CN109651589A - 一种含n、p阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含n、p阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109651589A
CN109651589A CN201811524760.7A CN201811524760A CN109651589A CN 109651589 A CN109651589 A CN 109651589A CN 201811524760 A CN201811524760 A CN 201811524760A CN 109651589 A CN109651589 A CN 109651589A
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姚伯龙
陈昆
刘嘉成
胡旭灿
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Abstract

一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，属于高分子材料技术领域。本发明通过六氯环三磷氰与三聚氰胺发生取代反应生成阻燃的十二臂型阻燃单体，然后合成多臂型阻燃水性聚氨酯。磷腈类化合物其结构中的磷、氮元素具有协同阻燃效应，故可得到较好的热稳定性和阻燃性能，而且在热分解时不产生毒性较大的物质，符合人们对阻燃剂低毒、低污染、低腐蚀性的要求。

Description

一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法
技术领域
本发明一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，涉及一种多臂型水性聚氨酯的制备方法，具体内容是十二臂型阻燃单体的制备和阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备，属于高分子材料技术领域。
背景技术
材料的阻燃是长期以来科学研究中的重要课题。传统卤素阻燃剂在阻燃过程中会产生有毒物质，为了满足目前对环境保护的要求，阻燃剂的无卤化已成为发展趋势。近年来，含磷阻燃剂因其优异的阻燃性能，逐渐成为研究者的研究热点。环三磷腈化合物是一类由磷、氮原子以单、双键交替键合而成的环状化合物，分子中有三个磷原子，通过在磷原子上连接不同的官能团，得到不同的功能性化合物。磷腈类化合物其结构中的磷、氮元素具有协同阻燃效应，故可得到较好的热稳定性和阻燃性能，而且在热分解时不产生毒性较大的物质，符合人们对阻燃剂低毒、低污染、低腐蚀性的要求。
发明内容
本发明在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法。该方法中通过六氯环三磷氰与三聚氰胺发生取代反应生成阻燃的十二臂型阻燃单体，然后合成多臂型阻燃水性聚氨酯。
本发明的技术方案：一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）十二臂型阻燃单体的制备：加入适量的六氯环三磷氰到装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，然后加入与氯等摩尔的缚酸剂，加热到90℃，再取一定量的三聚氰胺用适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮超声溶解，滴加到反应烧瓶中，反应13h。再将产物抽滤，得到固体用乙醇和去离子水各洗三遍，离心，抽滤，放入真空烘箱中干燥24h，得到淡黄色粉末，即为一种十二臂型阻燃单体。
该合成步骤中缚酸剂可以为碳酸钾，碳酸钠，三乙胺中的一种。
（2）水性阻燃聚氨酯的制备：称取适量的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）放入装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡（DBTDL），通入氮气。第一步滴加一定量的聚碳酸酯二元醇（PCDL）和端羟基聚醚改性硅油（PDMS），加热到45℃，反应2.5h。第二步升温到67℃，滴加一定量的2，2-二羟甲基丁酸（DMPA），反应3h。第三步加入4-甲氧基苯酚（MEHQ），滴加一定量的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯（PETA），反应4h。第四步滴加一定量的上述自制的十二臂型阻燃单体，反应5h。第五步让温度降至室温，在600r/min高速搅拌下加入适量的三乙胺（TEA），反应35min。最后，加入一定量的去离子水进行乳化，高速搅拌2h后，静置24h，得到淡蓝色的含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯。
本发明的有益效果：所得产品具有较好的热稳定性和阻燃性能，而且在热分解时不产生毒性较大的物质，符合人们对阻燃剂低毒、低污染、低腐蚀性的要求。
具体实施方式
实施例1
（1）一种十二臂型阻燃单体的制备：加入10.41g的六氯环三磷氰到装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入20mL的N-甲基吡咯烷酮搅拌溶解，然后加入24.84g的碳酸钾，加热到90℃，再取22.68g的三聚氰胺用20mL的N-甲基吡咯烷酮超声溶解，以2滴每秒的速度滴加到反应烧瓶中，反应13h。反应结束将产物抽滤，得到固体用乙醇和去离子水各洗三遍，离心，抽滤，放入真空烘箱中干燥24h，得到淡黄色粉末，即为一种十二臂型阻燃单体。
（2）一种水性阻燃聚氨酯的制备：称取35.56g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）放入装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入12-15滴二月桂酸二丁基锡（DBTDL），通入氮气。第一步滴加32g的聚碳酸酯二元醇（PCDL）和13.45g的端羟基聚醚改性硅油（PDMS），加热到45℃，反应2.5h。第二步升温到67℃，滴加5.36g的2，2-二羟甲基丁酸（DMPA），反应3h。第三步加入3-4滴4-甲氧基苯酚（MEHQ），滴加12g的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯（PETA），反应4h。第四步滴加2.1g的上述自制的十二臂型阻燃单体，反应5h。第五步让温度降至室温，在高速搅拌下加入4.6g的三乙胺（TEA），反应35min。最后，加入200g的去离子水进行乳化，高速搅拌2h后，静置24h，得到淡蓝色的含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯。

