CN109122551B - Pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis - Google Patents
Pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122551B CN109122551B CN201810605558.0A CN201810605558A CN109122551B CN 109122551 B CN109122551 B CN 109122551B CN 201810605558 A CN201810605558 A CN 201810605558A CN 109122551 B CN109122551 B CN 109122551B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of prenatal preparation, piglet nursing, conservation and feeding, wherein the sows are fed with the reinforced feed before the production and are made to adapt to the environment of a delivery room in advance, the piglets are dried, sterilized and fed with colostrums after birth, then iron supplementation and selenium supplementation are carried out, the piglets are fed with the conservation feed in the breeding stage, and then the piglets are transferred into a pigsty for feeding. The beneficial effects are that: the method disclosed by the invention is used for respectively carrying out nutrition enhancement on the sows and the piglets in the sow period, the nursing period and the feeding period, so that the body function of the sows and the quality of the sows can be maintained, the piglets can grow rapidly, the immunity of the piglets can be improved, the disease-resistant and antibacterial capabilities can be enhanced, the occurrence of the coccidiosis in the pigs can be effectively prevented, and the method is an efficient and safe pig raising method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pig breeding, in particular to a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis.
Technical Field
The coccidiosis of pig is caused by Eimeria (A)Eimeria) And Isospora (Isospora) Caused by coccidia. The life history of the porcine coccidia is the same as that of coccidia of other animals, the porcine coccidia is propagated in two generations of asexual generation (merozoite reproduction) and sexual generation (gametophyte reproduction) in a host body, and sporulation is carried out in an external environment. Host cells are damaged by merogenesis, gametogenesis and oocyst release. Since each merozoite contains a large number of merozoites and several generations of merozogenesis may occur, 1 oocyst engulfed has the ability to destroy thousands or millions of intestinal cells. The generation number of asexual reproduction and the number of merozoites released by the schizonts, as well as the time required to complete the life cycle, vary with the species of coccidia. The number of asexual generations, the number of merozoites produced, and the latency period for each species remained relatively stable. Thus, each coccidia has the potential to destroy a certain number of host cells. This may be one reason why some coccidia species are more pathogenic than others.
The coccidiosis of the piglets is distributed worldwide, mostly occurs to piglets of 7-21 days old, the main symptoms are diarrhea, the growth is slow, the severity of the symptoms of the piglets in different litters is different, and even the affected degree of different individuals of the piglets in the same litter is different. The disease has high morbidity and low mortality, is easy to generate secondary infection, causes higher morbidity and mortality, has ineffective treatment by antibiotics, and is frequently ignored by pig breeders and veterinarians, thus seriously affecting the economic benefit of a pig farm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis, which is simple and feasible, is suitable for large-scale breeding, can effectively prevent pig coccidiosis, can effectively improve the survival rate of piglets, greatly reduces the breeding period and reduces the breeding cost.
The microorganisms used in the method of the invention and the enterprises purchased by the microorganisms are as follows: streptococcus thermophilus, shanxi forest friend natural products, ltd; bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactobacillus, Cangzhou beneficial macro animal health product Limited; actinomycetes, Laisen Biotechnology Inc., Cangzhou.
Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis comprises the following steps: prenatal preparation, piglet nursing, conservation and feeding, and specifically comprises the following steps:
prenatal preparation: feeding the reinforced feed from the beginning of sow fertilization, cleaning a delivery room, a delivery bed, a corner, a piglet incubator, a feeding trough and a water trough before the sow enters the delivery room, then sterilizing the whole delivery room by using clear water and 5000-7000 times diluted potassium permanganate solution in sequence, adjusting the temperature of the delivery room to be 14-16 ℃, adjusting the humidity to be 55-60%, enabling the sow to enter the delivery room for adapting to the environment 5-7 days before the sow farrowing, cleaning up the dirt on the sow body before the delivery, and then sterilizing by using 2-5% of soda water; the comfortable delivery room environment is beneficial to storing the physical ability of the sow, and meanwhile, the proper temperature and humidity are beneficial to reducing the farrowing interval time and the farrowing process, reducing the dystocia proportion, the number of dead fetuses and the occurrence of uterine inflammation, and simultaneously being beneficial to maintaining the food intake and the milk yield of the sow;
nursing the piglets: nursing a sow during parturition, immediately wiping the whole body of the sow by a sterilized towel after the birth of the sow, cutting the agent belt, sterilizing the piglet by iodine tincture, putting the piglet into a heat preservation box for drying, controlling the temperature of the heat preservation box to be 32-35 ℃, wiping and sterilizing the breast of the sow by 0.08-0.10% potassium permanganate solution, cutting canine teeth of the piglet, putting the piglet beside the sow for feeding colostrum, controlling the temperature to be 15-20 ℃ in the lactation period, and carrying out posting or nest combining on the sow which is incapable of lactation or has little belt; injecting 100-150 mg of iron preparation into neck muscles 2-3 days after the piglets are born, and injecting 0.1% of sodium selenite-vitamin E mixture 0.5 mL/head 3-4 days and 10-12 days after the piglets are born respectively; the piglet feed has the advantages that a dry, sanitary and warm living environment is provided for newborn piglets, the death rate of the piglets can be reduced, iron and selenium are supplemented for the piglets, the in-vivo immune system is improved as soon as possible, and the physique and the vitality of the piglets are enhanced;
and (3) conservation: with the reduction of the lactation yield and milk quality of sows, when suckling piglets enter a conservation stage 5-7 days, the piglets are kept in the original stalls for 1-2 days, and then are induced to eat conservation feeds and are fed for 3-4 times every day; weaning for 20-21 days, and adding 2-3% of probiotics into the nursing feed of the piglets by using the opportunity that the piglets enter the food when weaning piglets are transferred into a nursing fence for 3-5 days; the loneline, loneline and environmental stress of the piglets in the turning process can be reduced by keeping the piglets in the original fence for 1-2 days, the piglets enter the food calling and nursing feed stage more slowly, the nursing feed has higher energy, and the feed is rich in high-quality protein, mineral substances, vitamins, phagostimulant, dairy products, grease and other nutrient substances and can meet the requirements of the growth and development of the piglets;
feeding: the piglets which reach the age of 60 days can be transferred to a piggery for feeding, the piggery is disinfected before feeding, then the temperature of the piggery is adjusted to be 20-24 ℃, the humidity is 45-60%, the piglets are fed for 2-3 times every day, the feeding time is selected to be 8: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-18: 00, and the piglets are fed with compound feed; the compound feed is rich and comprehensive in nutrition, contains protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance, fat and other nutrient substances necessary for the growth and development of piglets, can effectively prevent the occurrence of swine coccidiosis, enhances the immunocompetence of the piglets, simultaneously can promote the ingestion of the piglets, enhances the physical strength and the vitality, improves the feeding efficiency and reduces the feeding cost.
Preferably, the reinforced feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600-700 parts of corn flour, 150-200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 40-50 parts of oil bran, 30-35 parts of imported fish meal, 12-15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 20-22 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of lysine and 10-15 parts of premix; the reinforced feed has comprehensive and rich nutrition and reasonable proportion, has stronger food calling property and palatability, can enhance the food intake of pregnant sows, meet the demand of organisms on nutrient substances, can improve the antibacterial and disease-resistant capability of the organisms and reduce the risk of production infection.
Preferably, the nursing feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500-600 parts of corn flour, 100-200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 50-80 parts of meat and bone meal, 20-30 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, 25-30 parts of furfural residue, 5-6 parts of chitosan, 20-25 parts of fish oil, 30-45 parts of soybean oil, 20-30 parts of soybean lecithin, 2-3 parts of citrus powder, 0.006-0.008 part of 3-thiophene methanol and 10-15 parts of a premix; unsaturated fatty acid in the fish oil can effectively adjust the fat structure of piglets, however, the fish oil generates secondary metabolites such as malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal after being oxidized, which can cause oxidative damage to piglet organisms, so that the consumed nutrients are increased, more energy and other nutrient substances need to be taken to deal with the influence of oxidized grease on the organisms, so that the material-weight ratio is increased, and trace 3-thiophenemethanol can react with active free radicals causing grease oxidation to form new and stable free radicals, thereby terminating the chain reaction of the free radicals, avoiding the fish oil oxidation caused by the active free radicals and keeping the nutritional value of the fish oil; the conservation feed has higher energy content, is rich in protein, fatty acid, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance and other nutrient elements, can meet the high-energy requirement of piglets, and can effectively improve the intestinal microbial flora structure of the piglets, prevent diarrhea, diarrhea and dyspepsia of the piglets, and enhance the physique and the immunity of the piglets.
