CN109123726A - A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109123726A CN109123726A CN201811168511.9A CN201811168511A CN109123726A CN 109123726 A CN109123726 A CN 109123726A CN 201811168511 A CN201811168511 A CN 201811168511A CN 109123726 A CN109123726 A CN 109123726A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/001—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs by treating with chemicals, e.g. ammoniac, sodium hydroxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal, belong to field of fodder, specifically: it is stirred evenly after itaconic acid and linseed oil being added in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, it rubs, fermentation assistant and water is added, fermentation material is stirred evenly to obtain, then inoculation carries out the fermentation fish meal that ferments to obtain comprising the compound bacteria of aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus.Preparation method of the present invention can carry out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, it is ensured that the freshness of fermentation material, the quality of obtained fermentation fish meal is high, can chelate several mineral materials in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, flavor characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal.
Background technique
China's feedstuff industry is with a long history, and modern feedstuff industry is started late.Social demand in recent years is continuously increased, food
The strong request of product, the fast development of livestock and the people to high-quality livestock products, constantly stimulates to high-quality protein feed
Demand.Fish meal is one kind using marine animal as raw material, is free of by animal protein feed made of corresponding processing technology
There are the substances such as cellulose.Fish meal production is generally divided into raw material fishing, raw material screening, deoils, is dehydrated, the techniques mistake such as crushing packing
Journey.Fish meal mainly contains: protein, fat, various peptide, amino acid, minerals, vitamin and important unknown growth factor
Deng the ratio according to the different mentioned components in the source of raw material is also different.Cultivation it was verified that during swine rearing
The effects of adding a certain amount of fish meal, piglet fast-growth can be promoted to develop, improving galactosis amount and immunity is enhanced.
The somatotrophic unknown factor contained in fish meal could not also be accurate though this substance is explicitly purified to compound not yet
Analysis, but verified this kind of substance can effectively stimulate animal growth.Fish meal also containing be adjustable cell growth with
The small peptide substance of the manifold effects such as other cell functions, can effectively stimulate animal growth.The pig-breeding number in China and
Yield the first in the world is butchered, for the livestock breed aquatics in China and development scale, China is a protein resource again
The country of shortage in short supply can be worth high feed scarcity, and roughage is more, and is unevenly distributed, the good protein feed fish in China
Powder relies primarily on import, is easy to be influenced by international price fluctuation.Domestic fish meal yield relative deficiency, protein content unlike into
The fish meal of mouth, and influenced by artificial adulterated and fraud, so in improvement China's fish meal poor quality and adulterated elimination poor quality fish meal
The problems such as anti-nutritional factors, is extremely urgent.
Fermentation fish meal refers under conditions of manual control, and a system is carried out in fish meal raw material by some beneficial microbes
The metabolism of column and growth and breeding cannot digest those in fish meal raw material to the poisonous and hazardous substance of animal or animal completely
The substance of absorption carries out conversion decomposition, is easy by nontoxic metabolite that animal digests and assimilates and to generate rich in disappearing
Change the forage protein of enzyme and beneficial bacteria body.Its main feature is that avoiding the thermophilic digestion of traditional diamond-making technique, fish can be effectively reduced
Nutrient loss in powder avoids protein from being destroyed, and improves the quality of fish meal, and production technology environmental protection, raw materials for production
It is from a wealth of sources；But the screening of fermenting microbe and the more difficult determination of technological condition for fermentation.Therefore, suitable fermentation process system is selected
The high-quality multifunctional feed protein sources of standby imported fish meal alternative out have more profound significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of pair of fermentation fish meals to carry out detoxification, guarantees the freshness of fermentation material, obtained
Fermentation fish meal quality it is high, several mineral materials in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, flavour characteristic feed fermentation fish meal can be chelated
Preparation method.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
The present invention is purchased from Beijing Ke Zhan Biotechnology Co., Ltd with strain.
