CN109404438A - 确定和适配混合动力传动系中摩擦离合器的特征值的方法 - Google Patents

确定和适配混合动力传动系中摩擦离合器的特征值的方法 Download PDF

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CN109404438A
CN109404438A CN201810940380.5A CN201810940380A CN109404438A CN 109404438 A CN109404438 A CN 109404438A CN 201810940380 A CN201810940380 A CN 201810940380A CN 109404438 A CN109404438 A CN 109404438A
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clutch
axis
motor
friction clutch
powertrain
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CN109404438B (zh
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于尔根·艾希
阿卜杜勒阿齐兹·德里迪
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/064Control of electrically or electromagnetically actuated clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/0098Details of control systems ensuring comfort, safety or stability not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B60W2050/0028Mathematical models, e.g. for simulation
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于确定和适配混合动力传动系的至少一个自动运行的摩擦离合器的至少一个离合器特征值的方法,动力传动系具有内燃机和设置在内燃机和驱动轮之间的、具有多个可切换的传动比的变速器。为了对于具有通常静止的内燃机的混合动力传动系的适配过程提出可靠地确定和适配至少一个离合器特征值,执行如下方法步骤:将驱动轮与变速器分离;借助于传动系观测器从动力传动系的参数中根据动力传动系运动方程与在电机处确定的转矩确定所计算的转速;确定变速器的能够与至少一个摩擦离合器连接的轴的当前的转速;将当前的转速与计算的转速比较;根据转速的比较适配至少一个离合器参数。

Description

确定和适配混合动力传动系中摩擦离合器的特征值的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于确定和适配混合动力传动系的至少一个自动运行的摩擦离合器的至少一个离合器特征值的方法,所述动力传动系具有内燃机和设置在内燃机和驱动轮之间的、具有多个可切换的传动比的变速器,其中所述至少一个摩擦离合器起作用地设置在内燃机和变速器之间,并且设有至少一个在变速器侧起作用地连接的电机。
背景技术
用于机动车的混合动力传动系包括内燃机和电机作为驱动源,并且例如从文献DE10 2010 024 165 A1中已知。在此,自动的摩擦离合器设置在内燃机和具有多个传动级的变速器之间,所述传动级设定在内燃机和驱动轮之间不同的传动比。电机设置在变速器侧,使得在摩擦离合器断开时,借助于电机实现仅以电的方式进行的驱动。借助于轴向地沿操纵路径起作用的执行机构来控制自动的摩擦离合器。在此,在长期例如由于磨损,或在短期例如在运行温度变化时,摩擦离合器的离合器特征值,例如触点和摩擦系数,发生变化。为了能够根据操纵路径传递可再现的离合器力矩,离合器特征值持续地匹配于运行条件,即持续地进行适配。
为了确定和适配非混合动力传动系中的摩擦离合器的触点,在文献DE 196 52244 A1中例如提出:在内燃机运行和机动车静止时以预设的行驶阻力闭合摩擦离合器,直到确定内燃机的预设的力矩变化。在文献DE 102008 023 360 A1和DE 10 2010 024 941A1中,为在非混合动力传动系中的摩擦离合器提出:在变速器中挡位分离时闭合摩擦离合器,以确定和适配触点,直至出现变速器的变速器输入轴的预设变化。在达到该变化的情况下,确定当前的触点。文献DE 10 2011 014 572 A1公开在使用用于操纵摩擦离合器的静液压执行器的情况下触点的适配。在此,为了确定和适配触点,评估静液压执行器的压力值。文献DE 102 13 946 A1公开了借助于用于非混合动力传动系中的摩擦离合器的传动系观测器以基于力矩的方式确定和适配触点。在此,借助于当前检测的输入,例如内燃机的发动机力矩和要经由摩擦离合器传输的离合器力矩,根据传动系模型计算测量变量,例如内燃机的转速,并且与实际的测量变量比较。基于在计算的和测量的测量变量之间出现的偏差来适配触点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进用于确定和适配用于混合动力传动系的离合器特征值的方法。所述目的通过本发明的主题来实现。下文中描述该主题的有利的实施方式。
