CN113266345A - Reservoir simulation unit and gas dissolution distribution evaluation device and evaluation method thereof - Google Patents
Reservoir simulation unit and gas dissolution distribution evaluation device and evaluation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a reservoir simulation unit and CO thereof2A dissolution distribution evaluation device and an evaluation method belong to the technical field of oilfield development. The reservoir simulation unit comprises: a sealable container; a separation and communication component is arranged in the container to separate the container into a sand filling chamber and a bottom water chamber and enable the sand filling chamber and the bottom water chamber to be communicated; the sand filling chamber is positioned at the upper part of the bottom water chamber; and a plurality of injection and production ports are arranged on the wall of the container in the area of the sand filling chamber corresponding to the container at different heights. The invention is not only applicable to CO2The evaluation of gas injection dissolution can be effectively carried out to satisfy N2、CO2+N2And (4) evaluating experimental requirements of gas injection dissolution of composite gas, flue gas and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The patent belongs to the technical field of oilfield development, and particularly relates to a reservoir simulation unit and a gas dissolution distribution evaluation device and method thereof.
Background
The three-fold system oil reservoir of the tower river oil field can be used for mining more than 1500 ten thousand tons, which accounts for about 69.7 percent of the reserve capacity of the clastic rock, the mining degree is 28.9 percent at present, and the oil reservoir enters a high water-cut stage. The oil reservoir temperature is 110 ℃, the pressure is 49.1MPa (the original pressure is 49.8MPa), and the formation water mineralization is 213.3 g/L. The method has the characteristics of high water body strength, high oil reservoir temperature and pressure and high formation water mineralization degree. CO injection in oil reservoir2The influence of water body is fully considered in the oil displacement process, and CO is mastered2The dissolution distribution situation in crude oil-formation water systems is a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
For simulative CO2The device for the dissolution of crude oil-formation water system has not been reported in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned blank existing in the field, the present invention provides a CO2A dissolution distribution evaluation device suitable for oil-water bodyIn series CO2And (4) evaluating the dissolution.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a reservoir simulation unit, comprising: a sealable container; a separation communicating component is arranged in the container to separate the container into a sand filling chamber and a bottom water chamber; the sand filling chamber is positioned at the upper part of the bottom water chamber; the wall of the container corresponding to the area of the sand filling chamber is provided with a plurality of injection and production ports at different heights.
The reservoir simulation unit further comprises: a reservoir simulant; the top of the container is provided with a top opening; the sand pack chamber can be filled with particles of different sizes through the top opening; the oil-water mixture can be injected into the container through the top opening or the injection-production port; gas can be filled into the bottom water chamber through the gas-liquid interface; the reservoir simulator comprises particles, an oil-water mixture and gas;
preferably, the bottom of the container is provided with a bottom opening;
preferably, the top opening, the bottom opening and the injection and production port can be sealed by sealing parts;
preferably, the partition communicating member includes a perforated plate; preferably, the wells on the multiwell plate are evenly distributed; the aperture of each hole is 0.150-0.075mm (150-; the porous plate is preferably a porous sintered plate;
preferably, the sealing member is selected from: a sealing cover, a sealing valve and a sealing flange;
preferably, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent injection and production ports is 10-15cm, preferably 10 cm.
A particle layer is arranged in the sand filling chamber; the particle layer can be provided with 1-10 layers;
preferably, the oil-water mixture in the sand-pack chamber submerges all of the particulate layer;
preferably, the adjacent particle layers are arranged up and down; the height of each particle layer is more than 10cm, and the permeability is 50-2000 mD;
preferably, a 100-mesh single-layer metal sand prevention net is arranged at the top end of the sand filling chamber;
preferably, the particulate matter is selected from: quartz sand, ceramsite, calcium carbonate particles, spherical glass beads and the like;
the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
The container is of a vertical cylinder structure;
preferably, the partition communication member further includes a connector; the connecting piece comprises a connecting block; the connecting block is of a cylinder structure with a through hole; the shape and the size of the cylinder structure are matched with the periphery of the inner wall of the cylinder body; the through hole axially penetrates through the column body; the top surface of the column body is connected with the bottom surface of the porous plate;
preferably, the height of the column is 2.0-4.0 cm; the aperture of the through hole is 0.5cm-2cm, preferably 1 cm;
preferably, the connector further comprises a flange; the periphery of the outer wall of the cylinder body radially extends out of the flange; the shape and the size of the flange are matched with those of the flange;
preferably, the cylinder wall of the cylinder body comprises a metal layer, a resistance material layer and a heat insulation layer from inside to outside;
preferably, the metal is selected from: 316L stainless steel, Hastelloy 267, refined copper;
the resistive material is selected from: nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum, iron-chromium-nickel, carbon film, ceramic, carbon fiber and copper wire;
the insulating layer material is selected from: glass fiber, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt, a vacuum plate, a flame-retardant aluminum foil material and B1-grade polyurethane.
A piston capable of moving up and down is arranged in the bottom water chamber;
preferably, the height of the sand-packed chamber is 1/2-4/5, preferably 3/4, of the total vessel height.
A gas dissolving distribution evaluation device comprises the reservoir simulation unit.
The gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus further includes: a gas-liquid injection unit; the gas-liquid injection unit includes: an injection pump and a gas-liquid storage tank group;
preferably, the gas-liquid storage tank group comprises a gas storage tank and a liquid storage tank; the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank are respectively communicated with a gas-liquid interface of a bottom water chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a pipeline; the injection pump is respectively connected with the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank through lines;
preferably, the gas-liquid injection unit further includes: a gas pressure regulator, a flow controller; the gas pressure regulator can be connected with an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a line; the flow controller is connected with the injection pump through a line;
the reservoir simulation unit comprises a container and a reservoir simulator; the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
The gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus further includes: the temperature control and acquisition unit and the oil-gas-water separation and metering unit are arranged on the oil-gas-water separator;
preferably, the temperature control and acquisition unit comprises: a temperature probe and a controller;
the controller is connected with the resistance material layer of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body of the container of the reservoir simulation unit through a line;
the temperature probe is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body of the container of the reservoir simulation unit;
preferably, the number of the temperature probes is 4, and the temperature probes are respectively arranged at the heights 1/5, 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 of the cylinder wall from bottom to top; the controller is respectively connected with the temperature probes through lines;
preferably, the temperature probe is selected from: a Pt100 thermocouple temperature probe;
the controller is selected from: a PID regulator controller;
preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit can be communicated with an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a pipeline;
preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit comprises: a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas flowmeter, an oil-water separator and an oil-water meter;
preferably, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an injection and production port of a container of the pipeline reservoir simulation unit, and the back pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the injection and production port;
the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the oil-water separator through a pipeline; the gas outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with a gas flowmeter through a pipeline; the liquid outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with an oil-water meter through a pipeline;
preferably, the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
The gas dissolution distribution evaluation method is characterized in that the gas dissolution dissolved in the oil-water mixture is evaluated by adopting the gas dissolution distribution evaluation device.
The gas dissolution distribution evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, injecting formation water and simulated oil into a container through an injection and production port of the container of a reservoir simulation unit of the gas dissolution distribution evaluation device to form an oil-water mixture, and then filling particles into the oil-water mixture to form a particle layer; injecting gas into the reservoir simulation unit through an injection pump of the gas-liquid injection unit, and performing oil-gas-water separation on an oil-gas-water mixture acquired from an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through an oil-gas-water separation metering unit and metering the content of the gas in the oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, the particulate layer is submerged in the oil-water mixture;
preferably, the permeability of each particle layer of the reservoir simulant of the reservoir simulation unit is 50-2000 mD;
preferably, the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit to enable the oil-water mixture in the reservoir simulation unit to be completely or partially changed into an oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit, the temperature in the container of the reservoir simulation unit is kept at the room temperature of 150 ℃ below zero through the temperature control and acquisition unit, and preferably at the temperature of 120-135 ℃;
preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit, the pressure of the reservoir simulation unit is maintained at normal pressure-70 MPa, preferably 50-60MPa, by a gas pressure regulator of the gas-liquid injection unit;
preferably, after all injection and production ports need to be closed to simulate soaking for 48-240 hours in the process of simulating the oil well huff and puff experiment, an oil-gas-water separation and measurement unit is used for carrying out oil-gas-water separation on an oil-gas-water mixture collected from the injection and production ports of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit and measuring the content of gas in the oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, when simulating an oil well displacement test, at least 2 injection and production ports need to be opened simultaneously, gas is injected through at least 1 injection and production port, and an oil-gas-water mixture is collected through the other 1 injection and production port.
The invention is developed by the experimental process device (gas dissolution distribution evaluation device), and three types of experiments are carried out under the conditions of temperature of 150 ℃, pressure of 70MPa and mineralization degree of 250 g/L: (1) single-phase dissolution: (ii) CO2Solubility in crude oil; (ii) CO2Solubility in formation water; (2) system transfer capacity: (ii) saturated CO2The ability of crude oil to transfer to water; ② saturated CO2Formation water transport to oil; ③ unsaturated CO2The mutual transfer capacity of an oil-water system; (3) dynamic free form expansion: not considering reservoir, CO2Free diffusivity in oil-water; simulation of reservoir conditions, CO2Free diffusivity in oil-water.
Scientific research experiment station (geological center laboratory of original exploration and development institute) for experiment center of northwest China petrochemical oil field branch company for treating CO in strong bottom water oil reservoir crude oil-formation water system from 20152The dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus was designed accordingly.
The invention aims to provide a method for simulating CO in a strong bottom water reservoir crude oil-formation water system2Dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus. The device has an effective volume of 8600ml and a height of 2500mm, can simulate 11 layers of heterogeneous layer sections, and is mainly made of 316L stainless steel, and has the pressure bearing capacity of 70MPa and the temperature resistance of 150 ℃. The model mainly comprises 4 parts, namely high-pressure injection and pressure acquisition, a dissolution model, oil-gas-water separation measurement and temperature control and acquisition, wherein the dissolution model is formed by the core of the dissolution model. The device flow is schematically shown in figure 1, and the dissolution model device, namely the reservoir simulation unit of the invention, is shown in figures 2-3.
Gas and liquid injection system module (gas and liquid injection unit): the injection system comprises a fluid storage requirement and a fluid displacement control mechanism of a model displacement test, and comprises an injection pump, a gas-liquid storage tank set (mainly used for containing gas or displacement fluid (oil-water mixture), such as formation water, crude oil and the like), a gas pressure regulator, a flow controller, a pipeline valve and the like.
