CN109528848A - 一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物及其制备方法与应用。该药物组合物由以下重量份的原料制成:余甘子8‑32份、葛根7‑16份、枳椇子3‑10份、佛手2‑10份、茯苓1‑6份。本发明药物组合物全部采用药食同源品种,配伍科学,安全无毒副作用,经试验证明本发明提供的药物组合物可以防治酒精性肝损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
肝损伤的发生机制较为复杂,可分为化学性和免疫性两种。化学性肝损伤可因酒精、环境中的化学毒物及某些药物的作用而引起,其作用机制主要是化学物质进入肝脏后对质膜、自由基、线粒体等造成损伤,或导致肝脏代谢紊乱今进而损伤肝脏功能。
目前,临床上大部分化学性肝损伤是由酒精引起,由此引起的酒精性肝病亦成为社会关注的焦点。酒精性肝病临床分3型:脂肪肝、肝炎、肝硬化。此三者常混合存在。肝病的发生与饮酒时间长短、饮量多少及营养状态优劣呈正相关;饮酒量每天80g以下,肝脏受损害较少,160g/d持续11年,25%发生肝硬化;210g/d持续20年,50%发生肝硬化。遗传形成个体对酒精有不同的敏感性,因此发生酒精性肝炎和肝硬化者,以HLA-B8、B40者较多见。酒精性肝损伤已经成为仅次于病毒性肝炎的主要肝损伤原因。
酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease)在西方国家多见,80%~90%的肝硬化病因是由饮酒所引起。近年来,随着国内经济的发展,国内出现饮酒频繁化、饮酒人群年轻化、工作应酬经常化,饮酒人群的人口数量增长速度加快,临床所见酒精性肝病有逐年增多的趋势,已经成为一种常见病、多发病,严重影响人民的健康。酒精肝已成为现代社会不容忽视的隐形杀手。因此开发一种对酒精导致的化学性肝损伤有保护作用的产品则具有极高的市场价值。
酒精性肝病的西医学治疗原则,一是戒酒和营养支持;二是改善已存在的继发性营养不良和对症治疗酒精性肝病及其并发症,但是并不能从根本上治愈酒精性肝病。中医药对酒精性肝病的诊疗,有其自身的优势。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物及其制备方法与应用;该药物组合物原料天然,可长期服用、易吸收、可以有效保护肝脏。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子8-32份、葛根7-16份、枳椇子3-10份、佛手2-10份、茯苓1-6份。
优选地,所述防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子10-30份、葛根8-15份、枳椇子6-9份、佛手5-8份、茯苓2-3份。
本发明还提供上述防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
1)按配比称取余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓;
2)将药材粉碎,混匀后,用60%-80%乙醇溶液提取;将提取液浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提物干粉;
一般地,步骤2)乙醇用量可为药材重量的8-10倍,可以提取2-3次,每次2-3小时。
一般地,干燥可在50℃、-0.08MPa条件下进行真空干燥。
优选粉碎至80-100目。
3)将步骤2)药渣加水提取(加水量可为药渣重量的8-10倍),将提取液浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提物干粉;
4)将步骤2)、3)得到的醇提物干粉和水提物干粉混匀,制得药物组合物。
一般地,可经提取液浓缩至相对密度1.20-1.30(60℃)。
具体地,上述防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
1)按配比称取余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓;
2)将药材粉碎,混匀后,加入10倍量60%乙醇溶液提取2-3次,每次2-3小时,提取液合并过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.20-1.30(60℃),经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到醇提物干粉;
3)醇提后药渣加10倍量水,80℃提取2-3小时,过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.20-1.30(60℃),经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到水提物干粉。
4)将步骤2)、3)得到的醇提物干粉和水提物干粉混匀,制得药物组合物。
本发明还提供所述药物组合物在制备防治酒精性肝损伤的药物中的应用。
本发明所述药物组合物可以按本领域常规方法制成各种药物制剂(例如中药制剂),优选的剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂或丸剂。
本发明提供的药物制剂中,所用药学上可接受的辅料为药物制剂中的常规辅料,如崩解剂、润滑剂、粘合剂等,但本发明中药学上可接受的辅料并不局限于此,本领域技术人员认为可行的常规辅料均在本发明的保护范围之内,本发明在此不做限定。
在本发明中,药物制剂的制备方法为常规的制备方法。在本发明中,将本发明提供的中药组合物与不同剂型所需的药学上可接受的辅料混合,利用常规技术制成常用的口服制剂,本领域技术人员认为可行的制备方法均在本发明的保护范围之内,本发明在此不做限定。
本发明防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物中:
余甘子富含黄酮类化合物、多种维生素、氨基酸、微量元素,清热凉血,消食健脾,生津止渴。主治血热血瘀,消化不良,腹胀,咳嗽,喉痛,口干及维生素C缺乏症。在藏药中,余甘子主治培根病、赤巴病、血病、高血压病等。近年研究结果表明,余甘子具有抗炎,抗氧化,抗衰老,保肝等作用。余甘子对扑热息痛、硫代乙酰胺所致的急性肝损伤具有预防作用,对D-半乳糖胺所致的急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,对四氯化碳引起的的慢性肝损伤具有保护肝细胞,减少肝损伤,抗肝纤维化作用。
