CN109463197A - The method for planting and plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons - Google Patents

The method for planting and plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109463197A
CN109463197A CN201910001137.1A CN201910001137A CN109463197A CN 109463197 A CN109463197 A CN 109463197A CN 201910001137 A CN201910001137 A CN 201910001137A CN 109463197 A CN109463197 A CN 109463197A
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China
Prior art keywords
planting
feed unit
plant feed
landscape
cold
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CN201910001137.1A
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Inventor
周桐羽
秦嗣军
吕德国
马怀宇
何佳丽
李丽杰
宫国军
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201910001137.1A priority Critical patent/CN109463197A/en
Publication of CN109463197A publication Critical patent/CN109463197A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • A01G23/02Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/04Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method for planting and plant feed unit of the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons, belong to technical field of gardening.Method for planting are as follows: select the cool humid zone kind with self-flowering fruiting ability;By cool humid zone scion in Seedlings nursery high position grafting on GM256/ hupehensis Rehd stock;It is laid with plant feed unit, seedlings root is sufficiently stretched after opening, merging is laid in the planting hole of plant feed unit, doses cultivation matrix, having peace of mind, watering, covering film;Remove within continuous 2 years all major branches when trimming in winter, the major branch that third year issues is by drawing branch forming.The present invention uses the cool humid zone with self-flowering fruiting ability for main test material, high position grafting is on intermediate stock GM256, using hupehensis Rehd as base anvil, being conducive to tree vigo(u)r keeps stalwartness to ensure that a large amount of flower_bud formations, the plant feed unit of fit applications limitation rhizosphere and soil fertilizer and water management and the pruning technique of control growth are, it can be achieved that the landscape moulding of four seasons transplanting and fruit tree result are neglected neither.

Description

The method for planting and plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of gardening, more particularly to the cultivation for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that one kind can transplant in the four seasons Plant method and plant feed unit.
Background technique
Apple implied meaning is safe and sound, i.e., ornamental is again edible, can also experience and entirely cultivate from blooming to fruit harvesting The successful happiness of journey, therefore be the tree species of desired application in most gardens and courtyard landscape design.However often go out in reality Existing apple development development makes the phenomenon that scape requirement etc. contradicts with landscape, and such as (1) apple development is developed slower, to form graceful symbol Tree-like needs a large amount of careful the trimming work and superb technical level of landscape design are closed, and landscape wishes to open as early as possible with fruit tree Flower result does not allow then largely to trim, and the contradiction limitation that landscape maintenance personnel's fruit tree management level is limited therefore between the two Extensive application of the apple in conventional gardens;(2) if according to general ornamental trees and shrubs method directly from field transplanting large size apple Plant largely certainly will will be completely cured and trim bough, weaken seriously and easy infection disease to tree vigo(u)r, tree-like also to will receive destruction, sternly 2-3 is dead after transplanting when weight, it is difficult to reach landscape effect;(3) the most Performance of cultivar of apple is not firm from spending, and landscape is set Single fruit variety and isolated planting are applied in meter more, Yi Yinwu pollinizers and cause apple tree only to bloom the phenomenon that loseing fruit, and lose Go the meaning applied in landscape as " fruit tree result ".
Currently, the patent for being related to fruit tree root-limiting cultivating fruit tree technology at home has 200510095225.0, " grape heap ridge is shallow Kind root-limiting cultivating method ", 200810118386.0 " fruit tree in greenhouse limits root implantation methods ", 200510030658.8 " grape rhizospheres Limit the rich water application method of cultivation ", but without reference to the method for planting that can transplant landscape cold-rich apple tree the four seasons.
