CN109287528A - A kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method - Google Patents

A kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method Download PDF

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CN109287528A
CN109287528A CN201811169160.3A CN201811169160A CN109287528A CN 109287528 A CN109287528 A CN 109287528A CN 201811169160 A CN201811169160 A CN 201811169160A CN 109287528 A CN109287528 A CN 109287528A
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bighead
feed
fry
weight
pond
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王纪芝
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ecological bighead solid interaction cultural methods, comprising the following steps: (1) pond selection is pre-processed with planning；(2) wild rice stem seedling is transplanted；(3) bighead disinfection impregnates strong sprout with fry stalwartness liquid；(4) it puts in a suitable place to breed and feed management；(5) wild rice stem and adult fish are harvested；The present invention is rich in the base manure of various bioactive components by application, increases soil and water nutrition, and sufficient source of nutrition is provided for entire pond system；Bighead disease is prevented and treated using the wild rice stem of sterilizing substance is secreted in plant growth course, reduces bighead probability of illness；By impregnating fry stalwartness liquid, fry disease resistance is improved, bighead health fast-growth is conducive to；The feed of different ratio composition is fed as bighead growth stage arranges in pairs or groups, is beneficial to bighead weight gain volume increase；By the fingerling of intercropping different levels, fish pond solid space is given full play to, reduces the wasting of resources, increases system output, reaches the target of ecological bighead solid interaction cultivation.

Description

A kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to fresh water aquaculture field more particularly to a kind of ecological bighead solid interaction cultural methods.
Background technique
Bighead (Aristichthys nobilis)Be called variegated carp, big head, packet header fish, bullhead, black silver carp, numb silver carp, Cry milter.It is one kind of fresh-water fishes, there is the refined title of " street cleaner in water ", is Chinese Endemic fish, it is very wide in distribution in China range, Same silver carp, black carp, grass carp are referred to collectively as " four large Chinese carps " of CHINESE FRESHWATER cultivation.Bighead figure is flat-sided, head it is larger and Width, lymphogranuloma inguinale is roomy, and slightly upwarps, and eye position is lower.Bighead is grown in freshwater lake, river, reservoir, pond, is distributed in more Waters is at the middle and upper levels, warm-natured suitable, is slow in action, and is one of the main object of pond culture and reservoir fishery, economic value is higher. Edible bighead, the effect that IQ is improved to human body, enhancing memory, supplement the nutrients, delay senescence.Circle kiss silver xenocypris is primary fresh water Fish inhabits in rivers and creeks and lake, subjacent waters, omnivorousness.Under field conditions (factors), it mainly ingests all clump food, including silk The algae such as shape diatom, cyanobacteria, green alga additionally eat organic debris and a small amount of zooplankter, aquatic insect etc..Misgurnus Cobitidae Misgurnus, body is small and justifies, and subcutaneously has ramentum, color blueness is black, has been stained with the mucus of itself from head to foot, mainly inhabits lower water Domain is food with planktonic organism, aquatic insect, crustacean, aquatic higher plants clast and other fish excretas.In China Various regions are distributed cultivation, after loach captures, can using fresh herb or drying use, it is edible, be used as medicine.Loach is referred to as " ginseng in water ", It is a kind of very high fish of nutritive value.Bighead, circle kiss silver xenocypris, loach three arrange in pairs or groups and cultivate, and can give full play to water body inner space, reach To the purpose of three-dimensional culture.
The practice discovery of cultivation bighead for many years, the pest and disease damage for endangering bighead is mainly bacterium class and parasite type disease, tool Body mainly has stigmatosis, fin rot, Trichodina, sinergasilliasis, saprolegniasis and explosive hemorrhage etc., with the harm of bacterium class It is larger, greater loss is brought to cultivation.The fin rot of bighead seriously affects bighead and ingests, and eventually leads to bighead and stops eating until dead It dies.Annual climate modification season, bighead are sensitive to the climatic changes, and weaken the resistance to environment in pest resistance physiologically It is poor high-incidence so as to cause fish disease.Current conventional control method mainly has chemical antiphlogistic medicament to spread fertilizer over the fields and the sides such as monomer feeding On the one hand method increases cost, on the other hand be easy to cause medicament residue, reduces bighead commodity.Therefore, current bighead cultivation Diseases prevention emphasis be, exploration practice bighead cultivate when collocation plant have sterilization beneficial aquatic vegetation, with Reach the target of bighead ecologic breeding.