Preferably, the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 550-650 parts of corn flour, 100-150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 100-120 parts of rice bran, 30-40 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of lysine, 1-2 parts of methionine, 3-4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15-20 parts of salt and 10-12 parts of premix; the compound feed has reasonable proportion and comprehensive and rich nutrition, can meet the requirements of a large amount of nutrient substances such as protein, fat and the like required by live pigs in a rapid growth period, changes wastes into valuables by utilizing industrial and agricultural wastes such as soybean meal, rice bran, stone powder and the like, increases the industrial added value, and protects the environment.
Preferably, the preparation steps of the Chinese medicinal preparation are as follows: crushing 10-15 parts of malt, 8-9 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-6 parts of astragalus, 10-12 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15-20 parts of oldenlandia diffusa, 10-12 parts of radix stemonae, 10-12 parts of rangooncreeper fruit, 20-25 parts of pumpkin seeds, 12-15 parts of cyrtomium rhizome and 12-15 parts of betel nut, sieving with a 100-140-mesh sieve, adding 2-3 times of distilled water, and decocting into paste; the traditional Chinese medicine preparation not only has the functions of food calling and digestion promoting, but also has better antibacterial and antiviral functions, and can have better prevention and treatment effects on the coccidiosis in the pigs.
Preferably, the probiotics are at least 3 mixed bacteria of actinomycetes, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, streptococcus thermophilus and bacillus subtilis; a plurality of beneficial microorganisms are combined into a same state to form a multi-element and stable microecosystem, so that the intestinal flora is adjusted, and the diarrhea, diarrhea and dyspepsia of the live pigs are prevented; can also inhibit pathogenic bacteria, improve immunity of fowls and pigs, and enhance stress resistance.
Preferably, 1.2-1.5 thousandth of ivermectin and albendazole are selected to expel insects for piglets, and the pigs are continuously used for 5-7 days, 7-day-old pigs are injected with coccidiosis vaccines, 15-day-old pigs are injected with 2 ml of piglet edema disease multivalent inactivated vaccines through muscles, 20-day-old pigs are injected with 4 parts of swine fever attenuated freeze-dried vaccines through muscles, 30-day-old pigs are injected with blue ear disease vaccines, 35-day-old pigs are selected and injected with foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccines, and 40-day pigs are subjected to paratyphoid vaccine intramuscular injection or oral administration of 4 parts; a56-day-old pig is injected with 4 parts of hog cholera attenuated freeze-dried vaccine intramuscular and is injected with 1 part of or orally taken 4 parts of streptococcus suis attenuated freeze-dried live vaccine subcutaneously.
Preferably, the pigsty for nursing the piglets needs to pay attention to ventilation of the pigsty after 1-3 days of disinfection, and in addition, the pigsty is regularly disinfected for 1-2 times per week in the process of nursing and feeding the piglets, the disinfection mode is fumigation or spraying, and quaternary ammonium salt and iodine disinfectants are alternately used; after the piglets are transferred to the nursery pen, a backing plate with the area of 1/3-1/2 is laid in a sleeping place of the piglets, the temperature of a pigsty is kept at 25-28 ℃, the temperature of the pigsty is timely adjusted along with the increase of the age of the day, and the temperature is reduced by 2-3 ℃ every week.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1) unsaturated fatty acid in the fish oil can effectively regulate the fat structure of piglets, and trace 3-thiophenemethanol can react with active free radicals causing grease oxidation to form new and stable free radicals, so that the chain reaction of the free radicals is terminated, the fish oil oxidation caused by the active free radicals is avoided, and the nutritive value of the fish oil is kept; 2) the method disclosed by the invention is used for respectively carrying out nutrition enhancement on the sows and the piglets in the sow period, the nursing period and the feeding period, so that the body function of the sows and the quality of the sows can be maintained, the piglets can grow rapidly, the immunity of the piglets can be improved, the disease-resistant and antibacterial capabilities can be enhanced, the occurrence of the coccidiosis in the pigs can be effectively prevented, and the method is an efficient and safe pig raising method.
