CN109673547A - A kind of propagation method of fancy carp - Google Patents
A kind of propagation method of fancy carp Download PDFInfo
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- CN109673547A CN109673547A CN201910132142.6A CN201910132142A CN109673547A CN 109673547 A CN109673547 A CN 109673547A CN 201910132142 A CN201910132142 A CN 201910132142A CN 109673547 A CN109673547 A CN 109673547A
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- hatching
- mesh sheet
- parent population
- fancy carp
- fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to fancy carps to cultivate field, and in particular to a kind of propagation method of fancy carp.By obtaining fish-egg using the method that artificial disposable celiac injects ocyodinic to fancy carp female parent population, the ecbolic effect time of ocyodinic of the present invention is 11-20h, and weight Relative Curvature is about 98.16/g.Then conventional dry insemination is carried out according to the ratio of semen diluent and the volume ratio 1:2 or 3:4 of ovum, 1-2min is waited after fish-egg insemination, artificial paving ovum is carried out immediately after, its method is that mesh sheet or hatching cup are hatched in slowly movement, it is attached to fish-egg averagely in hatching mesh sheet to greatest extent, reduces fish-egg overlapping or omits in hatching barrel.Seed rearing is carried out after artificial incubation.The rate of fertilization average out to 98.47% of fancy carp propagation method of the invention, hatching rate average out to 87.52%, the death rate of postpartum parent population are 0.Biological control and promotion fine quality to fancy carp select excellent rate to be of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish culture fields, and in particular to a kind of propagation method of fancy carp.
Background technique
In recent years, fancy carp was a kind of standby large-scale fancy fishes being received by the market.The fish is with its robust body, gorgeous
Color, magnificent speckle, graceful stroke, docile habit and enjoy great prestige in the world, be known as " living gemstone in water ", " can swim
The art work of swimming ".But the method that the artificial fecundation method of fancy carp continues to use always edible carp at present, fertility rate and hatchability
It is not high.
Due to its stronger ornamental value, the purpose for breeding fancy carp is often desirable to obtain the individual of higher quality fancy carp, this with
The purpose of breeding of food fish be pursue a greater amount of offsprings and faster growth rate is different, therefore with the propagation method for eating carp come
Fancy carp is bred, the higher fancy carp of quality can not be often obtained；It in addition, cannot picture also due to fancy carp parent population is more precious, it is high to be worth
Edible fancy carp selects a tail male parent population to be bred with more tail female parent populations according to certain female-male proportion like that.Another side
Face, during fertilized eggs artificial incubation, the prior art is by the way of artificial fish nest, because water flow is unsmooth, not easy to clean etc.
Reason is easy to cause fertilized eggs dead.Therefore, by production practices, the propagation method of a set of fancy carp is innovated, to the rule of the kind
Modelling breeding and promotion fine quality select excellent rate to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, it the present invention provides a kind of raising fancy carp rate of fertilization, hatching rate and can obtain numerous
The propagation method of fancy carp kind and the fancy carp of more preferable condition.
To achieve the goals above, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of propagation method of fancy carp, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection is physical strong, strain feature is obvious, sexually matured female, male fancy carp parent population；
(2) female, male fancy carp parent population divides Chi Peiyu, feeds artifical compound feed；Female parent population is injected using disposable celiac
The method of ocyodinic carries out artificial induced spawning；
(3) sperm for obtaining single or a plurality of male fancy carp parent population, dilutes after mixing；Obtain single or a plurality of female fancy carp
The ovum of parent population, mixing；Dry method insemination is carried out according to volume ratio (1:2)-(3:4) ratio of semen diluent and ovum；
(4) artificial incubation is not provided with airstone, setting hatching mesh sheet in hatchery；
(5) seed rearing: after artificial incubation, hatching mesh sheet is hung in hatchery, is hatched between having 10-15cm between mesh sheet
Gap removes hatching net after fry whole membrane.
In above method step (2) of the invention, the breeding density of parent population is 3-5 tail/m3, artifical compound feed is fed,
Forage protein is 30-35%, and day feeding rate is 5-7%, and feeds 1 mochi daily, and mochi additive amount is 15-20g/
Tail.
In step (2), culture pond water temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pH 6.5-8, dissolved oxygen 5-7mg/L, and is equipped with oxygen gas head,
Do not stop oxygenation for 24 hours.