Wild rice stem is the perennial aquatic perennial plant of grass family, and leaf is formed by blade and leaf sheath two parts, at base portion 2-7 section Meristematic cell hyperplasia enlarges into the tender fleshy stem of fertilizer, i.e. edible wild rice stem.Wild rice stem has the function of clearing heat and detoxicating, is one The excellent aquatic vegetable of kind, wild rice stem can reject water nutrition, play the role of purifying water；Correlative study shows: wild rice stem is certainly In body growth and development process, as the development of newborn rhizome can be secreted with bactericidal antiphlogistic effect Flavonoid substances；Bighead is filtering When passing through wild rice stem growing area during food feed, controlling disease can be played the role of, and bighead excreta sends out the growth of wild rice stem Educating also has certain growth-promoting functions, to constitute the energy-efficient novel ecological aquaculture model of plantation, cultivation one.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in bighead breeding process present in background technique, and water body utilization rate is not high and bighead disease biological The problems such as prevention and treatment, proposes a kind of ecological bighead solid interaction cultural method.
A kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) pond selection is pre-processed with planning: selection is had abundant water resources, and water quality is good, pollution-free, is easy to irrigation and drainage, convenient for management Pond, pool subsoil matter require mud deep, and water retention property is good；Late March is cleaned up the pond using dry pool method, spreads fertilizer over the fields raw stone per acre Grey 50-60kg, shines thereafter the pool 10-15 days；A planter units are divided by every 4-6 mus, play wide 0.8-1.2m, high 1.2-1.8m Ridge, then uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields base manure, base manure dosage 2800-3600kg/ mus per acre；Base manure is turned over bury after discharge water 5-8cm, it is standby With；
(2) wild rice stem seedling: early April is transplanted, the wild rice stem seedling cultivated is transplanted along ridge both sides and is planted, wild rice stem spacing in the rows 25- 30cm, line-spacing 60cm, mu is with 800-1000 plants of seedling amount, to ensure to transplant the 20-30% that wild rice stem area accounts for entire pond area, with The depth of water is gradually deepened in wild rice stem growth, thereafter Routine Management wild rice stem；
(3) bighead disinfection impregnates strong sprout: mid-May with fry stalwartness liquid, and the bighead fry that will be cultivated first uses the light salt brine of 2-5% 5-8min is impregnated, is cultivated 8-12 days in the nursery pond for spilling fry stalwartness liquid later, the dosage of fry stalwartness liquid is 2-3L/ m3；
(4) breed fish fry and feed management: late May puts the bighead fry handled well in step (3) in a suitable place to breed and intercropping loach, circle are kissed Silver xenocypris fry；Bighead fry specification 200-350g, mantissa are 200-300 tail/mu；Mud fish fry specification is 4-6cm, puts mantissa 800- in a suitable place to breed 1000 tails/mu；Circle kiss silver xenocypris fry specification is 100-150g, and mantissa is 80-100 tail/mu；Bighead feed management by following scheme into Row: 5-7 month is assisted based on growth-promoting feed with mineral feed, wherein growth-promoting feed and mineral feed are by weight 8-12:1；In 8-11 month, feed conventional feed, wherein conventional feed composition is by weight: maize flour 50-60, rice 15-20, Bean dregs 15-20, rice bran 10-15, fish meal 3-5, salt 0.1-0.3；March next year in December-, based on conventional feed, auxiliary with Bioactive feed, wherein conventional feed and bioactive feed are 6-8:1 by weight；Feed dosage is the same as general fish pond, choosing It selects in wild rice stem growing area and spreads fertilizer over the fields ground as feed fixed point, other management measures are the same as general fish pond；
(5) harvest wild rice stem and adult fish: early or mid October takes harvest wild rice stem；Second year early March cleans up the pond and harvests loach, circle kiss Silver xenocypris and grown bighead carp.
