CN108906116A - 一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂和制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂和制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108906116A CN108906116A CN201810789983.XA CN201810789983A CN108906116A CN 108906116 A CN108906116 A CN 108906116A CN 201810789983 A CN201810789983 A CN 201810789983A CN 108906116 A CN108906116 A CN 108906116A
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- catalyst
- methyl
- triethylene diamine
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- pentasil zeolite
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene diamine Substances C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- JOMNTHCQHJPVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpiperazine Chemical compound CC1CNCCN1 JOMNTHCQHJPVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical group [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFCSWCVEJLETKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-piperazin-1-ylethanol Chemical class OCCN1CCNCC1 WFCSWCVEJLETKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromoethane Chemical compound BrCCBr PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLDGLPQFXNMWME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-methylpiperazine Chemical compound CC1N(CCNC1)OCC QLDGLPQFXNMWME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJOYTBDSKAZRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-3-methylpiperazine Chemical compound CCON1CCNC(C)C1 ZJOYTBDSKAZRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAKIZRLIXGLPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-piperazin-1-ylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN1CCNCC1 XAKIZRLIXGLPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPUMKKKFXCWRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-methylpiperazin-2-yl)ethanol Chemical compound CN1CCNCC1CCO PPUMKKKFXCWRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTKHSROUHYKSEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpiperazine;piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1.CC1CNCCN1 GTKHSROUHYKSEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[AlH3] Chemical class [Li].[AlH3] FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCILODAAHLISPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl ether Natural products C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC(OC=2C(=CC(CC=C)=CC=2)O)=C1 ZCILODAAHLISPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/405—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/396—Distribution of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/397—Egg shell like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/08—Bridged systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
