CN102830630A - Coal bed gas multilateral well recovery control stimulation device - Google Patents
Coal bed gas multilateral well recovery control stimulation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal bed gas multilateral well recovery control stimulation device, which comprises a main pipeline and at least two branch pipelines, wherein the front end of the main pipeline is connected with an air exhaust device used for simulating recovery control; the rear end of the main pipeline is communicated with the front ends of all the branch pipelines; the rear ends of all the branch pipelines are communicated with each other and are connected with a hydraulic pressure input device and/or a gas pressure input device; the main pipeline and the branch pipelines have the same structure and are coal reservoir simulation pipelines; and a flowmeter, a pulverized coal filtering device and a coal sample container are sequentially arranged on the coal reservoir simulation pipeline from the front to the rear. The coal bed gas multilateral well recovery control simulation device is developed under the conditions that the pressure transmission change is complex during multi-branch horizontal well recovery, the water yield and the gas yield are instable and the recovery is difficult to control, and different coal structures, different hydrogeology conditions, different permeability and different reservoir pressure conditions are simulated, so that the pressure transmission radius, the water yield, the gas yield and the pulverized coal changes during recovery are found out under different conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-seam gas branch well array and adopt the control analogue means.
Background technology
China's coal bed gas resource is very abundant; The latest round of (2009) National Oil Gas Resources evaluation result shows; 2000 meters of present Chinese buried depths are with shallow coal-seam gas geological resource amount 36.81 tcms, can adopt stock number 10.9 tcms with shallow coal-seam gas for 1500 meters.The coal bed gas resource amount is considerably beyond the U.S., but the actual at present methane output of utilizing is very little, and its main cause has two aspects: the one, and China's coal seam great majority are low hole, hypotonic, low pressure, low fluid seepage flow kinetic energy; The 2nd, the seriation experimental study dynamics of carrying out different development technique is not enough, causes the Development Engineering technology never to break through.
Perpendicular hole and horizontal well are the main well types of two kinds of present ground cbm development.Coal-seam gas perpendicular hole drilling technique is simple; Technology maturation; For China most hyposmosis coal seam, conventional straight well development technique is not broken away from the limitation of " point " forever, designs drilling and well completion scheme and reservoir reconstruction measure with limited pit shaft coverage usually.In fact the output of coal-seam gas more will be considered the influence of " face ", take all factors into consideration the interaction influence of the microfissure regularity of distribution, reservoir stress field, fluid seepage flow aerodynamic field in the whole gas reservoir scope.Multi-branched horizontal well utilizes the quick drainage and step-down of area to come the extensive output that improves just, compares the straight well fracturing technique, has certain advantage.
After the horizontal segment drilling well of present multi-branched horizontal well, generally do not take any safeguard procedures (such as screen casing down etc.), because of cracks in coal seam is relatively grown, elastic modulus is lower, and it is very unstable to cause drilling well to finish the well of back horizontal segment, is easy to cave in.Adopting equipment when the row of being lowered to arranges when adopting; The feed flow area of multi-branched horizontal well is relatively big; And the coal seam is the stronger reservoir of non-homogeneous matter, and because number of branches is many, pressure transmits the Changing Pattern more complicated; Cause the outflow of water in each branch to be difficult to prediction, increased and arranged the difficulty of adopting control.To adopt working system control improper if row adopts time row, is easy to cause the water of outflow erratic, causes moving of coal dust in the coal seam reservoirs, causes permeability plugging, influences the gas production rate in later stage; Behind the coal bed gas well aerogenesis, pressure transmits the disunity of radius, the difference of desorb radius in each branch; The difference that causes gas production rate in its branch, improper if row adopts working system, possibly cause that gas production rate is suddenly big or suddenly small; Cause moving of coal dust; The coal seam reservoirs changes in permeability, some injury or even fatal, aerogenesis or aerogenesis be not seldom possibly to cause the later stage.How transmitting the difference of the difference, coal body structure etc. of radius, desorb radius to different hydrogeological conditions, pressure, formulate relatively reasonably that row adopts working system, is to keep reservoir permeability preferably, improves the key of Multilateral Wells gas production rate.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be directed against multi-branched horizontal well and arrange pressure transmission variation complicacy when adopting; Water production rate, gas production rate are suddenly big or suddenly small; Row adopts unmanageable prerequisite; Develop a kind of coal-seam gas branch well array and adopt the control analogue means, simulate different coal body structures, different hydrogeological condition, different permeability, different reservoir pressure condition, so as to find out under the different reservoir geologic condition situation, different row adopts under the working system, pressure transmitted the variation of radius, water production rate, gas production rate, coal dust etc. when row adopted; Draw row relatively reasonable under the different situations and adopt working system; Reduce injury as far as possible, prolong the aerogenesis peak of coal-seam gas Multilateral Wells, theoretical direction is provided for improving the multi-branched horizontal well gas production rate to reservoir.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of coal-seam gas branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; Comprise main line and at least two branch lines; The rear end of main line connects the front end of all branch lines; The rear end of all branch lines is communicated with the back and connects hydraulic pressure input media and/or air pressure input media, and the identical coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline that is with the branch line structure of main line is provided with flowmeter, coal powder filter and coal sample container on the coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline from front to back successively.