Claims (3)

1.一种含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
（1）十二臂型阻燃单体的制备：加入适量的六氯环三磷氰到装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，然后加入与氯等摩尔的缚酸剂，加热到90℃；再取一定量的三聚氰胺用适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮超声溶解，滴加到反应烧瓶中，反应13h；再将产物抽滤，所得固体用乙醇及去离子水各洗三遍，离心，抽滤，放入真空烘箱中干燥24h，得到淡黄色粉末，即为一种十二臂型阻燃单体；
（2）阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备：称取适量的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI放入装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入二月桂酸二丁基锡DBTDL，通入氮气；第一步滴加一定量的聚碳酸酯二元醇PCDL和端羟基聚醚改性硅油PDMS，加热到45℃，反应2.5h；第二步升温到67℃，滴加一定量的2，2-二羟甲基丁酸DMPA，反应3h；第三步加入4-甲氧基苯酚MEHQ，滴加一定量的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯PETA，反应4h；第四步滴加一定量的上述步骤（1）自制的十二臂型阻燃单体，反应5h；第五步让温度降至室温，在600r/min搅拌下加入适量的三乙胺TEA，反应35min；最后，加入一定量的去离子水进行乳化，高速搅拌2h后，静置24h，得到淡蓝色的含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于具体步骤如下：
（1）十二臂型阻燃单体的制备：加入10.41g的六氯环三磷氰到装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入20mL的N-甲基吡咯烷酮搅拌溶解，然后加入24.84g的碳酸钾，加热到90℃，再取22.68g的三聚氰胺用20mL的N-甲基吡咯烷酮超声溶解，以2滴每秒的速度滴加到反应烧瓶中，反应13h；反应结束将产物抽滤，所得固体用乙醇及去离子水各洗三遍，离心，抽滤，放入真空烘箱中干燥24h，得到淡黄色粉末，即为一种十二臂型阻燃单体；
（2）阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备：称取35.56g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI放入装有搅拌棒的四颈烧瓶中，加入12-15滴二月桂酸二丁基锡DBTDL，通入氮气；第一步滴加32g的聚碳酸酯二元醇PCDL和13.45g的端羟基聚醚改性硅油PDMS，加热到45℃，反应2.5h；第二步升温到67℃，滴加5.36g的2，2-二羟甲基丁酸DMPA，反应3h；第三步加入3-4滴4-甲氧基苯酚MEHQ，滴加12g的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯PETA，反应4h；第四步滴加2.1g的上述步骤（1）自制的十二臂型阻燃单体，反应5h；第五步让温度降至室温，在高速搅拌下加入4.6g的三乙胺TEA，反应35min；最后，加入200g的去离子水进行乳化，高速搅拌2h后，静置24h，得到淡蓝色的含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述含N、P阻燃水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于所述缚酸剂为碳酸钾，碳酸钠，三乙胺中的一种。
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CN111574676A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2020-08-25 上海工程技术大学 阻燃水性聚氨酯乳液
CN114890960A (zh) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-12 淮阴师范学院 一种羟基改性三聚氰胺的制备方法及其应用

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