Dissolution model (reservoir simulation unit): as the core of the dissolution simulation experiment, the model meets three key technical requirements, one of which is that the condition of strong bottom water is simulated, the sand filling chamber and the bottom water simulation chamber are communicated by designing, the bottom water chamber has a free regulation space of 1000ml, so that the simulation of the constant pressure condition is facilitated, the sealing property of the upper water body is ensured by arranging a piston which can freely slide and has a blocking characteristic, in addition, a porous sintered plate of 200 meshes is arranged between the sand filling chamber and the bottom water chamber, so that the free communication of the fluid is ensured, and the sand in the sand filling chamber is ensured to enter the bottom water chamber; secondly, effective simulation of reservoir conditions and non-reservoir conditions is achieved, the height of a sand filling chamber layer is 1500mm, a group of injection and production ports are reserved at intervals of 100mm, multi-layer section simulation of a heterogeneous reservoir is facilitated, the reservoir simulation can be well tested by filling quartz sand with different meshes into a model, if the model chamber is not filled, simulation of the non-reservoir conditions can be achieved, polishing through a sand blasting process is avoided, and the surface water channeling effect can be effectively prevented; thirdly, the high-temperature high-pressure corrosion-resistant property experiment is satisfied, the model has 70MPa, 150 ℃ and excellent CO resistance through the lining C276 hastelloy material2And H2And S corrosion.
Oil-gas-water separation metering module (oil-gas-water separation metering unit): in the aspect of gas-water separation, through unique supersaturation sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride drying system, the integrated design of chameleon monitoring system, the gas-liquid carries out initial separation through sodium bicarbonate, is carrying out thorough dehydration through calcium chloride, and chameleon meets water and can become pink by blue, and it further instructs carbon dioxide normal water whether to carry out thorough separation. On one hand, effective separation of gas and liquid is guaranteed, on the other hand, dead volume is strictly controlled, a unique automatic gas metering system with self-control pressure balance is combined, accurate gas and water metering is guaranteed, a meter is finely designed and adjusted, sliding friction force of a piston is equal to self weight of the piston, when gas enters the meter, internal pressure is larger than atmospheric pressure, the piston slowly moves downwards and is provided with a precise pressure gauge, the minimum division value is 1/100 of atmospheric pressure, the balance between the internal pressure and the atmospheric pressure is guaranteed by adjusting the position of the piston, and at the moment, the volume of a cavity where the piston moves is the volume of the gas flowing in; in the aspect of oil-water-oil-gas separation, a liquid level system is tracked through an image, a unique automatic control pressure balance gas automatic metering system is combined, the metering system consists of double-cylinder glass tubes, the bottoms and the middle parts of the glass tubes are communicated, oil and water flow into the glass tubes, density difference is utilized for automatic separation, a camera automatically identifies the positions of the glass tubes according to page changes of the oil and water, the content of the oil and water is automatically calculated through software, and the metering precision of 0.01ml at minimum is realized.
Temperature control and collection module (temperature control and collection unit), through setting up multistage heating and multistage temperature compensation, guaranteed faster heating rate and excellent temperature homogeneous characteristic to realized the effective simulation of high temperature condition, in addition, through setting up external heat preservation thermal-insulated fibre, promoted the security performance of equipment operation.
The invention has the following effects: 1) the oil, gas and water volume is accurately measured by the designed model device, the temperature and the pressure are accurate and controllable, and the working requirements of experimental dissolution measurement under the conditions of 150 ℃ and 70MPa can be met at most;
2) the effective simulation of the carbon dioxide dissolution and diffusion of the oil reservoir is realized;
3) support and develop 16 sets of CO under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions2In the experimental evaluation of the solubility and diffusion distribution in crude oil and high-salinity formation water, injecting CO into the bottom water sandstone reservoir of the Tahe oil field2The enhanced oil recovery work provides technical support.
4) The evaluation device is also suitable for testing the dissolution experiment of other fluids under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure.
CO injection2The method is an important means for improving the recovery efficiency by injecting gas into an oil reservoir, and before a gas injection test is carried out, the high-temperature high-pressure dissolution simulation experiment evaluation must be carried out in a laboratory. The dissolution evaluation experiment is carried out according to the invention, and the problem of bottom water oil is gradually solvedStoring CO2Dissolving power, CO2Solvency, CO in crude oil-formation water system in bottom water reservoir2Injecting CO into the bottom water reservoir of the Tahe oil field under the condition of self-diffusion in a crude oil-formation water system in the bottom water reservoir2And the research and evaluation of the displacement feasibility provide equipment support. The method can be applied to gas injection evaluation of the clastic rock oil reservoir, has wide application prospect in the field of gas injection development of the carbonate rock fracture-cave oil reservoir, and is not only suitable for CO2The evaluation of gas injection dissolution can be effectively carried out to satisfy N2、CO2+N2And (4) evaluating experimental requirements of gas injection dissolution of composite gas, flue gas and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a CO provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention2A schematic diagram of a connection structure and a schematic diagram of a process flow of the dissolution distribution evaluation experimental device.
FIG. 2 provides a CO according to another embodiment of the present invention2And (3) a physical map of a model (model height is 2m) of a reservoir simulation unit of the dissolution distribution evaluation experimental device.
FIG. 3 is a CO provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention2And the internal structure schematic diagram of the reservoir simulation unit of the dissolution distribution evaluation experimental device.