Said coal sample container connects the confined pressure pump through pipe, and pipe is provided with tensimeter, and the confined pressure pump is to be used in the coal sample container, increasing the air pump of air pressure with the suffered confined pressure of simulation coal seam reservoirs.
Coal powder filter comprises the filtering container that has import and export, establishes filter screen in the filtering container, and filter screen is divided into two chambers with filtering container, and the import and export of filtering container lays respectively at the both sides of filter screen.
Said hydraulic pressure input media is the hydraulic pressure intake line, is provided with pressure transducer, PID variable valve, switch valve, waterflood pump and water tank on the hydraulic pressure intake line from front to back successively.
The front end of main line connects and is used to the air extractor that control is adopted by the row of simulation.
Said air pressure input media is the air pressure intake line, is provided with pressure transducer, air compressor, PID variable valve, reduction valve, switch valve and gas cylinder on the air pressure intake line from front to back successively.
All flowmeters, tensimeter and pressure transducer all connect computer data acquisition system.
The front end of said main line connects the cylinder of bleeding through check valve, and the cylinder of bleeding connects air extractor again, and the sidewall of the cylinder of bleeding also is communicated with air bag and collection bottle respectively through two connecting pipes respectively, also is equipped with flowmeter on the connecting pipe.
Said air extractor is the plunger type air extractor, and it comprises the plunger and the propulsion system that are connected plunger that is slidingly connected in the cylinder of bleeding, and said coal sample container is the gum cover pipe.
It is CO that gases at high pressure are set in the said gas cylinder
2Perhaps N
2Perhaps He or methane gas.
Coal-seam gas of the present invention branch well array is adopted the control analogue means and had following beneficial effect: all branch lines converge to together and connect with main line; And main line and branch line are coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline, have so just formed whole Multilateral Wells coal seam reservoirs simulation system.The air pressure of reservoir Free Gas and the tolerance of simulation output when wherein, the air pressure input media is mainly adopted in order to simulation row; The pressure of the water when hydraulic pressure input media simulation row adopts in the reservoir and the flow of water.Coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline is mainly used in the coal and the residing stress state of coal of the different cranny development degree of simulation.Air extractor mainly is that simulation row adopts control, and the pressure when simulation row is adopted changes, and is that the front and back of main line and branch line produce pressure reduction, releases the gentle physical efficiency of the water in the coal sample, and then controls air pressure, hydraulic pressure, airshed, discharge.Computer data acquisition system is mainly used in and shows the data of gathering on computers.
To sum up, advantage of the present invention is: (1) the present invention can adopt stage, different number of branches, different confined pressure, different row different coal body deformation behaviours, different row and adopt intensity counterdie quasi-component well array and adopt each variations of physical parameters rule in the process.
(2) the present invention can be the different coal body deformation behaviours of coal-seam gas Multilateral Wells, different row adopts the formulation that reasonable row adopts working system under stage, different number of branches, the different confined pressure provides theoretical direction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of filter screen.
Embodiment
Adopt the control analogue means by illustrated in figures 1 and 2 a kind of coal-seam gas branch well array, comprise main line 9 and three branch lines 29.