Detailed Description
The scheme of the invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1:
a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis comprises the following steps:
1) the reinforced feed is fed from the beginning of sow fertilization, and the reinforced feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 40 parts of oil bran, 30 parts of imported fish meal, 12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 20 parts of salt, 2 parts of lysine and 10 parts of premix, wherein a delivery room, a delivery bed, a corner, a piglet insulation can, a feeding trough and a water tank are cleaned before a sow enters the delivery room, then the whole delivery room is disinfected by clear water and 5000 times diluted potassium permanganate solution in sequence, the temperature of the delivery room is adjusted to be 14 ℃, the humidity is 55%, the sow enters the delivery room 5 days before farrowing to adapt to the environment, the body of the sow is cleaned before delivery, and then 2% of soda water is used for disinfection; 2) nursing a special person during the delivery of a sow, immediately wiping the whole body of the sow by a sterilized towel after the birth of the piglet, cutting the agent belt, sterilizing the piglet by iodine tincture, putting the piglet into a heat preservation box for drying, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation box is 32 ℃, wiping and sterilizing the breast of the sow by 0.08 percent potassium permanganate solution, cutting canine teeth of the piglet, putting the piglet beside the sow for feeding colostrum, and the temperature in the lactation period is 15 ℃, and carrying out sample posting or nest merging on the sow without the capacity of lactation or with few piglets; injecting 100mg iron preparation into neck muscle of piglet 2 days after birth, and injecting 0.1% sodium selenite-vitamin E mixture 0.5 mL/head 3 days and 10 days after birth; 3) with the reduction of the lactation yield and the milk quality of the sows, the nursing stage is started when the suckling piglets are 5 days later, the piglets are kept in the original stalls for 1 day, and then the nursing feed is attracted, wherein the nursing feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500 parts of corn flour, 100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 50 parts of meat and bone meal, 20 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, 25 parts of furfural residues, 5 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of fish oil, 30 parts of soybean oil, 20 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of citrus powder, 0.006 part of 3-thiophene methanol and 10 parts of a premix; feeding for 3 times every day; nursing for 20 days for weaning, and after weaned piglets are transferred into a nursing fence for 3 days, adding 2% of probiotics into nursing feed of the piglets by using the opportunity that the piglets are fed on a large scale, wherein the probiotics are mixed bacteria of actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria; 4) the piglets which reach 60 days old can be transferred to a piggery for feeding, the piggery is disinfected before feeding, then the temperature of the piggery is adjusted to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 45%, the piglets are fed for 2 times every day, the feeding time is selected to be 8: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-18: 00, and the composite feed is fed, and the composite feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 550 parts of corn flour, 100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 100 parts of rice bran, 30 parts of stone powder, 1 part of lysine, 1 part of methionine, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15 parts of salt and 10 parts of premix; the compound feed is rich and comprehensive in nutrition, contains protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance, fat and other nutrient substances necessary for the growth and development of piglets, can effectively prevent the occurrence of swine coccidiosis, enhances the immunocompetence of the piglets, simultaneously can promote the ingestion of the piglets, enhances the physical strength and the vitality, improves the feeding efficiency and reduces the feeding cost.