Summary of the invention
For the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to for scenic spot and the design of courtyard design one kind is provided can The method for planting of the landscape cold-rich apple tree of four seasons transplanting.May be implemented apple Quick-forming, guarantee as a result, and transplanting not by Season and the limitation of vine growth and development situation.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons, includes the following steps:
S1: the cool humid zone kind with self-flowering fruiting ability is selected;
S2: by the cool humid zone scion in S1 step in Seedlings nursery high position grafting on GM256/ hupehensis Rehd stock, Promote plant early fast growth;
S3: it is laid with plant feed unit, seedlings root is sufficiently stretched after opening, is placed in the planting hole of plant feed unit, doses cultivation Train matrix, having peace of mind, watering, covering film;
Further, the hupehensis Rehd is current year or sowing upper one year, after seedling rugosity is more than or equal to 1cm, autumn Dwarfing interstock GM256 is grafted using the method connect with xylem bud at side 90-110cm on the ground;
For next year spring pruning except graft union top hupehensis Rehd stock and in time except sprouting, June to July is long to 40- when GM256 young sprout 50cm when semi-lignified, stays 5-10cm long in lower part, grafts cool humid zone scion thereon.
Further, multiple grafting is red beyond the Great Wall on the branch of the cool humid zone branch or imperial rich griggles kind.
Further, the cold-rich apple tree for landscape planting, when annual winter pruning, carry out weight cutting back, remove 2- 3 most thick major branches.
A kind of plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons, including enclosure wall, gardening ground cloth and cultivation base Matter is provided with planting hole in the planting point position of setting, and bosom is less than or equal to 15cm far from ground, is laid in the planting hole With having gardening cloth, gardening cloth center, that is, planting hole lowest part be equipped with turf, turf thickness 1.8-2.2cm, described The cultivation matrix filled above turf;Setting is stacked the enclosure wall formed by brick along planting hole periphery in gardening cloth;Nursery stock It is placed in the cultivation matrix in planting hole.
Further, interlayer is provided with to the planting hole and gardening between cloth.
Further, the interlayer is the benzene plate or coal ash of 2-5cm thickness.
Further, the interlayer is the barrier with multiple water-permeable and air permeable holes, the gap width on the barrier For 0-3mm.
Further, moist soil layer is set between the adjacent brick in the enclosure wall.
The invention has the benefit that
1. the present invention uses the cool humid zone with self-flowering fruiting ability for main test material, graft on hupehensis Rehd stock Intermediate stock on, that is, be conducive to tree vigo(u)r and stalwartness kept to ensure that a large amount of flower_bud formations, the plant feed unit of fit applications rhizosphere limitation And the soil fertilizer and water management and pruning technique of control growth are, it can be achieved that landscape moulding and fruit tree result are neglected neither.
Cloth gardening is set in planting hole 2. the plant feed unit of rhizosphere that the present invention uses limitation, gardening in cloth It is laid with turf and cultivation matrix, so that apple usage tree root is easy to growing, and root system with largely stretching out gardening cloth can be prevented, is moving Small to the damage of tree root when cultivation, the apple sapling after transplanting is easy to survive.It in planting hole and gardening is additionally provided with and is convenient between cloth The interlayer started shipment, while water-permeable and air permeable, the root of fruit tree is not easy to enter in surrounding soil across interlayer, in this way in transplanting fruit tree When, the root damage of fruit tree is minimized, the fruit tree after transplanting is not only easy to survive, and convalescence because root damage is small Short, rising trend is good.And protective shell be it is split type, facilitate installation, disassembly, can be used repeatedly, save cost.It is this to take Easy-to-use method and material cheap and easy to get may be implemented not hurting at any time throughout the year big root transplanting without influencing tree body Growth and development, in addition can band fruit is transplanted and directly forms beautiful landscape before fruit maturation in the fall, be apple fruit trees in gardens And application providing way and technology in garden.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is plant feed unit structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view in Fig. 1 without nursery stock.
In figure: 1. interlayers, 2. turfs, 3. cultivation matrixes, 4. planting holes, 5. gardening ground cloth, 6. ground, 7. enclosure walls, 8. soil Layer, 9. nursery stocks.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1: the method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that one kind of the present invention can transplant in the four seasons, including walk as follows It is rapid:
S1: the cool humid zone kind with self-flowering fruiting ability is selected;
S2:
By the cool humid zone scion in S1 step, high position grafting is described on GM256/ hupehensis Rehd stock in Seedlings nursery The plant height of GM256/ hupehensis Rehd stock is 95-115cm;Promote plant early fast growth, cold-resistant, easy result, Yi Guan Reason;
S3: it is laid with plant feed unit, seedlings root is sufficiently stretched after opening, is placed in the planting hole of plant feed unit, doses cultivation Train matrix, having peace of mind, watering, covering film;
S4: continuous 2 years remove all major branches when trimming in winter, the major branch that third year issues is by drawing branch forming.