- B01J2229/186—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种用于合成2‑甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂和制备方法及应用。该催化剂以Pentasil沸石为基体,先包覆SiO2,然后再负载一种或多种稀土金属制得。催化剂含SiO2为3~30%,稀土金属为0.3~5%,Pentasil沸石为65~95%。本发明所述催化剂应用于催化乙二胺与2‑甲基哌嗪分子间缩合制2‑甲基三乙烯二胺的反应中,可明显提高其产物选择性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工技术领域,具体涉及一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂和制备方法及应用。
背景技术
2-甲基三乙烯二胺是一种新型聚氨酯发泡胺化催化剂。相较于传统的三乙烯二胺催化剂,2-甲基三乙烯二胺具有更高的沸点(184~186℃)及更低的熔点(<0℃),且吸湿性小,生产方法简单,其应用范围更为广泛,有望成为三乙烯二胺的一种完美替代品。
目前,2-甲基三乙烯二胺的合成主要以羟乙基哌嗪衍生物为反应物合成,如CN103641836、CN201610761294.9、US4754036及JP2016199471A公开以1-羟乙基-3-甲基哌嗪、1-羟乙基-2-甲基哌嗪、N-β-羟丙基哌嗪及N-α-甲基-β-羟乙基哌嗪中的一种或两种为反应原料,以高岭土、金属磷酸盐、铝改性沸石、磷负载二氧化硅及磷酸盐负载金属氧化物等为催化剂合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺,但原料成本昂贵。
以2-甲基哌嗪为反应原料相较于以羟乙基哌嗪衍生物为原料合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺成本低廉,具有明显的经济优势。Trejbal等在ZSM-5催化剂作用下,以2-甲基哌嗪为原料与乙二胺或与哌嗪的乙二胺溶液反应合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺,产物选择性≤19.8%(Petroleum&Coal2012,54(4),335-339;Chem.Eng.Technol.2007,30(11),1506-1511);夏荣以2-甲基哌嗪及环氧乙烷为原料在甲苯中先合成羟乙基甲基哌嗪,再在联苯及二苯醚的混合溶剂中,以苯基膦酸为催化剂,于325℃条件下合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺(东南大学,硕士学位论文,2012年),合成步骤多,反应条件苛刻,催化剂不易回收及再利用;Yakhontov等以2-甲基哌嗪为原料与氯化氢反应先生成相应的氯化物,再与亚硝酸钠反应得到叠氮化合物,经氢化铝锂还原后获得伯胺,再与二溴乙烷反应得到溴化物,然后再在钯碳催化剂作用下加氢得到2-甲基三乙烯二胺,需五步反应,步骤多且反应过程复杂(Khimiko-farmatsevticheskiiZhurnal,1989,23(1),30-35)。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中反应原料昂贵、步骤多、产物选择性低的问题,提供一种一步催化合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂和制备方法及应用。
本发明所提供的一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂,其特征在于该催化剂以Pentasil沸石为基体,先包覆SiO2,然后再负载一种或多种稀土金属。催化剂含SiO2为3~30%,稀土金属为0.3~5%,Pentasil沸石为65~95%。
Pentasil沸石除硅氧骨架外还含有至少一种三价或四价金属M杂原子,其中M为B、Al、Ga、Ti、Mn、Zr或Ge中的一种,且Si/M摩尔比为100~1000。
M为Al及B中的一种。当M为Al时,Si/Al摩尔比为130~300,优选130~200;当M为B时,Si/B摩尔比为100~600,优选100~300。
Pentasil沸石为ZSM-11或ZSM-5或两者的混合结构,且Pentasil沸石至少部分以氢型存在,其中氢型Pentasil沸石可采用常规的离子交换法进行制备。所述Pentasil沸石为ZSM-5或ZSM-11时,优选粒径≤100nm的纳米沸石。ZSM-11与ZSM-5的混合结构既指在沸石合成过程中所形成的共晶或混晶,也可通过后续机械混合等方式在催化剂备过程中得到的同时含有ZSM-11及ZSM-5沸石的混合沸石材料。
所述稀土金属为镧、铈、钐、铒及钇中的一种,可选择镧、铈、钐、铒及钇的可溶性硝酸盐、醋酸盐或氯化物中的一种或多种,应该说明的是,所选用的金属盐需在水或水的醇溶液中有溶解性或分散性,溶剂量需满足金属盐的溶解性或充分分散的要求即可。
本发明一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将Pentasil沸石加入到氨水的醇溶液中,强力搅拌均匀,然后逐滴加入有机硅酯,搅拌12~24h,然后抽滤并淋洗至中性,于80~120℃条件下烘干。其中沸石:氨:水:醇:有机硅酯的质量比为0.05~1:0.01~0.1:1~30:150~300:0.03~3;
(2)将步骤(1)所得固体再次按同上比例加入到氨水的醇溶液中,并逐滴加入有机硅酯,抽滤、淋洗并烘干。重复此过程至Pentasil沸石增重5~30%;
(3)将步骤(2)所得固体加入到含所需镧、铈、钐、铒及钇中的一种或多种元素化合物的水或水的醇溶液中,并浸渍8~24h;
(4)将步骤(3)所得固液混合物经减压脱水,然后造粒及成型后放入烘箱中干燥,再于马弗炉350~600℃条件下焙烧6~8h,即得催化剂。
本发明催化剂制备过程中逐滴加入有机硅酯后可在通风良好的环境下敞口搅拌,以使溶剂缓慢挥发。其次,在减压脱水过程中宜尽可能选择低温脱水。再次,制备过程中使用醇为乙醇、甲醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、异戊醇中的一种或多种;有机硅酯为正硅酸甲酯、正硅酸乙酯、正硅酸丁酯中的一种或多种。
值得说明的是本发明以Pentasil沸石为基体包覆SiO2,也适用于在制备过程中通过引入表面活性剂(如CTABr)得到具有有序介孔的SiO2包覆层。
本发明所述催化剂应用于固定床连续催化乙二胺与2-甲基哌嗪分子间缩合制2-甲基三乙烯二胺的反应中。
