CN108785422A - 一种治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。该组合物是由瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍按一定重量配比制备而成。它被制备成一种口服制剂,该中药组合物具有治疗急性乳腺炎的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物及其制备方法,属于中药的技术领域。
背景技术
急性乳腺炎是产后哺乳期妇女的常见病、多发病,多因乳头裂伤或乳汁潴留、细菌侵入乳腺组织而引起的急性化脓性炎症,中医称之为“乳痈”;中医认为多由乳汁淤积、肝郁胃热、感受外邪引起,这与西医认为的乳汁淤积和细菌入侵的病因有异曲同工之妙。临床以哺乳期的外吹乳痈多见,多见于初产妇,且多发于产后的3-4周。随着我国二胎政策的放开,加之现代女性面临的生活、工作压力的加大,可以预见,急性乳腺炎的患者势必会增加。西医对急性乳腺炎的治疗在未成脓前多以抗生素抗感染治疗为主,辅以排空乳汁的方法,化脓后多以切开脓肿并作引流术。文献研究和临床试验结果显示传统中医药学在乳痈的早期治疗中疗效确切,优势独特,不仅可以避免抗生素副作用,而且还能在不影响正常哺乳的同时保持乳房的美观。因此,积极、及时采取中医药方法治疗早期乳腺炎,预防其化脓、破溃,是治疗乳腺炎的关键。
目前用于治疗乳腺炎有关的中药组合物有:公开号为CN104825605A,发明名称为“一种治疗热邪内盛急性乳腺炎的中药组合物”中公开的包括7-15份当归,7-15份枝子,5-13份桃仁,12-20份栝蒌,4-12份牛蒡子,12-20份天花粉,5-13份黄芩,2-10份陈皮,5-13份皂角刺,14-22份金银花,3-11份青皮,5-13份柴胡,12-20份连翘,4-8份甘草,8-16份滴定,12-20份蒲公英,10-20份王不留行,4-12份漏芦,3-11份路路通,2-10份白芷等20味中药组合物;公开号为CN105030969A,发明名称为“一种治疗急性化脓性乳腺炎的内服药物及其制备方法”中公开的包括全瓜蒌1-3份;牛蒡子1-3份;天花粉1-3份;柴胡1-3份;黄芩1-3份;栀子1-3份;连翘1-3份;金银花1-3份;青皮1-3份;陈皮1-3份;皂角刺1-3份;蒲公英1-3份;赤芍1-3份;生甘草1-3份等14味中药组合物;公开号为CN104324111A,发明名称为“一种预防奶牛产后乳腺炎的中草药饲料添加剂”中公开的包括连翘30-40份、海藻30-40份、当归20-30份、川芎20-30份、牛蒡子20-30份、瓜蒌20-30份、柴胡20-25份、金银花20-25份、赤芍15-25份、蒲公英15-25份、黄芩15-20份、王不留行15-20份、漏芦15-20份、甘草15-20份、青皮10-15份、陈皮10-15份、炮甲10-15份、龙胆草5-10份、川楝子5-10份、丹参5-10份等20味中药组合物;公开号为CN102302656A,发明名称为“拘奶汤”中公开的包括瓜蒌24-36克、花粉9-15克、皂刺4-8克、乳香4-8克、没药4-8克、牛蒡子7-11克、栀子4-8克、银花8-12克、连翘8-12克、柴胡9-15克、青皮8-12克、陈皮8-12克、蒲公英16-24克、赤芍12-18克、生地12-18克、知母9-15克、王不留行12-18克、益母草12-18克、甘草4-8克等19味中药组合物。上述四种现有技术的药物组合物,原料药组份较多,处方量大,也增加了配齐组方的难度及实现产业化的困难。因此,有必要开发一种配伍较为简单、安全可靠、疗效确切的治疗乳腺炎的中药组合物。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的中药组合物,该组合物具有疏肝清胃,通乳散结,清热解毒之功效。用于治疗急性乳腺炎气滞热壅证,症见:乳汁於积成块,皮色不变或微红,肿胀疼痛。伴有恶寒发热,头痛,周身酸楚,口渴,便秘。苔黄,脉数。
