CN110273679A - A kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device - Google Patents

A kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110273679A
CN110273679A CN201910414600.5A CN201910414600A CN110273679A CN 110273679 A CN110273679 A CN 110273679A CN 201910414600 A CN201910414600 A CN 201910414600A CN 110273679 A CN110273679 A CN 110273679A
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China
Prior art keywords
kettle
imitating
pressure chamber
partition
hydrate
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CN201910414600.5A
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CN110273679B (en
Inventor
王彩鹏
许小林
吴建
何小兵
刘永根
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Jiangsu Joint Scientific Research Instrument Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Joint Scientific Research Instrument Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0099Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/14Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of hydrates to develop layering physical simulation experiment device, including a Pressure chamber, there is a test cavity in the Pressure chamber, there is an exploitation mouth being connected with test cavity on the top of Pressure chamber, insert port protrudes into the exploitation pipe in test cavity in exploitation mouth;One is placed in the simulated assembly in Pressure chamber, the simulated assembly includes a pair of mutually matched upper simulation kettle, Imitating kettle, Imitating kettle is driven in and out upper simulation kettle by an elevating mechanism, the cavity of upper simulation kettle is divided into in upper simulation kettle with one the partition of the cap rock, hydrate layer that are distributed up and down, is gas-bearing formation in Imitating kettle;One blocks the barrier components for simulating kettle and Imitating kettle.The present invention has the advantages that using the design of Pressure chamber, so as to solve plane SH wave object and form the problem that the hydrate time is slow, and water gravity keeps hydrate layering difficult removing partition in the case where constant pressure constant temperature after forming hydrate.

Description

A kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrate development field, in particular to a kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device.
Background technique
Gas hydrates are also known as " combustible ice ", are distributed across in the permafrost of halmeic deposit or land-based area, by natural The crystalline material for the class ice-like that gas and water are formed under the conditions of high pressure low temperature.Because of its appearance as ice and also meet fire it is i.e. flammable It burns, so also referred to as " combustible ice ".Its Resource Density is high, and distribution on global is extensive, has high resource value, thus becomes Oil and gas industry circle studies for a long period of time hot spot.From the sixties in last century, using the U.S., Japan, Germany, China, South Korea, India as representative Some countries all worked out natural gas hydrate exploration developmental research plan.So far, people are in offshore sea waters and permafrost region It was found that hydrate mine point is more than to emerge large quantities of gas hydrates hot research area at 230.
On the basis of looking back the definition of the Unconventional gas such as tight gas, shale gas, coal bed gas hiding, it is hydrated based on natural gas The feature of object hiding, it is believed that gas hydrates refer to is suitable for the gas migrations such as a certain amount of methane to temperature and pressure Stratum, and natural gas hydrate resources of the preservation in stratum/unconsolidated sediment and its have direct correlation therewith in solid form Gas accumulation.Therefore, it when development natural gas hydrate resources are reconnoitred with evaluation, should find out under gas hydrates layer Portion's free gas situation, " two floor formula of solid-gas " gas hydrates there are free gas-bearing formation are current advantageous gas waters It closes object and develops target body.
It includes I class, II class and Group III that hydrate, which hides form that may be present, and layering physical analogy is research different type The important means of hydrate hiding withdrawal mechanism;Even same type of hydrate hiding, layering physical model also can be more realistically Reaction hydrate hides that decomposing level on vertical, stratum be thermally conductive and flow characteristics.Therefore, hydrate exploitation layering physics mould is developed Draft experiment device, the production performance analysis that can be hidden for different type hydrate and the numerical simulation study in later period provide data branch It holds.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of hydrates to develop layering physical simulation experiment device, can solve Certainly plane SH wave object forms the problem that the hydrate time is slow, and water gravity keeps hydrate layering difficult.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment Device, innovative point are: including
One Pressure chamber, the Pressure chamber is interior to have a test cavity, has one to be connected with test cavity on the top of Pressure chamber Exploitation mouth, exploitation mouth in insert port protrude into test cavity in exploitation pipe;
One is placed in the simulated assembly in Pressure chamber, and the simulated assembly includes a pair of mutually matched upper simulation kettle, Imitating kettle, Wherein, upper simulation kettle is the hollow cylinder structure by a both ends open and is placed in the upper cover of tube structure upper end and is collectively formed down The hollow box body structure of end opening, Imitating kettle is the hollow box body structure of a upper end opening, and Imitating kettle is by an elevator Structure is driven in and out simulation kettle, and the cavity of upper simulation kettle is divided into the cap rock being distributed up and down, water with one in upper simulation kettle The partition of nitride layer is closed, is gas-bearing formation in Imitating kettle;
One blocks the barrier components for simulating kettle and Imitating kettle, and the barrier components include a partition, and the partition is by a level It simulates between kettle and Imitating kettle in driving mechanism driving insertion or is detached from between upper simulation kettle and Imitating kettle.
