CN109329567A - It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material and preparation method - Google Patents
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, and raw material includes solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid, and solid-state fermentation culture medium includes cassava dry powder, cassava cauline leaf dry powder, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, NaCl, MgSO4And water.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned cassava fermented feed.Cassava fermented feed of the invention, animal edible safety, nutrient content is high, palatability is good, there can be higher accounting in feed, substitute whole wheat bran and part corn, increase culture efficiency while reducing aquaculture cost, the fermentation process such as cassava and cassava cauline leaf, it can obtain good tunning, natural vitamin needed for supplementing the breeding of high yield sow, such as B race folic acid, pantothenic acid and niacin, beta carotene, there are also good dietary fibers, this can improve the production performance of sow, the preparation method of cassava fermented feed of the present invention is simple, raw material and mixed bacteria liquid are easy to get, it is easy to promote and apply in industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of feed, and in particular to it is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Cassava originates in Brazil, cultivates extensively in world torrid areas.Fujian China, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou
And there are cultivation in the provinces and regions such as Yunnan.The root tuber of cassava is rich in starch, is mainly used for eating, feeding and industrial development and utilization.Block
Root starch is one of industrial main starch raw material processed.The 65% of cassava whole yield is used for human foods in the world, is heat
Main alimentary crop with wetland low income peasant household.In fermentation industry, tapioca or dry plate can preparing alcohol, citric acid, paddy
Propylhomoserin, lysine, protein cassava matter, glucose, fructose etc., these products are in food, beverage, medicine, weaving (dying cloth), papermaking
Etc. have important use.
Fresh cassava leaf is rich in protein, and cassava leaves protein content is in cured leaf generally between 4.0~9.6%
20.6~36.4%, it is full of nutrition, and have health-care efficacy.As the raw material of production feed, manioc meal, blade are a kind of high energy
The feed ingredient of amount, cassava product, which is used in Feed Manufacturing, can seldom occur aflatoxin and other mycotoxin contaminations.
Amylose ratio is higher in tapioca, can be used as the main energetic raw material in pig, poultry and ruminant diet, but feed
Fresh cassava leaves or root tuber easily cause animal poisoning even dead because its hydrogen cyanide content is higher.Cassava protein content itself
It is lower, and amino acid imbalance, sulfur-containing amino acid is less, often to add amino acid on the basis of cooperating dregs of beans in production
The high animal fodder of content.In addition, cassava mouthfeel is poor, content of arranging in pairs or groups in feed is no more than 20%, the excessive meeting of content
It has a negative impact to husbandry sector.CN1631202 discloses a kind of cassava feed with high protein, the invention by fresh cassava defibrination or
Dry tapioca starch adds that water, stirring, inoculation, ferment, inoculate, fermenting, drying, crushing and to obtain finished product, which puts into small, technique
Simply, low energy consumption, no waste discharge, and loss is small, and almost complete stool root tuber can utilize, and can be mass-produced.CN106359995A
Disclose it is a kind of using manioc waste as the pannage of major ingredient, wherein contain manioc waste, wheat bran, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, bone meal, fish meal, food
Salt, cassava modified starch, glycine betaine, probiotics, sodium glutamate, multivitamin, microelement, antioxidant and mould proof
Agent, the feed formula raw material are easy to get, and raw material components are full of nutrition, can promote growth, moreover it is possible to reduce scatol in muscle, first
Alkane, indoles etc. seriously affect the harmful components of meat quality, so as to improve the quality of pork.CN102835551B discloses one kind
The preparation method of high protein fermentation cassava, this method use Trichoderma viride, yeast, thermophilic actinomycete, lactic acid bacteria etc. for strain, with
The fresh cassava stem tuber of thermophilic digestion is substrate, and mixed fermentation is produced novel fermentation cassava product, obtained by the inventive method
Fermentation cassava the quality of feed can be improved, while reducing production cost.However, in the prior art, cassava feedstuff
Cassava dry powder and manioc waste predominantly after working process, cassava leaves are because of crude fiber content height and toxin problem, therefore application is very
It is few.In addition, Manihot Esculenta is because the height of toxin containing cyanogenic glycoside and mouthfeel are poor, use ratio is low in feed, and products application master
In terms of being confined to ruminant and Growing-finishing pigs.