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal stirs after itaconic acid and linseed oil being added in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces
It is even, it rubs, fermentation assistant and water is added, stirs evenly to obtain fermentation material, be then inoculated with compound bacteria and carry out the fermentation fish meal that ferments to obtain.This
Albumen, fat, nucleic acid and polysaccharide in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces is broken down into using aquatic products leftover bits and pieces as raw material by fermenting by invention
The preciousness Organic nutrient such as amino acid needed for growth of animal, fatty acid, nucleotide and glucose, reduces in fermentation fish meal and resists
The content of trophic factors improves the quality of fish meal, improves its safety in utilization, and the metabolin generated that ferments can ensure that fermented fish
Powder keeps its bioactivity within the shelf-life, produces high-quality Multifunctional fermentation fish meal, and safety and environmental protection widens aquatic products leftover bits and pieces
Applicability, to meet the development of animal husbandry.Middle addition itaconic acid and linseed oil on the one hand can before rubbing for aquatic products leftover bits and pieces simultaneously
Play the role of lubrication during rubbing and sustained release rubs pressure, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces cell is protected not to be broken and hydrolyze, and
Leftover bits and pieces particle is wrapped after rubbing, prevents the microbes in environment from taking advantage of the occasion to invade, the corruption of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces is caused to become
Matter, guarantees the freshness of fermentation material, while unsaturated bond therein can interfere in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces pathogenic microorganism to growth
The synthesis of the factor, cytoplasm and lipoprotein, and then pathogenic microorganism is killed, the quality of fermentation material is improved, it is final to guarantee gained hair
The freshness of ferment fish meal；Another aspect itaconic acid and the special of linseed oil exist and microorganism can be stimulated to generate during the fermentation
More histaminase, diamine oxidase, monoamine oxidase, so the Volatile Base Nitrogen in the leftover bits and pieces that can degrade well and
Biogenic amine carries out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, improves the quality of obtained fermentation fish meal.
Preferably, in pre-treatment step fermentation assistant ingredient and its parts by weight are as follows: 3-5 parts of dregs of beans, straw powder 13-17
Part, 1.2-1.5 parts of starch, 5-8 parts of corn flour.What the carbohydrate and carbohydrate of the non-protein in above-mentioned fermentation assistant can continue
The energy matters such as carbohydrate are provided for microbial fermentation, meets it and grows needs, while can be with loose culture medium, water holding is ventilative,
The good permeability of culture medium is kept, so as to the circulation of oxygen in fermentation process, improves oxygen content, can be very good to promote fermentation
Progress and improvement fermented product quality, and then improve microorganism enzymatic productivity during the fermentation, furthermore compound bacteria generation
The enzyme material thanked out can degrade the non-protein macromolecular in fermentation assistant well, make nutrition and the energy of fermented feed
More comprehensively.
Preferably, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is the 15-18% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight.
Preferably, the material-water ratio of fermentation material is 1:0.3-0.5.
Preferably, the additive amount of itaconic acid and linseed oil is respectively the 0.8-1.1% and 2.5- of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight
3.0%.
Preferably, compound bacteria includes aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus.Between the compound bacteria
Can play cooperative gain effect, the cost of fermentation can be effectively reduced, on the one hand can by aquatic products leftover bits and pieces biogenic amine,
Nonprotein nitrogen substance utilizes the mycoprotein for being converted into itself, is being own growth metabolism to the same room of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces detoxification
Sufficient energy is provided；On the other hand some digestive enzymes that can be generated during vital movement, such as protease, cellulose
Macromolecular substances in raw material are degraded to the small-molecule substance being easily absorbed and utilized, are disappeared with reaching by enzyme, pectase, phytase etc.
Except the effect of anti-nutritional factors and improvement fish meal quality in fish meal, the nutritive value of fermentation fish meal obtained, Jin Erti are improved
The high economic benefit of animal husbandry.
More preferably, aspergillus niger in compound bacteria, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:
3.4-3.8:2.1-2.4:0.5-0.7.The specific proportions of each strain can be such that ferment effect reaches most preferably in the compound bacteria, obtain
In fermentation fish meal containing 0.8% or so active peptide, can chelate the several mineral materials in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, improve cultivated animals
Absorption and utilization to fermentation fish meal Mineral Elements in Jadeite Shellfish are especially suitable for the young of cultivated animals, and can stimulate micro- life
Object metabolite enzymatic hydrolysis aquatic products leftover bits and pieces obtains the delicious enhancing peptide containing positively charged, negative electricity and hydrophobic micel, assigns
The delicate and fine and smooth flavor of fermentation fish meal, enhances its flavor characteristic, and then improves cultivated animals to containing fermentation fish meal of the present invention
The grazing rate of feed saves aquaculture cost, improves the economic benefit of animal husbandry.
