CN103493676A - Technology for recovering severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow - Google Patents
Technology for recovering severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493676A CN103493676A CN201310489325.6A CN201310489325A CN103493676A CN 103493676 A CN103493676 A CN 103493676A CN 201310489325 A CN201310489325 A CN 201310489325A CN 103493676 A CN103493676 A CN 103493676A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for recovering a severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow. The technology for recovering the severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow can effectively recover the severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow to an original state. The technology for recovering the severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow comprises the following steps that firstly, enclosure is carried out on a degraded meadow, the time for the enclosure is at least five years, and grazing is forbidden in the period of the enclosure; after grass resumes growth, grass seeds are reseeded and fertilizer is applied in the degraded meadow, and the grass seeds seeded in the degraded meadow comprise 1.8-2.2kg/mu of elymus sibiricus, 1.8-2.2kg/mu of elymus, 1.0-1.4kg/mu of bluegrass and 1.0-1.4kg/mu of red fescue. By means of the recovering technology, most parts of the severe degraded meadow can be recovered in five years normally, conservative grazing of livestock can be carried out from the sixth year after soil is frozen in winter, and the severe degraded meadow can be completely recovered after another two years. The technology for recovering the severe degraded subalpine flat dam meadow is suitable for being popularized and applied in the field of pratacultural science.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Practaculture Science field, be specifically related to the inferior high mountain Pingba of a kind of heavy-degraded grassy marshland recovering technology.
Background technology
Subalpine meadow is a type of Alpine meadow.Alpine meadow is to adapt to the type of alpine condition in grassy marshland, take cold resistant, the thicket high grass of short rhizome underground bud and sedge, dogstail, miscellany grass as building the hygropium of mass-planting thing.Distribution is the widest with the western high mountain of China and East of Tibetan Plateau, and also there is existence in the Qinling Mountains, Xiaowutai Shan Mountain and NW YUNNAN mountain region.Various because of species composition, so grow densely, cover degree is larger.Wherein most typical is wormwood grassy marshland, and the constructive species class reaches more than 10 plants, and distribution height above sea level is 4000-5000m; The Alpine meadow that is advantage by the miscellany grass, distribution height above sea level is slightly low, and magnificent appearance is arranged.Alpine meadow has formed one of high-plateau zonation vegetation with high-cold scrub on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, at other high mountain, is the Mountain Altitudinal type, so there is the people that this class grassy marshland on high mountain is called again to subalpine meadow and alpine meadow.
In recent years, because overgraze domestic animal or other reasons cause the grass yield of grassy marshland and vegetation coverage, reduce, in the grass group, good forage ratio or kind reduce, the Livestock Production hydraulic performance decline, and soil condition aggravates, and causes meadow degradation.Meadow degradation is by being divided into 4 grades, i.e. degeneration, slight degeneration, moderate are degenerated, heavy-degraded, and concrete evaluation criterion is as shown in the table:
Meadow degradation can cause the Livestock Production hydraulic performance decline, and soil condition aggravates, and it is an important research topic in Practaculture Science that the grassy marshland that how to make to degenerate returns to original state.At present, the recovery neither one effective measures of Degradation Meadow for how, be mostly to apply some fertilizer in Degradation Meadow, promote the growth of herbage, but this mode be for the grassy marshland of slight degeneration, effect is better, but, for the grassy marshland of moderate degeneration and heavy-degraded, its DeGrain, if meadow degradation be mustn't go to effective inhibition and recovery, after long-time, grassy marshland will be degenerated to desert, and environment is caused to very large destruction.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can be effectively by the inferior high mountain Pingba of the restorable heavy-degraded of heavy-degraded grassy marshland grassy marshland recovering technology.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: the inferior high mountain Pingba of this heavy-degraded grassy marshland recovering technology, comprise the following steps: at first, the grassy marshland of degenerating is carried out to the fence fencing, and the time of fence fencing is at least 5 years, during the fence fencing in closure against grazing; After For Herbage Turning Green, after-culture grass seeds apply fertilizer in the grassy marshland of degenerating, the following grass seeds of sowing in the grassy marshland of degenerating: siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue, the seeding quantity of its each grass seeds is as described below: 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of chewing fescues.
Further, the seeding quantity of after-culture grass seeds is as described below: 2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.2 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.2 kg/acres of chewing fescues.