Base manure ingredient is by weight in the step (1): hog manure 330-370, dregs of beans 20-30, rapeseed dregs of rice 20-30, Corn stover 30-40, Sunflower Stalk 20-24, rice bran 18-26, rice husk 20-30, vinasse 8-12, sunflower seed shell 10-14, bamboo scraps 12-16, Vermiculite 6-12, bagasse 4-6, mushroom residue 3-4, silkworm excrement 6-10, bone meal 10-16.
Base manure ingredient is by weight in the step (1): hog manure 350, dregs of beans 25, rapeseed dregs of rice 25, corn stover 35, Sunflower Stalk 22, rice bran 22, rice husk 25, vinasse 10, sunflower seed shell 12, bamboo scraps 14, vermiculite 9, bagasse 5, mushroom residue 3.5, silkworm excrement 8, Bone meal 13.
Fry stalwartness liquid and preparation method thereof in the step (3) are as follows: take 2-3 parts of rheum officinale, 4-5 parts of dried orange peel, 6-8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 6-8 parts of purple perilla, 7-9 parts of scutellaria, 4-6 parts of garlic, 2-3 parts of honeysuckle, 6-8 parts of lobelia chinensis, 4-6 parts of ginger, 6-8 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, will The sterile water of 20 times of weight is added in mentioned component after grinding, 48-56h is impregnated at 36-42 DEG C, thereafter with 800 mesh spun yarns Cloth filtering, is added dibromo dimethyl hydantoin thereto and dimethyl-β-thiopropionate to its concentration is respectively 10-15ppm and 25- 30ppm obtains fry stalwartness liquid.
Growth-promoting feed components are by weight in the step (4): maize flour 50-60, bean dregs 15-20, watermelon peel 12- 16, rice bran 10-15, fish meal 3-5, Allium macrostemon 2-3, Zostera marina 3-4, green peel 1-3, calcium citrate 0.2-0.3, sodium vitamin C powder 0.1-0.2, multivita-glucose 0.2-0.3.
Growth-promoting feed components are by weight in the step (4): maize flour 55, bean dregs 17, watermelon peel 14, rice bran 13, Fish meal 4, Allium macrostemon 2.5, Zostera marina 3.5, green peel 2, calcium citrate 0.25, sodium vitamin C powder 0.15, multivita-glucose 0.25.
Step (4) the Minerals feed components are by weight: bone meal 8-12, egg-shell meal 4-5, calcite 3-4, bentonite 4-5, turf 2-3, conch meal 2-3, salt 0.1-0.3, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2.
Step (4) the Minerals feed components are by weight: bone meal 10, egg-shell meal 4.5, calcite 3.5, bentonite 4.5, turf 2.5, conch meal 2.5, salt 0.2, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15.
Bioactive feed composition is by weight in the step (4): honeysuckle 2-3, sweet potato cane leaves 4-5, cordate houttuynia 4- 5, Chinese celery 8-10, dry ferment 0.1-0.3, bacillus 0.1-0.2.
