CN108912086B - 一种活性黄酮类化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物提取技术领域,具体涉及到一种活性黄酮类化合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
多花黄精,来源于百合科黄精属多花黄精植物的干燥根茎,又名姜形黄精。主产于我国南方地区,湖南省栽培多花黄精历史悠久,是其道地产地之一。《本草纲目》言其“得坤土之精,为补养中宫之胜品”,具有补肾益精,滋阴润燥的功效,长期用于治疗肾虚亏损,脾胃虚弱,肺虚燥咳,体倦乏力之症,同时也是数十种复方滋补药剂的重要组分。目前,尚未有从多花黄精中提取得到具有抗宫颈癌、胃癌及具有良好的抗氧化性的黄酮类化合物的报道。
文献CN104069348A公开了一种黄精提取物及其制备方法与应用,该发明将黄精通过乙醇热提后,再用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,得到的化合物主要用于抗糖尿病及其并发症上,并没有抗宫颈癌和胃癌的功效。
文献CN201410274076.3公开了一种黄精多糖在制备具有辅助抑制结肠癌功效的功能食品中的应用,但该发明从黄精中提取的物质主要应用于结肠癌,且制备方法与本发明完全不同。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种活性黄酮类化合物及其制备方法与应用,具有抗宫颈癌、胃癌及抗氧化的功效。
本发明的内容包括活性黄酮类化合物的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
本发明的活性黄酮类化合物Ⅰ为(3R)-5,7-二羟基-8-甲基-3-(2'-羟基-4'-甲氧苄基)-4-高异黄酮,相关文献中鲜有其报道,也并无其在抗宫颈癌、胃癌和抗氧化方面的应用。
其他文献也有从黄精中提取出抗癌化合物的方法,但一是方法上与本发明有非常大的区别,二是提取出的化合物结构完全不同,三是提取的抗癌化合物主要应用于结肠癌、H22实体瘤和S180腹水瘤,与本发明化合物的应用范围并不相同。
化合物Ⅰ的制备包括以下步骤:
(1)取多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,所述黄精粉末和乙醇的重量比为1:5-8,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取2次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用体积比为100:1-2:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个极性由小到大的馏分A-L;
(4)将极性较高的馏分K用体积比为3-5:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为1-2:1-2的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ。
所述活性黄酮类化合物用于制备抗宫颈癌、胃癌及抗氧化的药品。
本发明化合物洗脱时除特殊说明外,采用的固定相均为硅胶柱。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明化合物能有效抗宫颈癌和胃癌,具有良好的抗氧化性,并能用于制备药品。
附图说明
图1为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的合成示意图。
图2为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的13C-NMR谱。
图3为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的1H-NMR谱。
图4为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的DEPT谱。
图5为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的HSQC谱。
图6为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的HMBC谱。
图7为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的1H-1H COSY谱。
图8为本发明的化合物Ⅰ的抗氧化活性示意图;其中(a)表示全血酵母聚糖受浓度的影响,(b)表示中性粒细胞受浓度的影响,CPS表示每秒计数率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)取500g多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用2500ml体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取2次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用2500ml乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用1600ml体积比为100:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个极性由小到大的馏分A-L;
(4)将极性较高的馏分K用3000ml体积比为4:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为1:1的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ的纯度大于98%。
经鉴定,该化合物Ⅰ为(3R)-5,7-二羟基-8-甲基-3-(2'-羟基-4'-甲氧苄基)-4-高异黄酮,其核磁共振谱图如表1所示。
表1化合物Ⅰ的核磁谱图
实施例2
(1)取500g多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用4000ml体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取3次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用2000ml乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用2000ml体积比为2:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个极性由小到大的馏分A-L;
(4)将极性较高的馏分K用3000ml体积比为5:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为2:1的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ的纯度大于98%。