Example 2:
a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis comprises the following steps:
1) prenatal preparation: the reinforced feed is fed from the beginning of sow fertilization, and the reinforced feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 700 parts of corn flour, 200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 50 parts of oil bran, 35 parts of imported fish meal, 15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 22 parts of salt, 3 parts of lysine and 15 parts of premix; before the sows enter a delivery room, cleaning the delivery room, a delivery bed, a corner, a piglet insulation can, a feeding trough and a water tank, then sequentially sterilizing the whole delivery room by using clear water and 7000 times diluted potassium permanganate solution, adjusting the temperature of the delivery room to be 16 ℃, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, enabling the sows to enter the delivery room for adapting to the environment 7 days before farrowing, removing dirt on the bodies of the sows completely before farrowing, and then sterilizing by using 5% of soda water; the comfortable delivery room environment is beneficial to storing the physical ability of the sow, and meanwhile, the proper temperature and humidity are beneficial to reducing the farrowing interval time and the farrowing process, reducing the dystocia proportion, the number of dead fetuses and the occurrence of uterine inflammation, and simultaneously being beneficial to maintaining the food intake and the milk yield of the sow;
2) nursing the piglets: nursing a special person during the delivery of a sow, immediately wiping the whole body of the sow by a sterilized towel after the birth of the piglet, cutting the agent belt, sterilizing the piglet by iodine tincture, putting the piglet into a heat preservation box for drying, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation box is 35 ℃, wiping and sterilizing the breast of the sow by 0.10% potassium permanganate solution, cutting canine teeth of the piglet, putting the piglet beside the sow for feeding colostrum, and carrying out sample registering or nest combining on the sow without the capacity of lactation or with few piglets, wherein the temperature in the lactation period is 20 ℃; injecting 150mg iron preparation into neck muscle 3 days after the birth of piglet, and injecting 0.1% sodium selenite-vitamin E mixture 0.5 mL/head 4 days and 12 days after the birth of piglet respectively; the piglet feed has the advantages that a dry, sanitary and warm living environment is provided for newborn piglets, the death rate of the piglets can be reduced, iron and selenium are supplemented for the piglets, the in-vivo immune system is improved as soon as possible, and the physique and the vitality of the piglets are enhanced;
3) and (3) conservation: with the reduction of the lactation yield and the milk quality of the sows, when suckling piglets for 7 days, the piglets enter a conservation stage, the piglets are kept in the original stalls for 2 days, and then the piglets start to be attracted with conservation feed, wherein the conservation feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of corn flour, 200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 80 parts of meat and bone meal, 30 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, 30 parts of furfural residues, 6 parts of chitosan, 25 parts of fish oil, 45 parts of soybean oil, 30 parts of soybean lecithin, 3 parts of citrus reticulata powder, 0.008 part of 3-thiophene methanol and 15 parts of a premix, and feeding for 4 times every day; weaning after 21 days of nursing, and adding 3% of probiotics into the nursing feed of the piglets by utilizing the opportunity that the weaned piglets enter the food when the weaned piglets enter the nursing fence for 5 days, wherein the probiotics are mixed bacteria of actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, streptococcus thermophilus and bacillus subtilis; the loneline, loneline and environmental stress of the piglets in the turning process can be reduced by keeping the piglets in the original fence for 2 days, the piglets enter the food calling and nursing feed stage more slowly, the nursing feed has higher energy, and the feed is rich in high-quality protein, mineral substances, vitamins, food calling agents, dairy products, grease and other nutrient substances and can meet the substances required by the growth and development of the piglets;
4) feeding: the piglets which reach 60 days old can be transferred to a piggery for feeding, the piggery is disinfected before feeding, then the temperature of the piggery is adjusted to 24 ℃, the humidity is 60 percent, the piglets are fed for 3 times every day, the feeding time is selected to be 8: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-18: 00, and the composite feed is fed, and the composite feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 650 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 120 parts of rice bran, 40 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of lysine, 2 parts of methionine, 4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20 parts of salt and 12 parts of premix; the compound feed is rich and comprehensive in nutrition, contains protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance, fat and other nutrient substances necessary for the growth and development of piglets, can effectively prevent the occurrence of swine coccidiosis, enhances the immunocompetence of the piglets, simultaneously can promote the ingestion of the piglets, enhances the physical strength and the vitality, improves the feeding efficiency and reduces the feeding cost.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation comprises the following steps: crushing 15 parts of malt, 9 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 20 parts of oldenlandia diffusa, 12 parts of radix stemonae, 12 parts of rangooncreeper fruit, 25 parts of pumpkin seed, 15 parts of cyrtomium rhizome and 15 parts of betel nut, sieving with a 140-mesh sieve, adding 3 times of distilled water, and decocting into paste; the traditional Chinese medicine preparation not only has the functions of food calling and digestion promoting, but also has better antibacterial and antiviral functions, and can have better prevention and treatment effects on the coccidiosis in the pigs.