Sapling grafting in S2 step described in this example is to use hupehensis Rehd for base anvil, and the hupehensis Rehd has nothing Syngamy characteristic, for current year sow, autumn when hupehensis Rehd trunk rugosity be more than or equal to 1cm when, on hupehensis Rehd ground 95cm is grafted on dwarfing interstock GM256;
For next year spring pruning except graft union top hupehensis Rehd stock and in time except sprouting, June to July is long to 40- when GM256 young sprout 50cm when semi-lignified, stays 5-10cm long in lower part, grafts cool humid zone scion thereon.The cool humid zone seedling or branch Branch on the griggles kinds such as the red beyond the Great Wall or Long Feng of multiple grafting can be used.The cold-rich apple tree for landscape planting, Weight cutting back is carried out when annual winter pruning, removes 2-3 most thick major branches.
The plant feed unit includes enclosure wall 7, gardening ground cloth 5 and cultivation matrix 3, and the planting point position of setting is provided with cultivation Plant hole 4, with the being equipped with gardening cloth 5 in the planting hole 4, gardening 5 centers of cloth, that is, planting hole, 4 lowest part be equipped with grass Charcoal 2, the cultivation matrix 3 filled above the turf 2;It is arranged along 4 periphery of planting hole in gardening cloth 5 and shape is stacked by brick At enclosure wall 7;Nursery stock 9 is placed in the cultivation matrix 3 in planting hole 4.
Moist soil layer 8 is set between the adjacent brick in the enclosure wall 7.Convenient for placing the brick of upper and lower level securely, to increase Add the stability and planarization of brick, and can breathe freely, is conducive to fruit tree growth.And when removing brick, easy disassembly.
The cultivation matrix 3 that the present invention uses, generally by common garden mould and commercially available organic fertilizer 5:1 mixed preparing by volume. The 2 thickness 2cm of turf layer, quality are 0.9-1.1 kilograms.
The planting hole 4 is the conical well for excavating formation downwards along earth's surface;Depth H is less than or equal to 15cm, well face Product is within the scope of 65cm × 65cm.The gardening that this example uses cloth 5 for 1m × 1m.
Root system sufficiently stretched when planting seedling after opening, routinely technology doses cultivation matrix, having peace of mind, watering, covering film i.e. It can.
Only need to remove the common brick enclosure wall in earth's surface in advance when transplanting, with uncovering gardening buckram corner piece, cut-off parts drop-over seam or Broken hole position is pierced by the radicula pricked in soil.Four necromancers of appropriate finishing stick together into circle, can the wrapping such as land used cloth, straw rope, shipment, plant It plants in planning place.Because landscape with cool humid zone plant overwhelming majority root growth in the space of limitation, be conducive to overground part Form bud, and when several region soils big absolutely are because of plant when transplanting plant below with being placed with gardening cloth, be placed with turf on ground cloth and It does not dissipate, can simply carry out beating Tu Tuo, long distance transportation, plant.Therefore this landscape cold-rich apple tree does not have seedling-slowing stage, i.e., one The four seasons in year can all transplant.
It can reach 100% using the survival rate of apparatus of the present invention transplanted plantlet, realization is transplanted at any time regardless of season, and is not hurt Root does not influence Growth status development, and bough need not be completely cured and be trimmed to transplanting, less on tree vigo(u)r, tree-like influence, largely ties after transplanting Fruit, tree vigo(u)r restore to be easy.Realize that moulding, result are neglected neither;Method is simple, and material is cheap and easy to get, provides for landscape application Great convenience.
