is made up of with high speed camera (24) data collecting card (6), computing machine (10), LED cold light source (23); LED cold light source (23) and high speed camera (24) are separately fixed at the outside of two view windows (25); High speed camera (24) is connected with computing machine (10) with cable, and computing machine (10) connects data collecting card (6), temperature sensor (1 again; 26) and pressure transducer (2; 8,17,29) use data line to be connected respectively with data collecting card (6); The pipe temperature attitude control system is made up of constant temperature oven (18), clamper (20), turning axle (21), angle scale (22); Constant temperature oven (18) is installed in the outside of entire reaction system; The encapsulation reaction system; Turning axle (21) is installed on constant temperature oven (18) tank wall, and turning axle (21) one end joint angle scales (22), the other end connect clamper (20), and two ends clamper (20) tightly contacts with reaction under high pressure tube (19).
2. according to the said Visual Dynamic analogue means of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the used parts of the above-mentioned gas-liquid circulation system are that corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant high pressure tubing constitutes; The used reaction under high pressure tube of above-mentioned reactive system (19) is to be made up of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant high pressure steel, and view window (25) is to constitute with the resistance to compression sapphire glass.
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