CN109294950B - 高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌及其应用 - Google Patents
高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109294950B CN109294950B CN201811182106.2A CN201811182106A CN109294950B CN 109294950 B CN109294950 B CN 109294950B CN 201811182106 A CN201811182106 A CN 201811182106A CN 109294950 B CN109294950 B CN 109294950B
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- gellan gum
- activity
- strain
- oligosaccharide
- lyase
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种交替假单胞菌(高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌)及其用途。具体而言,本发明提供了一种交替假单胞菌PE2:为交替假单胞菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.其保藏号为:CGMCC NO:16439。本发明还同时提供了上述交替假单胞菌PE2的用途:产生结冷胶裂解酶;产生结冷胶寡糖。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种交替假单胞菌(高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌)及其用途。
背景技术
多糖裂解酶是一类由原核或者真核生物产生的,作用于多糖的降解酶。大多数多糖裂解酶的底物为带负电的阴性多糖,它们通过β-消去机制作用于与糖醛酸相连的1,4糖苷键,最终产物为不饱和的寡聚糖。近年来国内外的学者尝试利用多糖裂解酶将大分子量的多糖降解为不饱和的寡聚糖,从而赋予寡聚糖新的生理活性,同时克服了大分子多糖本身的诸多缺陷。结冷胶作为一种典型的阴性多糖,也能被结冷胶裂解酶,以内切方式通过β-消去机制降解为不饱和的结冷胶寡糖。
在现有已经开发的结冷胶应用中,随着其应用领域的不断增加,结冷胶自身的高分子量及高粘性限制了其应用范围的进一步扩展,而现有的工业裂解方式包括化学裂解及氧化裂解,化学降解方法降解的多糖分子量分布宽,对于想获得某一分子量的寡糖产物在分离提纯上有一定的困难;氧化降解方法具有工艺难以控制的特点。由此造成工业应用前景十分狭隘。通过寻找适当的高效结冷胶裂解酶,使用酶学活性修饰和改善现有的多糖结构,可以达到降低其分子量及粘性的目的。另外,裂解酶具有高效性、专一性等特点有助于工业生产效率的进一步提高,且酶学裂解作用位点单一,便于后续分离提纯,因此酶学裂解是改善结冷胶多糖的分子量及结构最合适的途径。另外,研究发现在裂解过程中产生的结冷胶寡聚糖具有抗氧化、抗菌及作为肠道益生元等多种生理活性,这对于结冷胶裂解衍生物的应用研究具有十分积极的影响,也有助于多糖应用范围的进一步扩展。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌PE2(交替假单胞菌PE2)及其用途。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种交替假单胞菌PE2(高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌PE2):为交替假单胞菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.,其保藏号为:CGMCC NO:16439。
本发明还同时提供了上述交替假单胞菌PE2的用途:产生结冷胶裂解酶(高效结冷胶裂解酶)。
作为上述用途的改进:产生结冷胶寡糖(高活性结冷胶寡糖)。
本发明的菌株PE2,保藏名称为交替假单胞菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.,保藏单位:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,保藏编号:CGMCC NO.16439,保藏时间2018年09月07日。
