CN1089321C - 常温下固化的组合物 - Google Patents

常温下固化的组合物 Download PDF

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CN1089321C
CN1089321C CN97112207A CN97112207A CN1089321C CN 1089321 C CN1089321 C CN 1089321C CN 97112207 A CN97112207 A CN 97112207A CN 97112207 A CN97112207 A CN 97112207A CN 1089321 C CN1089321 C CN 1089321C
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cured compositions
particle diameter
slag
normal temperature
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CN1171380A (zh
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田边惠三
松浦克治
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REFLEX CO Ltd
Kurosawa Construction Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26Silicates of the alkali metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06Quartz; Sand
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/006Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0041Non-polymeric ingredients chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
    • C04B2103/0044Compounds chosen for their abrasion resistance, e.g. determined according to the L.A. test
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供的常温下固化的组合物,是把含有二氧化硅和氧化钙及铝化合物的第1粉粒体和作为骨料的第2粉粒体用水玻璃混练,使该混练物硬化而得到的。本发明的常温下固化的组合物可在常温下硬化并具有与瓷砖相当的特性。

Description

常温下固化的组合物
本发明涉及作为建筑物外墙复盖材料或加热炉耐热复盖材料等而使用的常温下固化的组合物。
代表性的建筑物外墙复盖材料是瓷砖。瓷砖具有优异耐热性和耐气候性,而且美观性也高。将其用于建筑物外墙罩面,能提高建筑物的耐火性及耐久性,并能提高美观性。但是,制造瓷砖必须采用高温烧制,因此,通常可能做成的最大尺寸至多30cm见方,而且每块瓷砖的成本高。因此,用瓷砖复盖外墙比用其它复盖材料大幅度地提高成本是不可避免的。
鉴于上述问题,本申请的发明者研究出一种耐热性及耐气候性与瓷砖不相上下、具有美观性、且无须高温烧制的材料,因无须高温烧制,故其尺寸不受限制。由该研究得出了本发明。
所以,本发明的目的是,提供一种能在常温下硬化而具有相当于瓷砖特性的常温下固化的组合物。
本发明的常温下固化的组合物是把第1粉粒体和作为骨料的第2粉粒体用水玻璃混练,将该混练物硬化后而得到的。第1粉粒体含有二氧化硅(SiO2)和氧化钙(CaO)的同时,还含有铝化合物、特别是氧化铝(Al2O3)或氢氧化铝(Al(OH)3)。
本发明的常温下固化的组合物具有高耐热性和耐气候性,经3小时1050℃的耐热试验、又经耐气候牢度试验仪1000小时的耐气候试验无任何异常。其抗压强度能达到1000~3000kgf/cm2左右,其硬度能达到莫氏硬度4~6左右,能满足作为建筑物外墙复盖材料所要求的特性,且与瓷砖相当。本发明的常温下固化的组合物,也能充分满足作为加热炉等耐热复盖材料所要求的特性。因此,本发明的常温下固化的组合物,也可以作为加热炉的耐热复盖材料,其实用性很高。
本发明的常温下固化的组合物,能在常温下硬化而制成具有上述强度特性等的产品,从而能容易地制成例如尺寸超过1m的产品。因此,可用一块至数块对应于建筑物幕墙等通常尺寸,在外墙装修方面具有与瓷砖同等的效果但成本比用瓷砖大幅度降低。
本发明的常温下固化的组合物,也可以喷涂或涂敷在复盖对象物上使其硬化。这些方法可用于建筑物外墙复盖,尤其适用于加热炉的耐热复盖层等情况。
本发明的常温下固化的组合物,其特征是上述的组分、尤其是用水玻璃进行混练以及氧化钙的含量。即,通过用水玻璃混练上述配方的粉粒体,可得到性能优良的常温下固化的组合物。另外,通过氧化钙的含量可调节硬化速度,可确保所需成形等的硬化时间。氧化钙的含量与硬化时间的关系如图1所示。从图1中可见,氧化钙的含量最好占全部粉粒体的0.05~20%(重量)。
上述常温下固化的组合物中的第1粉粒体,通常可采用0.15~33%(重量)波特兰水泥、30~50%(重量)粒径为0.1~1μm的二氧化硅粉末、10~30%(重量)粒径为0.5~100μm的氧化铝或氢氧化铝混合而成。作为骨料的第2粉粒体最好采用粒径为0.1~2mm的硅砂。这些粉粒体的粒径对于常温下固化的组合物的物理性质有较大影响,所以最好采用上述粒径。
