CN109220269A - A kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time - Google Patents

A kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109220269A
CN109220269A CN201811295380.0A CN201811295380A CN109220269A CN 109220269 A CN109220269 A CN 109220269A CN 201811295380 A CN201811295380 A CN 201811295380A CN 109220269 A CN109220269 A CN 109220269A
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cuttings
cuttage
magnolia wufengensis
root
wufengensis
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贾忠奎
王艺
马履
马履一
施晓灯
桑子阳
朱仲龙
段劼
邓世鑫
尹群
陈思雨
张山山
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Beijing Forestry University
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Beijing Forestry University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time, comprising the following steps: the preparation before 1. cuttages;2. the acquisition and preparation of cuttings;3. cuttings sterilizes;4. cuttings is impregnated;5. cuttage;6. being managed after cuttage.The present invention is using the raw Magnolia wufengensis seedling of 5-6 as scion-seed tree, and the current year raw semi-lignified branch for choosing tree crown middle layer is raw material, and cuttings base portion is impregnated before cuttage with root-growing agent.Shaded using shading net, and interval sprays water mist, can effectively keep cuttage canopy interior and the temperature and humidity of plugging soil, promote cuttage rooting.The invention has the advantages that improving the rooting rate of Magnolia wufengensis shoot cutting, the low technical barrier of Magnolia wufengensis cutting plantation has been captured, the long deficiency of large nursery stocks cultivation period has been overcome, is conducive to the fast-propagation of Magnolia wufengensis.

Description

A kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reproduction technique of trees, specifically a kind of Magnolia wufengensis based on optimal crown canopy time is tender Branch cuttage breeding method.
Background technique
Magnolia wufengensis (Magnolia wufengensis L.Y.Ma et L.R.Wang) is Beijing Forestry University Ma Lvyi The Magnoliacea plant novel species found when Plant Resource of Magnoliaceae investigation is carried out in Hubei Wu Feng within professor et al. 2004.Before this In formally recording, yulan only has white, purple and single side pink, and complete red yulan still belongs to the first time at home inside and outside discovery, Only five peaks are exclusive.
Magnolia wufengensis wild resource is only distributed in Wufeng County, and Magnolia wufengensis hayashishita seedling is dilute under natural conditions It is few, difficulty is updated, percentage of seedgermination and storage rate are all lower, and conventional seed planting mode of reproduction is not easy seedling, therefore is badly in need of to safflower Yulan carries out the research of vegetative propagation, this not only contributes to industrial seedling rearing, improves Magnolia wufengensis reproductive efficiency, and reduction is produced into This, but also the clone of merit can be filtered out, needed for meeting production, watching, to Magnolia wufengensis scientific research, application value Exploitation be of great significance.Magnolia wufengensis breeding common at this stage mostly uses grafting and Mode of sowing and seedling propagation, and cuttage is numerous It grows since rooting rate is lower, one is directly subordinate to the problem not being hacked.