本发明利用该菌株生产高效结冷胶裂解酶并提供了裂解酶活性检测方法,并且同现有裂解酶菌株酶学活性对比研究表明,其胞内裂解酶裂解活性极强,且胞内裂解酶的作用环境温和,易于控制条件。另外,在对于裂解产物结冷胶寡聚糖的活性研究中发现此类具有生理活性的功能性寡聚糖,具有较高的抗氧化活性,而且对于菌株本身的裂解研究发生其自身物质也具有极强的抗氧化活性,两者相辅相成,对于多糖裂解产物功能性寡聚糖的应用开发具有极高价值。
本发明针对现有工业裂解结冷胶技术的缺陷,改善化学裂解及氧化裂解两种现行方法的不足,创新性的使用适合工业化生产的具有高效裂解结冷胶能力的裂解酶生产菌株,据本发明人查阅相关文献和书籍,目前国内外还未发现有关结冷胶高效裂解酶工业化应用的报道,因此本发明为酶法裂解结冷胶工业化应用的实现打下了坚实基础。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
图1为菌株电镜照片;
图2为抗氧化标准曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
结冷胶,CAS:[71010-52-1],例如可购自生工生物工程(上海)公司。
实施例1、交替假单胞菌PE2(高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌PE2):
筛选方法为:配置改良MM基础筛选培养基,使用结冷胶为唯一碳源与凝固剂,海藻样本1g使用9ml无菌水溶解,涂布于平板内,培养箱内30℃培养,随着菌株利用分解结冷胶,平板上会产生明显孔洞,由此筛选产生的成型菌株具有裂解使用结冷胶的能力,其中平板内空洞最为明显的为交替假单胞菌PE2(高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌PE2)。
将菌株PE2进行了保藏,保藏名称为交替假单胞菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.,保藏单位:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,保藏编号:CGMCC NO.16439,保藏时间2018年09月07日。
菌株PE2(交替假单胞菌PE2)的各项特征如下:
一、菌株PE2(交替假单胞菌PE2)的形态特征与生理生化特征
1、菌株PE2在改良MM固体培养基上培养,培养条件:生长环境pH7.0~7.2,培养温度30℃培养箱;
改良MM固体培养基的配方为:20g结冷胶、25g海盐、硝酸铵1.0g、磷酸二氢钾0.5g、磷酸氢二钠1.5g、氯化钠1.0g、自来水1000ml,调节pH为7.2;最后加入七水硫酸镁0.2g。
培养96h后,在平板上产生明显凹陷,形成的菌落成圆型,边缘齐整,表面光滑湿润,菌落成淡黄色不透明,形成的菌落大小为0.4-1.3mm。菌株革兰氏染色可变,该菌为直状革兰氏阴性杆菌,无芽孢,有荚膜,无鞭毛,兼性厌氧,化能有机营养,可发酵,呼吸代谢。杆状,长2.1-30μm,宽0.4-0.9μm,有氧化酶、接触酶活性,具有极强裂解使用结冷胶,降低结冷胶分子量及粘性的作用,菌株自身具有极高的抗氧化能力。在培养后的平板滴加刚果红染色剂,能产生明显的淡黄色结冷胶多糖降解圈。
2、菌株PE2的生理生化特征
菌株PE2能水解淀粉,氧化酶阴性,吲哚试验阴性,不产生色素,不能氧化乙醇到乙酸,不能液化明胶,产生H2S检测产生明显黑色,不能利用柠檬酸盐、丙二酸盐,不能利用纤维二糖、D-甘露糖、L-阿拉伯醇、古老糖、D-塔格糖、D-海藻糖、D-甘露醇,能利用α-葡萄糖,能利用D-葡萄糖、硝酸钠、氯化铵、硝酸铵、硫酸铵、D-麦芽糖。精氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸、七叶苷、氨对、枸橼酸盐、尿素、麦芽糖、木糖、葡萄糖、硫化氢、生化鉴定显阳性,蔗糖、硝酸盐还原、靛基质、ONPG、甲基红、维普、靛基质为阴性。
二、菌株的分子生物学鉴定
PCR扩增和序列分析:采用chelex-100基因组提取DNA。正向引物27F:5′-AGAGTTTGATCMTGCTCAG-3′,反向引物1492R:5′-ACGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′。反应体系50ul。