In step (2), the ocyodinic is by carp pituitary (PG), human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), luteotropin
Releasing hormone (LHRH-A2) be added physiological saline in, make concentration of the three in physiological saline be respectively 3mg/mL PG,
500IU/mL HCG、35μg/mL LHRH-A2, obtain containing PG, HCG, LHRH-A2Normal saline solution；It is sent out according to female parent population
Educate the ocyodinic of degree injection 0.5-1mL.
In the step of fancy carp propagation method of the present invention (3), the ratio of the volume ratio 1:2 or 3:4 of semen diluent and ovum into
The insemination of row dry method；Male parent population of the sperm from same strain or different lines, the ovum come from same strain or difference
The female parent population of strain, fish-egg can not encounter water, and meeting water change can adhere to.The semen diluent is that conventional method in that art is conventional
It is required that the semen diluent after being diluted to sperm.Such as it is diluted with the physiological saline of 0.65% or 0.7%, thinner ratio
Example is 1:1.3-1:1.5.
Other steps of artificial insemination are carried out referring to the correlation technique of carp.
Hatchery specification is long 6-8m, width 4-6m, depth 0.8-1m in the step of fancy carp propagation method of the present invention (4)；Water temperature
It is 20-23 DEG C, pH value 6.5-8, dissolved oxygen is 5mg/L or more, uninterrupted oxygenation.
The tool of production that fancy carp artificial incubation needs: (1) hatching barrel: non-toxic and tasteless for polythene material, shape is diameter
The cylindrical type of 1-1.5m, deep 0.8-1m；Hatching barrel is not provided with airstone, avoids influencing manually spreading ovum；(2) hatch mesh sheet, net
Piece is 80-100 mesh, and mesh sheet specification is 60-100cm, is convenient for manual operation；(3) hatch cup and writing brush: hatching cup specification is 300-
500ml。
In step (4), the operating method of artificial incubation: technical staff A both hands hold two broadsides of hatching mesh sheet respectively,
And entire mesh sheet is immersed in hatching barrel, hatchery water is placed in hatching barrel, the depth of water is about 80cm, and technical staff A is held
Hatching mesh sheet is immersed in hatching barrel and slowly shakes under water, and technical staff's B left hand holds hatching cup, and the right hand holds writing brush, will hatch cup
Middle fish-egg is slowly dispersed in hatching mesh sheet, and residue is hatched the fertilized eggs brush on cup in hatching mesh sheet with writing brush, repeatedly
Above-mentioned movement is repeated, hatching is completed.
In operating process, it is intended to slowly mobile hatching mesh sheet or hatching cup, fish-egg is allow to be averaged to greatest extent attachment
In hatching mesh sheet, reduces fish-egg overlapping or omit in hatching barrel.
In the step of fancy carp propagation method of the present invention (5), carried out disinfection during incubating oosperm with 3%-5% salt water, to
It is not sterilized after fish hair eye, for preventing and treating water mo(u)ld.
In the step of fancy carp propagation method of the present invention (5), newly hatched larvae using pool wall surrounding splash soya-bean milk method carry out
It feeds.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) present invention improves over the formulas of hastening parturition of artificial induced spawning, select 3mg/mL PG+500IU/mL HCG+35 μ g/mL
LHRH-A2Normal saline solution as ocyodinic, after the injection of female parent population disposable celiac, the ecbolic effect time is 11-
20h, weight Relative Curvature are about 98.16/g, and the death rate of postpartum parent population is 0.
(2) present invention for the first time using after dilution sperm and ovum inseminate method according to the dry method of certain volume ratio, according to 1:2 or
The smart egg volume ratio of 3:4, can not waste sperm to the maximum extent and can guarantee that ovum can sufficiently be fertilized, rate of fertilization average out to
98.47%.
(3) during artificial incubation, the look for another way above-mentioned artificial incubation operating method of use of the present invention can be protected
It is unobstructed to demonstrate,prove water flow, oxygen is sufficient, reduces the rate of fertilization death rate, comprehensive holistic approach of the invention, so that hatching rate reaches
87.52%.
The present invention has the effect of excellent for improving the variety source of the breeding potential of fancy carp, abundant fancy carp, is conducive to this
The large-scale cultivation of fish and popularization.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Unless otherwise specified, embodiment
Used in the conventional means that are well known to those skilled in the art of technological means, raw materials used, reagent, drug are commercially available quotient
Product.