所提出的方法用于确定和适配混合动力传动系的至少一个自动运行的摩擦离合器的至少一个离合器特征值。至少一个摩擦离合器优选作为干式或可能湿式运行的摩擦离合器借助于离合器执行器沿着轴向的操纵路径操纵,并且能够构成为压开式、拉开式、压合式或拉合式摩擦离合器。在此,根据描述与操纵路径相关的可传输的离合器力矩的离合器特性曲线,通过设定对应于操纵路径的参考变量,例如用于相应的离合器执行器的电子的、液压气动的和/或类似的额定信号,设定预设的离合器力矩。通过适配例如通过两个离合器特征值,即触点和摩擦系数,展开的离合器特性曲线,持续地匹配于摩擦离合器的长期和/或短期变化的运行条件。混合动力传动系包含内燃机和至少一个电机。为了将内燃机的功率谱匹配于机动车的行驶情况,动力传动系包含具有多个例如由切换执行器切换的传动比、如传动级或挡位的变速器。根据具有自动的换挡变速器的混合动力传动系的构成或作为双离合器变速器的构成,一个或两个摩擦离合器起作用地设置在内燃机和变速器之间,所述内燃机和变速器分别优选地彼此独立地被适配。
至少一个电机构成为发电机或马达并且能够单独地或与内燃机组合地用于推进机动车以及用于起动内燃机和对蓄电池,例如机动车的高伏电池充电。蓄电池的充电能够通过由内燃机驱动电机和/或再生来进行。至少一个电机设置在变速器侧,例如借助于齿轮副与变速器轴固定地或者借助于例如由切换执行器操纵的切换离合器可切换地连接。
变速器设置在内燃机和驱动轮之间。通过相应的功率分支,机动车的轮的一部分或全部轮能够构成为驱动轮。例如,一个轴的驱动轮可借助于一个子变速器驱动,并且第二轴的驱动轮可由变速器的第二子变速器驱动。
所提出的用于确定和适配至少一个离合器特征值——触点和/或摩擦系数——的方法借助传动系观测器来工作。在混合动力传动系的情况下,预设的离合器力矩——例如在挂入了挡位时通过驱动轮引起力矩支持的意义中——的抵制可在适配期间忽略,并且可将至少一个电机用来抵制预设的离合器力矩,使得具有在此出现的传动系弹性的变速器中的挡位的挂入是多余的。主要的优点在此从通过使用混合动力传动系的另外的运行情况的适配的附加的适配可行性中,例如在车辆静止时对高伏电池充电期间得到。这表示,用于确定离合器特征值的已知的方法能够通过所提出的方法取代或补充。在此,传动系观测器设有用于考虑内燃机、摩擦离合器和电机之间的力矩流的模块。
详细地,所提出的方法包含如下步骤:
将驱动轮与变速器分离,
借助于传动系观测器从动力传动系的输入参数中根据动力传动系的运动方程与在电机处确定的转矩确定所计算的转速,所述输入参数例如是电机和内燃机的发动机力矩、离合器执行器和/或类似装置的实际位置,
确定变速器的能够与至少一个摩擦离合器连接的轴的当前的转速,
将当前的转速与所计算的转速比较,
根据转速的比较适配至少一个离合器参数。
在此,至少一个离合器特征值的确定和适配基于离合器打滑和离合器执行器的所属的调节变量的关联,该离合器执行器用于提供相应的操纵路径。在此有利地,可在通过由内燃机驱动电机对蓄电池、例如高伏电池充电过程期间设有至少一个摩擦离合器。在此,至少一个摩擦离合器可短暂地断开和闭合,使得能够确定和检测在转矩传输开始时的触点和在摩擦离合器打滑时的摩擦系数。在此,评估施加在电机上的转矩的改变。
电机的转矩能够在传动系观测器中作为用于提供车辆数据的CAN总线或类似的网络的信号提供。替选地或附加地,能够从电机的运行数据,例如当前施加的电压、当前的电流、充电电流、要充电的蓄电池的容量、当前的功率、转子的转速等中确定电机的转矩,并且提供给传动系观测器。
为了协调传动系观测器,除了电机的检测的转矩之外,能够在考虑对于动力传动系特定的参数的情况下确定运动方程。例如,物理参数能够是:电机的转子轴和轴之间的传动比和/或转子的和/或设置在至少一个摩擦离合器和转子之间的变速器部件例如切换离合器的惯性力矩、惯性质量、摩擦力矩等。
在最简单的情况下,在具有唯一的变速器输入轴的所谓的自动换挡变速器中,能够将唯一的电机借助于齿轮或皮带连接装置等直接地或经由切换离合器可切换地与变速器输入轴处的摩擦离合器连接。在该情况下,作为运动方程基本上得到变速器输入轴的转速与在电机处检测的转矩的关联、与变速器输入轴和转子的惯性力矩的关联以及与变速器输入轴和转子之间的传动比的关联。