Example 3:
a pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis comprises the following steps: prenatal preparation, piglet nursing, conservation and feeding, and specifically comprises the following steps:
prenatal preparation: feeding the reinforced feed from the beginning of sow fertilization, cleaning a delivery room, a delivery bed, a corner, a piglet incubator, a feeding trough and a water trough before the sow enters the delivery room, then sterilizing the whole delivery room by using clear water and 6500 times diluted potassium permanganate solution in sequence, adjusting the temperature of the delivery room to 15 ℃, adjusting the humidity to 58%, enabling the sow to enter the delivery room for adapting to the environment 7 days before farrowing, removing dirt on the body of the sow before delivery, and then sterilizing by using 4% of soda water; the comfortable delivery room environment is beneficial to storing the physical ability of the sow, and meanwhile, the proper temperature and humidity are beneficial to reducing the farrowing interval time and the farrowing process, reducing the dystocia proportion, the number of dead fetuses and the occurrence of uterine inflammation, and simultaneously being beneficial to maintaining the food intake and the milk yield of the sow;
nursing the piglets: nursing a special person during the delivery of a sow, immediately wiping the whole body of the sow by a sterilized towel after the birth of the piglet, cutting the agent belt, sterilizing the piglet by iodine tincture, putting the piglet into a heat preservation box for drying, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation box is 33 ℃, wiping and sterilizing the breast of the sow by 0.08 percent potassium permanganate solution, cutting canine teeth of the piglet, putting the piglet beside the sow for feeding colostrum, and the temperature in the lactation period is 18 ℃, and carrying out sample posting or nest merging on the sow without the capacity of lactation or with few piglets; injecting 120mg iron preparation into neck muscle 3 days after the birth of the piglet, and injecting 0.1% sodium selenite-vitamin E mixture 0.5 mL/head respectively 4 days and 12 days after the birth; the piglet feed has the advantages that a dry, sanitary and warm living environment is provided for newborn piglets, the death rate of the piglets can be reduced, iron and selenium are supplemented for the piglets, the in-vivo immune system is improved as soon as possible, and the physique and the vitality of the piglets are enhanced;
and (3) conservation: with the reduction of the lactation yield and the milk quality of the sows, the suckling piglets enter a conservation stage 6 days later, the piglets are kept in the original stalls for 2 days, then the piglets start to lure the nursing feed and are fed for 3 times a day; nursing for 20 days for weaning, and after weaned piglets are transferred into a nursing fence for 4 days, 3% of probiotics are added into nursing feed of the piglets by utilizing the opportunity that the piglets enter the food fast, wherein the probiotics are mixed bacteria of actinomycetes, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, streptococcus thermophilus and bacillus subtilis; the loneline, loneline and environmental stress of the piglets in the turning process can be reduced by keeping the piglets in the original fence for 2 days, the piglets enter the food calling and nursing feed stage more slowly, the nursing feed has higher energy, and the feed is rich in high-quality protein, mineral substances, vitamins, food calling agents, dairy products, grease and other nutrient substances and can meet the substances required by the growth and development of the piglets;
feeding: the piglets which reach 60 days old can be transferred to a pigsty for feeding, the pigsty is disinfected before feeding, then the temperature of the pigsty is adjusted to be 22 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the piglets are fed for 3 times every day, the feeding time is selected to be 8: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-18: 00, and the piglets are fed with the compound feed; the compound feed is rich and comprehensive in nutrition, contains protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance, fat and other nutrient substances necessary for the growth and development of piglets, can effectively prevent the occurrence of swine coccidiosis, enhances the immunocompetence of the piglets, simultaneously can promote the ingestion of the piglets, enhances the physical strength and the vitality, improves the feeding efficiency and reduces the feeding cost.
The reinforced feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 650 parts of corn flour, 180 parts of fermented soybean meal, 45 parts of oil bran, 32 parts of imported fish meal, 14 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 20 parts of salt, 2.5 parts of lysine and 12 parts of premix; the reinforced feed has comprehensive and rich nutrition and reasonable proportion, has stronger food calling property and palatability, can enhance the food intake of pregnant sows, meet the demand of organisms on nutrient substances, can improve the antibacterial and disease-resistant capability of the organisms and reduce the risk of production infection.
