CN109041723A - The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures - Google Patents
The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures Download PDFInfo
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- CN109041723A CN109041723A CN201810854952.8A CN201810854952A CN109041723A CN 109041723 A CN109041723 A CN 109041723A CN 201810854952 A CN201810854952 A CN 201810854952A CN 109041723 A CN109041723 A CN 109041723A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The present invention provides the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, belongs to restoration of the ecosystem and environmental survey field.The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures provided by the invention carries out partition by the grassland that will be degenerated, then and is targetedly repaired, the reparation of identity is avoided to cause the repairing effect of different zones inconsistent, and then influence the development on entire grassland；By suitably applying fertilizer and the control of suitable forage seeds application rate and suitable final-period management, it can preferably restore the vigor on grassland, improve Effect of Ecological Restoration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to restoration of the ecosystem and environmental survey fields, in particular to the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures.
Background technique
Deterioration of grasslands, that is, grassland vegetaion decline.It is mainly shown as that good forage type is reduced, all kinds of Grass Qualities deteriorate, single
Plane product grass yield decline etc..Deterioration of grasslands is a seed type of land deterioration, be desertification of land main forms it
One.Deterioration of grasslands is that grassland caused by human activity and unfavorable natural cause deteriorates, including soil material loses and physicochemical property
It deteriorates, the forfeiture of good forage and economic productivity decline., there is natural factor in the reason of leading to grass-land deterioration, such as long-term dry
Drought, wind erosion, water erosion, fire, sandstorm, mouse, insect pest etc..But important is human factor, such as overgrazing, estrepement, overcutting etc..Due to
Long-term irrational utilization is even robbed formula and is utilized, and a large amount of substance is constantly taken away from grassland, cannot compensate, violate ecology
The basic principle of energy and material balance in system leads to the disorder, imbalance and decline of ecosystem function, makes the ecology on grassland
Constantly decline with productivity.
The reparation on major part degeneration meadow at present using fencing, prohibit and herd, stop and herd, near-nature forests reparation or the loose cake such as rotation grazing, draw
The artificial single or comprehensive repair mode for promoting to repair such as broken turf, L. chinensis, after-culture, fertilising, rat plague control, pest control into
Row is repaired；But after-culture all generally is carried out using single seed for the grass seeds of after-culture in the reparation of meadow, it is original to grassland
The ecological balance damages, while the large area expansion of same plant is numerous, becomes larger to its nutritional ingredient demand and water demand, repairs
It is unsustainable, it will carry out repeating reparation every year, grassland itself not can be carried out self-healing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, this method can repair the grassland of degeneration well.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, using following technical scheme:
The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, comprising the following steps:
Grassland is divided into slight degenerate region and moderate according to range plant group coverage and the content of soil layer organic matter
Degenerate region；
Slight degenerate region is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg
High activity organic fertilizer and forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out Closed fencing processing by the amount of forage seeds；
Gently degraded area is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg forage seeds
High activity organic fertilizer and forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out fence processing by amount.
The beneficial effect comprise that the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures provided by the invention, passes through the grassland that will be degenerated
Partition is carried out, then and is targetedly repaired, the reparation of identity is avoided to cause the repairing effect of different zones inconsistent,
And then influence the development on entire grassland；By suitably applying fertilizer and the control of suitable forage seeds application rate and suitable later period
Management can preferably restore the vigor on grassland, improve Effect of Ecological Restoration.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.
The after-culture method of the Degraded Pastures of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, comprising the following steps:
Grassland is divided into slight degenerate region and moderate according to range plant group coverage and the content of soil layer organic matter
Degenerate region；
Slight degenerate region is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg
High activity organic fertilizer and forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out fence processing by the amount of forage seeds；
Gently degraded area is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg forage seeds
High activity organic fertilizer and forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out fence processing by amount.
To grassland according to different degree of degenerations, region division is carried out, then by targetedly repairing, improves and repairs
Efficiency shortens and repairs the time limit；Improve repairing quality；The ecological stability on grassland can also be improved simultaneously.
