CN109678575B - Agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box - Google Patents

Agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109678575B
CN109678575B CN201910143569.6A CN201910143569A CN109678575B CN 109678575 B CN109678575 B CN 109678575B CN 201910143569 A CN201910143569 A CN 201910143569A CN 109678575 B CN109678575 B CN 109678575B
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pipe
box
rotating rod
motor
box body
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CN109678575A (en
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朱兰保
盛蒂
马莉
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Bengbu College
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Bengbu College
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/95Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/993Arrangements for measuring process parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure or humidity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box, and relates to the field of agricultural waste resource utilization. Including the box, set up the compost board in the box, the box roof sets up first feed-through pipe and second feed-through pipe, first feed-through pipe and second feed-through pipe bottom all set up the blending box, set up the mixing box in the box, the compounding is mutually bottom to set up total discharging pipe, total discharging pipe bottom sets up the branch pipe, the branch pipe bottom sets up a plurality of ejection of compact branch pipes, set up fertilizer agitating unit on the branch pipe, the hot-water line top sets up zymophyte sprinkler, the hot-water line below sets up the push pedal, push pedal one side sets up the push rod, set up the through-hole on the box lateral wall, through-hole department sets up the switching door, set up first motor on the box, set up straw cutting device on the first motor, set up the breach on the second feed-through pipe. The invention has the beneficial effects that: shortens the time required for the production and output of the aerobic composting of the agricultural wastes, reduces the labor capacity of workers and improves the fertilizer production efficiency.

Description

Agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the field of agricultural waste resource utilization, in particular to an agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box.
Background
The main production bodies of the breeding industry and the planting industry in China are separated, and the agriculture and animal husbandry cannot be well combined. For large pig and cattle farms, the resource utilization of agricultural organic solid wastes is realized by building an organic fertilizer production line and a methane generating device. However, in medium and small livestock farms, large-scale centralized treatment is difficult due to the dispersion of manure sources, small amount of transportation inconvenience, investment of funds and the like, and the large-scale centralized treatment is difficult to digest by farmers. The nearby composting farmyard manure of the growers around the farm is an effective way for solving the problem when the farmers are used for planting the economic crops of tea, fruits and vegetables.
Among the prior art, patent ZL201820037057.2 discloses a preheat type aerobic composting device, and the device can heat the fertilizer heap and preheat, and can ventilate the oxygen suppliment to the fertilizer heap through ventilation system, promotes the fermentation to go on, has solved farmyard manure heap retting fermentation start slow, long and sanitary condition poor problem. However, when the device is specifically operated, the steps of placing livestock and poultry manure and crop straws, mixing, stirring, spraying liquid fermentation microbial inoculum, and then carrying out aerobic composting by matching with heating pipes for heating and ventilating a ventilating system exist, and the steps are complex in operation, long in time consumption and low in fertilizer output efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box, which is based on the existing preheating type aerobic composting device, and the internal structure of the fermentation box is improved, so that the time required for manufacturing and producing the agricultural waste aerobic composting is shortened, the labor capacity of workers is reduced, and the fertilizer manufacturing efficiency is improved.
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and the aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation case, includes the box, set up the compost board in the box, the compost board below sets up gas distribution pipe and fermentation broth discharge valve, compost board top sets up thermometer and hot-water line, gas distribution pipe and fermentation broth discharge valve, thermometer, hot-water line all are connected with the box adaptability, the box roof sets up first feed-through pipe and second feed-through pipe, first feed-through pipe and second feed-through pipe bottom all set up the mixing pipe, set up the mixing box in the box, the mixing pipe bottom all communicates with each other with the mixing box, the mixing box bottom sets up total discharging pipe, total discharging pipe bottom sets up the branch pipe, branch pipe bottom sets up a plurality of ejection of compact branch pipes, set up fertilizer agitating unit on the branch pipe, fertilizer agitating unit suits with the mixing box; the fermentation bacteria liquid spraying device is arranged above the hot water pipe, the push plate is arranged below the hot water pipe, one side of the push plate is provided with the push rod, one end of the push rod, which is far away from the push plate, penetrates through the side wall of the box body and is positioned outside the box body, the side wall of the box body is provided with the through hole, the through hole is provided with the opening and closing door, and the through hole and the opening and closing door are both matched with the position of the push plate; the box body is provided with a first motor, the first motor is provided with a straw cutting device, the second feeding pipe is provided with a notch, and the notch is adaptive to the straw cutting device.
