CN109219923A - 动力输出装置 - Google Patents

动力输出装置 Download PDF

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CN109219923A
CN109219923A CN201780034633.6A CN201780034633A CN109219923A CN 109219923 A CN109219923 A CN 109219923A CN 201780034633 A CN201780034633 A CN 201780034633A CN 109219923 A CN109219923 A CN 109219923A
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excitation winding
switch element
electrode bus
capacitor
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CN109219923B (zh
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名和政道
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/22Multiple windings; Windings for more than three phases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14Electronic commutators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/32Arrangements for controlling wound field motors, e.g. motors with exciter coils
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/346Passive non-dissipative snubbers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/1552Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/09Boost converter, i.e. DC-DC step up converter increasing the voltage between the supply and the inverter driving the motor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2209/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
    • H02P2209/01Motors with neutral point connected to the power supply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

动力输出装置具备:励磁绕组;马达,具有被星形接线的3相以上的多个马达绕组;电容器;逆变电路,构成为进行从电容器供给的电力的电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至多个马达绕组;蓄电池,与励磁绕组连接;以及控制部。逆变电路具有分别与多个马达绕组对应的多个开关元件对。电容器与正极母线和负极母线连接。励磁绕组与正极母线或者负极母线和马达的中性点连接。控制部构成为对多个开关元件对进行控制,以便对蓄电池的电压进行升压以对电容器进行充电,并且对励磁绕组供给直流电流。