Inventor passes through a large amount of Cutting test, and discovery cuttage is the feasible method of Magnolia wufengensis fast-propagation, and summarizes A set of more complete Magnolia wufengensis shoot cutting technical system is gone out.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the deficiency in order to make up existing Technique on Cuttage Propagation, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to take root The higher Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method of rate.This method is easy to operate practical, easy to spread, cutting plantation can be made to reach To 72%.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is, choose it is healthy and strong, grow fine, The raw Magnolia wufengensis seedling of the 5-6 of no disease and pests harm is that scion-seed tree intercepts cuttings, and late May, seedling tree crown middle layer is worked as Year, semi-lignified state was presented in raw branch, and nutritious substances accumulation is suitable for that blade state is good, and leaf bud is full, can adopt at this time Collect fringe processed, carries out cuttage.Specific steps include:
A. the preparation before cuttage: the slotting machine of long 6m, width 1.5m, high 15cm are puzzled in advance, and builds 1m high on slotting machine top Arched shed, along ceiling with hose be laid with self-timing spray equipment, select river sand as cutting medium, before cuttage to matrix into Row adequate disinfection;
B. the acquisition and preparation of cuttings: the acquisition of cuttings is preferably selected the cloudy day or cloudy weather carries out, and chooses healthy and strong, long Gesture is good, the no disease and pests harm raw Magnolia wufengensis seedling of 5-6 is scion-seed tree, acquisition branch fringe, and each cuttings is about 12- 15cm retains half leaf of cuttings top 2-3 piece and 2-3 full buds, and upper lower cut is truncation, and guarantees that notch is smooth, is prevented Incision is rotted;
C. the disinfection of cuttings: the cuttings sheared is totally immersed into cuttings disinfectant adequately disinfected;
Cuttings Cheng Bales after disinfection: being put the morphology upper and lower side for neatly paying attention to cuttings to be distinguished by the D. immersion of cuttings, Cuttings base portion is immersed in the bucket for filling root-growing agent, keeps cuttings upright, and guarantee that every stem cutting fringe base portion can be dipped into and take root Agent, while noticing that the blade of cuttings cannot be stained with root-growing agent;
E. cuttage: shakeouing matrix before cuttage, sprinkles profoundly water, and it is soft wet to keep matrix, and in advance with slightly than diameter Wide punch equally spacedly prepares jack on slotting machine, to prevent abrasion cuttings base portion, hole depth 4-6cm, when cuttage it is noted that The morphology upper and lower side for distinguishing cuttings, prevents from inserting, while keeping the direction of blade consistent, and cuttage is deep-controlled in 4-6cm model In enclosing, it is compacted matrix with hand after cuttage, makes plugging soil and cuttings base portion close contact, and drenched matrix with water immediately;
F. manage after cuttage: being sterilized 1 time after cuttage every 7d, inspect periodically on slotting machine whether with weeds and pest and disease damage simultaneously It takes corresponding measure to prevent and control, spray time interval is rationally set according to weather condition, guarantee cuttage seedbed not water shortage Not ponding, blade surface forms water membrane, while carrying out shade measure, and at 19-29 DEG C, air is opposite to be contained control temperature of shed Water rate is 85%-100%, and the soil moisture is within the scope of 21-29 DEG C.
In order to improve rooting rate, 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate is selected in the nursery bed disinfection agent, and is needed at least in cuttage First 2-3 days adequately disinfected to matrix, and through solar exposure two days.
The cuttings is prepared by the current year raw semi-lignified branch in tree crown middle layer.Late May, under tree crown upper layer and tree crown Though layer newly germinates branch out containing more auxin substance, its degree of lignification is low compared with middle layer, and branch is excessively young tender, It easily rots when cuttage, and its nutritious substances accumulation is few, it is difficult to provide foot to cuttage root-taking period longer Magnolia wufengensis cuttings Enough nutrition supplies.
The cuttings disinfectant is 800 times of liquid carbendazim, and need to impregnate 1min in 800 times of liquid of carbendazim.
The root-growing agent is the NAA solution of 1000mg/L.
The blade of the cuttings need to be trimmed to original half, that is, stay half leaf, since Magnolia wufengensis blade is larger, and During cuttage, cuttings itself not yet forms good water conservation water suction mechanism, thus blade need to be done it is some trimming with reduce due to Transpiration and the loss of water generated.
Soaking time of the cuttings in root-growing agent need to be 2h, and soaking time is too short, and root-growing agent effect is difficult to play, Soaking time is too long, is easy that cuttings is made to rot, therefore need to get hold of soaking time to guarantee the best performance facilitation of root-growing agent.
The disinfectant used when managing after the cuttage is 800 times of liquid of carbendazim, after cuttage, is needed periodically to cuttings and seedling Bed carries out disinfection, and prevents the generation of pest and disease damage.
The utility model has the advantages that the rooting rate of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation can be significantly improved, so that rooting rate reaches 72%, The low technical barrier of Magnolia wufengensis cutting plantation has been captured, Magnolia wufengensis breeding process has been accelerated, is the big of its germ plasm resource Amount expansion is numerous to provide technological guidance.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is the rooting effect scoring exemplary diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to example, the present invention is described in further detail.It should be pointed out that the present embodiment is to of the invention Principle and feature are described, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, overcome the long technology of large nursery stocks cultivation period Deficiency is conducive to the breeding process for accelerating Magnolia wufengensis, provides guidance for the fast-propagation of its germ plasm resource.