The labels in the figure are listed below: 1-reservoir simulation unit, 11-container (cylinder), 111-sand filling chamber, 112-bottom water chamber, 113-perforated plate, 114-injection and production port, 115-top opening, 116-bottom opening, 117-container wall (cylinder wall), 12-sealing part, 13-piston, 14-sealing part (flange), 15-fixing ring and 16-connecting block; 2-a gas-liquid injection unit; 3-temperature control and collection unit; 4-oil-gas-water separation metering unit, 41-gas-liquid separator, 42-oil-water separator, 43-gas flowmeter and 44-oil-water meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific embodiments and the attached drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Group 1 example reservoir simulation Unit according to the invention
The present set of embodiments provide a reservoir simulation unit. All embodiments of this group share the following common features: the reservoir simulation unit 1 includes: a sealable container 11; a separating and communicating component is arranged in the container 11 to separate the container 11 into a sand filling chamber 111 and a bottom water chamber 112; the sand filling chamber 111 is positioned at the upper part of the bottom water chamber 112; the container 11 is provided with a plurality of injection and production ports 114 at different heights on the container wall corresponding to the area of the sand filling chamber 111.
In some embodiments, the injection-production port 114 may also be used as a sampling port, a pressure measurement port, or an air-liquid port.
In a further embodiment, the reservoir simulation unit 1 further comprises: reservoir simulants (not shown); the top of the container 11 is provided with a top opening 115; the sand pack may be filled with different sized particles through the top opening 115; the oil-water mixture can be injected into the container 11 through the top opening 115 or the injection-production port 114; gas can be injected into the bottom water chamber through the injection and production port 114; the particles, the oil-water mixture and the gas form a reservoir simulator;
preferably, the bottom of the container 11 is provided with a bottom opening 116; the bottom is provided in an open form to facilitate removal, cleaning, replacement, and maintenance of the internal structure or components of the container, e.g., the piston 13, etc., from the bottom-opening container 11.
Preferably, the top opening 115, the bottom opening 116, the injection and production port 114, and the gas-liquid interface are all sealed by the sealing component 12;
preferably, the partition communicating member includes a perforated plate 113; preferably, the wells on the multi-well plate are evenly distributed; the aperture of each hole is 0.150-0.075mm (150-250 meshes), preferably 0.125mm (200 meshes); the porous plate 113 is preferably a porous sintered plate;
preferably, the sealing member 12 is selected from: a sealing cover, a sealing valve, a sealing flange 14 and a sealing ring;
in some embodiments, the sealing ring may be an O-ring. As shown in fig. 3, a sealing ring is usually provided at the position of the sealing cover with an open top and an open bottom.
Preferably, the spacing between adjacent injection and production ports 114 is 10-15cm, preferably 10 cm.
The advantage of using this spacing is that: the oil-water mixture sample is conveniently collected from reservoirs simulating different depths to analyze and measure the solubility of gas, the closer the distance is, the more detailed the obtained measurement data of different depths are, and the better the analysis effect is.
In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the end of the injection port 114 inside the cylinder wall 117 is provided with a fixing ring 15, and the fixing ring 15 is used to fix the end of the injection port inside the cylinder wall 117 to the cylinder wall 117.
The oil-water mixture is an artificially prepared crude oil-formation water system and is used for simulating a mixture of crude oil and water in a real underground reservoir. The crude oil-formation water system has a technical meaning well known to those skilled in the art of petroleum and generally refers to a mixed system of crude oil and groundwater. Those skilled in the art can formulate crude oil-formation water systems based on conventional technical knowledge and technical means in the field of petroleum, for example, refer to CO2Dissolution test in crude oil and highly mineralized formation Water System, high temperature and high pressure CO2The preparation method is carried out in a crude oil-formation water system recorded in documents such as solubility experiments of crude oil and high-salinity formation water, namely, a triallel system oil reservoir in a certain area of a Tahe oil field.
In some embodiments, a particulate layer is disposed within the sand pack chamber; the particle layer can be provided with 1-10 layers;
preferably, the adjacent particle layers are arranged up and down; the height of the particulate matter layer is more than 10cm, and the permeability is 50-2000 mD;
the person skilled in the art can measure the thickness, permeability and other parameters of the target formation to be simulated (for example, sandstone formations with different permeabilities) by the conventional means, fill the sand-pack chamber with the particulate matter and make the thickness and permeability of the particulate matter consistent with or close to those of the target formation by the conventional measuring means, which can be conveniently operated and realized by the person skilled in the art.
Preferably, a 100-mesh single-layer metal sand control net (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the top end of the sand filling chamber 111, and is used for preventing sand from being discharged and preventing particles from being exposed from the top of the sand filling chamber 111 and entering a gas-liquid pipeline of the oil-gas-water separation metering unit to cause abrasion to the pipeline.
Preferably, the particulate matter is selected from: quartz sand, ceramsite, calcium carbonate particles, spherical glass beads and the like;
the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 2, the container 11 is of a vertical cylinder structure;
preferably, the bottom of the sand-filling chamber 111 is connected with the top of the bottom water chamber 112 through a connecting piece;
preferably, the partition communication member further includes a connector; the connecting piece comprises a connecting block 16; the connecting block 16 is a cylinder structure with a through hole; the shape and the size of the cylinder structure are matched with the periphery of the inner wall of the cylinder body 11; the through hole axially penetrates through the column; the top surface of the column body is connected with the bottom surface of the perforated plate 113;
preferably, the height of the column is 2.0-4.0 cm; the aperture of the through hole is 0.5cm-2cm, preferably 1 cm;
the shape and size of the porous plate are matched with the inner wall of the cylinder body of the sand filling chamber, but the porous plate is not only arranged on the through hole of the connecting block, so that the arrangement is mainly because the porous plate is directly contacted with the upper surface of the connecting block, but a certain gap is still avoided between the porous plate and the connecting block, and the gap can assist in maintaining the connectivity between the upper cavity and the lower cavity (the sand filling chamber and the bottom water chamber); in order to ensure sufficient connectivity between the sand filling chamber and the bottom water chamber, if the porous plate is arranged only in the range of the through hole of the connecting block, the connectivity between the bottom water chamber and the sand filling chamber is weakened, which may bring about the defect that the pressure of the sand filling chamber cannot be supplemented and stabilized in time.