Bioactive feed composition is by weight in the step (4): honeysuckle 2.5, sweet potato cane leaves 4.5, cordate houttuynia 4.5, Chinese celery 9, dry ferment 0.2, bacillus 0.15.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, it is rich in the base manure of various bioactive components by applying, increases soil and water nutrition, is entire pond system Sufficient source of nutrition is provided；
2, bighead disease is prevented and treated using the wild rice stem of sterilizing substance is secreted in plant growth course, it is general reduces bighead illness Rate, to improve bighead yield；
3, it is rich in the fry stalwartness liquid of a variety of Chinese medicine composition by impregnating, improves the disease resistance and ingestion ability of bighead fry, To be conducive to bighead health fast-growth；
4, based on early stage feeding growth-promoting feed, supplemented by mineral feed, accelerate the growth of bighead early stage fish body；Mid-term feeding is conventional to raise Material, save the cost；Later period conventional feed collocation bioactive feed, improves bighead quality；It is raised as bighead growth stage arranges in pairs or groups The feed for feeding different ratio composition is beneficial to bighead weight gain, volume increase, increases matter；
5, by the fingerling of intercropping different levels, fish pond solid space is given full play to, reduces the wasting of resources, increases system and produces Out, reach the target of bighead solid interaction cultivation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, explanation is further explained to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The invention proposes a kind of this ecological bighead solid interaction cultural methods, include the following steps:
(1) pond selection is pre-processed with planning: in March, 2017, research team have abundant water resources in Jiangsu Baima lake farm, selection, Water quality is good, pollution-free, is easy to irrigation and drainage, and convenient for the pond of management, pool subsoil matter requires mud deep, and water retention property is good；3 It in the last ten-days period moon, is cleaned up the pond using dry pool method, spreads fertilizer over the fields quick lime 55kg per acre, shine the pool thereafter 12 days；It is single that a plantation is divided by every 5 mu Member plays the ridge of wide 1.0m, high 1.5m, then uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, and base manure dosage 3200kg/ mus per acre；Wherein base manure ingredient By weight: hog manure 350, dregs of beans 25, rapeseed dregs of rice 25, corn stover 35, Sunflower Stalk 22, rice bran 22, rice husk 25, vinasse 10, sunflower seed shell 12, bamboo scraps 14, vermiculite 9, bagasse 5, mushroom residue 3.5, silkworm excrement 8, bone meal 13；Base manure is turned over bury after discharge water 5- 8cm, it is spare；
(2) wild rice stem seedling: early April is transplanted, the wild rice stem seedling cultivated is transplanted along ridge both sides and is planted, wild rice stem spacing in the rows 25- 30cm, line-spacing 60cm, mu are raw with wild rice stem to ensure to transplant the 20-30% that wild rice stem area accounts for entire pond area with 900 plants of seedling amount Length gradually deepens the depth of water, thereafter Routine Management wild rice stem；
(3) bighead disinfection with fry stalwartness liquid impregnate strong sprout: mid-May, the bighead fry that will be cultivated, first with 3.5% light salt brine 6min is impregnated, is cultivated 10 days in the nursery pond for spilling fry stalwartness liquid later, the dosage of fry stalwartness liquid is 2-3L/m3；Fish Seedling stalwartness liquid and preparation method thereof are as follows: take 2.5 parts of rheum officinale, 4.5 parts of dried orange peel, 7 parts of cordate houttuynia, 7 parts of purple perilla, 8 parts of scutellaria, 5 parts of garlic, gold The sterile water of 20 times of weight is added in 2.5 parts of honeysuckle flower, 7 parts of lobelia chinensis, 5 parts of ginger, 7 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae after grinding mentioned component, 52h is impregnated at 39 DEG C, is filtered with 800 mesh crocus cloths thereafter, and dibromo dimethyl hydantoin and dimethyl-β-propionic acid are added thereto Thetin to its concentration is respectively 12ppm and 28ppm, obtains fry stalwartness liquid；
(4) breed fish fry and feed management: late May puts the bighead fry handled well in step (3) in a suitable place to breed and intercropping loach, circle are kissed Silver xenocypris fry；Bighead fry specification 200-350g, mantissa are 250 tails/mu；Mud fish fry specification be 4-6cm, put in a suitable place to breed 900 tail of mantissa/ Mu；Circle kiss silver xenocypris fry specification is 100-150g, and mantissa is 90 tails/mu；Bighead feed management is carried out by following scheme: 5-7 month, Based on growth-promoting feed, assist with mineral feed, wherein growth-promoting feed and mineral feed are 10:1 by weight；Growth-promoting Feed components are by weight: maize flour 55, bean dregs 17, watermelon peel 14, rice bran 13, fish meal 4, Allium macrostemon 2.5, Zostera marina 3.5, green Skin 2, calcium citrate 0.25, sodium vitamin C powder 0.15, multivita-glucose 0.25；Mineral feed composition is by weight: bone meal 10, Egg-shell meal 4.5, calcite 3.5, bentonite 4.5, turf 2.5, conch meal 2.5, salt 0.2, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15；The 8-11 month Part, feed conventional feed, composition by weight: maize flour 55, rice 18, bean dregs 18, rice bran 12, fish meal 4, salt 0.2；12 In the March moon-next year, based on conventional feed, auxiliary is with bioactive feed, and wherein conventional feed and bioactive feed are by weight Amount is than being 7:1；Bioactive feed composition is by weight: honeysuckle 2.5, sweet potato cane leaves 4.5, cordate houttuynia 4.5, Chinese celery 9, dry ferment Female 0.2, bacillus 0.15；Feed dosage selects to spread fertilizer over the fields ground as feed fixed point in wild rice stem growing area with general fish pond, other Management measure is the same as general fish pond；
(5) harvest wild rice stem and adult fish: early or mid October takes harvest wild rice stem；Second year early March cleans up the pond and harvests loach, circle kiss Silver xenocypris and grown bighead carp.Each yield, the data obtained such as table 2, table 3 are counted after harvest.