Preferably, the inoculum concentration of compound bacteria is 2.3-4.5%.
Preferably, it is 25-33 DEG C that fermentation temperature is controlled in fermentation process, fermentation time 90-100h.In fermentation process
It controls fermentation temperature in the range, the synthesis fermentation efficiency of compound bacteria can be made to reach optimum state, can be degraded well
Volatile Base Nitrogen and biogenic amine in leftover bits and pieces carry out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, improve the quality of obtained fermentation fish meal.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1) aquatic products leftover bits and pieces is decomposed into growth of animal by fermenting using aquatic products leftover bits and pieces as raw material by preparation method of the present invention
Required Organic nutrient reduces the content of anti-nutritional factors in fermentation fish meal, improves the quality of fish meal, and generation of fermenting
Metabolin can ensure that fermentation fish meal keeps its bioactivity within the shelf-life, produce high-quality Multifunctional fermentation fish meal；
2) preparation method of the present invention can improve the quality of fermentation material, guarantee the freshness of fermentation material, while can be well
Volatile Base Nitrogen and biogenic amine in degradation leftover bits and pieces, carry out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, improve obtained fermentation fish meal
Quality；
3) in the fermentation fish meal that preparation method of the present invention obtains containing 0.8% or so active peptide, can chelate under aquatic products
Several mineral materials in heel, and delicious enhancing peptide can be obtained, enhance its flavor characteristic, improves cultivated animals to containing the present invention
The grazing rate of fermentation fish meal feed saves aquaculture cost, improves the economic benefit of animal husbandry.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal, compensates for existing skill
The deficiency of art, reasonable design, easy operation.
Specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiments for embodying inventive features and advantage will describe in detail in the following description.It should be understood that this hair
It is bright to have various variations in different embodiments, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and description therein is at this
It is to be illustrated as being used in matter, rather than to limit the present invention.
In existing market, conventional man-made feeds are nearly all with the fish meal of heat drying (straight fire or steam) technology acquirement
(white fish meal, red fish meal, trash fish powder), the main source as protein；In fish meal processing procedure, protein can often be generated because of fish meal
Coking phenomenon and be damaged；In addition, will cause protein denaturation in hot environment, the digestibility of fish meal can be reduced, nutritive value drop
It is low.This not only causes the waste of resource efficiency, also because of inefficient food utilization, causes the feed efficiency of raising animal lower,
Excreta increase, environmental degradation, illness rate increase, and directly indirectly cause current deposit rate low, feeding cost is significantly increased, especially
Influence to aquaculture (water environment) becomes apparent.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal, will be added in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces
It stirs evenly, rubs after itaconic acid and linseed oil, fermentation assistant and water is added, stirs evenly to obtain fermentation material, is then inoculated with compound
Bacterium carries out the fermentation fish meal that ferments to obtain.The present embodiment using aquatic products leftover bits and pieces as raw material, by ferment by aquatic products leftover bits and pieces albumen,
Amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide and glucose needed for fat, nucleic acid and polysaccharide are broken down into growth of animal etc. is precious organic
Nutritional ingredient reduces the content of anti-nutritional factors in fermentation fish meal, improves the quality of fish meal, improves its safety in utilization, and send out
The metabolin that ferment generates can ensure that fermentation fish meal keeps its bioactivity within the shelf-life, produce high-quality Multifunctional fermentation fish
Powder, safety and environmental protection, the applicability for widening aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, to meet the development of animal husbandry.In addition, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces before rubbing in
Itaconic acid is added and linseed oil on the one hand can play the role of lubrication during rubbing and sustained release rubs pressure, protects aquatic products
Leftover bits and pieces cell is not broken and hydrolyzes, and wraps leftover bits and pieces particle after rubbing, and prevents the microbes in environment from taking advantage of the occasion
Invasion, cause the putrid and deteriorated of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, guarantee the freshness of fermentation material, while unsaturated bond therein can interfere with water
Synthesis of the pathogenic microorganism to growth factor, cytoplasm and lipoprotein in heel is given birth to, and then kills pathogenic microorganism, improves hair
The quality of ferment material, the final freshness for guaranteeing gained fermentation fish meal；The special presence of another aspect itaconic acid and linseed oil can
Stimulation microorganism generates more histaminases, diamine oxidase, monoamine oxidase during the fermentation, and then can drop well
The Volatile Base Nitrogen and biogenic amine in leftover bits and pieces are solved, detoxification is carried out to fermentation fish meal, improves the product of obtained fermentation fish meal
Matter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve ferment effect, in pre-treatment step the ingredient of fermentation assistant and its
Parts by weight are as follows: 3-5 parts of dregs of beans, 13-17 parts of straw powder, 1.2-1.5 parts of starch, 5-8 parts of corn flour.It is non-in above-mentioned fermentation assistant
The carbohydrate and carbohydrate of albumen can continue to be that microbial fermentation provides the energy matters such as carbohydrate, meet it and grow needs,
Simultaneously can with can loose culture medium, water holding is ventilative, the good permeability of culture medium is kept, so as to oxygen in fermentation process
Circulation improves oxygen content, can be very good the progress for promoting fermentation and the quality of improvement fermented product, and then improves microorganism and exist
Enzymatic productivity in fermentation process, the enzyme material that furthermore compound bacteria is metabolized out can be by the non-protein macromoleculars in fermentation assistant
Degradation well, keeps the nutrition of fermented feed and energy more comprehensive.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is the 15-18% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, such as
15.5%, 16%, 16.3%, 16.8%, 17.0%, 17.8% etc..