It is repaired if subregion is not directly unified；Degenerating, to be possible to biomass exceeded for lighter region, causes soil to overload, no
Conducive to development；And serious region of degenerating then is possible to biomass deficiency, repairs slowly, inefficiency；Influence entire grassland
Reparation progress and effect；Cause the waste of resource.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the total coverage slip of the phytobiocoenose on grassland reaches 11%-
20%, the region division that soil layer total nitrogen content slip is 11%-20% is slight degenerate region.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the total coverage slip of the phytobiocoenose on grassland reaches 21%-
30%, the region division that soil layer total nitrogen content slip is 11%-20% is gently degraded area.
Grassland degeneration, which is natural meadow, cries out in arid, dust storm, water erosion, salt, waterlogging, WATER LEVEL CHANGES etc. it is unfavorable it is natural because
It under the influence of element, or overgrazes and cuts with the irrational utilizations such as mowing, or indiscriminate control, prison, gathers firewood to adopt and destroy grassland vegetation, cause meadow
The deterioration of the ecological environment, Grassland Herbage biological yield reduce, quality decline, grassland utilization reduced performance, or even lose utility value
Process.
Deterioration of grasslands, further include monitoring turf height, advantage grass seeds dominance, edible grass seeds number, not edible grass seeds number with
Poison the ratio of careless number, grassland degeneration indicator species number, grassland desertification indicator species number, meadow salination indicator species number, total
Herbage harvest, edible Herbage harvest, not edible Herbage harvest and the ratio for poisoning Herbage harvest etc..
In addition the slip of 0-20cm soil layer content of organic matter relative percentages is also detected；Slip is in 11%-20%
Section be it is slight degenerate, slip is gently degraded in the section of 21%-40%.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the dosage of high activity organic fertilizer is 8-14kg per acre, humic acid
The dosage of fertilizer is that 2-6kg, the dosage of forage seeds are 1.2-1.7kg per acre per acre.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio of high activity organic fertilizer is 2-5:1-3:1-
2。
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, forage seeds include daghestan sweet clover, Medicago varia, awnless brome and
Lyme grass.
By the mixed seeding of a variety of herbages, the population of single dominant species is avoided the formation of, is cooperated by a variety of herbages；It mentions
The system stability of the ecosystem on high grassland；It equally can also be conducive to compete between GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, enable grassland benign
Development avoids the formation of single dominant species from causing ecology out of control.
Further, awnless brome content is 35%-55% in herbage, the content of lyme grass is 20%-30%, miscellaneous colored lucerne
Mu content is 20%-25%, daghestan sweet clover content is 5%-10%.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the sowing line-spacing in slight degenerate region and gently degraded area is 15-
18cm。
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, depth of planting 1-5cm.
It further, further include application foliar fertilizer in preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, by this method by grassland according to degree of degeneration difference into
The ecological restoring method of row partition after-culture, can be improved the efficiency of restoration of the ecosystem.
The following steps are included:
1.1 divide deterioration of grasslands region according to deterioration of grasslands situation, and the grassland of degeneration is divided into slight degenerate region in
Spend degenerate region.The criteria for classifying such as table 1.
1 deterioration of grasslands grade scale of table
1.2 high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer and the forage seeds point for being mixed to get N P and K according to the weight ratio of 2:1:1
It is not mixed according to the dosage per acre for 8kg, 2kg and 1.2kg；Wherein forage seeds include daghestan sweet clover, Medicago varia, awnless brome and
Lyme grass, wherein awnless brome content is 35%, the content of lyme grass is 30%, Medicago varia content is 25%, daghestan sweet clover contains
Amount is 10%；
1.3 broadcast the mixture of fertilizer in step 1.2 and seed after slight degenerate region and gently degraded area are turned green
Kind, especially gently degraded area after turning green-rainy season before sow；
The line-spacing of 1.4 sowings is 15cm, depth of planting 1cm；It is sprayed in biomass peak period (the 7-8 month) in gently degraded area
The growth of foliar fertilizer promotion herbage；
Grassland is sealed 3 years or so using fence after the completion of 1.5 sowings.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, by this method by grassland according to degree of degeneration difference into
The ecological restoring method of row partition after-culture, can be improved the efficiency of restoration of the ecosystem.