The arrangement of the connecting block 16, in addition to the porous plate 113, plays a very important role in realizing the separation and communication of the sand-filling chamber 111 and the bottom water chamber 112 of the device of the invention, the connecting block is used as a solid structure to effectively separate the sand-filling chamber 111 from the bottom water chamber 112, but because the connecting block is provided with a through hole which axially penetrates, liquid and gas can pass through and flow between the sand-filling chamber 111 and the bottom water chamber 112 through the through hole, and the porous plate 113 covered on the upper part of the through hole can ensure that particles in the sand-filling chamber 111 do not fall into the bottom water chamber 112 from the sand-filling chamber 111, thereby avoiding damaging and wearing the piston 13 in the bottom water chamber 112. The aperture of through-hole sets up and is enough little but be far more than the aperture of perforated plate 113, can produce enough negative pressure when making the interior piston 13 motion of bottom water chamber 112 on the one hand and effectively adjust the pressure in whole barrel 11, and on the other hand can guarantee the porous plate 13 and the validity of the partition ventilative (liquid) function in each hole on it, guarantees sufficient connectivity between bottom water chamber and the room of packing sand to avoid the indoor particulate matter of packing sand to cause the jam to the porous plate.
Preferably, the connector further comprises a flange; the periphery of the outer wall of the cylinder body radially extends out of the flange; the shape and the size of the flange are matched with those of the flange;
preferably, the cylinder wall 117 of the cylinder 11 comprises a metal layer, a resistance material layer and an insulating layer from inside to outside;
preferably, the metal is selected from: 316L stainless steel, hastelloy 267, fine copper, etc.;
the resistive material is selected from: nichrome, iron-chromium-aluminum, iron-chromium-nickel, carbon film, ceramic, carbon fiber, copper wire and the like;
the insulating layer material is selected from: glass fiber, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt, a vacuum plate, a flame-retardant aluminum foil material, B1-grade polyurethane and the like.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a piston 13 capable of moving up and down is arranged in the bottom water chamber 112; the piston 13 functions as: the inner space of the bottom water chamber 112 can be adjusted by moving the piston 13 up and down, and the pressure in the container 11 can be finely adjusted by moving the piston 13 up and down.
A seal member 14 (seal ring) is further provided at the piston 13 in general.
In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sealing member 14 of the bottom opening 116 of the bottom chamber 112 is a flange, and an injection hole is opened on the flange, and a piston pump (not shown) can inject fluid through the injection hole on the flange 14 to push the piston to move.
Preferably, the height of the sand pack chamber 111 is 1/2-4/5, preferably 3/4, of the height of the entire vessel 11.
The present group of embodiments provide a gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus. The gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus includes a reservoir simulation unit 1 as provided in any one of the embodiments of group 1.
In a further embodiment, the gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus further comprises: a gas-liquid injection unit 2; the gas-liquid injection unit 2 includes: an injection pump, a gas-liquid storage tank set (not shown in the figure);
preferably, the gas-liquid storage tank group comprises a gas tank and a liquid tank (both not shown in the figure); the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank are respectively communicated with a gas-liquid interface of a bottom water chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through pipelines; the injection pump is respectively connected with the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank through lines and provides power for injecting gas in the gas storage tank and an oil-water mixture in the liquid storage tank into the bottom water chamber;
preferably, the gas-liquid injection unit 2 further includes: gas pressure regulators, flow controllers (neither shown); the gas pressure regulator can be connected with the injection and production port 114 of the sand filling chamber 111 of the container 11 of the reservoir simulation unit 1 through a line and is used for measuring the pressure inside the container 11; the flow controller is connected with the injection pump through a line and is used for controlling the flow of gas and liquid injected into the bottom water chamber 112 by the injection pump;
the reservoir simulation unit 1 comprises a container 11 and a reservoir simulator (not shown in the figure); the gas is selected from: CO 22、 N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
In still further embodiments, the gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus further comprises: the temperature control and acquisition unit 3 and the oil-gas-water separation metering unit 4 are arranged;
preferably, the temperature control and acquisition unit 3 comprises: temperature probes, a controller (neither shown);
the controller is connected with the resistance material layer of the cylinder wall 117 of the cylinder body 11 of the container of the reservoir simulation unit 1 through a line, and can adjust the circuit current and heat the resistance material layer to change the temperature of the container 11 of the whole reservoir simulation unit 1;
in some embodiments, the temperature probe is disposed inside the wall 117 of the barrel 11 of the vessel of the reservoir simulation unit 1; the wall 117 is suitably provided with a through hole through which the wiring connecting the probe to the controller can pass and with a corresponding seal to seal the through hole.
Preferably, the number of the temperature probes is 4, and the temperature probes are respectively arranged at the heights 1/5, 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 of the cylinder wall from bottom to top; the controller is respectively connected with the temperature probes through lines; the controller realizes the accurate control of heating power according to the automatic control of the heating time interval, thereby realizing the accurate control of temperature;
preferably, the temperature probe is selected from: a Pt100 thermocouple temperature probe;
the controller is selected from: and a PID regulating controller.