To sum up, in order to give full play to the nutritional ingredient in cassava, guarantee the safety of cassava feed, improve cassava feed
Palatability still needs to develop a kind of new cassava feed.
Summary of the invention
To solve problems of the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide one kind with cassava and cassava stem
Leaf is the fermented feed of raw material.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned fermented feed.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, raw material include solid-state fermentation culture medium and Mixed Microbes
Liquid, the solid-state fermentation culture medium include the component of following parts by weight meter:
40~60 parts of cassava dry powder,
15~50 parts of cassava cauline leaf dry powder,
5~15 parts of nitrogen source,
1~10 part of carbon source,
0.5~5 part of phosphorus source,
NaCl0.01~0.2 part,
MgSO40.01~0.2 part,
100~300 parts of water.
Preferably, the ratio of the solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid are as follows: add in every 100 grams of solid-state fermentation culture mediums
Add 10~35mL mixed bacteria liquid.
Preferably, the mixed bacteria liquid be saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution according to
Volume ratio is (3~5): (2~5): the mixture of (1~2).
It is further preferred that saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid the preparation method comprises the following steps: S. cervisiae is placed in potato sugar fine jade
Rouge culture medium carries out inclined-plane culture, and actication of culture obtains saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid.
It is further preferred that aspergillus oryzae culture solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: aspergillus oryzae is placed in potato sugar agar medium
Inclined-plane culture is carried out, actication of culture obtains aspergillus oryzae culture solution.
It is further preferred that lactic acid bacteria culture solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by lactic acid bacteria be placed in lactic acid bacteria slant medium into
Row culture, actication of culture obtain lactic acid bacteria culture solution.
Above-mentioned saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution are respectively placed in seed bottle culture medium
Mixing is after expanding culture to get mixed bacteria liquid.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder is (6~10): 3.
Preferably, the nitrogen source is peptone.
Preferably, the carbon source is brown sugar.
Preferably, phosphorus source K2HPO4。
The preparation method of above-mentioned fermented feed, step include:
(1) the solid-state fermentation culture medium each component is weighed according to the ratio, by cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder blend, and
Sequentially add water, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, phosphorus source, NaCl and MgSO4It mixes, obtains solid-state fermentation culture medium；
(2) mixed bacteria liquid is sprayed in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of step (1), is fermented to up to standard.
By fermentation up to packing after target product drying to get the cassava fermented feed of the present invention of air-dried form.
Preferably, the time of step (2) described fermentation is 48~72h.
Preferably, step (2) standard up to standard are as follows: crude protein content > 15%, pure protein content > 10%, hydrogen cyanogen
Acid content < 100mg/kg.
Above-mentioned fermented feed is made based on solid-state fermentation culture medium, optionally, can also pass through wet basis culture medium
Cassava fermented feed of the invention is prepared.Method particularly includes:
(s1) be in mass ratio (6~10) with cassava cauline leaf by cassava: 3 mix after be beaten；
(s2) water, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, NaCl and MgSO are sequentially added into step (s1) slurry obtained4It mixes, obtains
Wet basis state fermentation medium；
(s3) mixed bacteria liquid is seeded to the wet basis state fermented and cultured of step (s2) according to the ratio that mass ratio is 5~15%
Start to ferment to up to standard in base；
(s4) breathing bag is packed into after the tunning by step (s3) after up to standard is packaged to send out to get the cassava of the present invention of wet basis
Ferment feed.
Preferably, the time of step (s3) described fermentation is 48~72h.
