JPH10120483A - Apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing fertilizer from various organic wastes on an arbitrary scale in high efficiency without causing offensive odor trouble to the environment by utilizing the action of aerobic microbes. SOLUTION: This fertilizer-producing apparatus is composed of a raw material receiving means 1 to receive a raw material containing organic wastes, a self-propelled stirring means 2, a stirring tank 3 holding the raw material containing organic wastes and accelerating the fermentation by stirring and aeration to form compost, air-blowing means 4 extended along the longitudinal direction of the bottom of the stirring tank at prescribed intervals at least from the raw material receiving part to the fermentation part and a fertilizer delivery means 5 formed at an end distant from the raw material receiving means 1 of the stirring tank 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste for efficiently converting an organic waste such as excrement of poultry and livestock, fish waste, garbage and the like into an organic fertilizer without generating odor pollution. Related to a fertilizer manufacturing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various apparatuses and methods for appropriately treating various organic wastes and composting them have been disclosed. In order to compost, it is necessary to efficiently ferment manure and garbage of livestock in the presence of aerobic microorganisms. Therefore, fermentation is promoted and composting is performed by placing a raw material consisting of organic waste and a moisture control material, such as straw waste, sawdust, rice hull, and the like, charged in the fermenter under predetermined conditions.

[0003] As a conventional composting apparatus, an apparatus in which the bottom of a fermentation tank is formed by a punching plate in order to adjust the water content of the raw material fed into the fermentation tank is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 64.
It is disclosed in JP-A-1435.

However, the bottom of the fixed punching plate is gradually clogged by manure and the like remaining in the gap between the stirring device and the bottom, making it difficult to remove water.
To solve such a situation, a technical idea of forming a movable bottom portion and performing brush cleaning and washing as necessary to maintain and use the water removing function for a long time is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-4-65382. It is disclosed in the gazette.

[0005] Further, the temperature of the cylindrical fermentation treatment tank is controlled, and kneading is performed while stirring with a screw and a rotary blade.
A technical idea of preparing a suitable composting material while suppressing the growth of psychrotrophs is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-199585.

Further, a technical idea of fermenting a compost material such as fishery processing waste under a pH condition adjusted to a predetermined range (JP-A-6-92764), a porous powder comprising calcium silicate in an organic waste material. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 6-144 discloses a technical idea of promoting ripeness by mixing grains.
No. 976.

[0007] Such various composting apparatuses or methods require expensive and large-scale facilities, and are intended to be carried out by a company, a union, or a public enterprise as an organic fertilizer manufacturing industry. -In terms of operation and maintenance, implementation by livestock farmers and ordinary farmers involves considerable difficulties in investment and other aspects.

In recent years, various types of garbage disposers for converting garbage discharged from ordinary households into organic fertilizer have appeared.
These are too small to allow farmers to process livestock excrement and the like.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an organic (quality)
Waste, for example, livestock excrement, garbage, fishery processing waste, food processing waste, refuse grains, rice bran, etc. as raw materials, without aggressive odor pollution in the surroundings, promote aerobic microorganisms by stirring aeration, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer production apparatus using organic waste, which can be efficiently fertilized on a suitable scale.

[0010]

As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for producing a fertilizer using organic waste according to the present invention comprises: a raw material receiving means 1 for receiving a raw material containing organic waste;
A self-propelled stirrer 2 is provided, which stirs an organic raw material, promotes fermentation by stirring and aeration, and converts the fertilizer into fertilizer. At least a raw material receiving unit 1 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the bottom of the stirring tank. Air blowing means 4 arranged at a predetermined interval from to the fermentation section, and the raw material receiving means 1 of the stirring tank 3
And a fertilizer take-out means 5 formed on the end side remote from the fertilizer.

In this fertilizer production apparatus, the whole apparatus of the above combination is covered with an airtight dome 10 and its exhaust portion has a deodorizing means for reducing or deodorizing the odor generated during the progress of fermentation in the stirring tank 3. 6 can be added. In this case, it is desirable that the raw material receiving section and the fertilizer take-out section 5 of the raw material receiving means 1 be configured so that the object can be achieved without opening and closing the entrance of the hermetic dome 10.

The stirring tank 3 in such a fertilizer production apparatus
Is large in length with respect to the width, and may be, for example, 15 to 50 m. The structural material is not limited, but for long-term use in the presence of various corrosive substances in the contents,
It is desirable to use reinforced concrete.

In this case, both side wall members having a predetermined length and an L-shaped cross section formed by the left and right side walls and a part of the bottom can be manufactured at the factory. The bottom portion can be cast on site according to the L-shaped bottom portion in accordance with the width of the stirring tank 3 determined by various conditions of the installation place.
Since a traveling rail for the self-propelled stirring device 2 is laid on the top of both side wall members of the stirring tank 3, the construction period can be significantly reduced by manufacturing the side wall members in advance in a factory. it can.