Further, the Pressure chamber includes the hollow bucket body structure of a both ends open, in the two sides up and down of bucket body structure It is connected separately with a upper cover, a lower head, the upper cover, lower head are bolted between bucket body structure solid Through-hole that is fixed, holding exploitation mouth installation with one on upper cover, exploitation mouth shape in T shape are embedded in upper cover in exploitation mouth On through-hole after fixed by bolt and upper cover, being located at partition in the side of bucket body structure also has an appearance outwardly protruded The convex block of partition horizontal anomalous movement has in convex block and holds the movable cavity of partition.
Further, the elevating mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder for being mounted on Pressure chamber bottom end, the hydraulic lifting The piston rod of cylinder stretches to inside Pressure chamber from the bottom end of Pressure chamber and is connected with the bottom end of Imitating kettle, and drives Imitating Kettle carries out oscilaltion.
Further, horizontal drive mechanism are as follows: the partition has by a partition tray support in the upper end of partition pallet The groove for having an appearance partition to be embedded in, the partition pallet are driven and by a hydraulic cylinder that moves left and right with dynamic dividing plate progress left and right horizontal It is mobile.
Further, the two sides in Pressure chamber positioned at partition pallet also have a pair of of guide rod, while in partition pallet Two sides be also equipped with a pair of of guide sleeve, the guide sleeve suit on the guide bar, and with dynamic dividing plate pallet along guide rod Extending direction is horizontally moved.
Further, it is located in the Pressure chamber below Imitating kettle and is additionally provided with a positioning mechanism, the localization machine Structure includes a pair of hydraulic positioner for being set to Imitating bottom end two sides.
Further, the outer wall of Imitating kettle upper end is additionally provided with sealing ring, is also equipped in the outer wall of upper cover close Seal.
The present invention has the advantages that in the present invention, using the design of Pressure chamber, so as to after forming hydrate in perseverance Pressure constant temperature in the case where partition is removed, solve plane SH wave object formed the hydrate time it is slow, water gravity makes hydrate It is layered difficult problem.
Due to having used pressure chamber structure, forms in one and simulate kettle, since the purpose of Pressure chamber is tracking balance mould The pressure of quasi- kettle, so the wall very book of simulation kettle, upper and lower covers do not need to fix yet, but have sealing, and such upper cover is formed one A moveable piston, in interior shrink deposition, upper cover can press down automatically, and the volume of contraction is fallen in filling, solve to be formed Shrink deposition problem on deformation after hydrate.
Setting for guide rod and guide sleeve is then to be oriented to when partition pallet is horizontally moved to it, keeps away Exempt from the phenomenon that sideslip occur.
Due to having used pressure chamber structure, forms in one and simulate kettle, since the purpose of Pressure chamber is tracking balance mould The pressure of quasi- kettle, so the wall very book of simulation kettle, and can be passed in Pressure chamber with the temperature of the cooling entire Pressure chamber fluid of coil pipe Leading the deposit time also shortens, and solves since diameter is big, and simulated pressure is high and to lead to simulate kettle wall thickness too thick, leads to outside Water leg or freezer refrigerating be transmitted to the time too long problem of deposit.