The following steps are included:
1.1 divide deterioration of grasslands region according to deterioration of grasslands situation, and the grassland of degeneration is divided into slight degenerate region in
Spend degenerate region；The criteria for classifying such as table 1；
1 deterioration of grasslands grade scale of table
1.2 high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer and the forage seeds point for being mixed to get N P and K according to the weight ratio of 5:3:2
It is not mixed according to the dosage per acre for 14kg, 6kg and 1.7kg；Wherein forage seeds include daghestan sweet clover, Medicago varia, awnless brome
And lyme grass, wherein awnless brome content is 55%, the content of lyme grass is 20%, Medicago varia content is 20%, daghestan sweet clover
Content is 5%；
1.3 broadcast the mixture of fertilizer in step 1.2 and seed after slight degenerate region and gently degraded area are turned green
Kind, especially gently degraded area after turning green-rainy season before sow；
The line-spacing of 1.4 sowings is 18cm, depth of planting 5cm；It is sprayed in biomass peak period (the 7-8 month) in gently degraded area
The growth of foliar fertilizer promotion herbage；
Grassland is sealed 3 years or so using fence after the completion of 1.5 sowings.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, by this method by grassland according to degree of degeneration difference into
The ecological restoring method of row partition after-culture, can be improved the efficiency of restoration of the ecosystem.
The following steps are included:
1.1 divide deterioration of grasslands region according to deterioration of grasslands situation, and the grassland of degeneration is divided into slight degenerate region in
Spend degenerate region；The criteria for classifying such as table 1；
1 deterioration of grasslands grade scale of table
1.2 high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer and the forage seeds point for being mixed to get N P and K according to the weight ratio of 5:3:2
It is not mixed according to the dosage per acre for 10kg, 4kg and 1.5kg；Wherein forage seeds include daghestan sweet clover, Medicago varia, awnless brome
And lyme grass, including awnless brome be 35%, the content of lyme grass is 30%, Medicago varia content is 25%, daghestan sweet clover content
It is 10%；
1.3 broadcast the mixture of fertilizer in step 1.2 and seed after slight degenerate region and gently degraded area are turned green
Kind, especially gently degraded area after turning green-rainy season before sow；
1.4 the line-spacing of sowing is 16cm, depth of planting 2cm；It is sprayed in biomass peak period (the 7-8 month) in gently degraded area
The growth of foliar fertilizer promotion herbage；
Grassland is sealed 3 years or so using fence after the completion of 1.5 sowings.
In conclusion the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by the way that Degraded Pastures subregion is administered,
It is targetedly repaired, improves the efficiency and quality of reparation, improve the stability of Pasture ecosystem.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures, which comprises the following steps:
According to range plant group coverage and the content of the soil layer organic matter of 0-20cm by grassland be divided into slight degenerate region and
Gently degraded area；
The slight degenerate region is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg
The high activity organic fertilizer and the forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out Closed fencing processing by the amount of forage seeds；
The gently degraded area is after turning green according to 8-14kg per acre by high activity organic fertilizer, per acre 1.2-1.7kg forage seeds
The high activity organic fertilizer and the forage seeds are mixed, are sowed and carry out fence processing by amount.
2. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the phytobiocoenose on the grassland is total
The region division that coverage slip reaches 11%-20%, the soil layer total nitrogen content slip is 11%-20% is described light
Spend degenerate region.
3. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 2, which is characterized in that when the phytobiocoenose on the grassland is total
The region division that coverage slip reaches 21%-30%, the soil layer total nitrogen content slip is 11%-20% is in described
Spend degenerate region.
4. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the dosage of the high activity organic fertilizer
For 8-14kg per acre, the dosage of the humic acid fertilizer is that 2-6kg, the dosage of the forage seeds are 1.2-1.7kg per acre per acre.
5. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nitrogen phosphorus of the high activity organic fertilizer
Potassium ratio is 2-5:1-3:1-2.
6. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the forage seeds include daghestan sweet clover,
Medicago varia, awnless brome and lyme grass.
7. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that awnless brome described in the herbage
Content is 35%-45%, the content of the lyme grass is 20%-30%, the Medicago varia content is 15%-25%, described
Daghestan sweet clover content is 5%-10%.
8. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slight degenerate region and it is described in
The sowing line-spacing for spending degenerate region is 15-18cm.
9. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the depth of planting is 1-5cm.
10. the after-culture method of Degraded Pastures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include application foliar fertilizer.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114651549A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-06-24 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Construction method for treating saline-alkali spots |
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