上述常温下固化的组合物中的第1粉粒体,可由至少含15%(重量)以上二氧化硅及25%(重量)以上氧化钙的粒径为120μm以下的矿渣、粒径为0.1~1μm的硅粉末、粒径为0.5~100μm的氧化铝或氢氧化铝混合而成,其中,矿渣占30~50%(重量),二氧化硅粉末占30~50%(重量),氧化铝或氢氧化铝占10~30%(重量)。通常,电炉炼钢产生的矿渣能满足上述矿渣的成分,因此,可采用电炉炼钢的矿渣作为上述矿渣。
上述常温下固化的组合物中的第1及第2粉粒体与水玻璃的配比最好是:第1粉粒体为30~50%(重量),第2粉粒体为30~50%(重量),水玻璃为10~30%(重量),这样能充分发挥上述特性。
图1是表示氧化钙含量与硬化时间关系的曲线图。
下面说明本发明的实施例。
本发明的一个较好实施例中的第1粉粒体的组分(重量%)如下。普通波特兰水泥的主要成分是:二氧化硅约23%(重量%),氧化铝约5%(重量%)、氧化钙约65%(重量%)。粉煤灰的主要成分是:二氧化硅约56%(重量%),氧化铝约30%(重量%)。
普通波特兰水泥                                  8
粒径为0.1μm的二氧化硅灰(SiO2)                 31
粒径为0.7~70μm的粉煤灰                        61
第2粉粒体是采用粒径为100~300μm的硅砂。水玻璃可采用例如,24%(重量)的K2O,21.4%(重量)的SiO2,53.3%(重量)的水的钾类水玻璃。17.9%(重量)的Na2O,25.9%(重量)的SiO2,53.6%(重量)的水的钠类水玻璃。此外,也可以采用锂类水玻璃,但锂类水玻璃价格高,一般不用。
将这些第1和第2粉粒体用以下的配比(重量%)与水玻璃混练,将该混练物注入成形模内,放置24小时使之硬化后脱模,得到厚度为10mm的板状常温下固化的组合物。
第1粉粒体                                    39.9
第2粉粒体                                    39.9
水玻璃                                       20.2
为了使这样得到的常温下固化的组合物板快速干燥,在150℃经3小时的干燥后,测定其物理特性。其结果如下。
比重                                         1.8
抗压强度(kgf/cm2)                           1120
莫氏硬度                                     5
吸水率(20℃水中浸72小时)                     0.0002
耐热性(1050℃3小时)                          无异常
耐气候性(耐气候牢度试验仪1000小时)           无异常
本发明的另一较好实施例中,第1粉粒体用矿渣代替波特兰水泥。该矿渣是用电炉炼钢产生的矿渣(例如日本大同特种钢株式会社的产品名为“大同矿渣”的矿渣)。该矿渣的成分(重量%)如下。
二氧化硅(SiO2)                               20.56
氧化钙(CaO)                                   32.83
总铁成分                                      13.67
氧化镁(MgO)                                   9.28
氧化铝(Al2O3)                               8.66
氧化锰(MnO)                                   4.21
总铬(Cr)成分                                 1.50
氧化钛(TiO2)                                0.46
其它                                         8.83
采用上述矿渣的第1粉粒体的配比(重量%)如下。
粒径为97μm以下的电炉炼钢矿渣                40
粒径为0.2~0.5μm的二氧化硅灰(SiO2)         40
粒径为1~10μm的氢氧化铝(Al(OH)3)           20
第2粉粒体是采用粒径为0.2~1mm的硅砂。水玻璃与上述实施例同样。将这些第1及第2粉粒体用以下的配比(重量%)与水玻璃混练,将混练物注入成形模内,放置6小时使之硬化后脱模,得到厚度为10mm的板状常温下固化的组合物。
第1粉粒体                              39.9
第2粉粒体                              39.9
水玻璃                                 20.2
为了使这样得到的常温下固化的组合物板快速干燥,在150℃经3小时干燥后,测定其物理特性。基结果如下。
比重                                   2.43
抗压强度(kgf/cm2)                     2870
莫氏硬度                               6
吸水率(20℃水中浸72小时)               0.0002
耐热性(1050℃3小时)                   无异常
耐气候性(耐气候牢度试验仪1000小时)    无异常