Embodiment 1.
For one kind based on optimal crown canopy time Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, specific operating procedure is as follows:
Preparation before cuttage: the slotting machine of long 6m, width 1.5m, high 15cm are puzzled in advance, and builds 1m's high on slotting machine top Arched shed is laid with self-timing spray equipment along ceiling hose.Select river sand as cutting medium, before cuttage 2-3 days with dense Degree carries out adequate disinfection to matrix for 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate;And squirt matrix, it shakeouts, it is spare;
The acquisition and preparation of cuttings: on May 23rd, 2018, cloudy day.It chooses stalwartness, grow fine, lifes in 6 years of no disease and pests harm Magnolia wufengensis seedling acquires the current year raw semi-lignified branch in tree crown middle layer, intercepts branch middle and upper part system as scion-seed tree Cuttings, every stem cutting spike length 15cm stay 2 half leaves, and stay 2-3 full buds, and upper lower cut is truncation, guarantee that notch is smooth, Prevent incision from rotting;
Cuttings disinfection: preparing 800 times of liquid of carbendazim, and the cuttings made is totally immersed into wherein, 1min is impregnated;
Cuttings is impregnated: the cuttings Cheng Bales after disinfection being put to the morphology upper and lower side for neatly paying attention to distinguishing cuttings, Jiang Cheng Bales The base portion of cuttings immerses in 1000mg/L NAA solution, guarantees that every stem cutting fringe base portion can be dipped into solution, while paying attention to cuttings Blade cannot be stained with root-growing agent;
Cuttage: shakeouing matrix before cuttage, sprinkles profoundly water, and it is soft wet to keep matrix, and in advance with more slightly wider than diameter Punch jack is equally spacedly prepared on slotting machine, prevent abrasion cuttings base portion, hole depth 5cm.The court of blade is kept when cuttage To consistent.Cuttage depth is 5cm, is compacted matrix with hand after cuttage, makes plugging soil and cuttings base portion close contact, and drenched immediately with water Saturating matrix;
Managed after cuttage: every 7d 800 times of carbendazim liquid disinfectant 1 time after cuttage, inspect periodically on slotting machine whether with Weeds and pest and disease damage simultaneously take corresponding measure to prevent and control, and spray time interval is rationally arranged according to weather condition, guarantees Ponding, blade surface do not form water membrane to water shortage yet in cuttage seedbed.Shade measure is carried out simultaneously.Control temperature of shed exists 19-29 DEG C, air relative moisture content is 85%-100%, and the soil moisture is within the scope of 21-29 DEG C.
Actual effect: observation spray is taken root situation after cultivating 80 days, and cutting plantation reaches 72%.
Embodiment 2.
1 experimental design: on May 23rd, 2018, in the Forest Cultivation subject greenhouse of Beijing Forestry University vulture peak proving ground Cuttage canopy has been built to be tested.Single factor test completely randomized experiment more different cuttings acquisitions position is designed to Magnolia wufengensis cuttage The influence taken root.Using the NAA solution of 1000mg/L as root-growing agent, respectively from tree crown upper layer, tree crown middle layer and tree crown lower layer Acquisition current year, raw semi-lignified branch prepared cuttings, and totally 3 processing, every 30 plants of cuttings of processing cuttage are repeated 3 times.
The acquisition position for removing cuttings is different outer, other basic operations during cuttage with the phase in claims Together, it does not repeat herein.
2 take root situation statistics: the growing state of continuous observation cuttings base portion after cuttage, statistics is taken root feelings after cuttage 80 days Condition counts the rooting rate of each processing, the quantity of taking root of every stem cutting fringe, average root long, average root diameter, rooting effect scoring rate. Length is accurate to 0.01cm, and diameter is accurate to 0.01mm.