The front end of main line 9 connects and is used to the air extractor that control is adopted by the row of simulation; And for the front end of main line 9 connects the cylinder 21 of bleeding earlier through check valve 18; The cylinder 21 of bleeding connects air extractor again; The sidewall of cylinder 21 of bleeding also is communicated with air bag 27 and collection bottle 28 respectively through two connecting pipes respectively, is equipped with flowmeter 16A on the connecting pipe.Said air extractor is the plunger type air extractor, and the plunger type air extractor comprises the plunger and the propulsion system that are connected plunger that is slidingly connected in the cylinder 21 of bleeding, and said propulsion system are motor 26; The output shaft of motor 26 drives a rotating shaft 23 through belt driver 24; Rotating shaft 23 drives plunger rod 20 through a slider-crank mechanism 22 and moves up and down, and the bottom of plunger rod 20 is provided with slide block 19, and the outer wall of slide block 19 fits with the inwall of the cylinder 21 of bleeding; Like this; When rotating shaft 23 is rotated, can drive plunger rod 20 and in the cylinder 21 of bleeding, slide up and down, bleed.The output shaft of motor 26 is provided with speed pickup 25.Certainly; The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned form; The also available pneumatic cylinder of propulsion system or hydraulic cylinder replace or directly manually promote up and down also can, can realize driving plunger rod 20 move up and down all can, and air extractor also can directly be used with the aspiration pump replacement that is connected cylinder 21 connections of bleeding and also can.
Air extractor has constituted row and has adopted the control simulation system, and row adopts the control simulation system and will discharge through the G&W in the coal sample 10 of coal seam reservoirs simulation system main line 9, branch line 29, and certain pressure value is provided for the front part of main line 9 and branch line 29.Wherein motor 26 rotating speeds can be adjusted according to the experiment demand, are the continuity that sampling device system pressure drop in the process is adopted by the row of assurance, the special check valve 18 of before main line 9, installing.
The rear end of main line 9 connects the front end of all branch lines 29, and inserts the rear end of main line 9 again after the front end connection earlier for all branch lines 29.The rear end of all branch lines 29 connects hydraulic pressure input media and air pressure input media after being communicated with earlier more simultaneously, and hydraulic pressure input media and air pressure input media are used for to necessary air pressure and the hydraulic pressure of each branch line 29 inputs.Said hydraulic pressure input media is a hydraulic pressure intake line 30, is provided with pressure transducer 8, PID variable valve 6, switch valve 3, waterflood pump 5 and water tank 1 on the high pressure line of hydraulic pressure intake line 30 from front to back successively, and water tank 1 is 3m * 3m * 2m.Said air pressure input media is an air pressure intake line 31; Be provided with pressure transducer 8, air compressor 7, PID variable valve 6, reduction valve 4, switch valve 3 and gas cylinder 2 on the pipeline of air pressure intake line 31 from front to back successively, the gases at high pressure that are provided with in the gas cylinder 2 are CO
2, perhaps N
2Perhaps He or methane gas.
Air pressure input media and hydraulic pressure input media constitute control pressurer system; Through stream oriented device when mainly the row of simulation adopts different rows adopt stage output object and the row pressure when adopting and change, can realize that single water, single gas phase or gas, water mix mobile under different pressures.The water tank 1 of hydraulic pressure input media is mainly used in storage of water; Waterflood pump 5 is used for the water in the water tank 1 is injected the coal seam reservoirs simulation system, and certain hydraulic pressure value (the highest hydraulic pressure can be set according to the experiment needs) is provided, and what the PID variable valve 6 of hydraulic pressure input media was mainly realized is to regulate pressure reduction; Being air extractor provides a level pressure value to the front side of main line 9 and branch line 29; Air pressure input media and hydraulic pressure input media provide certain pressure to the rear side of main line 9 and branch line 29, after the both sides pressure differential reaches certain value, and the PID valve open; Let water pass through; Pressure difference can freely be set as the case may be, and pressure reduction can not wait from 0.1MPa～10MPa, and the PID valve can satisfy the pressure below the 10MPa.The effect of the switch valve 3 of hydraulic pressure input media mainly is that control hydraulic pressure intake line 30 is in unlatching or closed condition, through PID variable valve 6 and switch valve 3, realizes flowing of single water, and water flows under the different pressure reduction.Write down flowing of water through water ga(u)ge 16 simultaneously, and be delivered on the computing machine in real time.
The gas cylinder 2 of Pneumatic controller is connected with air compressor, provides experiment required air pressure.When the pressure in the gas cylinder 2 can satisfy when experiment, then do not need the air compressor operation, when pressure can not satisfy experiment, then through air compressor so that provide experiment required pressure, reach the purpose of the air pressure in the simulation reservoir.The PID variable valve 6 of Pneumatic controller, switch valve 3 and airshed meter 16 are similar with the effect of water pressure control system, repeat no more at this.