Preferably, step (s3) standard up to standard are as follows: crude protein content > 15%, pure protein content > 10%, hydrogen
Cyanic acid content < 100mg/kg.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1, fermented feed of the invention, animal edible safety, nutrient content is high, and palatability is good, can have in feed
Higher accounting substitutes whole wheat bran and part corn, increases culture efficiency while reducing aquaculture cost；
2, the fermentation process such as cassava and cassava cauline leaf, cassava can be used as the carbon source of fermentation, and cassava stem because of content of starch height
Leaf crude protein content is high, can be used as a part of fermentation nitrogen source, cassava is (6~10) with cassava cauline leaf in mass ratio: 3 mix, energy
Obtain good tunning, natural vitamin needed for supplement high yield sow breeding, such as B race folic acid, pantothenic acid and niacin, β-Hu
Radish element, there are also good dietary fibers, this can improve the production performance of sow；
3, the preparation method of cassava fermented feed of the present invention is simple, and raw material and mixed bacteria liquid are easy to get, and is easy to promote in industry
Using.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and further retouches to technical solution of the present invention work in conjunction with the embodiments
It states, however, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, raw material include solid-state fermentation culture medium and Mixed Microbes
Liquid, the solid-state fermentation culture medium include the component of following parts by weight meter: 40 parts of cassava dry powder, 15 parts of cassava cauline leaf dry powder, and nitrogen
5 parts of source, 1 part of carbon source, 0.5 part of phosphorus source, NaCl0.01 parts, MgSO40.01 part, 100 parts of water.
Wherein, the ratio of the solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid are as follows: added in every 100 grams of solid-state fermentation culture mediums
10~35mL mixed bacteria liquid, mixed bacteria liquid are saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution according to body
Product is than the mixture for 3:2:1.
The mass ratio of cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder is 6:3, and nitrogen source is peptone, and carbon source is brown sugar, and phosphorus source is
K2HPO4。
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, raw material include solid-state fermentation culture medium and Mixed Microbes
Liquid, the solid-state fermentation culture medium include the component of following parts by weight meter: 60 parts of cassava dry powder, 50 parts of cassava cauline leaf dry powder, and nitrogen
15 parts of source, 10 parts of carbon source, 5 parts of phosphorus source, NaCl0.2 parts, MgSO40.2 part, 300 parts of water.
Wherein, the ratio of the solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid are as follows: added in every 100 grams of solid-state fermentation culture mediums
10~35mL mixed bacteria liquid, mixed bacteria liquid are saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution according to body
Product is than the mixture for 5:5:2.
The mass ratio of cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder is 10:3, and nitrogen source is peptone, and carbon source is brown sugar, and phosphorus source is
K2HPO4。
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, raw material include solid-state fermentation culture medium and Mixed Microbes
Liquid, the solid-state fermentation culture medium include the component of following parts by weight meter: 50 parts of cassava dry powder, 35 parts of cassava cauline leaf dry powder, and nitrogen
10 parts of source, 5 parts of carbon source, 1 part of phosphorus source, NaCl0.1 parts, MgSO40.1 part, 200 parts of water.
Wherein, the ratio of the solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid are as follows: added in every 100 grams of solid-state fermentation culture mediums
10~35mL mixed bacteria liquid, mixed bacteria liquid are saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution according to body
Product is than the mixture for 4:3:1.5.
The mass ratio of cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder is 8:3, and nitrogen source is peptone, and carbon source is brown sugar, and phosphorus source is
K2HPO4。
Embodiment 4
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the preparation method of the fermented feed of raw material, step includes:
(1) the solid-state fermentation culture medium each component is weighed according to the ratio, by cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder blend, and
Sequentially add water, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, NaCl and MgSO4It mixes, obtains solid-state fermentation culture medium；
(2) mixed bacteria liquid is sprayed in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of step (1), is fermented to up to standard.
By fermentation up to packing after target product drying to get the cassava fermented feed of the present invention of air-dried form.
The time of step (2) described fermentation is 48~72h, the standard up to standard are as follows: crude protein content > 15%, pure egg
Bai Hanliang > 10%, hydrogen cyanide content < 100mg/kg.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid carries out tiltedly the preparation method comprises the following steps: S. cervisiae is placed in potato sugar agar medium
Face culture, actication of culture obtain saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid.
