CN109468850B - 一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109468850B
CN109468850B CN201811188081.7A CN201811188081A CN109468850B CN 109468850 B CN109468850 B CN 109468850B CN 201811188081 A CN201811188081 A CN 201811188081A CN 109468850 B CN109468850 B CN 109468850B
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王庆淼
王晓文
王平
陈加友
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Ningbo Youngor Fashion Co ltd
NINGBO YOUNGOR SHIRT CO Ltd
Ningbo Youngor Yingcheng Uniform Co ltd
Youngor Clothing Holding Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开的水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，由纳米微胶囊分散于水中得到，纳米微胶囊由芯材及包裹在芯材外侧的壳材构成，芯材为远红外纳米陶瓷粉，壳材为聚氨酯。通过聚氨酯包裹远红外纳米陶瓷并均匀分散在水中，得到均匀分散的水性纳米微胶囊乳液。聚氨酯不仅可有效包裹纳米陶瓷粉，而且可实现微胶囊在水中的均匀分散，并且可增强微胶囊与基材的粘合力，大幅提高功能纺织材料的耐久性和水洗牢度。该乳液可以应用于功能性纺织品及其他蓄热保暖材料，对纺织材料或其他蓄热保暖材料进行功能后整理后，得到的功能性纺织品及其他蓄热保暖材料不仅具有优良的蓄热保暖功能，还具有很好的附着力和水洗牢度及耐久性，从而提高功能纺织材料的应用范围。

Description

一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及远红外蓄热保暖材料领域，具体是一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法。
背景技术
进入秋冬时节，保暖是永恒的主题。厚重臃肿别扭复杂，里三件外三件，是在秋冬时节人们主要穿着的写照，那么如何改善这种状况呢？使秋冬时节人们的穿着变得轻薄美观舒适简单呢？远红外蓄热保暖纺织材料作为一种典型的积极保暖材料，可与其他纤维混纺织造，是秋冬季纺织服装的重要发展趋向，必然会成为秋冬季纺织品的发展主流。
通常所说的远红外是指波长范围在4～1000μm的电磁波。具有远红外性能的材料可以吸收环境或人体发射出的电磁波，并辐射出波长范围在2.5～30μm的远红外线，这与人体水分的吸收波长6～14μm是重叠的，从而产生共振效应，分子振动产生热能，使人有温热的感觉。远红外材料例如远红外纺织品其创意来自于远红外陶瓷粉与纺织品的结合。一般是将具有远红外高放射率的陶瓷粉通过纤维纺丝和织物后整理技术施加于纤维及织物内部或表面，从而获得蓄热保暖、提高体感温度、抑菌、缓解病痛、改善血液微循环、活化细胞增强免疫等功能。
织物功能后整理技术，相对应用更为广泛，但是由于远红外陶瓷粉在水溶液中分散性差，对织物附着力差，使得远红外功能的纺织品后整理技术受到极大限制。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对现有技术的不足，提供一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，可实现微胶囊在水中的均匀分散，并且可增强微胶囊与基材的粘合力，大幅提高功能纺织材料的耐久性和水洗牢度。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，由纳米微胶囊分散于水中得到，纳米微胶囊由芯材及包裹在芯材外侧的壳材构成，所述的芯材为远红外纳米陶瓷粉，所述的壳材为聚氨酯，具体制备过程为：准备主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂、催化剂、碱剂和芯材，将主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂和催化剂分别加入反应釜中，充分搅拌后，加热至80～90℃，反应4～6小时，再降温至50～60℃，即得到聚氨酯，再加入芯材，充分搅拌至均匀混合，随后加入碱剂，再搅拌20分钟，之后加入去离子水，于40～50℃保温并搅拌1～2小时，最后降至室温出料，即得到均匀分散的水性纳米微胶囊乳液；
其中：所述的壳材、芯材和去离子水的重量比为：(1～20)：(1～20)：(60～98)，且所述的壳材与所述的芯材的重量比大于或等于1；所述的主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂、催化剂和碱剂的重量比为：(2～40):(3～55):(0.3～8):(0.5～10):(0.005～0.15):(0.2～5),所述的主材为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，所述的多元醇为聚丙二醇或聚乙二醇，所述的酸剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸，所述的溶剂为二丙二醇二甲醚或乙二醇二醋酸酯，所述的催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡，所述的碱剂为三乙胺或二乙胺。
作为优选，所述的远红外纳米陶瓷粉为纳米托玛琳粉或纳米麦饭石粉。
作为优选，所述的远红外纳米陶瓷粉的粒径为5～100nm。选择粒径为5～100nm的远红外纳米陶瓷粉，可使远红外纳米陶瓷粉更好地分散于聚氨酯中，使远红外纳米陶瓷粉更易于被聚氨酯包裹。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：本发明公开的水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，通过聚氨酯包裹远红外纳米陶瓷并均匀分散在水中，得到均匀分散的水性纳米微胶囊乳液。聚氨酯不仅可有效包裹纳米陶瓷粉，而且可实现微胶囊在水中的均匀分散，并且可增强微胶囊与基材的粘合力，大幅提高功能纺织材料的耐久性和水洗牢度。该乳液可以应用于功能性纺织品及其他蓄热保暖材料，对纺织材料或其他蓄热保暖材料进行功能后整理后，得到的功能性纺织品及其他蓄热保暖材料不仅具有优良的蓄热保暖功能，还具有很好的附着力和水洗牢度及耐久性，从而提高功能纺织材料的应用范围。
附图说明
图1为将手放置在经过后整理的棉布上和未经处理的棉布上得到的红外热成像对比图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1的水性纳米微胶囊乳液，由纳米微胶囊分散于水中得到，纳米微胶囊由芯材及包裹在芯材外侧的壳材构成，芯材为纳米托玛琳粉(托玛琳在矿物学中称为电气石，属火山岩类，是一种含硼及成分复杂的硅酸盐矿物)，壳材为聚氨酯，具体制备过程为：称取异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯73克，聚丙二醇-425 105克，2,2-二羟甲基丙酸12克，二丙二醇二甲醚48克，二月桂酸二丁基锡0.25克，分别加入反应釜中，机械搅拌700rpm，加热至85℃，反应5小时，再降温至60℃，即得到聚氨酯，再加入100克纳米托玛琳粉，充分搅拌至均匀混合，随后加入三乙胺9克，再搅拌20分钟，之后加入653克的去离子水，于40℃保温并搅拌1小时，最后降至室温出料，即得到均匀分散的实施例1的水性纳米微胶囊乳液。采用实施例1的水性纳米微胶囊乳液(用去离子水稀释至50克/升)对克重150～200g/m2的棉布进行后整理，后整理工艺为：浸轧(轧液率60～70％)→烘干(100℃)→拉幅焙烘(140℃，30～60秒)→完成。对于经上述后整理的棉布，在25℃下，通过IR发射率测量仪测试显示，其8～14μm光谱区法向发射率为0.85，说明处理得到的纺织品具有优良的远红外性能。
实施例2的水性纳米微胶囊乳液，由纳米微胶囊分散于水中得到，纳米微胶囊由芯材及包裹在芯材外侧的壳材构成，芯材为纳米麦饭石粉(麦饭石是一种天然的硅酸盐矿物，同时也是一种对生物无毒、无害并具有一定生物活性的复合矿物或药用岩石)，壳材为聚氨酯，具体制备过程为：称取4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯55克，聚乙二醇-400 100克，2,2-二羟甲基丁酸13克，二丙二醇二甲醚50克，二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2克，分别加入反应釜中，机械搅拌700rpm，加热至80℃，反应5小时，再降温至50℃，即得到聚氨酯，再加入100克纳米麦饭石粉，充分搅拌至均匀混合，随后加入二乙胺12克，再搅拌20分钟，之后加入670克的去离子水，于50℃保温并搅拌1小时，最后降至室温出料，即得到均匀分散的实施例2的水性纳米微胶囊乳液。采用实施例2的水性纳米微胶囊乳液(用去离子水稀释至50克/升)对克重150～200g/m2的棉布进行后整理，后整理工艺为：浸轧(轧液率60～70％)→烘干(100℃)→拉幅焙烘(140℃，30～60秒)→完成。经检测，该经过后整理的棉布具有优良的蓄热保暖功能，并具有良好的水洗牢度。图1为将手放置在该经过后整理的棉布上和未经处理的棉布上得到的红外热成像对比图，手指部分为未处理的棉布相对颜色较浅；而手掌部分为经30次标准水洗后的经过后整理的棉布，颜色偏深，有明显的温升效果，说明经本发明制备的纳米微胶囊乳液处理的棉布具有很好的远红外温升效果和水洗牢度。