The propagation method of 1 fancy carp of embodiment
1, parent population selection and Sex judging
4-6 age male and female parent population is selected, parent population requirement is physical strong, strain feature is obvious, sexal maturity.
Male and female parent population identify: the male parent population of female parent's fish body type is plentiful, and female parent's fish belly portion is larger and mellow and full, gonopore evagination and
Redness, male parent population gently press abdomen to have a small amount of milky sperm outflow.
2, it parent fish rearing and hastens parturition
Female, male parent population divides Chi Peiyu: culture pond specification is long 6-8m, width 4-6m, depth 1.2-1.5m.Breeding density is every pond
10-15 tail feeds artifical compound feed, and forage protein 30-35%, day feeding rate is 5-7%, and feeds 1 glutinous rice daily
Group.Culture pond water temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pH value 6.5-8, dissolved oxygen 5-7mg/L, and is equipped with oxygen gas head, does not stop to increase for 24 hours
Oxygen.
Parent population using artificial disposable celiac injecting method carry out artificial induced spawning, hasten parturition formula for by carp pituitary (PG),
Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH-A2) sequentially add in physiological saline, so that three is existed
Concentration in physiological saline is respectively 3mg/mL PG, 500IU/mL HCG, 35 μ g/mL LHRH-A2, journey is developed according to female parent population
Degree injection 0.5-1mL ocyodinic, male parent population do not have to generally inject.This formula is after largely cultivating proof, when ecbolic effect
Between be 11-20h, weight Relative Curvature is about 98.16/g, and the death rate of postpartum parent population is 0.
3, artificial insemination
Conventional dry insemination is carried out using smart ovum proportion technique, according to the maturity of fish-egg, ratio is sperm: ovum=
1:2 or 3:4, it is ensured that ovum is sufficiently inseminated.
Method of other steps of artificial insemination referring to carp.Rate of fertilization is average out to 98.47%.After fish-egg artificial insemination etc.
To 1-2min, artificial paving ovum is carried out immediately after, and method is slow mobile hatching mesh sheet or hatching cup, keeps fish-egg maximum
Being averaged for limit is attached in hatching mesh sheet, is reduced fish-egg overlapping or is omitted in hatching barrel.
4, artificial incubation
Hatchery specification is long 6-8m, width 4-6m, depth 0.8-1.Water temperature is 20-23 DEG C, pH value 6.5-8, dissolved oxygen
For 5mg/L or more, and it is equipped with oxygen gas head, does not stop oxygenation for 24 hours.
The tool of production that fancy carp artificial incubation needs: (1) hatching barrel: non-toxic and tasteless for polythene material, shape is diameter
The cylindrical type of 1-1.5m, deep 0.8-1m.Hatching barrel, which summarizes, is not provided with airstone, and prevention and treatment influences artificial paving ovum.(2) hatch net
Piece, mesh sheet are 80-100 mesh, and mesh sheet specification is 60-100cm, are convenient for manual operation.(3) hatch cup and writing brush: hatching cup specification
Usually 300-500ml, writing brush are usually medium size specification.
The operating method of artificial incubation: technical staff A both hands hold two broadsides of hatching mesh sheet respectively, and by entire net
Piece is immersed in hatching barrel, and hatchery water is placed in hatching barrel, and the depth of water is about 80cm, and technical staff A holds hatching mesh sheet leaching
It is slowly shaken under water in hatching barrel, technical staff's B left hand holds hatching cup, and the right hand holds writing brush, and fish-egg in hatching cup is slow
It is dispersed in hatching mesh sheet, and residue is hatched into the fertilized eggs brush on cup in hatching mesh sheet with writing brush.It is repeated several times above-mentioned dynamic
Make, completes hatching.Hatching rate reaches 87.52%.
5, seed rearing
After artificial incubation, hatching mesh sheet is hung in hatchery with more solid rope, it is desirable that have 10- between hatching mesh sheet
The gap of 15cm guarantees water flow in general, dissolved oxygen is sufficient.It is carried out disinfection during incubating oosperm with 3-5% salt water, sends out eye to fish
It does not sterilize afterwards, for preventing and treating water mo(u)ld.After about 5-7d, the flat trip of fry rupture of membranes moves hatching mesh sheet when seed whole membrane
Walk, newly hatched larvae using pool wall surrounding splash soya-bean milk and method is fed.