Further, the sowing depth of after-culture grass seeds is as described below: the sowing depth of siberian wildrye is 2cm, and the sowing depth of lyme grass is 2cm, and the sowing depth of annual bluegrass is 1～2cm, and the sowing depth of chewing fescue is 1～2cm.
Further, the seeding method of after-culture grass seeds is mechanical drilling.
Further, after For Herbage Turning Green, adopt the selective herbicide of low-residual to carry out the removal of impurities processing.
The selective herbicide of the low-residual further, adopted is 2,4-D butyl ester.
Further, the fertilizer applied in the grassy marshland of degenerating is urea.
Further, the urea usage amount applied in the grassy marshland of degenerating is 12 kg/acres.
Further, before the after-culture grass seeds, by grass seeds with sow again after fertilizer mixes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: at first the inferior high mountain Pingba of this heavy-degraded grassy marshland recovering technology carries out the fence fencing to the grassy marshland of degenerating, and the time of fence fencing is at least 5 years, during the fence fencing in closure against grazing, after For Herbage Turning Green, after-culture grass seeds apply fertilizer in the grassy marshland of degenerating, the following grass seeds of sowing in the grassy marshland of degenerating: siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue, the seeding quantity of its each grass seeds is as described below: 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of chewing fescues, due to siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue is bred as the good forage kind for the native country that is applicable to Qinghai-Tibet High-cold regions growth, and select by the optimization to its seeding quantity, the general grassy marshland recovery major part that only needs can make in 5 years heavy-degraded, the conservative grazing livestock after frozen soil in the winter time just since the 6th year, grassy marshland Deng heavy-degraded after 2 years just can be recovered fully, then carry out the normal grazing utilization according to system for the balance between the yield of grass, the whole restore cycle is shorter, can effectively avoid soil condition to aggravate, to preventing that desertification from having very large effect.
Embodiment
The inferior high mountain Pingba of this heavy-degraded grassy marshland recovering technology, comprise the following steps: at first, the grassy marshland of degenerating is carried out to the fence fencing, the time of fence fencing is at least 5 years, during the fence fencing in closure against grazing; After For Herbage Turning Green, after-culture grass seeds apply fertilizer in the grassy marshland of degenerating, the following grass seeds of sowing in the grassy marshland of degenerating: siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue, the seeding quantity of its each grass seeds is as described below: 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of chewing fescues.Due to siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue is bred as the good forage kind for the native country that is applicable to Qinghai-Tibet High-cold regions growth, and select by the optimization to its seeding quantity, the general grassy marshland recovery major part that only needs can make in 5 years heavy-degraded, the conservative grazing livestock after frozen soil in the winter time just since the 6th year, grassy marshland Deng heavy-degraded after 2 years just can be recovered fully, then carry out the normal grazing utilization according to system for the balance between the yield of grass, the whole restore cycle is shorter, can effectively avoid soil condition to aggravate, to preventing that desertification from having very large effect.
In order to make as early as possible the grassy marshland that moderate is degenerated recover, shorten grassy marshland and recover the required time, the seeding quantity of described after-culture grass seeds is preferably: 2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.2 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.2 kg/acres of chewing fescues.
For the grass seeds that guarantees after-culture germinating growth smoothly, through further investigation, the sowing depth of after-culture grass seeds is preferably: the sowing depth of siberian wildrye is 2cm, and the sowing depth of lyme grass is 2cm, the sowing depth of annual bluegrass is 1～2cm, and the sowing depth of chewing fescue is 1～2cm.
In order to improve the after-culture efficiency of grass seeds, the seeding method of after-culture grass seeds is preferably mechanical drilling.
In grassy marshland due to heavy-degraded; the poisonous and harmful weeds chief's ratio usually can be increasing; poisonous and hazardous herbage can not, as the forage of livestock, also can be caused certain destruction to environment, therefore; when the poisonous and harmful weeds become dominant species in Schima superba; after For Herbage Turning Green, adopt the selective herbicide of low-residual to carry out the removal of impurities processing, the poisonous and harmful weeds are removed; the herbage that retaining variety is good, make the grassy marshland can continuable long-term use.In order to improve the effect of removal of impurities, the selective herbicide of the low-residual adopted is preferably 2,4-D butyl ester.