In an embodiment of the present invention, the material-water ratio of fermentation material is 1:0.3-0.5, such as 1:0.35,1:0.4,1:
0.41,1:0.45,1:0.49 etc..
In an embodiment of the present invention, the additive amount of itaconic acid and linseed oil is respectively the 0.8- of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight
1.1% (such as 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.91%, 0.95%, 1.0%, 1.03% etc.) and 2.5-3.0% (such as 2.55%,
2.6%, 2.66%, 2.75%, 2.8%, 2.93% etc.).
In an embodiment of the present invention, compound bacteria includes aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, rhamnose cream bar
Bacterium.Cooperative gain effect can be played between the compound bacteria, can be effectively reduced the cost of fermentation, on the one hand aquatic products can be got a foothold
Biogenic amine, nonprotein nitrogen substance in material utilize the mycoprotein for being converted into itself, in the same room to aquatic products leftover bits and pieces detoxification
Sufficient energy is provided for own growth metabolism；On the other hand some digestive enzymes that can be generated during vital movement,
Macromolecular substances in raw material are degraded to small point be easily absorbed and utilized by such as protease, cellulase, pectase, phytase
Sub- substance improves fermentation fish meal obtained to have the function that eliminate the anti-nutritional factors in fish meal and improve fish meal quality
Nutritive value, and then improve the economic benefit of animal husbandry.
It is black in compound bacteria in order to make the ferment effect of composite bacteria reach optimum range in an embodiment of the present invention
Aspergillus, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.4-3.8:2.1-2.4:0.5-0.7, such as
1:3.54:2.1:0.5,1:3.6:2.22:0.5,1:3.6:2.3:0.55,1:3.78:2.38:0.68 etc..It is each in the compound bacteria
The specific proportions of strain can make ferment effect reach the active peptide in the fermentation fish meal most preferably obtained containing 0.8% or so, can be with
The several mineral materials in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces are chelated, absorption and utilization of the cultivated animals to fermentation fish meal Mineral Elements in Jadeite Shellfish are improved,
It is especially suitable for the young of cultivated animals, and microbial metabolic products enzymatic hydrolysis aquatic products leftover bits and pieces can be stimulated to obtain containing band just
The delicious enhancing peptide of electricity, negative electricity and hydrophobic micel, assigns fermentation fish meal delicate and fine and smooth flavor, enhances its flavor spy
Sign, and then cultivated animals are improved to the grazing rate for containing fermentation fish meal feed of the present invention, aquaculture cost is saved, animal husbandry is improved
Economic benefit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inoculum concentration of compound bacteria is 2.3-4.5%, for example, 2.35%, 2.4%,
2.8%, 3.0%, 3.6%, 4.0% etc..
In an embodiment of the present invention, in fermentation process control fermentation temperature be 25-33 DEG C, such as 26.5 DEG C, 28 DEG C,
30.5 DEG C, 32 DEG C etc., fermentation time 90-100h, such as 92h, 95.5h, 99.8h etc..Fermentation temperature is controlled in fermentation process
In the range, the synthesis fermentation efficiency of compound bacteria can be made to reach optimum state, waving in the leftover bits and pieces that can degrade well
Hair property alkali nitrogen and biogenic amine carry out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, improve the quality of obtained fermentation fish meal.