The identical coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline that is with branch line 29 structures of main line 9 is provided with flowmeter 16, switch valve 3A, coal powder filter 14, switch valve 3B, coal sample container 11 and switch valve 3C on the coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline from front to back successively.Said coal sample container 11 is the gum cover pipe; Appearance 10 is coaling in the gum cover pipe; The two-port of gum cover pipe inserts coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline respectively; The sidewall of coal sample container 11 connects confined pressure pump 13 through pipe, and pipe is provided with tensimeter 12, and confined pressure pump 13 increases the air pump of air pressure with the suffered confined pressure of simulation coal seam reservoirs for being used in coal sample container 11.Said coal powder filter 14 comprises the filtering container of the airtight setting that has import and export; Filtering container is processed by transparent tempered glass; Filtering container also is connected on the coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline through its import and export, establishes filter screen 15 in the filtering container, and filter screen 15 is divided into two chambers with filtering container; The import and export of filtering container lays respectively at the both sides of filter screen 15, and promptly the import and export of filtering container lays respectively on the filtering container wall of two chambers.
Main line 9 constitutes the coal seam reservoirs simulation system with branch line 29; The coal seam reservoirs simulation system mainly is used for simulating the coal of different cranny development degree, the hole structure and the residing stress state of coal of multi-branched horizontal well horizontal segment, adopts the working system result so that draw with actual more close row.Three road coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline constitutes three branch lines each branch in order to the simulation Multilateral Wells; And numbers of branches can be carried out additions and deletions according to actual conditions; Three road coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline adopts the mode of parallel connection to connect; Operation valve through separately both can be realized one road gas, water flows, also can realize multichannel gas, water flows, was used for simulating different gas, the water adopted under stage, the different pressures transmission arranged and changed infiltrative influence.Collect the coal dust of output in the coal seam reservoirs analogue means through coal powder filter 14, the transparent tempered glass that adopts in the coal powder filter 14, the variation of ability Real Time Observation coal dust amount; Three road coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline converges to together again, and pipeline---main line 9 is connected with another coal seam reservoirs simulation, forms whole coal seam reservoirs simulation system.In three road coal seam reservoirs analogue means; Can adorn with a kind of coal body structure, deformation extent, the roughly similar coal of cranny development degree; Also can adorn different coal body structures, the cranny development degree differs bigger coal; Coal sample 10 usefulness gum cover pipes closely wrap up, and confined pressure pump 13 mainly is that the coal sample 10 in the gum cover pipe provides the different air pressure confined pressure so that simulation coal sample 10 receives, and simulates the suffered stress intensity of coal seam reservoirs.
All flowmeters 16,16A, tensimeter 12 and pressure transducer 8, speed pickup 25 all connect computer data acquisition system 17; Flowmeter 16, tensimeter 12, pressure transducer 8, speed pickup 25 and computer data acquisition system 17 composition datas are gathered display system, mainly are hydraulic pressure and the air pressure that provides in the pressure system, the air water flow of flowing through each a branch's sampling device and a main sampling device, row to be adopted total water production rate and data such as gas production rate, motor 26 rotating speeds read and record through computing machine automatically in the process.Reading automatically of hydraulic pressure that wherein provides in the pressure system and air pressure is to be connected with computing machine through pressure transducer 8, and reading automatically of engine speed then is to be connected with computing machine through the speed pickup on the output shaft 25 to realize.
Certainly, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned form, hydraulic pressure input media and air pressure input media can be provided with as required arbitrary also can, and the quantity of branch line 29 also can be provided with two or more according to actual conditions.And the gases at high pressure that are provided with in the gas cylinder 2 also can be N2 or He or methane gas, when using high pressure gas gas, should take care.
Coal-seam gas of the present invention branch well array is adopted the control analogue means, and the concrete operations step is following:
(1) coal sample 10 preparations
According to requirement of experiment samples of coal pulled 10, both can process the right cylinder coal sample 10 of Φ 50cm * 50 cm, also can not prepare coal sample 10, directly coal cinder is put into the gum cover pipe.
(2) airtight test
According to arrangement for connecting system synoptic diagram connecting line, and in system, inject little of gas, the impermeability of testing fixture.
(3) branch's sampling device number is selected
Can select 2 branch line 29 parallel connections, 3 branch line 29 parallel connections, 4 a plurality of branch lines 29 such as branch line 29 parallel connections to carry out simulated experiment respectively according to the experiment demand.