Embodiment 2: this example unlike the first embodiment: in this example method for planting, sapling grafting in the S2 step, It is to use hupehensis Rehd for base anvil, the hupehensis Rehd has Apomixis, and growth is vigorous, and comprehensive resistance is strong, to work as Year sowing, when the rugosity of autumn hupehensis Rehd trunk is greater than 1cm, side 110cm grafts dwarfing interstock GM256 on the ground;
June to July in third year when GM256 young sprout it is long to 40cm when, stay 5cm long in lower part, graft cool humid zone children thereon Seedling or branch.
The planting hole bosom is 10cm far from ground, and careless carbon layer is 2.2cm;The planting hole and gardening between cloth It is provided with interlayer.The interlayer is the benzene plate of 2-5cm thickness.For fruit tree root to be isolated, it is made to be not easy to enter week across interlayer It encloses in soil, and water-permeable and air permeable, does not influence the growth of fruit tree.In transplanting, it is easier to start shipment, wrap up.
Embodiment 3: this example unlike the first embodiment: in this example method for planting, sapling grafting in the S2 step, It is to use hupehensis Rehd for base anvil, the hupehensis Rehd has Apomixis, and growth is vigorous, and comprehensive resistance is strong, to work as Year sowing, when the rugosity of autumn hupehensis Rehd trunk is 1cm, side 90cm grafts dwarfing interstock GM256 on the ground;
June to July in third year when GM256 young sprout it is long to 50cm when, stay 10cm long in lower part, graft cool humid zone children thereon Seedling or branch.
The planting hole bosom is 12cm far from ground, and careless carbon layer is 1.8cm;The planting hole and gardening between cloth It is provided with interlayer.The interlayer is the coal ash of 2-5cm thickness.Coal ash matter is easy to form, makes the fruit tree root of through gardening cloth It must be placed in coal ash matter, be not easy to protrude into surrounding soil, in transplanting, since coal ash matter is soft, cloth is started shipment with wrapping up gardening When, the root being placed in coal ash matter is easy to take out of, does not damage.
Embodiment 4: this example unlike the first embodiment: in method for planting described in this example, the seedling in the S2 step is transferred It connects, is to use hupehensis Rehd for base anvil, the hupehensis Rehd has Apomixis, and growth is vigorous, and comprehensive resistance is strong, is Current year is sowed, and when the rugosity of autumn hupehensis Rehd trunk is greater than 1cm, side 100cm grafts dwarfing interstock GM256 on the ground;
June to July in third year when GM256 young sprout it is long to 45cm when, stay 8cm long in lower part, graft cool humid zone children thereon Seedling or branch.
The planting hole bosom is 13cm far from ground, and careless carbon layer is 2cm;
The interlayer is the barrier with multiple water-permeable and air permeable holes, and the gap width on the barrier is 0-3mm, this The root that sample stretches out barrier is limited within 3mm, and when starting shipment, fruit tree root damage is small.It is also set in the end of the barrier At least two lifting hole(eyelet)s for facilitating lifting are equipped with, are started shipment with facilitating, manpower is saved.
Barrier in this example can be fabricated to reusable split type structure, pass through folding in bottom by two halves rotary table Page connects and composes, the hook of one and half rotary table connecting sides setting wherein or buckle, for hooking another half rotary table, whole shape At the frame column structure for having grid, lifting hole(eyelet) is set in opening edge, when starting shipment larger trees, it is convenient to lift by crane by crane.

Claims (10)

1. the method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that one kind can transplant in the four seasons, characterized by the following steps:
S1: the cool humid zone kind with self-flowering fruiting ability is selected;
S2: by the cool humid zone scion in S1 step, high position grafting promotes on GM256/ hupehensis Rehd stock in Seedlings nursery Plant early fast growth;
S3: it is laid with plant feed unit, seedlings root is sufficiently stretched after opening, is placed in the planting hole of plant feed unit, doses cultivation base Matter, having peace of mind, watering, covering film.