The self-propelled stirrer 2 installed in the stirrer tank 3 has running wheels running on rails at the tops of both side walls, and endless wheels rotating along a frame inclined from the running portion to the bottom. A so-called scoop stirrer having a stirrer 22 is suitable. In this case, it is convenient that the stirring blades 21 formed in the endless stirring section 22 have irregular lengths.

Further, the air blowing pipe 4 provided at the bottom of the stirring tank 3 can be, for example, a plastic pipe having a large number of air holes, and sends compressed air from an air compressor to the bottom of the stirring tank 3. Activates aerobic microorganisms and promotes fermentation.

Therefore, the air blowing pipe 4 is disposed at least at the bottom from the vicinity of the raw material receiving portion, which is organic waste, to the fermentation portion. Naturally, the longest stirring blade is arranged so as not to contact the air blowing pipe 4 when the stirring device 2 passes through the upper part.

The airtight dome 10 covering the entire apparatus by such a combination may be of various structures, for example, may be made of a vinyl house or plastic, but may be made of weather or other location conditions, for example, a heavy snowfall area or a typhoon. It is desirable to determine in consideration of whether the area is a high attack area, a cold area or a warm area. In consideration of durability, it is desirable to use a dome using a steel arched frame. With such a structure, there is an advantage that the structure can be easily handled according to the length of the stirring tank 3.

The airtight dome 10 has an effect of adjusting fermentation conditions by controlling temperature and humidity, and it is desirable to provide a forced ventilation device. In this case, the exhaust part requires the deodorizing means 6. This is to prevent the spread of offensive odor to the surroundings, and various methods such as an absorption type using activated carbon or the like, an ozone type, a chemical reaction type and the like can be adopted as deodorizing means.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be disclosed in accordance with preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. 2A and 2B show an embodiment of the fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention, and the same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the side structure of the fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2A is almost the same as that shown in FIG. It is covered by the dome 10.

The deodorizing means 6 is mounted above the airtight dome 10, and the air inside the dome containing various odor components is discharged to the atmosphere via an exhaust pipe 61. The stirring tank 3
It is roughly divided into a raw material input section, a fermentation section, and a fertilizer conversion section, but the boundaries of each section are not necessarily clear.

Incidentally, from an appropriate position on the bottom of the stirring tank 3,
It is convenient to add a function of extracting excess water to the outside or recirculating it to the upper surface of the fermentation section. In the fermentation section, self-heating occurs during fermentation, and the temperature becomes about 40 to 60 ° C. Since such humidity and temperature are closely related to the rate of progress of fermentation and fertilization, it should be automatically controlled to be in the optimum range in consideration of the type of organic waste, season, outdoor temperature and humidity, etc. It is desirable to configure.

FIG. 2B is a plan view of the fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and discloses a configuration in which two stirring tanks 3A and 3B are provided in the airtight dome 10. The raw material mainly composed of organic waste sequentially moves in the direction of arrow a by the action of the stirring means 2 to continue fermentation, and while being fertilized, arrow b.
It is moved out and finally taken out as fertilizer.

Although the airtight dome 10 has a substantially square floor surface for the sake of illustration, it is usually longer than the vertical direction. In addition, the airtight dome 10
It is also possible to provide an arbitrary number of stirring tanks 3 in two or more. In this case, by arranging a large number of stirring tanks for fertilizer production, it is possible to produce a large-scale fertilizer, and partly as a stirring tank for fertilizer production and another for stirring for feed production. It can also be a tank.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the stirring device 2 in the fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. This stirrer 2 stirs the raw material or fertilized portion on the left side of the figure,
The stirring blade 2 to be transferred to the fertilizer removal means 5 on the right side of the figure.
Endless stirrer 22 including the first and second side walls 31 of the stirring tank
The traveling device 23 is configured to travel on the rail 32 fixed thereon as indicated by a double-headed arrow a.

If the stirring blades 21 are irregular in length as described above, the residual near the bottom is reduced, and the raw material or fertilized portion is smoothly transferred to the fertilizer take-out means 5 side. This increases the stirring effect, which is convenient.

The stirring blade 21 of the stirring section 22 is moved by upper and lower sprockets 24 and 25 as shown by arrows, and transfers raw materials and fertilizer (not shown) from the lower left to the right.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the structure near the bottom of the stirring tank 3. At the bottom of the stirring tank 3, an air blowing pipe 4 having a large number of air holes 41 is provided. The air sent from the air compressor is blown.

The air from the air blowing tube 4 activates aerobic microorganisms and has an effect of promoting fermentation. Further, the required fermentation period can be controlled by the air blowing state in the same manner as the temperature control described later.