In the following, making in conjunction with specific embodiments to a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal of an embodiment of the present invention
It further illustrates.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal
Itaconic acid and linseed oil are added into aquatic products leftover bits and pieces by 0.8% and the 2.5% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, stirring is equal
It is rubbed after even, fermentation assistant and water is added, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is the 15% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, stirs evenly to obtain hair
Ferment material, the material-water ratio of fermentation material are 1:0.3, are then that 2.3% inoculation includes aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, ferment by inoculum concentration
The compound bacteria of female bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus carries out fermentation 90h in fermentation temperature for 25 DEG C and obtains fermentation fish meal.Above-mentioned fermentation assistant
Ingredient and its parts by weight are as follows: 3 parts of dregs of beans, 13 parts of straw powder, 1.2 parts of starch, 5 parts of corn flour；Aspergillus niger, natto in compound bacteria
Bacillus, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.4:2.1:0.5.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal
Itaconic acid and linseed oil are added into aquatic products leftover bits and pieces by 1.0% and the 2.8% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, stirring is equal
It is rubbed after even, fermentation assistant and water is added, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is the 16.8% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, is stirred evenly
Fermentation material, the material-water ratio of fermentation material are 1:0.4, then by inoculum concentration be 3.0% inoculation comprising aspergillus niger, bafillus natto,
Saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus compound bacteria, fermentation temperature be 28 DEG C carry out fermentation 96h obtain fermentation fish meal.Above-mentioned fermentation helps
The ingredient and its parts by weight of agent are as follows: 4 parts of dregs of beans, 15 parts of straw powder, 1.35 parts of starch, 6.5 parts of corn flour；Black song in compound bacteria
Mould, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.6:2.25:0.6.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal
Itaconic acid and linseed oil are added into aquatic products leftover bits and pieces by 1.1% and the 3.0% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, stirring is equal
It is rubbed after even, fermentation assistant and water is added, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is the 18% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight, stirs evenly to obtain hair
Ferment material, the material-water ratio of fermentation material are 1:0.5, are then that 4.5% inoculation includes aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, ferment by inoculum concentration
The compound bacteria of female bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus carries out fermentation 100h in fermentation temperature for 33 DEG C and obtains fermentation fish meal.Above-mentioned fermentation assistant
Ingredient and its parts by weight are as follows: 5 parts of dregs of beans, 17 parts of straw powder, 1.5 parts of starch, 8 parts of corn flour；Aspergillus niger, natto in compound bacteria
Bacillus, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.8:2.4:0.7.
Embodiment 4:
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2,3 product of embodiment and common commercially available fermentation fish meal are tested as follows, test result
As shown in table 1.
1. the measurement of total nitrogen content in tunning:
It is improved on the basis of the method for Yang Yali: weighing tunning 1.0g or so (precisely to 0.0001g) in digest tube
In, 0.3g copper sulphate, 0.9g potassium sulfate is added, the 12ml concentrated sulfuric acid is carbonized through 240 DEG C, 400 DEG C of digestion, until digestive juice clarification (or
Light blue or light green color) it is digestion terminal, sample to be tested is obtained after cooling, total nitrogen content is surveyed using full-automatic Kjeldahl determination device.
2. the measurement of free amino acid total amount:
1) production of amino acid standard curve:
The glutamic acid standard solution of the accurate 0.2mg/mL for drawing 0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0mL, respectively
It is placed in the color-comparison tube of 25mL, 2% ninhydrin solution and phosphate buffer solution (pH6.7) each 1mL is then added, mix
Uniformly, heating water bath 15min takes out, and is rapidly cooled to room temperature, adds water to graticule, shakes up, after standing 15min, in 570nm wavelength
Under, each solution light absorption value (A) is measured by reference of reagent blank.Using amino acid milligram number as abscissa, light absorption value (A) is vertical sits
Mark draws standard curve.
2) in fermentation liquid free amino acid total amount measurement:
Sample 1.0g is accurately weighed, is diluted with water 100 times, is mixed spare.Pipette samples solution 1.0mL, according to standard song
Line making step measures light absorption value (A) under the same conditions, can check in corresponding amino on standard curve with A value is measured
Sour milligram number.