The fertilizer stirring device comprises a second motor, a first rotating rod is arranged on the second motor, a first bevel gear is sleeved on the first rotating rod, a second bevel gear is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, a second rotating rod is arranged in a central hole of the second bevel gear, one end of the second rotating rod penetrates through the side wall of the mixing box and is located inside the mixing box, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the second rotating rod, and the stirring rods are all located inside the mixing box.
The first rotating rod is provided with a bearing with a seat, and the bearing with the seat is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body.
The straw cutting device comprises a third rotating rod and a fourth rotating rod, the first motor is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box body, the third rotating rod is connected with the first motor, belt transmission is arranged between the third rotating rod and the fourth rotating rod, a cutting blade is arranged at the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod, and the cutting blade is located at a notch position.
The cross-sectional area of the push plate is continuously enlarged from left to right.
The material bearing pipes are arranged at the top ends of the first material passing pipe and the second material passing pipe, and are continuously reduced from top to bottom in a circular truncated cone shape.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the device, livestock manure is placed into the mixing box from the first feeding pipe, crop straws are placed into the mixing box from the second feeding pipe, the crop straws are cut by the straw cutting device directly in the placing process, the straws are directly crushed into proper lengths in the placing process and mixed with the livestock manure, the straws and the livestock manure can fully react, the mixed straws and the livestock manure flow into the composting plate through the main discharging pipe, the distributing pipe and the discharging branch pipe, the spraying part of the fermentation broth spraying device is positioned in the box, the mixed raw materials are sprayed with fermentation broth at any time as required, after fermentation in the fermentation box is finished, the manufactured aerobic compost is discharged from the through hole through the push plate, then raw materials are continuously placed into the fermentation broth to be manufactured, compared with the prior operation steps, the whole process is more standardized, the manufacturing time of the aerobic compost is shortened, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency of the fertilizer is improved.
2. The fertilizer stirring device adopts a motor and bevel gear structure to drive, and utilizes the structure of dividing the material pipe to fix the second motor, drives the stirring rod to stir the raw materials in the mixing box, can make the raw materials fully stir and mix.
3. The arrangement of the bearing with the seat improves the stability of the rotation of the first rotating rod and the transmission of the bevel gear structure, thereby improving the stability of the device in the whole use process.
4. The straw cutting device adopts the transmission of the third rotating rod and the fourth rotating rod, so that the position of the straw cutting device is optimized, the occupation of the structure and the space position is reduced, and the cutting blade is more stable in operation.
5. The cross-sectional area of the push plate is continuously enlarged from left to right, so that fertilizer can be conveniently pushed out of the through hole, and the resistance in the process of backward movement is reduced.
6. The material bearing pipe is in a round table shape, so that compost manufacturing raw materials are convenient to place, and the device is further optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the use of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second feed-through pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mixing tank of the present invention.
The reference numbers shown in the drawings: 1. a case; 2. a composting plate; 3. an air distribution pipe; 4. a fermentation broth discharge valve; 5. a thermometer; 6. a hot water pipe; 7. the first material passing pipe; 8. a second feed pipe; 9. a material mixing pipe; 10. a mixing box; 11. a main discharging pipe; 12. a material dividing pipe; 13. a discharge branch pipe; 14. a fermentation broth spraying device; 15. a push plate; 16. a push rod; 17. a through hole; 18. opening and closing the door; 19. a first motor; 20. a notch; 21. a second motor; 22. a first rotating lever; 23. a first bevel gear; 24. a second bevel gear; 25. a second rotating lever; 26. a stirring rod; 27. a bearing with a seat; 28. a third rotating lever; 29. a fourth rotating lever; 30. a cutting blade; 31. and a material bearing pipe.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Further, it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the application, and equivalents thereof fall within the scope of the application as defined by the claims. It should be noted that the terms left and right used in the following description refer to directions in fig. 1.
Standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the drawings, the specific connection modes of the parts adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, pasting and the like in the prior art, and the adopted circuit connection is of the conventional type in the prior art and is not described in detail herein.
The utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation case, includes box 1, set up compost board 2 in the box 1, compost board 2 below sets up gas distribution pipe 3 and fermentation broth discharge valve 4, compost board 2 top sets up thermometer 5 and hot-water line 6, gas distribution pipe 3 and fermentation broth discharge valve 4, thermometer 5, hot-water line 6 all are connected with box 1 adaptability, as shown in figure 1, and gas distribution pipe and fermentation broth discharge valve, thermometer, hot-water line's position are consistent with above-mentioned part function and position in the current organic fermentation case, especially gas distribution pipe and hot-water line, still are connected with ventilation system and solar water heater and cooperate when using, as shown in figure 2. The top wall of the box body 1 is provided with a first feeding pipe 7 and a second feeding pipe 8, the bottom ends of the first feeding pipe 7 and the second feeding pipe 8 are respectively provided with a mixing pipe 9, and a mixing box 10 is arranged in the box body 1, as shown in the attached drawings 1 and 4, livestock manure and straws are fully stirred before entering a composting plate, so that the reaction efficiency can be improved, and the manufacturing time is shortened. The bottom ends of the mixing pipes 9 are communicated with a mixing box 10, and a main discharging pipe 11 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing box 10, and is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the outflow of the stirred raw materials as shown in the figure 1. The bottom end of the main discharging pipe 11 is provided with a material distributing pipe 12, the bottom of the material distributing pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of discharging branch pipes 13, the material distributing pipe 12 is provided with a fertilizer stirring device, and the fertilizer stirring device is adapted to the mixing box 10; the fermentation broth spraying device 14 is arranged above the hot water pipe 6, and as shown in fig. 1, the fermentation broth spraying device is arranged at two sides of the box body, the spraying principle is the same as that of the existing shower, and the spraying of the fermentation broth can be controlled through a button. A push plate 15 is arranged below the hot water pipe 6, a push rod 16 is arranged on one side of the push plate 15, one end, far away from the push plate 15, of the push rod 16 penetrates through the side wall of the box body 1 and is positioned outside the box body 1, a through hole 17 is formed in the side wall of the box body 1, an opening and closing door 18 is arranged at the through hole 17, and the through hole 17 and the opening and closing door 18 are both matched with the position of the push plate 15; the box body 1 is provided with a first motor 19, the first motor 19 is provided with a straw cutting device, the second feeding pipe 8 is provided with a notch 20, and the notch 20 is matched with the straw cutting device. According to the device, livestock manure is placed into the mixing box from the first feeding pipe, crop straws are placed into the mixing box from the second feeding pipe, the crop straws are cut by the straw cutting device directly in the placing process, the straws are directly crushed into proper lengths in the placing process and mixed with the livestock manure, the straws and the livestock manure can fully react, the mixed straws and the livestock manure flow into the composting plate through the main discharging pipe, the distributing pipe and the discharging branch pipe, the spraying part of the fermentation broth spraying device is positioned in the box, the mixed raw materials are sprayed with fermentation broth at any time as required, after fermentation in the fermentation box is finished, the manufactured aerobic compost is discharged from the through hole through the push plate, then raw materials are continuously placed into the fermentation broth to be manufactured, compared with the prior operation steps, the whole process is more standardized, the manufacturing time of the aerobic compost is shortened, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency of the fertilizer is improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer stirring device comprises a second motor 21, a first rotating rod 22 is arranged on the second motor 21, a first bevel gear 23 is sleeved on the first rotating rod 22, a second bevel gear 24 is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear 23, the first bevel gear 23 is meshed with the second bevel gear 24, a second rotating rod 25 is arranged in a central hole of the second bevel gear 24, one end of the second rotating rod 25 penetrates through the side wall of the mixing box 10 and is positioned in the mixing box 10, a plurality of stirring rods 26 are arranged on the second rotating rod 25, and the stirring rods 26 are all positioned in the mixing box 10. The fertilizer stirring device adopts a motor and bevel gear structure to drive, and utilizes the structure of dividing the material pipe to fix the second motor, drives the stirring rod to stir the raw materials in the mixing box, can make the raw materials fully stir and mix.