Claims (3)

1.一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，其特征在于由纳米微胶囊分散于水中得到，纳米微胶囊由芯材及包裹在芯材外侧的壳材构成，所述的芯材为远红外纳米陶瓷粉，所述的壳材为聚氨酯，具体制备过程为：准备主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂、催化剂、碱剂和芯材，将主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂和催化剂分别加入反应釜中，充分搅拌后，加热至80～90℃，反应4～6小时，再降温至50～60℃，即得到聚氨酯，再加入芯材，充分搅拌至均匀混合，随后加入碱剂，再搅拌20分钟，之后加入去离子水，于40～50℃保温并搅拌1～2小时，最后降至室温出料，即得到均匀分散的水性纳米微胶囊乳液；
其中：所述的壳材、芯材和去离子水的重量比为：（1～20）：（1～20）：（60～98），且所述的壳材与所述的芯材的重量比大于或等于1；所述的主材、多元醇、酸剂、溶剂、催化剂和碱剂的重量比为：（2～40）:（3～55）:（0.3～8）:（0.5～10）:（0.005～0.15）:（0.2～5）,所述的主材为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，所述的多元醇为聚丙二醇或聚乙二醇，所述的酸剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸，所述的溶剂为二丙二醇二甲醚或乙二醇二醋酸酯，所述的催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡，所述的碱剂为三乙胺或二乙胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，其特征在于所述的远红外纳米陶瓷粉为纳米托玛琳粉或纳米麦饭石粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种水性纳米微胶囊乳液的制备方法，其特征在于所述的远红外纳米陶瓷粉的粒径为5～100nm。
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