Interior simulation kettle structure operation is convenient, and all pin configurations are easy to process, unlike being added with previous high pressure simulation kettle Work is difficult, and operation is heavy, solves all temperature fields, and the sense leads extraction of pressure field and resistivity imaging is troublesome in poeration Problem.
Since interior simulation kettle is designed without the concern for pressure-resistant problem, so its very light in weight, it can also be with segment design, also It can be segmented outside and fill in sand, then lift up into Pressure chamber, connection line experiment is solved big directly inconvenient through back-up sand and is compacted Inconvenient problem.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is cut-away diagram inside hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the front view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the working state schematic representation of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the top view of Fig. 7.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can make professional and technical personnel that the present invention be more fully understood, but therefore not send out this It is bright to be limited among the embodiment described range.
A kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device as shown in figs. 1-9, including
One Pressure chamber 1 has a test cavity 11 in Pressure chamber 1, has one and test 11 phase of cavity on the top of Pressure chamber 1 The exploitation mouth 12 of connection, insert port protrudes into the exploitation pipe 13 in test cavity 11 in exploitation mouth 12.
Pressure chamber 1 includes the hollow bucket body structure 14 of a both ends open, is separately connected in the two sides up and down of bucket body structure 14 There are a upper cover 15, a lower head 16, fixation is bolted between bucket body structure 14 in upper cover 15, lower head 16, Hold the through-hole that exploitation mouth 12 is installed with one on upper cover 15, exploit the shape in T shape of mouth 12, is embedded in upper cover in exploitation mouth 12 It is fixed by bolt and upper cover 15 after through-hole on 15.
One is placed in the simulated assembly in Pressure chamber 1, and simulated assembly includes a pair of mutually matched upper simulation kettle, Imitating Kettle, wherein above simulate kettle and be the hollow cylinder structure 21 by a both ends open and be placed in the upper cover 22 of 21 upper end of tube structure and be total to With the hollow box body structure of the lower ending opening formed, the two sides of tube structure 21 are connected by connecting rod with the inner wall of Pressure chamber 1, Imitating kettle 23 is the hollow box body structure of a upper end opening, and the outer wall in 23 upper end of Imitating kettle is additionally provided with sealing ring, should The outer wall of sealing ring is bonded the inner wall of tube structure 21 when Imitating kettle 23 is moved in upper simulation kettle, in the outer wall of upper cover 22 It is also equipped with sealing ring, the inner wall of the outer wall fitting tube structure 21 of the sealing ring.
Imitating kettle 23 is driven in and out upper simulation kettle by an elevating mechanism, with one by upper simulation kettle in upper simulation kettle Cavity is divided into the partition 27 of the cap rock 24, hydrate layer 25 that are distributed up and down, is gas-bearing formation 26 in Imitating kettle 23.
Elevating mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder 27 for being mounted on 1 bottom end of Pressure chamber, which is fixed on down The bottom end of end socket 16, the piston rod of hydraulic lifting cylinder 27 stretch to pressure after passing through from the lower head 16 of 1 bottom end of Pressure chamber again 1 inside of storehouse is simultaneously connected with the bottom end of Imitating kettle 23, and Imitating kettle 23 is driven to carry out oscilaltion.
Lower section in Pressure chamber 1 positioned at Imitating kettle 23 is additionally provided with a positioning mechanism, and positioning mechanism is set including a pair It is placed in the hydraulic positioner 28 of 23 bottom end two sides of Imitating kettle, in the present embodiment, hydraulic positioner 28 uses positioning hydraulic cylinders, fixed Position hydraulic cylinder is fixed on lower head 16, and the piston rod of positioning hydraulic cylinders stretches in Pressure chamber 1 after passing through from lower head 16, In the through-hole that the piston rod that the two sides of Imitating kettle 23 are respectively provided with an appearance positioning hydraulic cylinders passes through, pass through hydraulic positioner 28 Setting avoids it from the phenomenon that sideslip occur to can carry out guide and limit to it when Imitating kettle 23 carries out oscilaltion.