Aspergillus oryzae culture solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by aspergillus oryzae be placed in potato sugar agar medium carry out inclined-plane culture,
Actication of culture obtains aspergillus oryzae culture solution.
Lactic acid bacteria culture solution is cultivated the preparation method comprises the following steps: lactic acid bacteria is placed in lactic acid bacteria slant medium, and strain is living
Change, obtains lactic acid bacteria culture solution.
Above-mentioned saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution are respectively placed in seed bottle culture medium
Mixing is after expanding culture to get mixed bacteria liquid.
Embodiment 5
It is a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the preparation method of the fermented feed of raw material, step includes:
(s1) be in mass ratio (6~10) with cassava cauline leaf by cassava: 3 mix after be beaten；
(s2) water, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, NaCl and MgSO are sequentially added into step (s1) slurry obtained4It mixes, obtains
Wet basis state fermentation medium；
(s3) mixed bacteria liquid is seeded to the wet basis state fermented and cultured of step (s2) according to the ratio that mass ratio is 5~15%
Start to ferment to up to standard in base；
(s4) breathing bag is packed into after the tunning by step (s3) after up to standard is packaged to send out to get the cassava of the present invention of wet basis
Ferment feed.
The time of step (s3) described fermentation is 48~72h.
Step (s3) standard up to standard are as follows: crude protein content > 15%, pure protein content > 10%, hydrogen cyanide content
< 100mg/kg.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid carries out tiltedly the preparation method comprises the following steps: S. cervisiae is placed in potato sugar agar medium
Face culture, actication of culture obtain saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid.
Aspergillus oryzae culture solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by aspergillus oryzae be placed in potato sugar agar medium carry out inclined-plane culture,
Actication of culture obtains aspergillus oryzae culture solution.
Lactic acid bacteria culture solution is cultivated the preparation method comprises the following steps: lactic acid bacteria is placed in lactic acid bacteria slant medium, and strain is living
Change, obtains lactic acid bacteria culture solution.
Above-mentioned saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid, aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution are respectively placed in seed bottle culture medium
Mixing is after expanding culture to get mixed bacteria liquid.
Detect example 1
According to the formula of embodiment 3, cassava fermented feed A is prepared using the method for embodiment 4, has been formulated
Feeding is carried out to sow after complete feed and is observed.Formula scheme is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is formulated scheme
| Serial number | Component | Content/% |
| 1 | Cassava fermented feed A | 50 |
| 2 | Corn | 35 |
| 3 | Dregs of beans | 10 |
| 4 | Compound premix for pregnancy sow | 5 |
Sow feeding observes statistical result:
(1) according to 30~50% ratio, cassava fermented feed A is used in pregnant sow complete feed, substitute part
Corn and dregs of beans do not use wheat bran, observe sow not constipation, and stages of labor is short, the every tire the number of live birth of sow improve 0.5 with
On, piglet good evenness, postpartum sow feeding restores fast.
(2) according to 5~15% ratio, by cassava fermented feed A be applied to complete feeds for milking sow after, sow feeding
Amount is big, and milk is good, and 21 age in days of piglet wean counterpoise is more than 6.5 kilograms.
(3) it is replaced according to 5~15% ratio by cassava fermented feed A applied to growth pig feed and complete feed for fattening pigs
For part corn and dregs of beans, observe that feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 0.1~0.2, ammonia taste reduces in animal house, live pig fresh meat drip loss drop
Low, Meat Flavor is improved.