Comparative example 1
(2003) such as Chen Jian rewards have studied fancy carp artificial propagation and seed breeding technique, and publish in " fresh water fishing
Industry " 28-30 pages of the phase of periodical 2003 volume 33 the 1st.It is the insemination of fancy carp fish-egg with the most significant difference of the method for the present invention and incubates
Change method, particular technique method and test result are as follows:
1, fish-egg Insemination procedures
Test filters out 5 groups of parent populations from peasant household pond, and female parent's fish body weight is 1.5kg/ tail, and female and male ratio is 1:3.It takes
Selected parent population is moved into spawning pond when water temperature rises to 16-18 DEG C by the method for natural propagation.It is arranged in spawning pond artificial
Fish nest, method be by water hyacinth it is clean, remove rotten root and rotten leaf, carry out disinfection again after airing, then put into spawning pond in,
Supply volume is that each spawning pond is 40-60 plants each, it is made to be uniformly distributed in the water surface.
2, hatch fish roe method
After parent population has produced ovum, the artificial fish nest with fertilized eggs is taken out, 5min is impregnated with 5-7% saline solution and moves back
Hatchery.
3, test result
During test, 50.4 ten thousand, common property ovum.By the way that weight absolute mean strong ergodic 67.2/g of average out to is calculated, it is fertilized
Egg hatching rate is about 80%, and the fish-egg Insemination procedures used by comparative example 1 can not count rate of fertilization for method of inseminating naturally.
In the methods of the invention, conventional manual is carried out according to the ratio of semen diluent and the volume ratio 1:2 or 3:4 of ovum to do
Method insemination.1-2min is waited after fish-egg artificial insemination, carries out artificial paving ovum immediately after, and method hatches mesh sheet to be slowly mobile
Or hatching cup, it is attached to fish-egg averagely in hatching mesh sheet to greatest extent, reduces fish-egg overlapping or omit in hatching barrel
In.By statistics, weight Relative Curvature is about 98.16/g, hatchability of fertile eggs 87.52%, respectively higher than comparative example
46.07%, 9.4%.
Comparative example 2
Beam support the army etc. (2008) have studied fancy carp parent fish rearing and seed propagation in scale technology, and publish in
193-196 pages of the phase of " aquatic science and technology information " periodical 2008 volume 35 the 4th.It is that fish-egg is inseminated with the most significant difference of the present invention
And hatching method, particular technique method and test result are as follows:
1, fish-egg insemination and hatching method
After injecting ocyodinic, it will be put into spawning pond with kind parent population by sex ration 1:1-3 combo, every pond l group, when it is opened
When beginning chases oviposition, raun is pulled out after being anaesthetized with anesthetic, dry body surface water with dry towel, it is light that abdomen is pressed to keep ovum person who lives in exile dry
In washbowl, then the sperm of milter is squeezed thereon with same method, is stirred evenly with the feather of disinfection, it will fertilization after 2-3min
Ovum is uniformly sprinkling upon on the fish nest in hatchery.
2, test result
The quantity of ovum artificial collection, weight absolute mean strong ergodic 80/g of average out to are counted by sampling, rate of fertilization is
92.38%, hatchability of fertile eggs 64.77%.
In the methods of the invention, conventional manual is carried out according to the ratio of semen diluent and the volume ratio 1:2 or 3:4 of ovum to do
Method insemination.1-2min is waited after fish-egg artificial insemination, carries out artificial paving ovum immediately after, and method hatches mesh sheet to be slowly mobile
Or hatching cup, it is attached to fish-egg averagely in hatching mesh sheet to greatest extent, reduces fish-egg overlapping or omit in hatching barrel
In.By statistics, weight Relative Curvature is about 98.16/g, rate of fertilization 98.47%, and hatchability of fertile eggs is
87.52%, respectively higher than comparative example 22.70%, 6.59%, 35.12%.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of propagation method of fancy carp, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selection is physical strong, strain feature is obvious, sexually matured female, male fancy carp parent population；
(2) female, male fancy carp parent population divides Chi Peiyu, feeds artifical compound feed；Female parent population is hastened parturition using disposable celiac injection
The method of agent carries out artificial induced spawning；
(3) sperm for obtaining single or a plurality of male fancy carp parent population, dilutes after mixing；Obtain single or a plurality of female fancy carp parent population
Ovum, mixing；Dry method insemination is carried out according to volume ratio (1:2)-(3:4) ratio of semen diluent and ovum；
(4) artificial incubation is not provided with airstone, setting hatching mesh sheet in hatchery；
(5) seed rearing: after artificial incubation, hatching mesh sheet is hung in hatchery, hatches the gap for having 10-15cm between mesh sheet,
After fry whole membrane, hatching net is removed.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the breeding density of parent population is 3-5 tail/m in step (2)3, throw
Artifical compound feed is fed, forage protein 30-35%, day feeding rate is 5-7%, and feeds 1 mochi daily, and mochi adds
Dosage is 15-20g/ tail.