葛根作为药食兼用植物,已有两千多年的历史,也是中药中最常用的解酒药,主要用于缓解酗酒和宿醉的症状及心脏和循环系统的不适。《千金方》、《药性论》等传统医学典籍记载,葛根“解酒毒,治酒醉不醒”。实验表明,葛根中的总黄酮成分可以提高小鼠对乙醇(酒精)的耐受量,降低血中乙醇含量,降低死亡率和减少对肝脏的损害。《千金方》以鲜葛根捣汁治酒醉不醒者,《本草衍义》则以葛根粉治疗醉酒的人。
枳椇子具有止渴除烦、解酒毒、镇静、利尿之功效,其主要活性成分为达玛烷型三萜皂苷,有抗脂质氧化、保肝、解酒毒及抑制中枢神经等多方面的药理作用。
佛手具有疏肝、健脾、和胃的功效。对于佛手的疏肝健脾功效,一些中医古籍里面也有相关记载。如清代张秉成所撰写的《本草便读》中说“理气快膈,唯肝脾气滞者宜之。”清代著名医家张璐著写的《本经逢原》中也说:“专破滞气。”
茯苓味甘、淡、性平,能渗湿利水;健脾和胃;宁心安神,用于水肿尿少、痰饮眩悸、脾虚食少、便溏泄泻、心神不安、惊悸失眠。茯苓其主要化学成分为多糖、三萜类化合物(茯苓酸、茯苓素)等。三萜类化合物具有免疫调节、抗氧化、抗炎症、抗肿瘤等活性,经现代研究表明茯苓三萜对四氯化碳所致的小鼠肝损伤有明显治疗作用。
本发明研究发现,将余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓复配后,相互作用,对酒精性肝损伤具有较好的抑制作用,能够发挥协同增效作用,从而起到保护肝脏的作用。本发明药物组合物全部采用药食同源品种,配伍科学,安全无毒副作用,经试验证明本发明提供的药物组合物可以防治酒精性肝损伤。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。以下实施例的各原料均为常规市售产品。
实施例1
一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:余甘子30份、葛根15份、枳椇子9份、佛手8份、茯苓2份。
制备方法包括下述步骤:
(1)按配比称取余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓;
(2)药材经粉碎后,放入提取罐中,加入10倍量60%乙醇溶液提取3次,每次3小时,提取液合并过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.25(60℃),经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到醇提物干粉;
(3)将步骤(2)醇提后药渣加10倍量水,80℃提取3小时,过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.24(60℃),经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到水提物干粉。
(4)将步骤2)、3)得到的醇提物干粉和水提物干粉混匀,制得药物组合物。
实施例2
一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:余甘子20份、葛根12份、枳椇子6份、佛手6份、茯苓3份。
制备方法基本与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:余甘子10份、葛根8份、枳椇子7份、佛手5份、茯苓2份。
制备方法基本与实施例1相同。
实施例4
取实施例1-3制备的药物组合物,分别按本领域常规方法制成片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、丸剂。
实验例1本发明药物组合物的药效实验
实验样品:实施例1-3制备的药物组合物,按人体日摄入量为1.5g/60kgBW给药。
实验动物:健康昆明种小鼠60只,雌雄各半,清洁级,体重(22±2)g,石家庄实验动物管理中心提供,普通饲养,自由饮水。
实验方法:将实验动物随机分为5组:正常组、模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组,每组各12只。正常组每天给予蒸馏水0.4ml灌胃,其余4组每天上午按16ml/(kg.d)剂量灌胃56度(56%,vol)白酒1次,连续灌胃2周造模结束。自造模第1天起,实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组在每天灌胃白酒1h后灌服对应药物组合物,实验期间各组小鼠自由饮水、进食。最后t次灌胃结束后禁食14h处死小鼠。
取血分离血清,按赖氏法测定血清ALT、AST活性,另取部分肝脏,用冷生理盐水冲洗后制备成10%的肝匀浆,测定肝组织GSH、MDA的含量。
取小鼠肝左叶,置10%中性缓冲甲醛溶液中,常规脱水,石蜡包埋,切片,作HE染色,光镜下观察肝组织病理改变。
统计学处理数据以表示,用SPSSl3.0计算机软件进行统计学分析,组间比较采用单因素方差分析,两组间比较用t检验。
本发明药物组合物对酒精性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性的影响见表1。结果表明,和正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清中ALT、AST活性均显著升高(P<0.01),而与模型组比较,实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组均使小鼠血清中ALT、AST活性明显降低(P<0.05)。表明本发明药物组合物能够保护小鼠肝细胞、稳定细胞膜的结构,对酒精性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。
表1药物组合物对酒精性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性的影响
与正常照组比较,*P<0.01;与模型组比较,#P<0.05;n=12
本发明药物组合物对肝组织MDA、GSH含量的影响如表2所示。结果表明,与正常组比较,模型组小鼠肝匀浆MDA含量明显升高,GSH含量明显降低;而与模型组相比,实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组均使小鼠肝匀浆MDA含量明显降低,GSH含量明显升高。表明本发明药物组合物可提高内源性抗氧化剂的含量,有明显的清除自由基抗脂质过氧化作用。