The nursing feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 580 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 60 parts of meat and bone meal, 25 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, 25 parts of furfural residue, 5 parts of chitosan, 24 parts of fish oil, 40 parts of soybean oil, 25 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of citrus powder, 0.007 part of 3-thiophene methanol and 14 parts of a premix; unsaturated fatty acid in the fish oil can effectively adjust the fat structure of piglets, however, the fish oil generates secondary metabolites such as malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal after being oxidized, which can cause oxidative damage to piglet organisms, so that the consumed nutrients are increased, more energy and other nutrient substances need to be taken to deal with the influence of oxidized grease on the organisms, so that the material-weight ratio is increased, and trace 3-thiophenemethanol can react with active free radicals causing grease oxidation to form new and stable free radicals, thereby terminating the chain reaction of the free radicals, avoiding the fish oil oxidation caused by the active free radicals and keeping the nutritional value of the fish oil; the conservation feed has higher energy content, is rich in protein, fatty acid, amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance and other nutrient elements, can meet the high-energy requirement of piglets, and can effectively improve the intestinal microbial flora structure of the piglets, prevent diarrhea, diarrhea and dyspepsia of the piglets, and enhance the physique and the immunity of the piglets.
The compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of corn flour, 140 parts of fermented soybean meal, 100 parts of rice bran, 40 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of lysine, 2 parts of methionine, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 18 parts of salt and 12 parts of premix; the compound feed has reasonable proportion and comprehensive and rich nutrition, can meet the requirements of a large amount of nutrient substances such as protein, fat and the like required by live pigs in a rapid growth period, changes wastes into valuables by utilizing industrial and agricultural wastes such as soybean meal, rice bran, stone powder and the like, increases the industrial added value, and protects the environment.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation comprises the following steps: crushing 12 parts of malt, 8 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of astragalus, 11 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 18 parts of houttuynia cordata, 16 parts of oldenlandia diffusa, 10 parts of radix stemonae, 10 parts of rangooncreeper fruit, 24 parts of pumpkin seed, 14 parts of cyrtomium rhizome and 14 parts of betel nut, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, adding 3 times of distilled water, and decocting into paste; the traditional Chinese medicine preparation not only has the functions of food calling and digestion promoting, but also has better antibacterial and antiviral functions, and can have better prevention and treatment effects on the coccidiosis in the pigs.
The beneficial bacteria are actinomycetes, proteobacteria, lactic acid bacteria or filamentous flora; a plurality of beneficial microorganisms are combined into a same state to form a multi-element and stable microecosystem, so that the intestinal flora is adjusted, and the diarrhea, diarrhea and dyspepsia of the live pigs are prevented; can also inhibit pathogenic bacteria, improve immunity of fowls and pigs, and enhance stress resistance.
1.2 per mill of ivermectin and albendazole are selected to expel parasites of piglets, 7 days of pigs are continuously used, 7 days of pigs are injected with coccidiosis vaccines, 15 days of pigs are injected with 2 milliliters of piglet edema disease multivalent inactivated vaccines through muscles, 20 days of pigs are injected with 4 parts of swine fever attenuated freeze-dried vaccines through muscles, 30 days of pigs are injected with blue ear disease vaccines, 35 days of pigs are selected and injected with foot and mouth disease inactivated vaccines, and 40 days of pigs are injected with one part of paratyphoid vaccine through muscles or orally take 4 parts of paratyphoid vaccine through muscles; a56-day-old pig is injected with 4 parts of hog cholera attenuated freeze-dried vaccine intramuscular and is injected with 1 part of or orally taken 4 parts of streptococcus suis attenuated freeze-dried live vaccine subcutaneously.
The pigsty for nursing the piglets needs to pay attention to ventilation of the pigsty 2 days after disinfection, and in addition, the pigsty is regularly disinfected for 12 times every week in the process of nursing and feeding the piglets, the disinfection mode is fumigation or spraying, and quaternary ammonium salt and iodine disinfectants are alternately used; when the piglets are transferred to the nursery pen, a backing plate with the area of 1/3 is laid in a sleeping place of the piglets, the temperature of the pigsty is kept at 28 ℃, the temperature of the pigsty is adjusted timely along with the increase of the age of the piglets in days, and the temperature is reduced by 3 ℃ every week.