反应条件是94℃预变性2min,94℃变性30s,55℃退火40s,72℃延伸1min,最后72℃延伸10min。PCR产物的纯化、克隆、测序由上海生物工程有限公司完成,所测序列与Ezbiocloud进行同源性比较,该菌株16S rRNA序列与Pseudoalteromonas的相似度为98.95%。
该菌株16S rRNA序列如序列表所述。
实施例2、菌株PE2的生长特性:
1、培养基:
2216E培养基(2216E液体培养基):酵母膏1g,蛋白胨5g,磷酸高铁0.01g,氯化钠15g,自来水1000ml,pH7.4。
改良MM基础培养基:结冷胶0.5%、海盐2.5%、硝酸铵1.0g/L、磷酸二氢钾0.5g/L、磷酸氢二钠1.5g/L、氯化钠1.0g/L、七水硫酸镁0.2g/L(最后放),调节pH为7.2。
即,改良MM基础培养基为:5g结冷胶、25g海盐、硝酸铵1.0g、磷酸二氢钾0.5g、磷酸氢二钠1.5g、氯化钠1.0g、自来水1000ml,调节pH为7.2;最后加入七水硫酸镁0.2g。
PY发酵培养基的组成:结冷胶0.2%、酵母提取物0.1%、蛋白胨0.2%;海盐2.5%,pH7.0。
即,PY发酵培养基为:2g结冷胶、1g酵母提取物、2g蛋白胨、海盐25g、自来水1000ml,pH7.0。
2、种子液的制备;将一接种环的保存在改良MM基础培养基上的菌接种到100ml2216E液体培养基中,转速200r/min,30℃培养24h;得种子液。
3、温度对生长的影响:
将种子液接稀于PY发酵培养基,种子液:PY发酵培养基=1:9的体积比;
转速200r/min,分别在不同温度下培养,测定细胞浓度。该菌的生长温度范围为10-40℃,其中30℃为最适生长温度。
4、pH对生长的影响:
PY发酵培养基灭菌后用2M盐酸和1M氢氧化钠调培养基pH,使灭菌后发酵培养基的pH分别为3-12之间,于28℃培养24h,其他条件同上,测定细胞浓度。
该菌的生长pH范围为4-11,最适生长pH为7。
综上所述,菌株PE2(交替假单胞菌PE2)的生长温度范围为10-40℃,最适生长温度为30℃;生长pH范围为4-11,最适生长pH范围为7。
实施例3、利用交替假单胞菌PE2生产结冷胶裂解酶的方法,依次进行以下步骤:
1)、将一接种环的交替假单胞菌PE2转接至100ml 2216E液体培养基于200r/min,30℃进行富集培养,培养时间为24h;得富集培养液。
2)、将步骤1)所得的富集培养液接至PY发酵培养基内于200r/min,30℃进行活化培养,培养时间为36h,富集培养液:PY发酵培养基=1:9的体积比;
所得的活化培养液于4℃条件下,8000rpm,离心15min,分别得位于上层的上清液和位于下层的菌体。
3)、将上清液取出保留下层菌体,在菌体中加入0.01M,pH7.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液15ml重悬,8000rpm离心15min后,去除上清液,重复上述重悬、离心2-3次,而后使用10ml,0.01M,pH7.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液重悬最后一次离心所得的位于下层的菌体,进入超声破碎仪内20KHz,10min。
4)、将超声破碎后的液体进行离心,8000rpm,15min,将上清液全数加入10KDa孔径大小的超滤管7000rpm,20min,使用移液器吸取4℃预冷的5ml,0.01M,pH7.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液冲洗超滤膜,来回抽吸数次保证裂解酶充分洗脱,获得粗酶液。
实施例4、结冷胶裂解解酶(实施例3所得)的裂解活性检测的方法:
结冷胶裂解酶活检测采用0.05%的生物技术级结冷胶为底物,与粗酶液混合后验证在235nm条件下吸收峰,建立酶学裂解曲线,确定裂解酶活性;
其步骤如下;
(1)按照1:1的体积比例将Tris-HCl缓冲液(0.01M,pH7.0)与PY发酵培养基混合均匀,在235nm测量OD值,以此为空白对照组。
(2)配置Tris-HCl缓冲液(0.01M,pH7.0),加入0.05%的结冷胶作为底物(即,在1LTris-HCl缓冲液中加入0.5g的结冷胶);100℃煮沸后冷却至最适温度30℃待用,按照1:1的体积比将粗酶液与底物混合均匀,测量235nm条件下吸光度确定裂解活性。
因结冷胶在裂解酶作用下产生的产物会产生双键,因而在235nm条件下会存在吸收峰,随着裂解作用时间的变化,裂解产物的堆积,OD值会不断增加,因此比较设定的裂解时间(例如24h)的OD值与空白对照组OD值的差值,可以得出结冷胶裂解酶裂解结冷胶的结果。