The rooting effect of cuttings scores: cuttage root system being divided into 3 grades, is assessed as 1,2,3 points respectively.By cuttings base portion Level-one radical less than 3, it is more single underdeveloped without second level root, root system, be assessed as 1 point;It is small that cuttings base portion level-one radical is greater than 3 In 7, have second level root system, Root Distribution more uniformly, thickness it is moderate, be assessed as 2 points;Cuttings base portion root system development is more complete Kind, lateral root series is more than or equal to 7, has good fixed function to the cutting medium around root system, is assessed as 3 points.3 when scoring People carries out comprehensive score to root system together, finally calculates final score value of three's mean value as each cuttings.
Wherein: N1For the quantity for the cuttage seeding that root system scoring is 1 point;N2For the quantity for the cuttage seeding that root system scoring is 2 points; N3For the quantity for the cuttage seeding that root system scoring is 3 points.The example that scores is as shown in Figure 1.
3 interpretations of result
Table 1 is the variance analysis and the result of multiple comparisons of Magnolia wufengensis cutting plantation and cuttings acquisition position.As it can be seen that not There are extremely significant differences for the cuttings cuttage rooting rate acquired with tree crown level.Acquire influence size of the position to cutting plantation according to It is secondary are as follows: middle layer, upper layer, lower layer.Speculate that reason may are as follows: when late May, tree crown upper layer and tree crown lower layer newly germinate branch out Though its degree of lignification is low compared with middle layer containing more auxin substance, branch is excessively young tender, easily rots when cuttage, And its nutritious substances accumulation is few, it is difficult to provide enough nutrition supplies to cuttage root-taking period longer Magnolia wufengensis cuttings.And The cuttings of tree crown middle layer acquisition, degree of lignification are suitable for that the nutritious substances accumulation upper layer of blade state and cuttings and lower layer are more For maturation, thus it is easier to take root.
Influence of the 1 different acquisition position of table to Magnolia wufengensis shoot cutting rooting rate
Table 2 summarizes 4 morphological indexs of cuttage root-taking.As shown in Table 2, the cuttings of tree crown middle layer acquisition, cuttage are raw Root par, average root long, average root diameter and rooting effect scoring rate are to behave oneself best in 3 acquisition positions, Average root long is even more that there are extremely significant differences with tree crown upper layer, lower layer.As it can be seen that cuttings of the acquisition from tree crown middle layer, whole raw Root effect is preferable, wherein the most obvious to the promotion of average root long.
Influence of the 2 different acquisition position of table to each Root morphology index of Magnolia wufengensis shoot cutting
5 indexs of all processing are carried out principal component analysis, and (all data have used SPSS to carry out z-score standard Change), variance and variance the accumulation contribution rate of each ingredient are shown in Table 3, SPSS and are extracted the principal component that 1 characteristic value is greater than 1, are extracted Principal component variance accumulation contribution rate be 90.35%.
The variance and variance of each ingredient of table 3 accumulate contribution rate
It arranges two principal component expression formulas and comprehensive score formula is as follows:
C=0.988X1+0.937X2+0.999X3+0.953X4+0.870X5(formula 3)
Wherein: C indicates principal component scores;X1To X5Cuttage is respectively indicated to be averaged rooting rate, averagely take root quantity, average root This 5 indexs of length, average root diameter, rooting effect scoring rate.
5 index values of each processing are substituted into formula 3, the score and ranking for arranging each processing are shown in Table 4.It can by overall ranking Know, in 3 acquisition positions, the cuttings cuttage acquired using tree crown middle layer, root system comprehensive score highest, rooting efficiency is best.