在具有两个可彼此切换地连接的轴和一个可与至少一个轴连接的摩擦离合器和至少一个与轴之一相关联的电机的混合驱动器中,用于借助于至少一个电机的转矩适配至少一个离合器特征值的运动相应地设计得更复杂。例如,能够将各一个电机设置在双离合器变速器的两个子离合器中的两个变速器输入轴处。在此,每个摩擦离合器能通过容纳在其变速器输入轴处的电机来适配。
替选地,能够仅在双离合器变速器的一个变速器输入轴处设有电机。在此,两个变速器输入轴能够借助于切换离合器连接,使得设置在没有电机的变速器输入轴处的摩擦离合器能够在切换离合器闭合时进行适配。
替选地,能够设有自动换挡变速器形式的多轴变速器,所述多轴变速器的变速器输入轴以分开的方式构成,其中形成变速器输入轴的两个轴借助于切换离合器以可切换的方式彼此连接。在此,摩擦离合器能够容纳在一个轴上,并且电机能够容纳在另一轴上。在此,摩擦离合器的适配在切换离合器闭合时进行。
附图说明
根据图1至3中示出的实施例详细阐述本发明。在此示出:
图1示出所提出的方法的方框图,
图2示出具有电机的不同设置可行性的混合动力传动系的原理线路图,和
图3示出混合动力传动系的一个实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于执行所提出的用于确定和适配离合器特征值的方法的方框图1。方框图1分为真实系统2和传动系观测器3。将输入变量,例如动力传动系的内燃机的例如在借助于电机对高压电池充电过程期间的发动机力矩MM、电机的转矩ME、设置在内燃机和电机之间的摩擦离合器的实际位置Sist以及其他的可变的系统参数,例如变速器的挡位信息和/或用于表征动力传动系的运行状态的其他参数,输送给真实系统2和传动系观测器3。在此,真实系统2描述内燃机和电机之间的路线的物理条件。物理路段的实例在图2和3中示出。
输入变量也进入到传动系观测器3中。传动系观测器3包含动力传动系的模型4。此外,存储经由摩擦离合器要传输的离合器力矩关于摩擦离合器的操纵路径的离合器特性曲线,其中离合器特性曲线由离合器特征值,即在所示出的实施例中摩擦离合器的触点,即离合器特性曲线沿着操纵路径的移位,和摩擦系数,即特性曲线的斜率展开。借助于输入变量,根据模型4在真实的动力传动系的预设的运动方程和离合器特征值下,计算在摩擦离合器之前的推断的转速和在摩擦离合器之后的推断的转速并且与真实系统2的在摩擦离合器之前和之后检测的转速NBR,mess,NIps,mess在节点5处进行比较。在用于校正如适配离合器特征值的校正模块6中考虑偏差ΔEA。例如列举的校正值korr(1),korr(2)用于校正属于传动系观测器3的传动系模型。在此,更新模型特性,在该情况下为离合器特征值,例如触点和摩擦系数。此后,通过例如借助于在传动系模型中更新的触点移动离合器特性曲线进而相同的离合器期望力矩引起变化的执行器额定位置的方式,对物理系统的操控存在间接影响。替选地,已经能够输出用于离合器特征值的校正值korr(1),korr(2)。触点优选在摩擦离合器的打开到闭合状态的或相反的过渡期间确定,摩擦系数在摩擦离合器优选传输更高力矩的状态下确定。
在离合器执行器的连接在上游和/或下游的位置调节装置中,借助于持续适配特性曲线,计算用于离合器执行器的调节回路的参考变量。根据离合器执行器的构成方案,参考变量能够是操纵路径、静液压执行器的压力等。
图2示出示意示出的动力传动系10,所述动力传动系在此例如设有双离合器变速器11,所述双离合器变速器具有两个要适配的摩擦离合器K1、K2。在双离合器变速器11中,示出一个或多个电机12、13、14在两个例如可借助于切换离合器15可切换地连接的轴16、17处的多个设置可行性,所述轴例如在此为变速器输入轴。在一个优选的实施方式中能够设有离合器K1,并且在轴17处设有电机13。在此,摩擦离合器K1的适配经由接合的切换离合器15进行。
具有差速器19和例如示出的驱动轮20的变速器输出轴18能够借助于切换离合器21、22与轴16、17连接。
设置在内燃机23和轴16、17之间的摩擦离合器K1、K2的离合器特征值的确定和适配优选在通过一个或多个由内燃机23驱动的电机12、13、14对高伏电池充电过程期间、其启动之前或之后进行。充电过程在动力传动系断开,即内燃机23和电机12、13、14之间的转矩路径不与驱动轮20连接的情况下进行。在电机14的情况下——以未示出的方式——在驱动轮20和变速器输出轴18之间设有分离装置,例如切换离合器。
用于适配和确定摩擦离合器K1、K2的离合器特征值的、建立内燃机的发动机力矩和电机12、13、14的转矩和从中得出的曲轴24和轴16、17或变速器输出轴18的转速之间的关联的运动方程从内燃机23和各个电机12、13、14之间的转矩路径中得出。在此,必要时可考虑轴16、17的惯性力矩JIps1JIps2、变速器输出轴18的惯性力矩JOPS、电机12、13、14的惯性力矩JP21,JP22,JP3以及在转矩路径中有效的传动比i1,i2,iP21,iP22,iXIps和iP3