The technical personnel in the field can set a threshold parameter for the controller according to the specific evaluation test requirements, when the temperature value transmitted by the temperature probe is lower than or higher than the threshold value, the controller is triggered, the PID controller realizes the accurate control of the heating power according to the automatic control heating time interval, the resistance material is electrified and heated to increase the temperature of the container of the reservoir simulation unit, and when the temperature reaches or exceeds the preset temperature, the PID controller controls the circuit system to stop electrifying and heating the resistance material; in simulating formation conditions, it is desirable to maintain the temperature within the vessel at a level that is as close as possible to the temperature in the reservoir formation.
The temperature probes and controllers are commercially available.
Preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit 4 can be communicated with the injection and production port 114 of the sand filling chamber 111 of the container 11 of the reservoir simulation unit 1 through a pipeline;
preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit 4 comprises: a back pressure valve (not shown), a gas-liquid separator 41, a gas flowmeter 43, an oil-water separator 42, and an oil-water meter 44;
preferably, the gas-liquid separator 41 is communicated with the injection and production port 114 of the container 11 of the pipeline reservoir simulation unit 1, and the back pressure valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator 41 and the injection and production port 114 and used for controlling the pressure of the pipeline;
the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 41 is connected with the oil-water separator 42 through a pipeline; the gas outlet of the oil-water separator 42 is connected with a gas flowmeter 43 through a pipeline and is used for metering separated gas; the liquid outlet of the oil-water separator 42 is connected with an oil-water meter 44 through a pipeline and is used for metering the separated oil-water mixture;
preferably, the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas;
preferably, the gas-liquid separator 41 is a SXFL20-2 type gas-liquid separation product, a product manufactured by available technologies of Changzhou,
The gas flow meter 43 is a product of type TG50 of RITTER gas flow meter in Germany;
the oil-water separator 42 is an oil-water separation product of YSFL1000 model of Changzhou easy technology Limited;
the oil and water metering device 44 is an oil and water metering product of model JL500-01 of Changzhou easy technology Limited company.
The oil-water mixture is an artificially prepared crude oil-formation water system and is used for simulating a mixture of crude oil and water in a real underground reservoir. The crude oil-formation water system has a technical meaning well known to those skilled in the art of petroleum and generally refers to a mixed system of crude oil and groundwater. Those skilled in the art can formulate crude oil-formation water systems based on conventional technical knowledge and technical means in the field of petroleum, for example, refer to CO2Dissolution test in crude oil and highly mineralized formation Water System, high temperature and high pressure CO2The preparation method is carried out in a crude oil-formation water system recorded in documents such as solubility experiments of crude oil and high-salinity formation water, namely, a triallel system oil reservoir in a certain area of a Tahe oil field.
The oil-gas-water separation metering unit is a common oil-gas-water separation device and metering device in the field, and can be referred to CO2Dissolution testing in crude oil and hypersalinity formation water systemsExperiments, high temperature and high pressure CO2The oil-gas-water separation device and the metering device are recorded in documents such as crude oil and high-salinity formation water solubility experiments, namely a triallel system oil reservoir in a certain area of a Tahe oil field. Group 3 examples and evaluation method of gas dissolution distribution of the present invention
The present set of embodiments provide a gas dissolution distribution evaluation method. All embodiments of this group share the following common features: the gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus provided in any one of the embodiments of group 2 was used to evaluate the dissolution of a gas dissolved in an oil-water mixture.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the method for evaluating gas dissolution distribution includes: injecting gas into the reservoir simulation unit 1 through an injection pump of the gas-liquid injection unit, and performing oil-gas-water separation on an oil-gas-water mixture collected from an injection and production port 114 of a sand filling chamber 111 of a container 11 of the reservoir simulation unit 1 through an oil-gas-water separation metering unit 4 and metering the content of the gas in the oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit 1 to change all or part of the oil-water mixture in the reservoir simulation unit 1 into an oil-gas-water mixture;
the oil-gas-water mixture has a conventional technical meaning well known to those skilled in the art, and when gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit 1, the gas dissolves a portion of the oil-water mixture in the reservoir simulation unit 1 in a high-temperature and high-pressure state of the formation, and the oil-gas-water mixture is formed.
Preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit 1, the temperature inside the container 11 of the reservoir simulation unit 1 is maintained within any desired temperature range between room temperature and 150 ℃ by the temperature control and collection unit 3. Preferably 120 ℃ to 135 ℃;
preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit 1, the pressure of the reservoir simulation unit 1 is maintained within any desired pressure range of normal pressure to 70MPa by the gas pressure regulator of the gas-liquid injection unit 2. Preferably 50-60 MPa.
The room temperature generally means 20-25 deg.C, and the normal pressure means 1 standard atmosphere, about 0.101325 MPa.
In some more specific embodiments, the same injection and production port is used to inject or inject liquid into the reservoir of the reservoir simulation unit during the simulation of the well throughput test.
In other embodiments, when simulating the oil well displacement test, different injection and production ports are combined to simultaneously perform gas injection or liquid injection operation into the container of the reservoir simulation unit respectively.
The gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
Experimental example, concrete experiment operation and application of the device of the invention
Firstly, the device has the following specific experimental operations:
(1) preparing simulation fluid according to oil reservoir conditions, wherein the simulation fluid comprises oil and water, the total amount of the simulation fluid is more than 10L respectively, and the gas amount is determined according to the gas-oil ratio of the oil reservoir.
(2) Connecting an injection system, separating and metering oil, gas and water, and calibrating.
(3) And (3) testing temperature and pressure, namely filling water or pure water for simulation experiment into the model, floating up by 15% according to the oil reservoir temperature and pressure condition, and carrying out flow temperature and pressure test, wherein the test stabilization time is not less than 4 hours.