3) result calculates:
In formula: C is the amino acid milligram number checked in from standard curve；M is that the sample solution of measurement is equivalent to sample
Quality (g).
3. the measurement of fish meal main component: fish meal is made through vacuum freeze drying in tunning, measures following main indicator:
Crude protein, GB 5009.5-2016, Kjeldahl's method；Crude fat, GB/T 6433-2006, soxhlet extraction methods；Ash content, GB/T
6438-2007, Method of burning of high temperature；Moisture, GB/T 6435-2014, constant weight method.
1 fermentation fish meal test result of table
By 1 fermentation fish meal test result of table it is found that embodiment fermentation fish meal meets the important nutrition and quality of level-one fish meal
Index request, comparative example and common commercially available fermentation fish meal can find, total nitrogen content, the free amine group of embodiment fermentation fish meal
Sour total amount, crude protein are above common commercially available, and ash content and moisture are commercially available lower than common, this illustrates fermented fish of the embodiment of the present invention
The quality of powder is much better than common commercially available.
Comparative example:
A kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal
Aquatic products leftover bits and pieces is rubbed, fermentation assistant and water is added, the additive amount of fermentation assistant is aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight
16.8%, fermentation material is stirred evenly to obtain, the material-water ratio of fermentation material is 1:0.4, is then that 3.0% inoculation includes black song by inoculum concentration
Mould, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus compound bacteria, fermentation temperature be 28 DEG C carry out fermentation 96h must ferment
Fish meal.The ingredient and its parts by weight of above-mentioned fermentation assistant are as follows: 4 parts of dregs of beans, 15 parts of straw powder, 1.35 parts of starch, corn flour 6.5
Part；Aspergillus niger in compound bacteria, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.6:2.25:0.6.
Embodiment 2, comparative example fermentation fish meal are tested as follows, test result is as shown in table 2.
1. histamine: azo reacts spectrophotometry；
2. Escherichia coli: being measured using MPN method；
3. salmonella: with reference to the detection method of Pan Shude etc..
2 fermentation fish meal test result of table
| Project | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example |
| Histamine (mg/kg) | 6.79 | 10.14 |
| E. CoIi content (cfu/g) | 70 | 121 |
| Salmonella content (cfu/g) | 48 | 104 |
By 2 fermentation fish meal test result of table it is found that the content that histamine in fermentation fish meal is made in comparative example is much higher than embodiment
2, this illustrate the unsaturated bond in itaconic acid and linseed oil can interfere in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces pathogenic microorganism to growth factor,
The synthesis of cytoplasm and lipoprotein, and then pathogenic microorganism is killed, the quality of fermentation material is improved, it is final to guarantee gained fermentation fish meal
Freshness, while microorganism can be stimulated to generate more histaminases, diamine oxidase, monoamine oxidation during the fermentation
Enzyme, and then Volatile Base Nitrogen and biogenic amine in the leftover bits and pieces that can degrade well carry out detoxification to fermentation fish meal, improve institute
The quality of fermentation fish meal obtained.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal, it is characterised in that: including,
Itaconic acid and linseed oil will be added in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, rubs；
Fermentation assistant will be added in aquatic products leftover bits and pieces after the rubbing and water obtains fermentation material；
It will be inoculated with compound bacteria in the fermentation material, ferment to obtain feed fermentation fish meal.
2. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fermentation assistant
Ingredient and its parts by weight are as follows: 3-5 parts of dregs of beans, 13-17 parts of straw powder, 1.2-1.5 parts of starch, 5-8 parts of corn flour.
3. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fermentation assistant
Additive amount be aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight 15-18%.
4. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fermentation material
Material-water ratio is 1:0.3-0.5.
5. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the itaconic acid and
The additive amount of linseed oil is respectively the 0.8-1.1% and 2.5-3.0% of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces weight.
6. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound bacterium bag
Containing aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
7. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in the compound bacteria
Aspergillus niger, bafillus natto, saccharomycete, Lactobacillus rhamnosus mixing ratio be 1:3.4-3.8:2.1-2.4:0.5-0.7.
8. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound bacteria
Inoculum concentration is 2.3-4.5%.
9. a kind of preparation method of feed fermentation fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fermentation process
Middle control fermentation temperature is 25-33 DEG C, fermentation time 90-100h.
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