(4) threshold values of PID variable valve 6 is set
According to requirement of experiment, the threshold values of PID variable valve 6 is set, promptly when pressure reduction surpassed this value, the PID valve was opened automatically.
(5) confined pressure is set
Required according to experiment, be set to predetermined pressure to the confined pressure of confined pressure pump 13.
(6) pressurization experiment
The different rows of multiple-limb pipeline 29 simulation multilateral wells adopt stage variations of physical parameters characteristic experiment and can realize through the valve of control water tank 1 and gas cylinder 2.In the saturation water single-phase flow stage, can utilize waterflood pump 5 that certain hydraulic pressure is provided only with the valve open of water tank 1; In the unsaturated water single-phase flow stage, providing on the basis of certain hydraulic pressure trace to open gas cylinder 2 valves; The air-water two-phase flow stage provides hydraulic pressure and air pressure simultaneously, along with the experiment carrying out can be suitable the hydraulic pressure that reduction provided.
(7) row adopts speed selection
(8) arrange the collection of adopting the process coal dust
When select different rows adopt stage, different number of branches, different confined pressure, when different row's speed of adopting experimentizes; Should first disable motor 26; Suspend experiment; Open the coal powder filter 14 of main line 9 and each branch line 29, coal dust is collected respectively, dried and weighs, weighing results is carried out record.When opening coal powder filter 14, must fasten its former and later two switch valve 3A, 3B, to guarantee the impermeability of total system.
(9) data processing
The various data of collecting according to computer data acquisition system 17; Coal sample 10 permeabilities to the main line under the different condition 9 and each branch line 29 are calculated, and make different rows on this basis and adopt under stage, different number of branches, the different confined pressure parameters such as gas production rate, water production rate, coal dust amount, permeability and adopt the graph of a relation of speed with row.
(10) coupling analysis
The different rows of coupling analysis adopt that row adopts speed and gas production rate, water production rate, producing coal powder amount, the isoparametric relation of coal sample 10 perviousness under stage, different number of branches, the different confined pressure, draw the different rows of Multilateral Wells and adopt and the most reasonably arrange the speed of adopting under stage, different number of branches, the different confined pressure.
Claims (10)
1. a coal-seam gas branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: comprise main line and at least two branch lines; The rear end of main line connects the front end of all branch lines; The rear end of all branch lines is communicated with the back and connects hydraulic pressure input media and/or air pressure input media, and the identical coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline that is with the branch line structure of main line is provided with flowmeter, coal powder filter and coal sample container on the coal seam reservoirs simulation pipeline from front to back successively.
2. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 1 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: said coal sample container connects the confined pressure pump through pipe; Pipe is provided with tensimeter, and the confined pressure pump is to be used in the coal sample container, increasing the air pump of air pressure with the suffered confined pressure of simulation coal seam reservoirs.
3. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 2 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: coal powder filter comprises the filtering container that has import and export; Establish filter screen in the filtering container; Filter screen is divided into two chambers with filtering container, and the import and export of filtering container lays respectively at the both sides of filter screen.
4. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 3 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: said hydraulic pressure input media is the hydraulic pressure intake line, is provided with pressure transducer, PID variable valve, switch valve, waterflood pump and water tank on the hydraulic pressure intake line from front to back successively.
5. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 4 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: said air pressure input media is the air pressure intake line, is provided with pressure transducer, air compressor, PID variable valve, reduction valve, switch valve and gas cylinder on the air pressure intake line from front to back successively.
6. adopt the control analogue means like each described coal-seam gas branch well array of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the front end of main line connects and is used to the air extractor that control is adopted by the row of simulation.
7. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 6 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means, and it is characterized in that: all flowmeters, tensimeter and pressure transducer all connect computer data acquisition system.
8. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 7 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: the front end of said main line connects the cylinder of bleeding through check valve; The cylinder of bleeding connects air extractor again; The sidewall of cylinder of bleeding also is communicated with air bag and collection bottle respectively through two connecting pipes respectively, also is equipped with flowmeter on the connecting pipe.
9. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 8 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means; It is characterized in that: said air extractor is the plunger type air extractor; It comprises the plunger and the propulsion system that are connected plunger that is slidingly connected in the cylinder of bleeding, and said coal sample container is the gum cover pipe.
10. coal-seam gas as claimed in claim 9 branch well array is adopted the control analogue means, and it is characterized in that: it is CO that gases at high pressure are set in the said gas cylinder
2Perhaps N
2Perhaps He or methane gas.
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