(4) Filling quartz sand with different mesh ratios into a model, filling water, filling the sand to ensure that the water level is 5-10cm higher than the sand level, compacting by a compaction system, wherein the pressure is not less than the formation pressure, mounting a sealing cover after the compaction is finished, carrying out liquid phase permeability measurement, and selecting the quartz sand ratio similar to the reservoir pore permeability as an experimental reservoir simulation formula.
(5) The experimental model was filled and the total pore volume was determined.
(6) Raising the temperature and the pressure to the experimental conditions, injecting experimental compound crude oil, and realizing effective simulation of bottom water through the bottom adjustable container.
(7) According to the experimental protocol, insufflation (CO) is carried out2) Dissolution evaluation test.
(8) And (5) after the experiment is finished, cooling, depressurizing, cleaning and dismantling the flow pipeline.
Second, oil well huff and puff simulation experiment
Such as simulation of a 3-layer rhythm section reservoir throughput experiment in a certain block of the Tahe oil field. Firstly, quartz sand of 80, 120 and 200 meshes is passed through to prepare a reservoir with permeability of 200mD, 400mD and 815 mD. Filling a rhythm section by adopting a 'suspension wet filling method', firstly assembling a model device, filling experimental simulated formation water (referring to the compatibility mechanism research of injection fluid and formation water of polymer flooding oil field-taking X oil field as an example or the existing technology of 'formation simulated water preparation and mineralization degree calculation program' and the like in a bottom water chamber for conventional adjustment, selection and preparation), filling general formation water (the formation water extracted from the oil field block) into a sand filling chamber, filling selected combined quartz sand layer by layer, vibrating by using an ultrasonic vibrator, compacting by using an 80 ton press, ensuring that the formation water completely immerses the quartz sand in the filling process, filling each layer with the thickness of 10-15cm for compaction, and filling the layer by layer to a top flange. The stratum water volume used for filling is the effective pore volume. Injecting simulation oil from injection hole designed at side end of experimental oil (refer to CO)2Dissolution test in crude oil and highly mineralized formation Water System, high temperature and high pressure CO2The preparation method is carried out in crude oil and high-salinity stratum water solubility experiments, namely crude oil systems recorded in documents such as Sandwire reservoirs in certain areas of Tahe oil fields and the like until the oil saturation degree is consistent with a design scheme. The injected simulated oil is mixed with simulated formation water and common formation water to form an oil-water mixture.
Firstly, the temperature is raised, and then the piston of the bottom water chamber is adjusted, so that the temperature and the pressure are ensured to be consistent with the design scheme. Test gas such as nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and the like is injected from the designed injection part, and the temperature and the pressure of the injection process model are ensured to be constant by adjusting the piston of the bottom water chamber, so that the process simulation of oil deposit gas injection swallowing is realized. And closing all the injection and production ports, and only keeping the injection hole of the flange of the bottom opening of the bottom water chamber to be communicated with an external piston pump, so that the gas is ensured to be freely diffused in the reservoir stratum during the process, and the soaking simulation is realized.
After the soaking simulation lasts for 10 days, oil-gas-water mixtures are respectively extracted from different injection and production ports, an oil-gas-water three-phase metering device is used for accurately metering and outputting the liquid, and the pressure-maintaining/non-pressure-maintaining gas injection and spitting process simulation is realized by controlling the position of a piston of a bottom water chamber. And the accurate calculation of the dissolving distribution is realized by calculating the oil gas water quantity.
Oil well displacement simulation experiment
The operation steps are similar to the oil well huff and puff simulation experiment of the second part, and the displacement process can be simulated only by simultaneously carrying out two operations of injecting test gas and extracting oil-gas-water mixture from an injection and production port.
Claims (10)
1. A reservoir simulation unit, comprising: a sealable container; a separating and communicating component is arranged in the container to separate the container into a sand filling chamber and a bottom water chamber and enable the sand filling chamber and the bottom water chamber to be communicated; the sand filling chamber is positioned at the upper part of the bottom water chamber; and a plurality of injection and production ports are arranged on the wall of the container in the area of the sand filling chamber corresponding to the container at different heights.
2. The reservoir simulation unit of claim 1, further comprising: a reservoir simulant; the top of the container is provided with a top opening; the sand pack can be filled with particles of different sizes through the top opening; the oil-water mixture can be injected into the container through the top opening or the injection-production opening; gas can be filled into the bottom water chamber through the gas-liquid interface; the reservoir simulator comprises particles, an oil-water mixture and gas;
preferably, the bottom of the container is provided with a bottom opening;
preferably, the top opening, the bottom opening and the injection and production port can be sealed by sealing parts;
preferably, the partition communicating member includes a perforated plate; preferably, the wells on the multiwell plate are evenly distributed; the aperture of each hole is 0.150-0.075mm, preferably 0.125 mm; the porous plate is preferably a porous sintered plate;
preferably, the sealing member is selected from: a sealing cover, a sealing valve and a sealing flange;
preferably, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent injection and production ports is 10-15cm, preferably 10 cm.