Description

动力输出装置
技术领域
本发明涉及动力输出装置,详细而言,涉及具备电枢绕组(励磁绕组)型马达的动力输出装置。
背景技术
需要使DC电流流向电枢绕组(励磁绕组)型马达,为此,以往需要供DC电流流动的专用电路(开关等)。例如在专利文献1所公开的电动机驱动装置中,如图6所示,经由逆变器82对电动机81的U相线圈U、V相线圈V、W相线圈W供给交流电流。另外,电动机81的励磁绕组83被设置在蓄电池B以及电源线84间的电流路径上,作为升压转换器85的电抗线圈L1发挥作用。升压转换器85包括电抗线圈L1、开关元件Q1以及开关元件Q2。控制装置86基于电压指令值与来自电压传感器87的检测电压值的偏差来计算向电源线84的输入电流的目标值,并且,根据电流指令值与来自电流传感器88的检测电流值的偏差来计算流向励磁绕组83的励磁增磁电流的目标值。控制装置86对输入电流的目标值以及励磁电流的目标值的合计值加上作为前馈补偿项的马达输出电流值来生成电流指令值,并对开关元件Q1、Q2、Q3进行开关控制,以使来自电流传感器88的检测电流值与电流指令值一致。
另外,专利文献2提出将3相的电枢绕组、磁场产生用的励磁绕组、磁场强化用的永磁铁仅设置在定子铁芯的旋转电机。
专利文献1:日本特开2010-68598号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2013-201869号公报
励磁绕组操作马达磁场,有助于马达的小型化和高输出化。然而,在专利文献1的结构中,需要控制流向励磁绕组的电流的专用电路,相应地,变得高价。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种不必设置专用电路就能够使必要的电流流向励磁绕组的动力输出装置。
解决上述课题的动力输出装置具备:励磁绕组;马达,具有被星形接线的3相以上的多个马达绕组;电容器;逆变电路,构成为进行从上述电容器供给的电力的电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至上述多个马达绕组;蓄电池,与上述励磁绕组连接;以及控制部。上述逆变电路具有正极母线和负极母线,并且具有分别与上述多个马达绕组对应的多个开关元件对,各开关元件对具有相互串联连接的上臂侧开关元件和下臂侧开关元件。上述电容器与上述正极母线和上述负极母线连接。上述励磁绕组与上述正极母线或者上述负极母线和上述马达的中性点连接。上述控制部构成为对上述多个开关元件对进行控制,以便对上述蓄电池的电压进行升压以对上述电容器进行充电,并且对上述励磁绕组供给直流电流。
附图说明
图1是一个实施方式的动力输出装置的电路图。
图2是另一实施方式的动力输出装置的电路图。
图3是另一实施方式的动力输出装置的电路图。
图4是另一实施方式的动力输出装置的电路图。
图5是另一实施方式的马达的示意剖视图。
图6是表示现有技术的电动机驱动装置的示意框图。
具体实施方式
以下,按照图1对将本发明具体化的动力输出装置的一个实施方式进行说明。
如图1所示,动力输出装置10具有:马达(旋转电机)11;励磁绕组12;电容器13;逆变电路14,进行来自电容器13的电力的电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至马达11的马达绕组;控制部15,对逆变电路14进行控制。马达11具有被星形接线的3相以上的多个马达绕组。在该实施方式中,马达11具有3相的马达绕组16U、16V、16W。逆变电路14将来自电容器13的直流电力转换为交流电力,并将交流电力供给至马达绕组16U、16V、16W。由电容器13和逆变电路14构成逆变器17。
逆变电路14具备分别与3相的马达绕组16U、16V、16W对应的三个开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6。串联连接的两个开关元件S1、S2构成开关元件对S1-S2,串联连接的两个开关元件S3、S4构成开关元件对S3-S4,串联连接的两个开关元件S5、S6构成开关元件对S5-S6。各开关元件S1~S6例如使用IGBT(绝缘栅双极型晶体管)。
更具体来说,三个开关元件S1、S3、S5为上臂侧开关元件,三个开关元件S2、S4、S6为下臂侧开关元件。在各开关元件S1~S6中的集电极与发射极之间连接有二极管D。各二极管D具有与对应的开关元件S1~S6的发射极连接的阳极、和与对应的开关元件S1~S6的集电极连接的阴极。
马达绕组16U、16V、16W被星形接线。开关元件对S1-S2由上臂侧开关元件S1和下臂侧开关元件S2构成。上臂侧开关元件S1的发射极连接在马达绕组16U中和与马达11的中性点N连接的一侧相反的一侧。开关元件对S3-S4由上臂侧开关元件S3和下臂侧开关元件S4构成。上臂侧开关元件S3的发射极连接在马达绕组16V中和与马达11的中性点N连接的一侧相反的一侧。开关元件对S5-S6由上臂侧开关元件S5和下臂侧开关元件S6构成。上臂侧开关元件S5的发射极连接在马达绕组16W中和与马达11的中性点N连接的一侧相反的一侧。即,逆变电路14具有分别与3相的马达绕组16U、16V、16W对应的开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6,各开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6由相互串联连接的上臂侧开关元件和下臂侧开关元件构成。
电容器13与逆变电路14的正极母线18和负极母线19连接。
动力输出装置10具有与励磁绕组12连接的蓄电池B。励磁绕组12具有与马达11的中性点N连接的第一端部、和与蓄电池B的正端子连接的第二端部。蓄电池B的负端子与逆变电路14的负极母线19连接。即,励磁绕组12经由蓄电池B与负极母线19连接。在蓄电池B上并联连接有缓冲电容器C1。即,励磁绕组12经由马达11或缓冲电容器C1与逆变电路14的负极母线19连接。励磁绕组12被设置在马达11的转子(未图示)。例如经由电刷以及集电环对励磁绕组12供给电流。
控制部15对逆变电路14的开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6进行控制,以便对与励磁绕组12连接的蓄电池B的电压进行升压以对电容器13进行充电,并且对励磁绕组12供给直流电流。另外,通过控制部15控制开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6,从而逆变电路14将从电容器13供给的直流电力转换为交流电力,并将该交流电力供给至马达绕组16U、16V、16W。在从电容器13对励磁绕组12供给直流电流以驱动马达11的情况下,控制部15使逆变电路14作为升压转换器或降压转换器进行动作以将从电容器13输出的直流电流的电压控制为目标电压。
动力输出装置10例如使用于电动汽车。另外,在该实施方式中,蓄电池B为辅助用的低压蓄电池。
接下来,对如上述那样构成的动力输出装置10的作用进行说明。
电容器13被蓄电池B充电,逆变电路14对被充电的电力进行电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至励磁绕组12以及马达绕组16U、16V、16W。通过分别以规定周期对上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5以及下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6进行接通、断开控制,从而对马达11供给电流来驱动马达11。