One block on simulate kettle and Imitating kettle 23 barrier components, barrier components include a partition 31, the partition 31 by It simulates between kettle and Imitating kettle 23 in the driving insertion of one horizontal drive mechanism or is taken off between upper simulation kettle and Imitating kettle 23 From.Design for partition 31, firstly, partition 31 can be located at Imitating during progress back-up sand is compacted to form hydrate Between kettle 23 and upper simulation kettle, so that being spaced apart Imitating kettle 23 and upper simulation kettle, to form cap rock 24, hydrate to facilitate Layer 25 and gas-bearing formation 26, as shown in fig. 7, can be removed partition 31, while Imitating kettle when carrying out decompression exploitation hydrate 23 can push uplink by hydraulic lifting cylinder 27, so that simulating in kettle in the upper end insertion of Imitating kettle 23, as shown in figure 8, at this time Exploitation pipe 13 is stretched at gas-bearing formation 26 and is exploited, and this mode for protruding into the exploitation of gas-bearing formation 26, and the energy that can make is more It is more.
Horizontal drive mechanism are as follows: partition 31 is supported by a partition pallet 32, has one to hold in the upper end of partition pallet 32 The groove that partition 31 is placed, partition pallet 32 are driven and by a hydraulic cylinder 33 that moves left and right with the progress left and right horizontal shifting of dynamic dividing plate 31 It is dynamic, the hydraulic side for moving left and right cylinder 33 and being fixed on Pressure chamber 1.
Being located at partition 31 in the side of bucket body structure 14 also has the convex of appearance 31 horizontal anomalous movement of partition outwardly protruded Block 34 has in convex block 34 and holds the movable cavity of partition 31.Design for convex block 34, after cooperating in this way with Pressure chamber 1, just Without because partition 31 needs to move horizontally and the whole volume for increasing Pressure chamber 1.
Two sides in Pressure chamber 1 positioned at partition pallet 32 also have a pair of of guide rod 35, while in partition pallet 32 Two sides are also equipped with a pair of of guide sleeve 36, and guide sleeve 36 is sleeved on guide rod 35, and with dynamic dividing plate pallet 32 along guide rod 35 extending direction is horizontally moved.Setting for guide rod 35 and guide sleeve 36 is then to carry out water in partition pallet 32 The phenomenon that translation is oriented to it, avoids the occurrence of sideslip when dynamic.
Experimental provision in the present invention uses the design of Pressure chamber 1, so as to after forming hydrate in constant pressure constant temperature In the case where partition 31 is removed, solve plane SH wave object formed the hydrate time it is slow, water gravity is layered hydrate Difficult problem.
Due to having used 1 structure of Pressure chamber, forms in one and simulate kettle, since the purpose of Pressure chamber 1 is tracking balance Simulate the pressure of kettle, so the wall very book of interior simulation kettle, upper and lower covers do not need to fix yet, i.e., upper cover 22 and tube structure 22 it Between, between Imitating kettle 23 and tube structure 22 do not need to fix, but have sealing, such upper cover 22 be formed one it is removable Dynamic piston, in interior shrink deposition, upper cover 22 can press down automatically, and the volume of contraction is fallen in filling, solve to form hydration Shrink deposition problem on deformation after object.
Due to having used 1 structure of Pressure chamber, forms in one and simulate kettle, since the purpose of Pressure chamber is tracking balance mould The pressure of quasi- kettle, simulates the wall very book of kettle, and can be with the temperature of cooling entire 1 fluid of Pressure chamber of coil pipe in Pressure chamber, conduction It also shortens, is solved since diameter is big to the deposit time, simulated pressure is high and causes simulation kettle wall thickness too thick, leads to outside Water leg or freezer refrigerating are transmitted to the time too long problem of deposit.
Interior simulation kettle structure operation is convenient, and all pin configurations are easy to process, unlike being added with previous high pressure simulation kettle Work is difficult, and operation is heavy, solves all temperature fields, and the sense leads extraction of pressure field and resistivity imaging is troublesome in poeration Problem.