2. the method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Hupehensis Rehd is current year or sowing upper one year, and after seedling rugosity is more than or equal to 1cm, autumn adopts at side 90-110cm on the ground Dwarfing interstock GM256 is grafted with the method connect with xylem bud;
For next year spring pruning except graft union top hupehensis Rehd stock and in time except sprouting, June to July is long to 40- when GM256 young sprout 50cm when semi-lignified, stays 5-10cm long in lower part, grafts cool humid zone scion thereon.
3. the method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Multiple grafting is red beyond the Great Wall on the branch of cool humid zone branch or imperial rich griggles kind.
4. the method for planting for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described For the cold-rich apple tree of landscape planting, when annual winter pruning, carries out weight cutting back, removes 2-3 most thick major branches.
5. a kind of plant feed unit of the cold-rich apple tree for that can transplant in the four seasons, it is characterised in that: including enclosure wall, gardening cloth and Cultivation matrix is provided with planting hole in the planting point position of setting, with the being equipped with gardening cloth in the planting hole, gardening ground cloth Center, that is, planting hole lowest part is equipped with turf, the cultivation matrix filled above the turf;Exist along planting hole periphery Gardening on cloth setting the enclosure wall formed is stacked by brick;Nursery stock is placed in the cultivation matrix in planting hole.
6. plant feed unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: be provided between cloth to the planting hole and gardening every Layer.
7. plant feed unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the interlayer is the benzene plate or coal ash of 2-5cm thickness Slag.
8. plant feed unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the interlayer is the lattice with multiple water-permeable and air permeable holes Fence, the gap width on the barrier are 0-3mm.
9. plant feed unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: moist soil is arranged between the adjacent brick in the enclosure wall Layer.
10. plant feed unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the planting hole bosom is less than or equal to far from ground 15cm;The turf thickness 1.8-2.2cm being arranged inside.
CN201910001137.1A 2019-01-02 2019-01-02 The method for planting and plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons Withdrawn CN109463197A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113317102A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-08-31 内蒙古民族大学 Adult cultivation method of apple sapling

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CN202077439U (en) * 2011-04-29 2011-12-21 广东省农业科学院花卉研究所 Environment friendly seedling bag capable being transplanted with bag
CN102783402A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-21 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 Bag culture system for large-scale production of solanaceous vegetables
CN202759890U (en) * 2012-10-08 2013-03-06 杭州华东市政园林工程有限公司 Seedling cultivation device
CN203387976U (en) * 2013-08-13 2014-01-15 上海申迪园林投资建设有限公司 Container seedling planting device
CN104904470A (en) * 2015-06-01 2015-09-16 沈阳农业大学 Method for making single strain-fruited apple bonsai
KR20160128789A (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-08 이준구 Cultivation method of apple seedling
CN108450190A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-08-28 句容靖昌生态农业有限公司 A kind of nursery stock breeding device convenient for transplanting
CN209449360U (en) * 2019-01-02 2019-10-01 沈阳农业大学 A kind of plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202077439U (en) * 2011-04-29 2011-12-21 广东省农业科学院花卉研究所 Environment friendly seedling bag capable being transplanted with bag
CN102783402A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-21 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 Bag culture system for large-scale production of solanaceous vegetables
CN202759890U (en) * 2012-10-08 2013-03-06 杭州华东市政园林工程有限公司 Seedling cultivation device
CN203387976U (en) * 2013-08-13 2014-01-15 上海申迪园林投资建设有限公司 Container seedling planting device
KR20160128789A (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-08 이준구 Cultivation method of apple seedling
CN104904470A (en) * 2015-06-01 2015-09-16 沈阳农业大学 Method for making single strain-fruited apple bonsai
CN108450190A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-08-28 句容靖昌生态农业有限公司 A kind of nursery stock breeding device convenient for transplanting
CN209449360U (en) * 2019-01-02 2019-10-01 沈阳农业大学 A kind of plant feed unit for the landscape cold-rich apple tree that can be transplanted in the four seasons

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113317102A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-08-31 内蒙古民族大学 Adult cultivation method of apple sapling
CN113317102B (en) * 2021-06-07 2024-05-28 内蒙古民族大学 Seedling-forming cultivation method for apple sapling

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Application publication date: 20190315