表2药物组合物对酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝脏MDA含量和GSH-Px活性的影响
与正常照组比较,*P<0.01;与模型组比较,#P<0.05;n=12
组织切片经HE染色后显示:正常组,肝组织切片结构清晰,肝细胞呈索状排列,未见充血及炎症细胞浸润;模型组,肝小叶结构紊乱,肝细胞明显肿胀,胞浆疏松化弥漫存在,部分细胞出现空泡变性,小叶内有炎症细胞浸润;实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组肝细胞胞浆疏松化明显减轻,未见明显的肝细胞脂肪变性,肝小叶结构基本正常。
ALT和AST是肝细胞损伤的敏感指标。肝组织MDA含量是衡量肝组织过氧化损伤的程度及治疗后肝细胞恢复情况的重要指标;GSH是衡量酒精性肝损伤时肝脏抗氧化能力大小的重要因素。
实验显示,模型组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性明显升高,肝组织有脂肪样变和片状坏死等病理改变,给予各实施例药物组合物保护后,血清转氨酶活性明显降低,肝组织病理改变明显好转,说明各实施例药物组合物能保护肝细胞,稳定细胞膜的结构和功能,对酒精性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。和模型组比较,各实施例药物组合物能显著降低酒精导致肝组织MDA含量的升高,提高肝组织GSH水平,表明该药物组合物具有较强的清除自由基抑制脂质过氧化反应的能力,能抑制小鼠机体内GSH的消耗,增强GSH等抗氧化系统的抗氧化能力,抑制了自由基介导的脂质过氧化反应对肝脏的损伤,对酒精性肝损伤有确切的保护作用。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物组合物,其特征在于,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子8-32份、葛根7-16份、枳椇子3-10份、佛手2-10份、茯苓1-6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子10-30份、葛根8-15份、枳椇子6-9份、佛手5-8份、茯苓2-3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子30份、葛根15份、枳椇子9份、佛手8份、茯苓2份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子20份、葛根12份、枳椇子6份、佛手6份、茯苓3份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由包括如下重量份的药物制成:余甘子10份、葛根8份、枳椇子7份、佛手5份、茯苓2份。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
1)按配比称取余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓;
2)将药材粉碎,混匀后,用60%-80%乙醇溶液提取;将提取液浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提物干粉;
3)将步骤2)药渣加水提取,将提取液浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提物干粉;
4)将步骤2)、3)得到的醇提物干粉和水提物干粉混匀,制得药物组合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
1)按配比称取余甘子、葛根、枳椇子、佛手、茯苓;
2)将药材粉碎,混匀后,加入10倍量60%乙醇溶液提取2-3次,每次2-3小时,提取液合并过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.20-1.30,经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到醇提物干粉;
3)醇提后药渣加10倍量水,80℃提取2-3小时,过滤,浓缩至相对密度1.20-1.30,经50℃、-0.08MPa真空干燥,粉碎、过80目筛,得到水提物干粉;
4)将步骤2)、3)得到的醇提物干粉和水提物干粉混匀,制得药物组合物。
8.一种防治酒精性肝损伤的药物制剂,其特征在于,由权利要求1-5任一项所述药物组合物或权利要求6或7所述方法制备的药物组合物与药学上可接受的辅料制成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的药物制剂,其特征在于,其剂型包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂或丸剂。
10.利要求1-5任一项所述药物组合物或权利要求6或7所述方法制备的药物组合在制备防治酒精性肝损伤的药物中的应用。
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CN111436603A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-24 | 山西振东五和健康科技股份有限公司 | 一种护肝产品及其加工方法 |
CN112262900A (zh) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-01-26 | 岳康医疗生物科技有限公司 | 一种醒酒健身的速溶固体饮料配方及其制备方法 |
CN114917278A (zh) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-08-19 | 上海诺德生物实业有限公司 | 一种护肝组合物的配方及制备方法 |
CN115969949A (zh) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-18 | 北京晟爱紫宸医药科技有限公司 | 一种用于酒精性肝损伤的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法 |
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