The conventional operations in the operation steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A pig raising method for preventing pig coccidiosis is characterized in that: the pig raising method comprises the following steps:
prenatal preparation: feeding the reinforced feed from the beginning of sow fertilization, cleaning a delivery room, a delivery bed, a corner, a piglet incubator, a feeding trough and a water trough before the sow enters the delivery room, sterilizing the whole delivery room, adjusting the temperature of the delivery room to be 14-16 ℃, adjusting the humidity to be 55-60%, enabling the sow to enter the delivery room for adapting to the environment 5-7 days before the sow farrow, removing dirt on the body of the sow before delivery, and sterilizing with 2-5% of soda water;
nursing the piglets: nursing a special person during the delivery of a sow, immediately wiping the whole body of the sow by a sterilized towel after the birth of the piglet, cutting the agent belt, sterilizing the piglet by iodine tincture, putting the sow breast into a heat preservation box for drying, wiping and sterilizing the sow breast by 0.08-0.1% potassium permanganate solution, cutting canine teeth of the piglet, putting the piglet beside the sow for feeding colostrum, controlling the temperature to be 15-20 ℃ in the lactation period, and carrying out sample posting or nest merging on the sow without the capacity of lactation or with few piglets; injecting 100-150 mg of iron preparation into neck muscles 2-3 days after the piglets are born, and injecting 0.1% of sodium selenite-vitamin E mixture 0.5 mL/head 3-4 days and 10-12 days after the piglets are born respectively;
and (3) conservation: with the reduction of the lactation yield and milk quality of sows, when suckling piglets enter a conservation stage 5-7 days, the piglets are kept in the original stalls for 1-2 days, and then are induced to eat conservation feeds and are fed for 3-4 times every day; weaning for 20-21 days, and adding 2-3% of probiotics into the nursing feed of the piglets by using the opportunity that the piglets enter the food when weaning piglets are transferred into a nursing fence for 3-5 days; the nursing feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500-600 parts of corn flour, 100-200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 50-80 parts of meat and bone meal, 20-30 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, 25-30 parts of furfural residue, 5-6 parts of chitosan, 20-25 parts of fish oil, 30-45 parts of soybean oil, 20-30 parts of soybean lecithin, 2-3 parts of citrus powder, 0.006-0.008 part of 3-thiophene methanol and 10-15 parts of a premix;
feeding: the piglets which reach the age of 60 days can be transferred to a piggery for feeding, the piggery is disinfected before feeding, then the temperature of the piggery is adjusted to be 20-24 ℃, the humidity is adjusted to be 45-60%, the piglets are fed for 2-3 times every day, the feeding time is selected to be 8: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-18: 00, and the piglets are fed with the compound feed.
2. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the intensified feed in the prenatal preparation step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600-700 parts of corn flour, 150-200 parts of fermented soybean meal, 40-50 parts of oil bran, 30-35 parts of imported fish meal, 12-15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 20-22 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of lysine and 10-15 parts of premix.
3. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the delivery room sterilizing operation in the prenatal preparation step is as follows: washing with clear water, and then diluting with 5000-7000 times of diluted potassium permanganate solution.
4. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the heat preservation box in the piglet nursing step is 32-35 ℃.
5. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: in the nursing step, the nursing pigsty of the piglet needs to pay attention to ventilation of the pigsty after being disinfected for 1-3 days, and in addition, the piglet is regularly disinfected for 1-2 times every week in the nursing and feeding process, the disinfection mode is fumigation or spraying, and quaternary ammonium salt and iodine disinfectants are alternately used; after the piglets are transferred to the nursery pen, a backing plate with the area of 1/3-1/2 is laid in a sleeping place of the piglets, the temperature of a pigsty is kept at 25-28 ℃, the temperature of the pigsty is timely adjusted along with the increase of the age of the day, and the temperature is reduced by 2-3 ℃ every week.
6. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation in the nursing feed comprises the following steps: 10-15 parts of malt, 8-9 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-6 parts of astragalus, 10-12 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15-20 parts of oldenlandia diffusa, 10-12 parts of radix stemonae, 10-12 parts of rangooncreeper fruit, 20-25 parts of pumpkin seeds, 12-15 parts of cyrtomium rhizome and 12-15 parts of betel nut are crushed, sieved by a 100-140-mesh sieve, added with 2-3 times of distilled water and decocted into paste.
7. The method for raising pigs against coccidiosis in pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the compound feed in the feeding step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 550-650 parts of corn flour, 100-150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 100-120 parts of rice bran, 30-40 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of lysine, 1-2 parts of methionine, 3-4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15-20 parts of salt and 10-12 parts of premix.
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