In order to improve the stability of the rotation of the first rotating rod and the transmission of the bevel gear structure, a bearing 27 with a seat is arranged on the first rotating rod 22, and the bearing 27 with a seat is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body 1. The first rotating rod 22 is provided with a bearing 27 with a seat, and the bearing 27 with a seat is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body 1. The arrangement of the bearing with the seat improves the stability of the rotation of the first rotating rod and the transmission of the bevel gear structure, thereby improving the stability of the device in the whole use process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as optimization, the straw cutting device includes a third rotating rod 28 and a fourth rotating rod 29, the first motor 19 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box 1, the third rotating rod 28 is connected with the first motor 19, a belt is driven between the third rotating rod 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29, a cutting blade 30 is disposed at the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod 29, and the cutting blade 30 is located at the notch 20. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cutting blade covers the orifice of the second feed-through pipe for cutting straw, and a gap is reserved between the fourth rotating rod and the cutting blade on the box body. The straw cutting device adopts the transmission of the third rotating rod and the fourth rotating rod, so that the position of the straw cutting device is optimized, the occupation of the structure and the space position is reduced, and the cutting blade is more stable in operation.
As an optimization, the cross-sectional area of the push plate 15 is continuously enlarged from left to right. The cross-sectional area of the push plate is continuously enlarged from left to right, so that fertilizer can be conveniently pushed out of the through hole, and the resistance in the process of backward movement is reduced.
As an optimization, the top ends of the first material passing pipe 7 and the second material passing pipe 8 are respectively provided with a material bearing pipe 31, and the material bearing pipes 31 are continuously reduced from top to bottom in a truncated cone shape. The material bearing pipe is in a round table shape, so that compost manufacturing raw materials are convenient to place, and the device is further optimized.
The using method comprises the following steps:
When the device is used, as shown in figure 2, firstly, the livestock manure is put into the first feeding pipe, the straw is put into the second feeding pipe according to the weight ratio of 1:0.6, the straw is crushed into a required state under the action of the straw cutting device after being put into the mixing box, the straw is then fed into the mixing box through the mixing pipe and is stirred by the stirring device, a control valve on the total discharging pipe is opened after the stirring is finished, the mixed raw materials flow into the composting plate and are uniformly spread on the composting plate, the layer height is about 300mm, liquid fermentation bacteria agent is sprayed according to 5 per mill of the weight of the material pile, then 300mm high materials are spread, the bacteria liquid is sprayed again, the like repeatedly, after the materials are piled up to a proper position, the preheating system and the ventilation system are started for aerobic composting operation, after the cultivation is finished, the materials are pushed out through the push rod and the push plate, and then new materials are added for the production of the next period. In the whole process, except discharging, other steps can operate corresponding executing components through buttons, and straws are cut through a straw cutting device when entering the fermenting box, and a push rod is connected with an extension rod to manually push or connect with a reciprocating mechanism, so that the time required for manufacturing and producing the aerobic compost of agricultural wastes is shortened, the labor capacity of workers is reduced, and the fertilizer manufacturing efficiency is also improved in an up-in-down-out mode.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic composting fermenting case, includes box (1), set up compost board (2) in box (1), compost board (2) below sets up cloth trachea (3) and zymotic fluid discharge valve (4), compost board (2) top sets up thermometer (5) and hot-water line (6), cloth trachea (3), zymotic fluid discharge valve (4), thermometer (5), hot-water line (6) all are connected with box (1) adaptability, its characterized in that: the top wall of the box body (1) is provided with a first feeding pipe (7) and a second feeding pipe (8), the bottom ends of the first feeding pipe (7) and the second feeding pipe (8) are respectively provided with a mixing pipe (9), a mixing box (10) is arranged in the box body (1), the bottom ends of the mixing pipes (9) are respectively communicated with the mixing box (10), the bottom of the mixing box (10) is provided with a total discharging pipe (11), the bottom end of the total discharging pipe (11) is provided with a distributing pipe (12), the bottom of the distributing pipe (12) is provided with a plurality of discharging branch pipes (13), the distributing pipe (12) is provided with a fertilizer stirring device, and the fertilizer stirring device is matched with the mixing box (10);