3. A reservoir simulation unit as defined in claim 2, wherein a particle layer is arranged in the sand pack chamber; the particle layer can be provided with 1-10 layers;
preferably, the oil-water mixture in the sand-pack chamber submerges all of the particulate layer;
preferably, the adjacent particle layers are arranged up and down; the height of each particle layer is more than 10cm, and the permeability is 50-2000 mD;
preferably, a 100-mesh single-layer metal sand prevention net is arranged at the top end of the sand filling chamber;
preferably, the particulate matter is selected from: quartz sand, ceramsite, calcium carbonate particles, spherical glass beads and the like;
the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
4. A reservoir simulation unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vessel is of a vertical cylindrical structure;
preferably, the partition communication member further includes a connector; the connecting piece comprises a connecting block; the connecting block is of a cylinder structure with a through hole; the shape and the size of the cylinder structure are matched with the periphery of the inner wall of the cylinder body; the through hole axially penetrates through the cylinder; the top surface of the column body is connected with the bottom surface of the porous plate;
preferably, the height of the column is 2.0-4.0 cm; the aperture of the through hole is 0.5cm-2cm, preferably 1 cm;
preferably, the connector further comprises a flange; the periphery of the outer wall of the cylinder body radially extends out of the flange; the shape and the size of the flange are matched with those of the flange;
preferably, the cylinder wall of the cylinder body comprises a metal layer, a resistance material layer and a heat insulation layer from inside to outside;
preferably, the metal is selected from: 316L stainless steel, Hastelloy 267, refined copper;
the resistive material is selected from: nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum, iron-chromium-nickel, carbon film, ceramic, carbon fiber and copper wire;
the insulating layer material is selected from: glass fiber, rock wool, silicate, aerogel felt, a vacuum plate, a flame-retardant aluminum foil material and B1-grade polyurethane.
5. A reservoir simulation unit as defined in any one of claims 1-3, wherein a piston is provided in the bottom water chamber, the piston being movable up and down;
preferably, the height of the sand-packed chamber is 1/2-4/5, preferably 3/4, of the total vessel height.
6. A gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus comprising a reservoir simulation unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising: a gas-liquid injection unit; the gas-liquid injection unit includes: an injection pump and a gas-liquid storage tank group;
preferably, the gas-liquid storage tank group comprises a gas storage tank and a liquid storage tank; the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank are respectively communicated with a gas-liquid interface of a bottom water chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a pipeline; the injection pump is respectively connected with the gas storage tank and the liquid storage tank through lines;
preferably, the gas-liquid injection unit further includes: a gas pressure regulator, a flow controller; the gas pressure regulator can be connected with an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a line; the flow controller is connected with the injection pump through a line;
the reservoir simulation unit comprises a container and a reservoir simulator; the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
8. A gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising: the temperature control and acquisition unit and the oil-gas-water separation and metering unit are arranged on the oil-gas-water separator;
preferably, the temperature control and acquisition unit comprises: a temperature probe and a controller;
the controller is connected with the resistance material layer of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body of the container of the reservoir simulation unit through a line;
the temperature probe is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body of the container of the reservoir simulation unit;
preferably, the number of the temperature probes is 4, and the temperature probes are respectively arranged at the heights 1/5, 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 of the cylinder wall from bottom to top; the controller is respectively connected with the temperature probes through lines;
preferably, the temperature probe is selected from: a Pt100 thermocouple temperature probe;
the controller is selected from: a PID regulator controller;
preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit can be communicated with an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through a pipeline;
preferably, the oil-gas-water separation metering unit comprises: a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas flowmeter, an oil-water separator and an oil-water meter;
preferably, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an injection and production port of a container of the pipeline reservoir simulation unit, and the back pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the injection and production port;
the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the oil-water separator through a pipeline; the gas outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with a gas flowmeter through a pipeline; the liquid outlet of the oil-water separator is connected with an oil-water meter through a pipeline;
preferably, the gas is selected from: CO 22、N2、CO2+N2Composite gas, flue gas.
9. A gas dissolution distribution evaluation method characterized by evaluating the dissolution of a gas dissolved in an oil-water mixture by using the gas dissolution distribution evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. A gas dissolved dispense evaluation method according to claim 9, comprising: injecting formation water and simulated oil into a container through an injection and production port of the container of a reservoir simulation unit of the gas dissolution distribution evaluation device to form an oil-water mixture, and then filling particles into the oil-water mixture to form a particle layer; injecting gas into the reservoir simulation unit through an injection pump of the gas-liquid injection unit, and performing oil-gas-water separation on an oil-gas-water mixture acquired from an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit through an oil-gas-water separation metering unit and metering the content of the gas in the oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, the particulate layer is submerged in the oil-water mixture;
preferably, the permeability of each particle layer of the reservoir simulant of the reservoir simulation unit is 50-2000 mD;
preferably, the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit to enable the oil-water mixture in the reservoir simulation unit to be completely or partially changed into an oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit, the temperature in the container of the reservoir simulation unit is kept at room temperature-150 ℃ through the temperature control and acquisition unit, and preferably 120-135 ℃;
preferably, after the gas is injected into the reservoir simulation unit, the pressure of the reservoir simulation unit is maintained at normal pressure-70 MPa, preferably 50-60MPa, by a gas pressure regulator of the gas-liquid injection unit;
preferably, after all injection and production ports need to be closed to simulate soaking for 48-240 hours in the simulated oil well huff-puff experiment, an oil-gas-water separation metering unit is used for carrying out oil-gas-water separation on an oil-gas-water mixture collected from an injection and production port of a sand filling chamber of a container of the reservoir simulation unit and metering the content of gas in the oil-gas-water mixture;
preferably, when simulating an oil well displacement test, at least 2 injection and production ports need to be opened simultaneously, gas is injected through at least 1 injection and production port, and an oil-gas-water mixture is collected through the other 1 injection and production port.
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