The principal component scores and comprehensive score that table 4 is respectively handled
4 conclusions
Test result shows that the cuttings acquired using tree crown middle layer carries out cuttage, and rooting efficiency is best, may advantageously facilitate red Flower yulan spray generates the root system that complete, strong, form is excellent, quality is good.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that aforesaid way is not construed as to of the invention Limitation, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the ordinary skill of the art For personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time, which is characterized in that late May, selection Stalwartness grows fine, the semi-lignified branch preparation cuttings in the raw Magnolia wufengensis seedling tree crown middle layer the 5-6 of no disease and pests harm. The branch in tree crown middle layer, degree of lignification is convenient, and nutritious substances accumulation is abundant, and blade state is good, and leaf bud is full, acquisition The branch at this position prepares cuttings, carries out cuttage, is greatly improved the rooting rate of Magnolia wufengensis shoot cutting.Specific steps packet It includes:
A. the preparation before cuttage: the slotting machine of long 6m, width 1.5m, high 15cm are puzzled in advance, and builds the arch of 1m high on slotting machine top Canopy is laid with self-timing spray equipment along ceiling hose, selects river sand as cutting medium, fill before cuttage to matrix Divide disinfection;
B. the acquisition and preparation of cuttings: the acquisition of cuttings is preferably selected the cloudy day or cloudy weather carries out, and it is good to choose stalwartness, growing way Good, no disease and pests harm the raw Magnolia wufengensis seedling of 5-6 is scion-seed tree, acquires branch fringe, every stem cutting spike length about 12- 15cm retains half leaf of cuttings top 2-3 piece and 2-3 full buds, and upper lower cut is truncation, should ensure that notch is smooth, is prevented Only incision is rotted;
C. cuttings sterilizes: the cuttings sheared being totally immersed into cuttings disinfectant adequately disinfected;
D. cuttings is impregnated: the cuttings Cheng Bales after disinfection being put to the morphology upper and lower side for neatly paying attention to cuttings to be distinguished, by cuttings Base portion immerses in the bucket for filling root-growing agent, keeps cuttings upright, and guarantee that every stem cutting fringe base portion can be dipped into root-growing agent, simultaneously Notice that the blade of cuttings cannot be stained with root-growing agent;
E. cuttage: shakeouing matrix before cuttage, sprinkles profoundly water, and it is soft wet to keep matrix, and in advance with more slightly wider than diameter Punch equally spacedly prepares jack on slotting machine, to prevent abrasion cuttings base portion, hole depth 4-6cm, it is noted that distinguishing when cuttage The morphology upper and lower side of cuttings, prevents from inserting, while keeping the direction of blade consistent, and cuttage is deep-controlled within the scope of 4-6cm, It is compacted matrix with hand after cuttage, makes plugging soil and cuttings base portion close contact, and is drenched matrix with water immediately;
F. it manages after cuttage: being sterilized 1 time after cuttage every 7d, inspect periodically on slotting machine and whether with weeds and pest and disease damage and to take Corresponding measure prevention and control, spray time interval is rationally arranged according to weather condition, guarantees that water shortage is not accumulated yet in cuttage seedbed Water, blade surface form water membrane, while carrying out shade measure, and control temperature of shed is at 19-29 DEG C, air relative moisture content For 85%-100%, the soil moisture is within the scope of 21-29 DEG C.
2. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that nursery bed disinfection was selected 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate, and need at least before cuttage 2-3 days it is adequately disinfected to matrix, and through solar exposure two days.
3. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that acquisition tree crown middle layer Current year, raw semi-lignified branch prepared cuttings.Late May, though tree crown upper layer and tree crown lower layer newly germinate branch out containing more Auxin substance, but its degree of lignification is low compared with middle layer, and branch is excessively young tender, and when cuttage easily rots, and its nutrients Matter accumulation is few, it is difficult to provide enough nutrition supplies to cuttage root-taking period longer Magnolia wufengensis cuttings.
4. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that the cuttings disinfection Agent is 800 times of liquid carbendazim, and need to impregnate 1min in 800 times of liquid of carbendazim.
5. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that the root-growing agent is NAA 1000mg/L solution.
6. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that the blade that cuttings is stayed Need to be cut into original half.
7. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that cuttings impregnates root-growing agent Time be 2h.
8. according to claim 1, the Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method, which is characterized in that managed after the cuttage The disinfectant used when reason is 800 times of liquid of carbendazim.
CN201811295380.0A 2018-11-01 2018-11-01 A kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method based on optimal crown canopy time Pending CN109220269A (en)

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CN107439296A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-12-08 江苏农林职业技术学院 The cuttage breeding method of safflower Loropetalum wood
CN108260459A (en) * 2018-01-24 2018-07-10 北京林业大学 A kind of Magnolia wufengensis softwood cutting propagation method
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Application publication date: 20190118