Since interior simulation kettle is designed without the concern for pressure-resistant problem, so its very light in weight, it can also be with segment design, also It can be segmented outside and fill in sand, then lift up into Pressure chamber, connection line experiment is solved big directly inconvenient through back-up sand and is compacted Inconvenient problem.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, above-described embodiment and explanation It is merely illustrated the principles of the invention described in book, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has Various changes and modifications, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention It is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device, it is characterised in that: including
One Pressure chamber, the Pressure chamber is interior to have a test cavity, has one to be connected with test cavity on the top of Pressure chamber Exploitation mouth, exploitation mouth in insert port protrude into test cavity in exploitation pipe;
One is placed in the simulated assembly in Pressure chamber, and the simulated assembly includes a pair of mutually matched upper simulation kettle, Imitating kettle, Wherein, upper simulation kettle is the hollow cylinder structure by a both ends open and is placed in the upper cover of tube structure upper end and is collectively formed down The hollow box body structure of end opening, Imitating kettle is the hollow box body structure of a upper end opening, and Imitating kettle is by an elevator Structure is driven in and out simulation kettle, and the cavity of upper simulation kettle is divided into the cap rock being distributed up and down, water with one in upper simulation kettle The partition of nitride layer is closed, is gas-bearing formation in Imitating kettle;
One blocks the barrier components for simulating kettle and Imitating kettle, and the barrier components include a partition, and the partition is by a level It simulates between kettle and Imitating kettle in driving mechanism driving insertion or is detached from between upper simulation kettle and Imitating kettle.
2. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Pressure chamber Hollow bucket body structure including a both ends open is connected separately with a upper cover, a lower head in the two sides up and down of bucket body structure, Fixation is bolted in the upper cover, lower head between bucket body structure, has one to hold exploitation mouth peace on upper cover The through-hole of dress, exploitation mouth shape in T shape are solid by bolt and upper cover after the through-hole on exploitation mouth insertion upper cover It is fixed, the convex block also with an appearance partition horizontal anomalous movement outwardly protruded is located at partition in the side of bucket body structure, in convex block With the appearance movable cavity of partition.
3. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the elevator Structure includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder for being mounted on Pressure chamber bottom end, and the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder is protruded into from the bottom end of Pressure chamber It is connected inside to Pressure chamber and with the bottom end of Imitating kettle, and Imitating kettle is driven to carry out oscilaltion.
4. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: horizontal drive machine Structure are as follows: the partition has a groove for holding partition insertion by a partition tray support, in the upper end of partition pallet, it is described every Sheet tray is driven and by a hydraulic cylinder that moves left and right with dynamic dividing plate progress left and right horizontal movement.
5. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in Pressure chamber Also there is a pair of of guide rod positioned at the two sides of partition pallet, while being also equipped with a pair of of guide sleeve, institute in the two sides of partition pallet It states guide sleeve suit on the guide bar, and is horizontally moved with dynamic dividing plate pallet along the extending direction of guide rod.
6. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Pressure chamber Interior to be additionally provided with a positioning mechanism below Imitating kettle, the positioning mechanism includes that a pair is set to Imitating bottom end The hydraulic positioner of two sides.
7. hydrate exploitation layering physical simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Imitating The outer wall of kettle upper end is additionally provided with sealing ring, is also equipped with sealing ring in the outer wall of upper cover.
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CN111691855B (en) * 2020-05-22 2022-04-08 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司 Simulation device and method for joint production of conventional natural gas reservoir and methane hydrate reservoir
CN111894529A (en) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-06 广东工业大学 System and method for combustible ice exploitation leakage simulation and environmental parameter quantitative inversion
CN111781011A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-16 中国船舶科学研究中心 Pressure-maintaining and fidelity-keeping sampling device for combustible ice storage test cabin
CN111781011B (en) * 2020-08-04 2023-03-28 中国船舶科学研究中心 Pressure-maintaining and fidelity-keeping sampling device for combustible ice storage test cabin
CN113323633A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-08-31 西南石油大学 Ocean natural gas hydrate in-situ formation and integrated exploitation simulation device

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