在对电容器13进行充电时,来自蓄电池B的电流经由励磁绕组12、马达绕组16U、16V、16W以及逆变电路14流向电容器13。在逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通,逆变电路14的下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部断开的状态下,来自蓄电池B的电流经由励磁绕组12、马达绕组16U、16V、16W以及逆变电路14流向电容器13。然而,由于在相同的状态下电流流向全部的马达绕组16U、16V、16W,所以对马达11不施加扭矩。在该状态下,动力输出装置10通过控制下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6的占空比而作为升压转换器进行动作,所以能够对蓄电池B的电压进行升压以对电容器13进行充电。
在电容器13被充电后,由逆变电路14对电力进行电力转换,并供给至励磁绕组12以及马达绕组16U、16V、16W。
在逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部断开、逆变电路14的下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部接通的状态下,电流不从逆变电路14流向马达绕组16U、16V、16W。
在逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通、下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部断开的状态下,电流经由逆变电路14从电容器13流向马达绕组16U、16V、16W以及励磁绕组12。由于在相同的状态下电流流向全部的马达绕组16U、16V、16W,所以对马达11不施加扭矩。
在下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部断开的状态下,若使上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通,则将电容器13的电压施加到马达绕组16U、16V、16W以及励磁绕组12。接下来,若使上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5断开,则电流经由与下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6连接的二极管D在马达绕组16U、16V、16W中流动。因此,动力输出装置10作为降压转换器进行动作。
另一方面,在上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通的状态下,若下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部进行开关动作,则动力输出装置10作为升压转换器进行动作。
因此,通过在依次对马达绕组16U、16V、16W供给电流的1个周期的期间中上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5和下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6的一方接通而另一方断开的状态下,调整开关元件S1~S6的占空比,能够调整向励磁绕组12供给的电力(电流)。即,不必设置专用电路就能够使必要的电流流向励磁绕组12。
根据该实施方式,能够获得以下所示的效果。
(1)动力输出装置10具有:励磁绕组12;马达11,具有被星形接线的3相以上的多个马达绕组16U、16V、16W;以及逆变电路14,进行来自电容器13的电力的电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至马达绕组16U、16V、16W。逆变电路14具有分别与多个16U、16V、16W对应的多个开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6,各开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6具有相互串联连接的上臂侧开关元件和下臂侧开关元件。电容器13与逆变电路14的正极母线18和负极母线19连接。励磁绕组12与逆变电路14的负极母线19和马达11的中性点N连接。另外,动力输出装置10具有控制部15,该控制部15对逆变电路14的开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6进行控制,以便对与励磁绕组12连接的蓄电池B的电压进行升压以对电容器13进行充电,并且对励磁绕组12供给直流电流。
根据该结构,能够对开关元件对S1-S2、S3-S4、S5-S6进行控制,以使来自蓄电池B的电流经由马达绕组16U、16V、16W以及逆变电路14流向电容器13。通过在逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通的状态下,控制下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6的占空比,从而逆变电路14作为升压转换器进行动作,所以能够对蓄电池B的电压进行升压以对电容器13进行充电。
另外,动力输出装置10通过在逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部断开,逆变电路14的下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部接通的状态下控制占空比,从而作为升压转换器进行动作。另外,动力输出装置10通过在电容器13被充电后,逆变电路14的上臂侧开关元件S1、S3、S5全部接通,下臂侧开关元件S2、S4、S6全部断开的状态下控制占空比,从而作为降压转换器进行动作。因此,在控制部15对逆变电路14的各开关元件对进行控制,从电容器13对励磁绕组12供给直流电流以驱动马达11的情况下,控制部15使逆变电路14作为升压转换器或降压转换器进行动作,以将从电容器13输出的直流电流的电压控制为目标电压。因此,不必在动力输出装置10中设置专用电路就能够使必要的电流流向励磁绕组12。
上述实施方式可以如以下那样变更。
○也可以如图2所示,省略与蓄电池B并联连接的缓冲电容器C1。
○也可以如图3所示,对励磁绕组12并联连接作为漏电感发挥作用的连接线20。此处,“漏电感”是指将中性点N和其它部分电连接的连接线20(布线)具有的电感。但是,连接线20需要一定程度的长度以免连接线20的电感过小。由于在图3中示意性地示出漏电感所以长度较短,但连接线20需要具有目标电感的长度,以免与励磁绕组12并联连接的连接线20的电感过小。在该结构中,由于从电容器13流向马达绕组16U、16V、16W后合流的电流的一部分流向连接线20,所以能够利用连接线20的漏电感来调整流向励磁绕组12的电流量。因此,该结构在没有必要使大电流流向励磁绕组12的情况下,优选。
○也可以如图4所示,使励磁绕组12与连接线(漏电感)20串联连接。
○也可以例如图1中双点划线所示,使励磁绕组12的第二端部不与逆变电路14的负极母线19连接而与正极母线18连接。即,也可以使励磁绕组12经由蓄电池B与正极母线18连接。
○也可以在如图3所示使励磁绕组12和连接线(漏电感)20并联连接的结构、或在如图4所示使励磁绕组12和连接线(漏电感)20串联连接的结构中,对蓄电池B并联连接缓冲电容器C1。
○励磁绕组型马达不仅是励磁绕组12位于转子的型式,也可以是定子有励磁绕组12的型式,例如专利文献2所公开的旋转电机。在专利文献2中,与图5所示的结构同样地,在定子21中,除了励磁绕组12之外还设置有电枢绕组22和永磁铁23。永磁铁23被配置在径向上比励磁绕组12靠近转子24。但是,专利文献2所公开的结构的设置在转子24上的转子齿的数量、设置在定子21上的定子齿的数量与图5的结构不同。
○也可以代替图5所示的结构,而将永磁铁23配置在励磁绕组12的径向外侧。
○定子有励磁绕组12的型式的励磁绕组型马达也可以省略永磁铁23。
○被星形接线的马达绕组的相数可以为4以上,例如,相数可以为4或5。
○动力输出装置10并不局限于电动汽车,也可以应用于电动汽车以外的车辆上所装备的电动设备。另外,动力输出装置10并不局限于车辆,也可以应用于工业用设备、家庭用设备。