Embodiment 2
For the beneficial effect for verifying fry stalwartness liquid in route of the present invention, research team is done accordingly in farm fish pond to having a competition It tests, specific test method is as follows.
The present invention: 180 tail of bighead fry of same size kind in Example 1, every 60 tail are one group, repeat 3 groups, adopt With the method in embodiment 1, the fry for having soaked fry stalwartness liquid is put in a suitable place to breed into fish pond, observe and record survival rate of fish fry and its is good for Kang Chengdu, as a result such as table 1.
Conventional treatment: 180 tail of bighead fry of same size kind in Example 1, every 60 tail are one group, repeat 3 groups, After impregnating 10min with 3% sodium chloride solution, puts in a suitable place to breed into fish pond, observe and record survival rate of fish fry and its robustness, as a result As shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, relatively conventional in survival rate by the processed fry of fry stalwartness liquid in route of the present invention Processing increases, and fry body surface color is deep, glossy, and active active, ingestion ability is strong；This may be in fry stalwartness liquid The plurality of Chinese bioactive ingredients being rich in and dimethyl-β-thiopropionate etc. are to fry robustness and fry transport process object Restorative beneficial effect after reason damage.
Embodiment 3
For the beneficial effect for verifying the base manure applied in route of the present invention, research team adopts in addition to base manure is replaced with hog manure With identical method and step in same embodiment 1, in same farm 120m2Bighead, survey after harvest and produce, as a result such as 2 institute of table Show.
Embodiment 4
For the beneficial effect for verifying the feed of collocation growth period in route of the present invention, research team removes and replaces each stage feed It changes into outside conventional feed, using identical method and step in same embodiment 1, in same farm 120m2Bighead, after harvest It surveys and produces, the results are shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 5
Research team is on same farm, using disclosed in patent of invention CN105875446A " a kind of fresh water bighead cultural method " Method and step cultivates 120m2Bighead, survey after harvest and produce, the results are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, comparative example 1 and embodiment 3, it will be seen that the base manure of application is to bighead counterpoise And yield has a distinct increment, this is because the various bioactive components being rich in base manure, increase water nutrition, improves The quality and quantity of algae and planktonic organism in water finally reaches so that allowing bighead to be able to filter eats more algae and planktonic organism To the effect of weight gain volume increase；Comparative example 1 and embodiment 4, it has been found that bighead different stages of growth are met by feeding Feed, counterpoise and yield to bighead have a distinct increment, this may be because growth-promoting early period feed and mineral feed promote Fish body shaped growth, mid-term conventional feed reduce cost, and later period conventional feed and bioactive feed increase bighead quality；It is right Than embodiment 1 and embodiment 5, it has been found that compared to conventional cultivation bighead, the present invention mentions respectively on bighead counterpoise and yield It is high by 22.6% and 33.7%, and the by-product for increasing circle kiss silver xenocypris, loach and wild rice stem goes out, to improve cultivation to greatest extent Income.
Embodiment 6
For the beneficial effect for verifying the wild rice stem planted in the technology of the present invention route and intercropping circle kiss silver xenocypris, loach, research team is same Relevant comparative's test is done on one farm, and the specific method is as follows, acquired results such as table 3.