Detect example 2
According to the formula of embodiment 3, cassava fermented feed B is prepared using the method for embodiment 5, has been formulated
Feeding is carried out to sow after complete feed and is observed.Formula scheme is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 is formulated scheme
| Serial number | Component | Content/% |
| 1 | Cassava fermented feed B | 50 |
| 2 | Corn | 35 |
| 3 | Dregs of beans | 10 |
| 4 | Compound premix for pregnancy sow | 5 |
Sow feeding observes statistical result:
(1) according to 10~25% ratio, cassava fermented feed B is used in pregnant sow complete feed, substitute part
Corn and dregs of beans do not use wheat bran, observe sow not constipation, and stages of labor is short, the every tire the number of live birth of sow improve 0.5 with
On, piglet good evenness, postpartum sow feeding restores fast.
(2) according to 3~8% ratio, by cassava fermented feed B be applied to complete feeds for milking sow after, sow feeding
Amount is big, and milk is good, and 21 age in days of piglet wean counterpoise is more than 6.5 kilograms.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of using cassava and cassava cauline leaf as the fermented feed of raw material, which is characterized in that raw material includes solid-state fermentation culture medium
And mixed bacteria liquid, the solid-state fermentation culture medium include the component of following parts by weight meter:
40~60 parts of cassava dry powder,
15~50 parts of cassava cauline leaf dry powder,
5~15 parts of nitrogen source,
1~10 part of carbon source,
0.5~5 part of phosphorus source,
NaCl0.01~0.2 part,
MgSO40.01~0.2 part,
100~300 parts of water.
2. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ratio of the solid-state fermentation culture medium and mixed bacteria liquid
Example are as follows: 10~35mL mixed bacteria liquid is added in every 100 grams of solid-state fermentation culture mediums.
3. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixed bacteria liquid be saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria culture fluid,
Aspergillus oryzae culture solution and lactic acid bacteria culture solution are (3~5): (2~5): the mixture of (1~2) according to volume ratio.
4. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quality of the cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder
Than for (6~10): 3.
5. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen source is peptone.
6. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the carbon source is brown sugar.
7. fermented feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that phosphorus source K2HPO4。
8. the preparation method of described in any item fermented feeds according to claim 1~7, which is characterized in that step includes:
(1) the solid-state fermentation culture medium each component is weighed according to the ratio, by cassava dry powder and cassava cauline leaf dry powder blend, and successively
Water, nitrogen source, carbon source, phosphorus source, NaCl and MgSO is added4It mixes, obtains solid-state fermentation culture medium；
(2) mixed bacteria liquid is sprayed in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of step (1), is fermented to up to standard.
9. the preparation method of fermented feed according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the time of step (2) described fermentation
For 48~72h.
10. the preparation method of fermented feed according to claim 8, which is characterized in that step (2) standard up to standard
Are as follows: crude protein content > 15%, pure protein content > 10%, hydrogen cyanide content < 100mg/kg.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN112913969A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-08 | 海南大学 | Feed for non-ruminant animals and preparation method thereof |
| CN113615771A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-11-09 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Fresh cassava biological fermentation feed, preparation method and application |
| CN113812541A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-21 | 上海农好饲料股份有限公司 | Non-conventional compound feed for sheldrake and preparation method thereof |
| CN114027413A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 上海农好饲料股份有限公司 | Cassava type compound feed for Muscovy duck in low-protein breeding period |
| CN114287528A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | High-grain low-grain cassava feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN115568535A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-06 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Fermentation method for improving quality of cassava flour |
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| CN112913969A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-08 | 海南大学 | Feed for non-ruminant animals and preparation method thereof |
| CN112913969B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-05-20 | 海南大学 | Feed for non-ruminant animals and preparation method thereof |
| CN113615771A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-11-09 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Fresh cassava biological fermentation feed, preparation method and application |
| CN113812541A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-21 | 上海农好饲料股份有限公司 | Non-conventional compound feed for sheldrake and preparation method thereof |
| CN114027413A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 上海农好饲料股份有限公司 | Cassava type compound feed for Muscovy duck in low-protein breeding period |
| CN114287528A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | High-grain low-grain cassava feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114287528B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-02-06 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | High-grain low-grain cassava feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN115568535A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-06 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Fermentation method for improving quality of cassava flour |
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Application publication date: 20190215 |