实施例5、结冷胶裂解酶粗酶液(实施例3所得)的性质
1、酶作用温度对酶活的影响:
将得到的粗酶液分别在30℃、40℃、45℃条件下测定酶活力,发现酶的最适反应温度是30℃。OD值具体如表1所述。
表1、温度对结冷胶裂解酶活力的影响
总结:该酶的最适反应温度是30℃,20℃时有约47%的残余酶活,70℃时有约19%的残余酶活;该酶在30℃稳定性最好,随着温度的升高,稳定性逐渐下降,30℃的半衰期为36h,35℃的半衰期为24h,40℃的半衰期为6h。
2、酶作用pH对酶活的影响:将得到的粗酶液分别在pH2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10条件下测定酶活力,发现酶的最适反应pH为6-8。具体如表2所示。
表2、最适pH对结冷胶裂解酶活力的影响
总结:该酶的理想反应pH为6-8,该酶在pH=2时有14%的残余酶活,在pH=10时有72%残余酶活;该酶在pH为6-8时稳定性较好,最适pH7.0。
3、酶的热稳定性:粗酶液分别在30℃、35℃、40℃条件下分别保温3h、6h、12h、24h、36h,48h在40℃测定剩余酶活力。发现该酶在30℃稳定性最好,随着温度的升高,稳定性逐渐下降,30℃的半衰期为36h,35℃的半衰期为24h,40℃的半衰期为6h。
4、酶的pH稳定性:将粗酶液在30℃不同pH条件下保温1h后在最适反应温度条件下测定剩余酶活力,该酶在pH 6-7时稳定性较好,在中性环境中酶活力较稳定。
5、酶的离子及抑制剂作用:将粗酶液在30℃,pH7.0条件下测量在不同金属氯盐中及部分抑制剂内的裂解酶活性可得Mn2+、Ca 2+、Na+对该酶活有促进作用,NH4 +、K+对酶活没有影响,EDTA、urea能够强烈的抑制酶活。具体如表3所示。
表3、离子及抑制剂作用对结冷胶裂解酶的影响
总结:Mn2+、Ca 2+、Na+对该酶活有促进作用,NH4 +、K+对酶活没有影响,EDTA、urea能够强烈的抑制酶活。
实验1、裂解结冷胶
利用实施例3所得的结冷胶裂解酶粗酶液高效裂解结冷胶(制备寡糖),使用Tris-HCl缓冲液(0.01M,pH7.0)配置0.1%的结冷胶溶液,100℃煮沸后冷却至最适温度30℃待用,按照1:1比例加入粗酶液混合均匀,测量起始235nm条件下吸光度为空白对照,而后测量24h条件下的吸光度值,两者差值即为结冷胶裂解产生的寡糖数量。
对比本发明实验过程中筛选到的各类结冷胶裂解酶产生菌(PE1、PE3、PE4)以及现有的类似菌株在相应条件下的吸光度差值(表4),确定PE2菌株具有极强裂解使用结冷胶,且裂解速率高,裂解酶活力强的技术优势。反应24h后,每隔1h连续测量三次OD235数值不变,则结冷胶寡糖制备完成。
表4
实验2、抗氧化能力测定:
即,假单胞菌生产结冷胶寡糖提纯及抗氧化活性检测:
(一)寡糖纯化方法:分子筛层析柱Bio-GeP4分离两步法降解产物采用中低压层析,蠕动泵、凝胶柱、Bio-GelP4填料、自填柱、柱尺寸16x600mm示差检测器检测流动相:经过0.22μm微滤膜过滤的0.1-0.4molL-1NH4HCO3水溶液;流速:0.1-0.4mL min-1。
取实验1中反应24h后的反应液真空干燥浓缩后,0.22μm微滤膜过滤,进样200或400μL,每一段时间内取一管,测定其电导率的有无,当具有电导率时证明其含有结冷胶寡糖,并根据示差检测器的谱图合并获取寡糖样品,真空蒸发浓缩后测定电导率并且配合薄层层析进行监控,按照体积比(3/2/2)配置1-丁醇、乙酸、水混合液作为层析液,通过硅胶层析板层析60min,而后使用体积比(1/9)的纯硫酸乙醇混合溶液,130℃,5min显色,若硅胶板出现目的条带证明获得寡糖样品。
(二)寡糖及菌液抗氧化能力检测:将纯化获得的寡糖使用0.01M,pH7.0的Tris-HCl溶解,寡糖浓度为1.0M,寡糖溶液与粗酶液按照1:1体积比混合均匀,使用碧云天生物公司产品编号S0119的总抗氧化能力检测试剂盒(ABTS法),按照说明内容配置ABTS试剂,使用酶标仪测量405nm条件下吸收度(表5)所得的抗氧化标准曲线(图2),获得寡糖抗氧化活性与1.2mmol/L维生素E抗氧化活性当量,由此证明裂解产物结冷胶寡聚糖的活性研究中发现此类具有生理活性的功能性寡聚糖,具有明显的抗氧化活性,而且对于菌株本身的裂解研究发生其自身物质也具有明显的抗氧化活性,两者相辅相成,对于多糖裂解产物功能性寡聚糖的应用开发具有极高价值。
表5