3. pH is the method according to claim 1, wherein culture pond water temperature is 20-25 DEG C in step (2)
6.5-8, dissolved oxygen 5-7mg/L, and it is equipped with oxygen gas head, do not stop oxygenation for 24 hours.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the ocyodinic be by carp pituitary PG,
Human chorionic gonadotrophin HCG, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone LHRH-A2It is added in physiological saline, makes three in physiological saline
In concentration be respectively 3mg/mL PG, 500IU/mL HCG, 35 μ g/mL LHRH-A2, obtain containing PG, HCG, LHRH-A2's
Normal saline solution；The ocyodinic of 0.5-1mL is injected according to female parent population development degree.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step (3), the volume ratio 1:2 of semen diluent and ovum
Or the ratio of 3:4 carries out dry method insemination；Male parent population of the sperm from same strain or different lines, the ovum is from same
The female parent population of one strain or different lines.
6. -5 any method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), hatchery specification be long 6-8m,
Wide 4-6m, depth 0.8-1m；Water temperature is 22-25 DEG C, pH value 6.5-8, and dissolved oxygen is 5mg/L or more, uninterrupted oxygenation.
7. -5 any method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tool of production that fancy carp artificial incubation needs: (1)
Hatching barrel: non-toxic and tasteless for polythene material, shape is the cylindrical type of diameter 1-1.5m, deep 0.8-1m；Hatching barrel is not provided with increasing
Oxygen stone avoids influencing manually spreading ovum；(2) hatch mesh sheet, mesh sheet is 80-100 mesh, and mesh sheet specification is 60-100cm, is convenient for people
Work operation；(3) hatch cup and writing brush: hatching cup specification is 300-500ml.
8. -5 any method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the operating method of artificial incubation:
Technical staff A both hands hold two broadsides of hatching mesh sheet respectively, and entire mesh sheet is immersed in hatching barrel, put in hatching barrel
There is hatchery water, the depth of water is about 80cm, and technical staff A holding hatching mesh sheet is immersed in hatching barrel and slowly shakes under water, technology people
Member's B left hand holds hatching cup, and the right hand holds writing brush, fish-egg in hatching cup is slowly dispersed in hatching mesh sheet, and will with writing brush
Fertilized eggs brush on residue hatching cup is repeated several times above-mentioned movement, completes hatching in hatching mesh sheet.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, using 3-5% salt water during incubating oosperm in step (5)
It carries out disinfection, is not sterilized after fish sends out eye, for preventing and treating water mo(u)ld.
10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, newly hatched larvae is splashed using pool wall surrounding in step (5)
The method of soya-bean milk is fed.
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| CN110269011A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 天津农学院 | A kind of method of fancy carp cement pit breeding and high density seed rearing |
| CN111657187A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 徐州市贾汪区佳顺水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for artificially breeding fancy carps |
| CN111700006A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-25 | 徐州市贾汪区佳顺水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for artificially incubating fancy carps |
| CN113994901A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Method for breeding koi randomly infected offspring seeds |
| CN114223581A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-25 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Reproduction method capable of improving incubation rate of fancy carps |
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2019
- 2019-02-22 CN CN201910132142.6A patent/CN109673547B/en active Active
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110269011A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 天津农学院 | A kind of method of fancy carp cement pit breeding and high density seed rearing |
| CN111657187A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 徐州市贾汪区佳顺水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for artificially breeding fancy carps |
| CN111700006A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-25 | 徐州市贾汪区佳顺水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for artificially incubating fancy carps |
| CN113994901A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Method for breeding koi randomly infected offspring seeds |
| CN114223581A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-25 | 天津市金水族水产养殖有限公司 | Reproduction method capable of improving incubation rate of fancy carps |
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|---|---|
| CN109673547B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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