Fermentation bacteria liquid spraying device (14) is arranged above the hot water pipe (6), a push plate (15) is arranged below the hot water pipe (6), a push rod (16) is arranged on one side of the push plate (15), one end, far away from the push plate (15), of the push rod (16) penetrates through the side wall of the box body (1) to be positioned outside the box body (1), a through hole (17) is formed in the side wall of the box body (1), an opening and closing door (18) is arranged at the through hole (17), and the through hole (17) and the opening and closing door (18) are both matched with the position of the push plate (15); the cross-sectional area of the push plate (15) is continuously enlarged from left to right;
a first motor (19) is arranged on the box body (1), a straw cutting device is arranged on the first motor (19), a notch (20) is arranged on the second feeding pipe (8), and the notch (20) is adapted to the straw cutting device;
The fertilizer stirring device comprises a second motor (21), a first rotating rod (22) is arranged on the second motor (21), a first bevel gear (23) is sleeved on the first rotating rod (22), a second bevel gear (24) is arranged on one side of the first bevel gear (23), the first bevel gear (23) is meshed with the second bevel gear (24), a second rotating rod (25) is arranged in a central hole of the second bevel gear (24), one end of the second rotating rod (25) penetrates through the side wall of the mixing box (10) and is positioned in the mixing box (10), a plurality of stirring rods (26) are arranged on the second rotating rod (25), and the stirring rods (26) are all positioned in the mixing box (10);
the second motor (21) is fixed by utilizing the structure of the material dividing pipe (12);
The straw cutting device comprises a third rotating rod (28) and a fourth rotating rod (29), wherein the first motor (19) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box body (1), the third rotating rod (28) is connected with the first motor (19), a belt is driven between the third rotating rod (28) and the fourth rotating rod (29), a cutting blade (30) is arranged at the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod (29), and the cutting blade (30) is located at the position of the notch (20).
2. An agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation tank according to claim 1, wherein: the first rotating rod (22) is provided with a bearing (27) with a seat, and the bearing (27) with a seat is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body (1).
3. An agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation tank according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the top ends of the first material passing pipe (7) and the second material passing pipe (8) are respectively provided with a material bearing pipe (31), and the material bearing pipes (31) are continuously reduced from top to bottom in a circular truncated cone shape.
CN201910143569.6A 2019-02-18 2019-02-18 Agricultural waste aerobic composting fermentation box Active CN109678575B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111995453B (en) * 2020-07-07 2021-11-12 金华市农业科学研究院 Interval discharge structure of agricultural organic solid waste fertilizer making fermentation machine
CN111943745B (en) * 2020-07-07 2021-12-21 金华市农业科学研究院 Agricultural organic solid waste fertilizer preparation fermentation equipment
CN112250493A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-01-22 安徽沃园生物科技有限公司 Breed discarded object fertilizer fermenting installation convenient to it is smashed
CN112899126B (en) * 2021-04-16 2023-10-20 湖南普菲克生物科技有限公司 Fermenting installation of bacillus subtilis microbial preparation
CN113430099A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-24 西安泓升博颂生物科技有限公司 Automatic oxygen supply device for agricultural straw fermentation box

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10120483A (en) * 1996-10-14 1998-05-12 Toko Tekko Kk Apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste
CN203890251U (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-10-22 贵州盛鼎生态农牧科技有限责任公司沿河分公司 Household organic fertilizer production device
CN206302772U (en) * 2016-11-02 2017-07-07 盱眙正泰永生物环境科技有限公司 A kind of straw millstone

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10120483A (en) * 1996-10-14 1998-05-12 Toko Tekko Kk Apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste
CN203890251U (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-10-22 贵州盛鼎生态农牧科技有限责任公司沿河分公司 Household organic fertilizer production device
CN206302772U (en) * 2016-11-02 2017-07-07 盱眙正泰永生物环境科技有限公司 A kind of straw millstone

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