Claims (4)

1、一种在常温下固化的组合物,其通过混合和固化30-50wt%的第一粉末材料、30-50wt%的第二粉末材料以及10-30wt%的水玻璃而制得,
所述的第一粉末材料由(a)30-50wt%的电炉制钢形成的炉渣,该炉渣包括15wt%或更多的二氧化硅,以及25wt%或更多的氧化钙;(b)30-50wt%的二氧化硅的硅石粉;以及(c)10-30wt%的氧化铝或氢氧化铝组成,
所述的第二粉末材料由硅砂组成。
2、根据权利要求1的在常温下固化的组合物,其中第一粉末材料中的电炉制钢形成的炉渣的粒径小于120μm,二氧化硅的硅石粉的粒径为0.1~1μm,氧化铝或氢氧化铝的粒径为0.5~100μm;第二粉末材料的硅砂的直径为0.1~2mm。
3、根据权利要求2的在常温下固化的组合物,其中电炉制钢形成的炉渣的粒径小于97μm。
4、根据权利要求2或3的在常温下固化的组合物,其中第二粉末材料的硅砂的直径为0.2~1mm。
CN97112207A 1996-07-12 1997-07-11 常温下固化的组合物 Expired - Fee Related CN1089321C (zh)

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JP18315396 1996-07-12
JP183153/96 1996-07-12
JP146376/97 1997-06-04
JP14637697A JPH10101401A (ja) 1996-07-12 1997-06-04 硬質セラミック体

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CN102648167B (zh) * 2009-11-26 2015-11-25 建筑研究和技术有限公司 用于制造耐化学性建筑化学产品的无机粘合剂体系
EP2428499A1 (de) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-14 Construction Research & Technology GmbH Verwendung von aluminium- und siliziumhaltigen Verbindungen zur Herstellung eines hydrophilen Baustofferzeugnisses
CN107382342B (zh) * 2017-08-03 2021-03-09 济南圣泉倍进陶瓷过滤器有限公司 一种耐高温材料及其制备方法和应用

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EP0417583A2 (de) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-20 Ht Troplast Ag Anorganische Formmasse
EP0495336A1 (de) * 1991-01-09 1992-07-22 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Verwendung von in Gegenwart von Wasser abbindende Massen zur Befestigung von Ankerstangen.

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JPS59217685A (ja) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-07 株式会社イナックス 床タイルの製造方法
US4642137A (en) * 1985-03-06 1987-02-10 Lone Star Industries, Inc. Mineral binder and compositions employing the same
EP0257128A1 (de) * 1986-08-26 1988-03-02 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Selbsthärtende Mischung zur Erzielung chemisch resistenter Materialien
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DE4104596A1 (de) * 1991-02-14 1992-08-20 Woellner Werke Selbsthaertende wasserhaltige mischung zur erzielung chemisch resistenter materialien, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie verwendung der mischung

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0417583A2 (de) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-20 Ht Troplast Ag Anorganische Formmasse
JPH03109242A (ja) * 1989-09-12 1991-05-09 Huels Troisdorf Ag 成形体を製造するための成形材料および成分のキット、ならびに成形体
EP0495336A1 (de) * 1991-01-09 1992-07-22 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Verwendung von in Gegenwart von Wasser abbindende Massen zur Befestigung von Ankerstangen.

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EP0818428B1 (en) 2001-09-19
JPH10101401A (ja) 1998-04-21
KR980009200A (ko) 1998-04-30
DE69706777D1 (de) 2001-10-25
KR100242593B1 (ko) 2000-02-01
DE69706777T2 (de) 2002-07-04
EP0818428A1 (en) 1998-01-14
CN1171380A (zh) 1998-01-28

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