In order to promote the Fast Growth of grass seeds and herbage, the fertilizer applied in the grassy marshland of heavy-degraded is urea.The usage amount of urea can not too much can not be very few, too much or the very few growth rate that all can affect herbage, through experimental study, when the urea usage amount applied in the grassy marshland of heavy-degraded is 12 kg/acres, the growth rate of herbage is the fastest, described fertilizer can be when the after-culture grass seeds together with grass seeds seeding and fertilizing, also can after For Herbage Turning Green, apply fertilizer separately, generally to apply fertilizer in annual mid-June to early July, when fertilising, because meadow is generally to irrigate by natural rainwater, therefore, before fertilization time is typically chosen in and rains.Generally, for the germination rate that improves grass seeds and the growth rate of seedling, preferably before the after-culture grass seeds, by grass seeds with sow again after fertilizer mixes.In order to improve sowing efficiency, generally adopt the grassland improvement all-in-one to be sowed, not only can reseed grass seeds, fertilising, can also be improved meadow simultaneously.
Claims (9)
1. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: at first, the grassy marshland of degenerating is carried out to the fence fencing, the time of fence fencing is at least 5 years, during the fence fencing in closure against grazing; After For Herbage Turning Green, after-culture grass seeds apply fertilizer in the grassy marshland of degenerating, the following grass seeds of sowing in the grassy marshland of degenerating: siberian wildrye, lyme grass, annual bluegrass, chewing fescue, the seeding quantity of its each grass seeds is as described below: 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 1.8～2.2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.0～1.4 kg/acres of chewing fescues.
2. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 1 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the seeding quantity of after-culture grass seeds is as described below: 2 kg/acres of siberian wildryes, 2 kg/acres of lyme grass, 1.2 kg/acres of annual bluegrasses, 1.2 kg/acres of chewing fescues.
3. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 2 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the sowing depth of after-culture grass seeds is as described below: the sowing depth of siberian wildrye is 2cm, the sowing depth of lyme grass is 2cm, the sowing depth of annual bluegrass is 1～2cm, and the sowing depth of chewing fescue is 1～2cm.
4. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 3 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the seeding method of after-culture grass seeds is mechanical drilling.
5. according to the inferior high mountain Pingba of the described heavy-degraded of any one claim in claim 1 to 4 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: after For Herbage Turning Green, adopt the selective herbicide of low-residual to carry out the removal of impurities processing.
6. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 5 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the selective herbicide of the low-residual adopted is 2,4-D butyl ester.
7. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 6 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer applied in the grassy marshland of degenerating is urea.
8. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 7 grassy marshland recovering technology, it is characterized in that: the urea usage amount applied in the grassy marshland of degenerating is 12 kg/acres.
9. the inferior high mountain Pingba of heavy-degraded as claimed in claim 8 grassy marshland recovering technology is characterized in that: before the after-culture grass seeds, by grass seeds with sow again after fertilizer mixes.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104025856A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所 | Alpine grassland vegetation improvement technology |
| CN104686187A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-10 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for artificial pasture planting in greenhouses in arctic-alpine pasturing areas |
| CN105660148A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Desertification grassland recovery method |
| CN108651175A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | A kind of method that near-nature forest repairs plague of rats degeneration meadow |
| CN109041723A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures |
| CN110122200A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A method of Degradation Meadow grassland is improved using ribbon after-culture mode |
| CN111264311A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-12 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for establishing mowing type natural grass-mowing field in alpine pasturing area in northwest of Sichuan |
| CN115362783A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-22 | 忻州师范学院 | Subalpine meadow ecological restoration treatment method |
| CN116267435A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Plant functional group configuration and restoration method for near-natural restoration of severe-degradation alpine grassland |
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| CN104025856A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所 | Alpine grassland vegetation improvement technology |
| CN104686187A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-10 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for artificial pasture planting in greenhouses in arctic-alpine pasturing areas |
| CN105660148A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Desertification grassland recovery method |
| CN105660148B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of Sandy Grassland restoration methods |
| CN110122200A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A method of Degradation Meadow grassland is improved using ribbon after-culture mode |
| CN108651175A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | A kind of method that near-nature forest repairs plague of rats degeneration meadow |
| CN109041723A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The after-culture method of Degraded Pastures |
| CN111264311A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-12 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for establishing mowing type natural grass-mowing field in alpine pasturing area in northwest of Sichuan |
| CN115362783A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-22 | 忻州师范学院 | Subalpine meadow ecological restoration treatment method |
| CN115362783B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-12-22 | 忻州师范学院 | Ecological restoration and treatment method for subalpine meadow |
| CN116267435A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Plant functional group configuration and restoration method for near-natural restoration of severe-degradation alpine grassland |
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Application publication date: 20140108 |