根据一个有利的实施方式,在摩擦离合器K1、K2分别与轴16、17相关联和唯一的电机12或13与轴16或17相关联的情况下,在切换离合器15断开的情况下对包含电机12或13的轴16或17的摩擦离合器K1、K2适配至少一个离合器特征值。另一离合器K1、K2能够在切换离合器15闭合的情况下,借助于设置在另一轴16或17上的电机12或13来进行。在此,忽略另一轴16或17的力矩。
为了改进适配精度,能够考虑干扰效应,例如变速器摩擦。例如,变速器能够通过电机12、13、14在摩擦离合器K1、K2断开的情况下置于预设的转速。电机12、13、14的对此所需的转矩随后作为“空转力矩”在传动系观测器中考虑为干扰力矩。替选地或附加地,能够在摩擦离合器K1、K2断开和电机12、13、14无电流的情况下确定通过“使”转动的轴16、17“减速停止”引起的变速器损失。
根据用于转矩路径的相应建立的运动方程,在图1的传动系观测器3中计算内燃机23和/或电机12、13、14和/或轴16、17的期望的转速。借此,然后借助于与真实系统2的真实转速的比较,确定和适配离合器特征值。
图3示出具有对于适配离合器特征值相关的变量的、从图2的动力传动系10中分出的部分示出的动力传动系110。图2的变速器输出轴18在图3中被删去,因为动力传动系110相对于驱动轮断开连接,并且不将转矩传递到驱动轮上。动力传动系110的动态特性描述运动方程(1)和(2):
在此,称作轴116、117的角加速度。离合器力矩TCl1和TCl2从离合器特性曲线中基于至此确定的离合器特征值,如触点和摩擦系数计算。力矩TP21和TP22表示电机112和113的当前的转矩。运动方程(1)和(2)中的其余的公式标记为动力传动系的技术数据,例如传动比iXIps,i,iP22和惯性力矩JIps1,JIps2,JP21,JP22
从用运动方程(1)和(2)计算的角加速度中,通过数值积分和与30/π相乘得到用于两个输入轴116和117的推断的(“预先计算的”)转速信号。推断变量根据图1与输入轴的测量的转速NBR,mess,NIps,mess比较。随后,推断的和计算的转速之间的差用于校正离合器参数,如触点和摩擦系数。如果代替——如在此示出的——两个摩擦离合器K1、K2,仅设有摩擦离合器K1、K2中的一个,那么优选借助于相同轴116、117的电机112、113进行离合器特性曲线的适配。在运动方程(1)和(2)中,缺失的摩擦离合器K1或K2的相应的离合器力矩TCl1或TCl2在其简化的情况下成为零。如果仅存在一个电机112或113,并且摩擦离合器设置在相对置的轴116、117上,那么在考虑传动比iXIps的情况下交叉地适配离合器特征值。
要理解的是,在切换离合器115断开的情况下,相应地简化运动方程(1)和(2),并且取消轴116、117之间的交叉的相关性。
详细地,根据图2,轴116、117的惯性力矩JIps1,JIps2、电机112、113的惯性力矩JP21,JP22和在轴116、117和电机112、113的转子轴125和126之间的传动比iP21,iP22和在轴116、117之间的传动比iXIps,影响要传输的转矩并且在运动方程(1)和(2)中相应地被考虑。
附图标记列表
1 方框图
2 真实系统
3 传动系观测器
4 模型
5 节点
6 校正模块
10 动力传动系
11 双离合器变速器
12 电机
13 电机
14 电机
15 切换离合器
16 轴
17 轴
18 变速器输出轴
19 差速器
20 驱动轮
21 切换离合器
22 切换离合器
23 内燃机
24 曲轴
110 动力传动系
112 电机
113 电机
115 切换离合器
116 轴
117 轴
125 转子轴
126 转子轴
i1 传动比
i2 传动比
iP3 传动比
iP2 传动比
iP22 传动比
iXIps 传动比
JIps1 惯性力矩
JIps2 惯性力矩
JOPS 惯性力矩
JP21 惯性力矩
JP22 惯性力矩
JP3 惯性力矩
K1 摩擦离合器
K2 摩擦离合器
korr(1) 校正值
korr(2) 校正值
ME 电机转矩
MM 发动机力矩
NBR,mess 转速
转速
NIps,mess 转速
转速
Sist 实际位置
TCl1 离合器力矩
TCl2 离合器力矩
TP21 转矩
TP22 转矩
ΔE 偏差
ΔA 偏差

Claims (10)

1.一种用于确定和适配混合动力传动系(10,110)的至少一个自动运行的摩擦离合器(K1,K2)的至少一个离合器特征值的方法,所述动力传动系具有内燃机(23)和设置在所述内燃机(23)和驱动轮(20)之间的、具有多个可切换的传动比的变速器,其中所述至少一个摩擦离合器(K1,K2)起作用地设置在内燃机(23)和变速器之间,并且设有至少一个在变速器侧起作用地连接的电机(12,13,14,112,113),其特征在于,具有如下方法步骤:
将所述驱动轮(20)与所述变速器分离,