催化剂装填于固定床恒温段。采用连续操作,原料流中乙二胺:2-甲基哌嗪:溶剂的质量比为10~40:10~50:10~80,其中溶剂为水、氨水、甲醇、苯、甲苯、均三甲苯中的一种或多种;反应温度为330~400℃;液体体积空速为0.1~3h-1。
诚然,本发明在应用过程中也可选择流化床或浆态床进行。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
本发明的催化剂用于一步催化乙二胺与2-甲基哌嗪分子间缩合制2-甲基三乙烯二胺反应,步骤少,成本低,且产物2-甲基三乙烯二胺选择性≥65.6%,较现有技术中2-甲基三乙烯二胺选择性≤19.8%显著提高。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明不受下列实施例的限制。
实施例1
催化剂制备:
将50g H-ZSM-5(n(Si/Al)=130)加入到含500mL去离子水、2100mL乙醇及75mL氨水的混合溶液中,强力搅拌均匀,然后逐滴加入20mL正硅酸乙酯,继续敞口搅拌12h,然后抽滤并淋洗至中性,于80℃条件下烘干,将所得固体重复如上过程直至固体增重5%;将3.74g六水硝酸镧加入到150mL水及150mL乙醇的混合溶液中配制浸渍液,并加入增重后的固体粉末,浸渍24h;将浸渍后固液混合物减压脱水,然后造粒、成型及烘干,再于马弗炉中450℃条件下焙烧6h,得催化剂A。
催化剂应用:
采用固定床反应器,反应器尺寸700mm×Φ40mm×6mm。反应在常压下进行,催化剂A装填量30mL,以2-甲基哌嗪、乙二胺及水的混合溶液为原料,其中乙二胺:2-甲基哌嗪:水的质量比为10:30:80,先通过平流泵,再经预热器预热后进入固定床反应器,反应温度370℃,液体空速1h-1。反应稳定6h后取样分析,2-甲基哌嗪转化率53.7%,2-甲基三乙烯二胺选择性为73.1%。
实施例2
催化剂制备:
将50g ZSM-11(n(Si/Al)=200)加入到含500mL去离子水、2200mL乙醇及80mL氨水的混合溶液中,强力搅拌均匀,然后逐滴加入30mL正硅酸乙酯,继续敞口搅拌24h,然后抽滤并淋洗至中性,于120℃条件下烘干,将所得固体重复如上过程直至固体增重8%;将1.8g醋酸铈加入到150mL水及150mL乙醇的混合溶液中配制浸渍液,并加入增重后的固体粉末,浸渍18h;将浸渍后固液混合物减压脱水,然后造粒、成型及烘干,再于马弗炉中400℃条件下焙烧10h,得催化剂B。
催化剂应用:
采用固定床反应器,催化剂B装填量30mL,以2-甲基哌嗪、乙二胺及水的混合溶液为原料,其中乙二胺:2-甲基哌嗪:水的质量比为8:25:80,先通过平流泵,再经预热器预热后进入固定床反应器,反应温度370℃,液体空速0.6h-1。反应稳定6h后取样分析,2-甲基哌嗪转化率68.3%,2-甲基三乙烯二胺选择性为65.6%。
实施例3
催化剂制备:
将50g B-ZSM-5(n(Si/B)=150)加入到含500mL去离子水、2100mL乙醇及70mL氨水的混合溶液中,强力搅拌均匀,然后逐滴加入20mL正硅酸丁酯,继续搅拌24h,然后抽滤并淋洗至中性,于80℃条件下烘干,将所得固体重复如上过程直至固体增重15%;将1.74g六水硝酸镧加入到150mL水及150mL乙醇的混合溶液中配制浸渍液,并加入增重后的固体粉末,浸渍24h;将浸渍后固液混合物减压脱水,然后造粒、成型及烘干,再于马弗炉中450℃条件下焙烧6h,得催化剂C。
催化剂应用:
采用固定床反应器,催化剂C装填量20mL,以2-甲基哌嗪、乙二胺及氨水的混合溶液为原料,其中乙二胺:2-甲基哌嗪:水的质量比为6:20:80,先通过平流泵,再经预热器预热后进入固定床反应器,反应温度360℃,液体空速0.5h-1。反应稳定6h后取样分析,2-甲基哌嗪转化率57.3%,2-甲基三乙烯二胺选择性为71.6%。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂,其特征在于该催化剂以Pentasil沸石为基体,先包覆SiO2,然后再负载一种或多种稀土金属;催化剂含SiO2为3~30%,稀土金属为0.3~5%,Pentasil沸石为65~95%;
Pentasil沸石除硅氧骨架外还含有至少一种三价或四价金属M杂原子,其中M为B、Al、Ga、Ti、Mn、Zr或Ge中的一种,且Si/M摩尔比为100~1000;Pentasil沸石为ZSM-11或ZSM-5或两者的混合结构,且Pentasil沸石至少部分以氢型存在;
所述稀土金属为镧、铈、钐、铒及钇中的一种。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂,其特征在于M为Al或B中的一种;当M为Al时,Si/Al摩尔比为130~300;当M为B时,Si/B摩尔比为100~600。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将Pentasil沸石加入到氨水的醇溶液中,强力搅拌均匀,然后逐滴加入有机硅酯,搅拌12~24h,然后抽滤并淋洗至中性,于80~120℃条件下烘干;其中沸石:氨:水:醇:有机硅酯的质量比为0.05~1:0.01~0.1:1~30:150~300:0.03~3;
(2)将步骤(1)所得固体按同上比例再次加入到氨水的醇溶液中,并逐滴加入有机硅酯,抽滤、淋洗并烘干,重复此过程至Pentasil沸石增重5~30%;
(3)将步骤(2)所得固体加入到含所需镧、铈、钐、铒及钇中的一种或多种元素化合物的水或醇溶液中,并浸渍8~24h;所述的稀土化合物为镧、铈、钐、铒及钇的可溶性硝酸盐或氯化物中的一种或多种;
(4)将步骤(3)所得固液混合物经减压脱水,然后造粒及成型后放入烘箱中干燥,再于马弗炉350~600℃条件下焙烧6~8h,即得用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于醇为乙醇、甲醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、异戊醇中的一种或多种;有机硅酯为正硅酸甲酯、正硅酸乙酯、正硅酸丁酯中的一种或多种。
5.权利要求1所述的用于合成2-甲基三乙烯二胺的催化剂应用于固定床连续催化乙二胺与2-甲基哌嗪分子间缩合制2-甲基三乙烯二胺的反应;使用方法及条件如下所述:
催化剂装填于固定床恒温段,采用连续操作,原料流中乙二胺:2-甲基哌嗪:溶剂的质量比为10~40:10~50:10~80,其中溶剂为水、氨水、甲醇、苯、甲苯、均三甲苯中的一种或多种;反应温度为330~400℃;液体体积空速为0.1~3h-1。
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