Claims (5)

1.一种动力输出装置,具备:
励磁绕组;
马达,具有被星形接线的3相以上的多个马达绕组;
电容器;
逆变电路,构成为进行从上述电容器供给的电力的电力转换,并将该转换后的电力供给至上述多个马达绕组;
蓄电池,与上述励磁绕组连接;以及
控制部,
上述逆变电路具有正极母线和负极母线,并且具有分别与上述多个马达绕组对应的多个开关元件对,各开关元件对具有相互串联连接的上臂侧开关元件和下臂侧开关元件,
上述电容器与上述正极母线和上述负极母线连接,
上述励磁绕组与上述正极母线或者上述负极母线和上述马达的中性点连接,
上述控制部构成为对上述多个开关元件对进行控制,以便对上述蓄电池的电压进行升压以对上述电容器进行充电,并且对上述励磁绕组供给直流电流。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力输出装置,其中,
还具备与上述励磁绕组并联连接且作为漏电感发挥作用的连接线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的动力输出装置,其中,
还具备与上述励磁绕组串联连接且作为漏电感发挥作用的连接线。
4.根据权利要求1~3中的任意一项所述的动力输出装置,其中,
还具备与上述蓄电池并联连接的缓冲电容器。
5.根据权利要求1~4中的任意一项所述的动力输出装置,其中,
上述励磁绕组经由上述蓄电池与上述正极母线或者上述负极母线连接。
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