借助于传动系观测器(3)根据动力传动系(10,110)的运动方程((1),(2))与在所述电机(12,13,14,112,113)处确定的转矩(ME,TP21,TP22),从所述动力传动系(10,110)的参数中确定所计算的转速
确定所述变速器的能够与所述至少一个摩擦离合器(K1,K2)连接的轴(16,17,116,117)的当前的转速(NIps,mess),
将所述当前的转速(NIps,mess)与所述计算的转速比较,
根据所述转速(NIps,mess)的比较适配至少一个离合器参数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在考虑对于所述动力传动系特定的参数的情况下确定所述运动方程((1),(2))。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,物理的所述参数是:在所述电机(12,13,112,113)的转子轴(125,126)和轴(16,17,116,117)之间的传动比(iP21,iP22)和/或所述电机(12,13,112,113)的和/或设置在所述至少一个摩擦离合器(K1,K2)和所述电机(12,13,14,112,113)之间的变速器部件的惯性力矩(JP21,JP22)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,对于具有两个轴(16,17,116,117)、摩擦离合器(K1,K2)和至少一个电机(12,13,14,112,113)的混合动力传动系(10,110),借助于所述至少一个电机(12,13,14,112,113)的转矩(ME,TP21,TP22)适配所述至少一个离合器参数,其中,所述两个轴能彼此切换地连接,所述摩擦离合器能够与至少一个轴(16,17,116,117)连接,所述电机与所述轴(16,17,116,117)中的一个相关联。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,根据设置在所述轴之间的切换离合器(15,115)的切换状态实现所述摩擦离合器(K1,K2)的离合器特性曲线。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,在摩擦离合器(K1,K2)分别与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联和电机(12,13,112,113)分别与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联的情况下,借助于相同的轴(16,17,116,117)的所述电机(12,13,112,113)的转矩(TP21,TP22)独立于另一摩擦离合器(K1,K2)为每个摩擦离合器(K1,K2)适配所述至少一个离合器特征值。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在摩擦离合器(K1,K2)分别与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联和唯一的电机(12,13,112,113)与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联的情况下,在切换离合器(15,115)闭合的情况下对于不包含电机的轴(16,17,116,117)的所述摩擦离合器(K1,K2)适配所述至少一个离合器特征值。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在摩擦离合器(K1,K2)分别与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联和唯一的电机(12,13,112,113)与轴(16,17,116,117)相关联的情况下,在切换离合器(15,115)断开的情况下对于包含电机(12,13,112,113)的轴(16,17,116,117)的所述摩擦离合器(K1,K2)适配所述至少一个离合器特征值。
9.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在一个轴(16,17,116,117)具有摩擦离合器(K1,K2)且不具有电机以及在一个轴(16,17,116,117)不具有摩擦离合器且具有电机(12,13,112,113)的情况下,在切换离合器(15,115)闭合的情况下适配所述至少一个离合器特征值。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在要由所述至少一个电机(12,13,14,112,113)充电的蓄电池的充电过程期间,适配所述至少一个离合器特征值的适配。
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