经检测发现,实施例2的最终生成物与实施例1的最终生成物结构一致,本发明化合物Ⅰ的合成方法并不仅限于实施例中所阐述的方法。
实施例3
(1)取500g多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用3000ml体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取4次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用3000ml乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用3000ml体积比为50:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个极性由小到大的馏分A-L;
(4)将极性较高的馏分K用3000ml体积比为3:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为1:2的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ的纯度大于98%。
经检测发现,实施例3的最终生成物与实施例1的最终生成物结构一致,本发明化合物Ⅰ的合成方法并不仅限于实施例中所阐述的方法。
实施例4
(1)取500g多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用2500ml体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取2次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用2500ml乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用1600ml体积比为100:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个极性由小到大的馏分A-L;
(4)将极性较高的馏分K用3000ml体积比为4:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为1:1的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ的纯度大于98%;
为检测化合物Ⅰ对不同肿瘤细胞增殖的影响,现做以下抗肿瘤实验。
抗肿瘤实验的实验原理为:活细胞的线粒体内膜上存在琥珀酸脱氢酶,该酶可将黄绿色的噻唑蓝(简称为MTT,为一种接受氢离子的染料)降解成蓝紫色的甲臜,活细胞越多,生成的蓝紫色的甲臜就越多,而死细胞因其线粒体内膜上的琥珀酸脱氢酶活性消失,无此功能;使用二甲基亚砜溶解蓝紫色的甲臜,并用酶标仪在490nm波长处测定吸光度值,可以定量反应出活细胞数量。
(5)在胎牛血清中培养不同种类的癌细胞,其中不同癌细胞与编号的对应关系如表2所示;
表2不同癌细胞和与之对应编号的关系
(6)将实验分为实验组(化合物Ⅰ)和对照组,其中对照组为紫杉醇,不同组的药物均设置有4个浓度梯度的加药,以上每组均设有3个复孔;
(7)取对数生长期的HepG-2、Hela、MCF-7及BGC-823细胞,吸出原培养液,无菌PBS洗涤两次后加入适量的胰酶进行消化,并离心收集细胞,制成细胞悬液;对细胞进行计数,并稀释细胞浓度为6x103/mL,准备无菌的96孔细胞培养板并进行相应的标记,然后每孔加入100μL细胞悬液,置于37℃,CO2体积浓度为5%的培养箱内培养。待细胞贴壁生长至80%左右时,实验组每孔加入相应的药物,置于37℃,CO2体积浓度为5%的培养箱内培养24h。培养48h后,吸出原培养液,无菌PBS洗涤两次后每孔加入含0.5mg/mL MTT的培养基继续培养4h。4h后,小心吸出孔内培养基,每孔加入150μL二甲基亚砜,置摇床上匀速摇10min,使结晶充分溶解;再用酶标仪在490nm波长处测定各组吸光度值,计算细胞增殖抑制率。
表3化合物Ⅰ对肿瘤细胞活性的影响
其中,IC50(μM)为增殖抑制率为50%时化合物Ⅰ的浓度,用于表示抗肿瘤活性;紫杉醇为阳性对照药;NC表示浓度大于25μM时,化合物Ⅰ依旧无明显抗肿瘤活性。
如表3所示,化合物Ⅰ以剂量依赖性方式抑制Hela和BGC-823肿瘤细胞的增殖,其IC50结果显著低于10μM,表明化合物Ⅰ对Hela和BGC-823肿瘤细胞有较好的抑制作用。
而HepG-2和MCF-7肿瘤细胞对化合物Ⅰ的浓度变化反应不明显,因此化合物Ⅰ对HepG-2和MCF-7肿瘤细胞的抑制作用并没有其对HeLa和BGC-823肿瘤细胞的抑制作用好。
实施例5
(1)取500g多花黄精根部原料,干燥后经粉碎处理,过筛后得到黄精粉末,用2500ml体积浓度为95%的乙醇提取,提取使用仪器为DTQ-200型多功能提取罐,提取2次后,得到提取液;
(2)将提取液用2500ml乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取乙酸乙酯层,浓缩得到浸膏;
(3)将浸膏上样于硅胶柱,用1600ml体积比为100:1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱,得到12个不同极性的馏分A-L;
(4)将馏分K用3000ml体积比为4:1的正己烷-丙酮恒度洗脱,再将所得产物上样于葡聚糖凝胶柱,并用体积比为1:1的氯仿-甲醇洗脱,进一步纯化得到化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ的纯度大于98%;
为检测化合物Ⅰ对体外抗氧化效果,现做以下实验。
本实验使用荧光化学发光法(CL)来测定药物的抗氧化活性。
(5)实验组:使用40μL低浓度全血细胞溶液(1:25稀释于无菌PBS液中,pH为7.4)或40μL佛波醇肉豆蔻乙酸酯(PMA)(1×106/ml)(1×106/ml),将其分散于HBSS++中,加入化合物I进行培育,细胞依次用40μL酵母多糖、40μL鲁米诺试剂(7×10-5M)或40μLPMN及荧光素(0.5mM)进行处理,加入适当溶剂的HBSS++到200μL,配制化合物I的浓度分别为20,10,5,2.5,1.25及0.625μM,准备无菌的96孔细胞培养板并进行相应的标记,恒温22℃培养30分钟;实验结果由多模平板读数器(Enspire 2300,PerkinElmer,Singapore)进行监测,抑制率(%)用下列公式进行计算:
抑制率(%)=(CPS对照组-CPS实验组)/CPS对照组×100;
(6)对照组:阳性对照组的实验步骤与(5)一致,但将化合物I换成水溶维生素E。
化合物I在不同浓度下的CPS数值如图8所示,根据CPS数值计算的全血酵母聚糖和中性粒细胞在抑制率为50%时化合物Ⅰ的浓度如表4所示。
表4化合物Ⅰ体外抗氧化结果
经试验表明,化合物Ⅰ的IC50在全血酵母聚糖及中性粒细胞的抗氧化结果分别约为12及15μM,而阳性对照水溶维生素E的IC50为77.288±1.617μM,表明只需少量化合物Ⅰ即可实现对全血酵母聚糖和中性粒细胞的抑制作用,从而说明化合物Ⅰ具有较强的抗氧化性。
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