最后,还需要注意的是,以上列举的仅是本发明的若干个具体实施例。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例,还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
序列表
<110> 浙江理工大学
<120> 高活性结冷胶寡糖产生菌及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1234
<212> DNA
<213> 交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.)
<400> 1
gagattggtt accttgttac gacttcaccc cagtcatgaa tcacaccgtg gtaaccgtcc 60
tcccgaaggt tagactagct acttctggtg caacccactc ccatggtgtg acgggcggtg 120
tgtacaaggc ccgggaacgt attcaccgcg acattctgat tcgcgattac tagcgattcc 180
gacttcacgc agtcgggttg cagactgcga tccggactac ggtcggtttt gtgagattag 240
ctccacctcg cggcttggca accctctgta ccgaccattg tagcacgtgt gtagcccagg 300
ccgtaagggc catgatgact tgacgtcatc cccaccttcc tccggtttgt caccggcagt 360
ctccttagag tgcccaccat tacgtgctgg taactaagga caagggttgc gctcgttacg 420
ggacttaacc caacatctca cgacacgagc tgacgacagc catgcagcac ctgtgtcaga 480
gttcccgaag gcaccaatcc atctctggaa agttctctgc atgtcaaggc ctggtaaggt 540
tcttcgcgtt gcttcgaatt aaaccacatg ctccaccgct tgtgcgggcc cccgtcaatt 600
catttgagtt ttaaccttgc ggccgtactc cccaggcggt caacttaatg cgttagctgc 660
gccactaaaa tctcaaggat tccaacggct agttgacatc gtttacggcg tggactacca 720
gggtatctaa tcctgtttgc tccccacgct ttcgcacctc agtgtcagta tcagtccagg 780
tggtcgcctt cgccactggt gttccttcct atatctacgc atttcaccgc tacacaggaa 840
attccaccac cctctaccgt actctagctt gccagttttg gatgcagttc ccaggttgag 900
cccggggctt tcacatccaa cttaacaaac cacctacgcg cgctttacgc ccagtaattc 960
cgattaacgc ttgcaccctc tgtattaccg cggctgctgg cacagagtta gccggtgctt 1020
attctgtcgg taacgtcaaa acagcaaggt attaacttac tgcccttcct cccaacttaa 1080
agtgctttac aatccgaaga ccttcttcac acacgcggca tggctggatc aggctttcgc 1140
ccattgtcca atattcccca ctgctgcctc ccgtaggagt ctggaccgtg tctcagttcc 1200
agtgtgactg atcatcctct cagaccagtt acgg 1234
Claims (3)
1.交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.)PE2,其特征在于:其保藏号为:CGMCC NO:16439。
2.如权利要求1所述的交替假单胞菌PE2的用途,其特征在于:产生结冷胶裂解酶。
3.如权利要求1所述的交替假单胞菌PE2的用途,其特征在于:制备结冷胶寡糖。
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