Comparative example 1: in addition to no longer transplanting wild rice stem, using identical method and step in same embodiment 1,120 m are cultivated2Flathead Fish is surveyed after harvest and produces, as a result such as table 3.
Comparative example 2: in addition to no longer intercropping circle kiss silver xenocypris, loach, using identical method and step in same embodiment 1, cultivation 120 m2Bighead, survey after harvest and produce, as a result such as table 3.
Comparative example 3: wild rice stem is transplanted using conventional method, Zizania latifolia Cultivars specification transplants one mu of wild rice stem, wild rice stem with embodiment 1 It surveys and produces after harvest, as a result such as table 3.
From table 3 it has been observed that the comparative example 1 for no longer transplanting wild rice stem kisses silver xenocypris and loach in bighead, circle compared to embodiment 1 Yield on declined, this may be due to no longer transplanting wild rice stem after, the one side shoal of fish has lacked part of the food source, another Aspect purifies water since wild rice stem itself has, and cleans the effect of water body, and wild rice stem can be secreted in growth and development process and have Flavonoids, the polyphenols of sterilizing effect cause degree of water pollution increased, bighead no longer after plant wild rice stem And other fingerlings no longer can obtain natural antimicrobial substances by shuttle wild rice stem field when filter food feed, therefore produce part disease Fish has eventually led to yield and reduction is totally presented.
The no longer comparative example 2 of intercropping circle kiss silver xenocypris and loach is compared to embodiment 1, and Water Bamboo Yield slightly reduces, this may be Due to reducing loach to the loose ventilation effect of lower soil and the excrement nutrient of circle kiss silver xenocypris, loach, make wild rice stem root system development It is poor, Water Bamboo Yield is affected, the yield of final bighead also slightly reduces.
After the wild rice stem for individually transplanting same size using conventional method, it has been found that the yield of wild rice stem has compared with the present invention It is reduced, this may be since a variety of fingerlings of intercropping of the present invention are movable in the system of pond, and the excreta of generation has natural The effect of fertilizer, and space collocation of the invention is more rationally efficient.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) pond selection is pre-processed with planning: selection is had abundant water resources, and water quality is good, pollution-free, is easy to irrigation and drainage, convenient for management Pond, pool subsoil matter require mud deep, and water retention property is good；Late March is cleaned up the pond using dry pool method, spreads fertilizer over the fields raw stone per acre Grey 50-60kg, shines thereafter the pool 10-15 days；A planter units are divided by every 4-6 mus, play wide 0.8-1.2m, high 1.2-1.8m Ridge, then uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields base manure, base manure dosage 2800-3600kg/ mus per acre；Base manure is turned over bury after discharge water 5-8cm, it is standby With；
(2) wild rice stem seedling: early April is transplanted, the wild rice stem seedling cultivated is transplanted along ridge both sides and is planted, wild rice stem spacing in the rows 25- 30cm, line-spacing 60cm, mu is with 800-1000 plants of seedling amount, to ensure to transplant the 20-30% that wild rice stem area accounts for entire pond area, with The depth of water is gradually deepened in wild rice stem growth, thereafter Routine Management wild rice stem；
(3) bighead disinfection impregnates strong sprout: mid-May with fry stalwartness liquid, and the bighead fry that will be cultivated first uses the light salt brine of 2-5% 5-8min is impregnated, is cultivated 8-12 days in the nursery pond for spilling fry stalwartness liquid later, the dosage of fry stalwartness liquid is 2-3L/ m3；
(4) breed fish fry and feed management: late May puts the bighead fry handled well in step (3) in a suitable place to breed and intercropping loach, circle are kissed Silver xenocypris fry；Bighead fry specification 200-350g, mantissa are 200-300 tail/mu；Mud fish fry specification is 4-6cm, puts mantissa 800- in a suitable place to breed 1000 tails/mu；Circle kiss silver xenocypris fry specification is 100-150g, and mantissa is 80-100 tail/mu；Bighead feed management by following scheme into Row: 5-7 month is assisted based on growth-promoting feed with mineral feed, wherein growth-promoting feed and mineral feed are by weight 8-12:1；In 8-11 month, feed conventional feed, wherein conventional feed composition is by weight: maize flour 50-60, rice 15-20, Bean dregs 15-20, rice bran 10-15, fish meal 3-5, salt 0.1-0.3；March next year in December-, based on conventional feed, auxiliary with Bioactive feed, wherein conventional feed and bioactive feed are 6-8:1 by weight；Feed dosage is the same as general fish pond, choosing It selects in wild rice stem growing area and spreads fertilizer over the fields ground as feed fixed point, other management measures are the same as general fish pond；
(5) harvest wild rice stem and adult fish: early or mid October takes harvest wild rice stem；Second year early March cleans up the pond and harvests loach, circle kiss Silver xenocypris and grown bighead carp.
2. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that base in the step (1) Fertile ingredient is by weight: hog manure 330-370, dregs of beans 20-30, rapeseed dregs of rice 20-30, corn stover 30-40, Sunflower Stalk 20- 24, rice bran 18-26, rice husk 20-30, vinasse 8-12, sunflower seed shell 10-14, bamboo scraps 12-16, vermiculite 6-12, bagasse 4-6, mushroom Slag 3-4, silkworm excrement 6-10, bone meal 10-16.
3. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that base in the step (1) Fertile ingredient is by weight: hog manure 350, dregs of beans 25, rapeseed dregs of rice 25, corn stover 35, Sunflower Stalk 22, rice bran 22, rice husk 25, Vinasse 10, sunflower seed shell 12, bamboo scraps 14, vermiculite 9, bagasse 5, mushroom residue 3.5, silkworm excrement 8, bone meal 13.
4. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fish in the step (3) Seedling stalwartness liquid and preparation method thereof are as follows: take 2-3 parts of rheum officinale, 4-5 parts of dried orange peel, 6-8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 6-8 parts of purple perilla, 7-9 parts of scutellaria, garlic 4-6 parts, 2-3 parts of honeysuckle, 6-8 parts of lobelia chinensis, 4-6 parts of ginger, 6-8 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, are added 20 after mentioned component is ground The sterile water of times weight, impregnates 48-56h at 36-42 DEG C, is filtered with 800 mesh crocus cloths thereafter, and dibromo diformazan is added thereto Base glycolylurea and dimethyl-β-thiopropionate to its concentration are respectively 10-15ppm and 25-30ppm, obtain fry stalwartness liquid.
5. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that promote in the step (4) Natural disposition feed components are by weight: maize flour 50-60, bean dregs 15-20, watermelon peel 12-16, rice bran 10-15, fish meal 3-5, rootlet Garlic 2-3, Zostera marina 3-4, green peel 1-3, calcium citrate 0.2-0.3, sodium vitamin C powder 0.1-0.2, multivita-glucose 0.2-0.3.
6. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that promote in the step (4) Natural disposition feed components are by weight: maize flour 55, bean dregs 17, watermelon peel 14, rice bran 13, fish meal 4, Allium macrostemon 2.5, Zostera marina 3.5, green peel 2, calcium citrate 0.25, sodium vitamin C powder 0.15, multivita-glucose 0.25.
7. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) chats Object feed components are by weight: bone meal 8-12, egg-shell meal 4-5, calcite 3-4, bentonite 4-5, turf 2-3, conch meal 2-3, Salt 0.1-0.3, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2.
8. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) chats Object feed components are by weight: bone meal 10, egg-shell meal 4.5, calcite 3.5, bentonite 4.5, turf 2.5, conch meal 2.5, food Salt 0.2, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15.
9. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that raw in the step (4) Object activated feed composition is by weight: honeysuckle 2-3, sweet potato cane leaves 4-5, cordate houttuynia 4-5, Chinese celery 8-10, dry ferment 0.1- 0.3, bacillus 0.1-0.2.
10. ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that raw in the step (4) Object activated feed composition is by weight: honeysuckle 2.5, sweet potato cane leaves 4.5, cordate houttuynia 4.5, Chinese celery 9, dry ferment 0.2, gemma bar Bacterium 0.15.
CN201811169160.3A 2018-10-08 2018-10-08 A kind of ecology bighead solid interaction cultural method Pending CN109287528A (en)

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