In this example, a natural stone S of an appropriate size and a punching plate P are arranged around the air blowing pipe 4, but consideration is given to reducing clogging by organic waste materials. It was done. Other appropriate means can be easily selected.

FIG. 5 shows a side wall member 31 constituting the stirring tank 3.
It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the left side unit of S. A rail 32 for mounting wheels of the traveling portion of the stirring device 2 is attached to the side wall top 31T. It has a substantially L-shaped cross section that forms part of the left side wall and the bottom,
A unit length of, for example, 5 m, 7 m or the like in consideration of the convenience of construction is produced in a factory in advance, and a required number and length of these can be combined to form a stirring tank having a desired length and width.

By manufacturing the both side wall portions at the factory, (1) the side wall members 31S are installed on a previously prepared foundation, and only the bottom portion is required to be cast in place, so that the construction period is greatly reduced. , (2) Width change depends on local terrain, purpose,
(3) Since the solidification of the side wall member is completed, the curing period is almost unnecessary, and the installation and adjustment work of the stirring device 2 can be started in a short time after the installation is completed. And the like, and the total construction period can be significantly reduced.

FIG. 6 repeatedly shows the appearance of the hermetic dome 10 of the fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. The hopper 12 of the raw material receiving section 1 on the left side of the figure is transported by a dump truck or other appropriate transportation means. Accept the raw materials that have come off. It is desirable to provide a lid (not shown) for closing this portion from the viewpoint of hygiene and prevention of odor diffusion except at the time of introduction.

At the bottom of the hopper 12, the lower end of a suitable conveying means (not shown) such as a screw conveyor or a bucket conveyor is located.
It is thrown in near the throwing section. In addition, this transport means includes
It is desirable to take care that the odor in the airtight dome 10 is not released to the outside.

Further, the fertilizer take-out part 5 at the right end in FIG.
Is to transport the ripe fertilizer to the outside of the airtight dome 10, and care is taken not to release the internal odor as in the case of the charging section. A drying device may be incorporated in the fertilizer take-out section 5 as necessary, and the semi-dry fertilizer may be taken out by removing water as much as possible.

It is also possible to add a fertilizer which is sufficiently dried and completely dried from the fertilizer take-out section 5 and granulates the fertilizer, a bag, a container, and other devices for filling the container with the fertilizer. it can. FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB showing the relationship with the airtight dome 10 in the example in which the two stirring tanks 3A and 3B are provided.

[0037]

The fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a simple, inexpensive, easy-to-maintain and low-failure apparatus, and is capable of removing a wide range of organic waste such as livestock excrement, food processing waste, fishery processing waste, and garbage. Fertilizer can be used. Also, the scale of the apparatus can be easily set by appropriately selecting the width and length of the stirring tank, and by selecting the number of stations to be installed.

According to this fertilizer manufacturing apparatus, the odor in the space surrounded by the airtight building is discharged to the outside only through the deodorizing device, and the odor is practically used by appropriately utilizing the deodorizing principle according to the contained components. It can be reduced so that there is no problem. The output form of the fertilizer can be appropriately selected from those containing a large amount of moisture, those in a semi-dry state, those in a completely dry state, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration example of a fertilizer production device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view (A) and a plan view (B) showing the configuration of a preferred embodiment of the fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a stirring device of the fertilizer production device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of an embodiment of an air blowing means at the bottom of the stirring tank of the fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a side wall member of a stirring tank of the fertilizer production device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (A) showing the overall external configuration of the fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention, and a view (B) of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 raw material receiving means 2 stirring means 3, 3A, 3B stirring tank 4 air blowing means 5 fertilizer taking out means 6 deodorizing means 10 airtight building (airtight dome) 12 hopper 21 stirring blade 22 stirring device 23 traveling device 24, 25 Sprocket 31, 31S Side wall member 31T Side wall top 32 Rail 41 Air hole 61 Exhaust tube P Punching plate S Natural stone

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A raw material receiving means for receiving a raw material containing an organic waste, and a self-propelled stirring means, containing a raw material containing an organic waste, promoting a fermentation action by stirring and aeration, and adding a fertilizer. Tank, and air blowing means arranged at a predetermined interval from at least the raw material receiving section to the fermentation section along the longitudinal direction of the bottom of the stirring tank,
And a fertilizer taking-out means formed at an end of the stirring tank far from the raw material receiving means. 2. The apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste according to claim 1, wherein both side walls forming the stirring tank are produced in advance in a factory. 3. The apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the stirring blades formed in the endless stirring means of the stirring device are irregular in length. 4. The organic waste fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one or more sets of the whole fertilizer manufacturing apparatus are surrounded by an airtight dome. 5. The apparatus for producing fertilizer from organic waste according to claim 1, wherein a deodorizing means is provided in an exhaust part for ventilating the airtight dome.