本发明使用中国传统的天然中草药为原料,无毒副作用,口感好,服用方便,是通过临床试验反复验证配置而成的,符合传统中医学的理论。本发明治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物及其制备方法,以赤芍、蒲公英为君药,赤芍活血化瘀,兼清郁热;蒲公英散结消肿,同具清热解毒之功,前者从血分祛瘀,后者走气分而化瘀,对乳痈初期瘀热并存,以瘀为主的病机切中要害,现代药理研究表明蒲公英可以抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的繁殖。方中瓜蒌、炒王不留行、路路通、皂角刺共为臣药,瓜蒌清胃热、通乳络以达散结消肿,炒王不留行、路路通、皂角刺味辛,性温,消肿托毒,常用于痈疽初起或脓成不溃,为疡毒药中的第一药剂,与蒲公英合用,其消痈之力更倍。醋青皮与柴胡相配,疏肝理气,气行则乳行,结肿自然消,柴胡与黄芩相配兼具疏肝与清热的作用,这对乳痈初期伴发热患者具有良好疗效,三者共助疏肝散结、通乳消肿的作用,为佐药。使药甘草,清热解毒的同时,调和诸药。全方气分药与血分药并用,抓住瘀热这一病机贯穿在乳痈的全过程,在清热解毒,通乳散结的基础上突出活血消肿的作用,采用祛瘀疏肝,通乳消肿,清热解毒的治疗原则,达到标本兼治的效果。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述组合物的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供的治疗急性乳腺炎中药组合物是由下列中药原料药制备而成:瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍。
本发明所述的用于治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物,它是由如下重量份的原料制备而成:瓜蒌1-15份、甘草1-15份、蒲公英5-25份、路路通1-15份、炒王不留行1-15份、皂角刺1-15份、黄芩1-15份、北柴胡1-15份、醋青皮1-15份、赤芍5-25份。
优选为:瓜蒌2-12份、甘草2-10份、蒲公英10-20份、路路通2-10份、炒王不留行2-10份、皂角刺2-10份、黄芩2-10份、北柴胡2-12份、醋青皮2-10份、赤芍10-20份。
更优选为:瓜蒌7.5份、甘草5份、蒲公英15份、路路通5份、炒王不留行5份、皂角刺5份、黄芩5份、北柴胡7.5份、醋青皮6份、赤芍15份。
本发明上述原料药可以是任一生药材或者任一炮制品的组合。上述重量份的原料药制成的制剂为一日量,分2次服用。
本发明以中医理论为依据,采用上述的有效药物相互配合组方,达到疏肝清胃,通乳散结,清热解毒之功效。可用于为急性乳腺炎的有效方剂。其中,
瓜蒌:甘,微苦,寒,归肺、胃、大肠经。具有清热,利气开郁,宽胸散结的功效。用于肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠,胸痹心痛,结胸痞满,乳痈,肺痈,肠痈肿痛,大便秘结。
甘草:性平,味甘。归心、脾、肺、胃经。具有补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药的功效。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性,在中医上,甘草补脾益气,止咳润肺,缓急解毒,调和百药。
蒲公英:甘,微苦,寒。具有清热解毒,消肿散结的功效。用于上呼吸道感染,眼结膜炎,流行性腮腺炎,高血糖,乳痈肿痛,胃炎,痢疾,肝炎,胆襄炎,急性阑尾炎,泌尿系感染,盆腔炎,痈疖疔疮,咽炎,治急性乳腺炎,淋巴腺炎,瘰疠,疔毒疮肿,急性结膜炎,感冒发热,急性扁桃体炎,急性支气管炎、尿路感染。
路路通:苦,平。归肝、肾经。具有祛风活络,利水通经的功效。用于关节痹痛,麻木拘挛,水肿胀满,乳少经闭。
炒王不留行:苦,平。归肝,胃经。具有活血通经,下乳消痈,利尿通淋的功效。用于血瘀经闭,痛经,难产;产后乳汁不下,乳痈肿痛;热淋,血淋,石淋。
皂角刺:温,辛。归肝、肺经。具有消毒透脓,搜风,杀虫的功效。用于痈疽肿毒、瘰疬、疮疹顽癣、产后缺乳、胎衣不下、疠风。
黄芩:味苦,性寒。归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。具有清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎,降血压的功效。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
北柴胡:苦、辛,微寒。归肝、胆经。具有透表泄热,疏肝解郁,升举阳气的功效。用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾,肝郁气滞,胸肋胀痛,脱肛,子宫脱落,月经不调。
醋青皮:苦辛、温。入肝、胆、胃经。具有疏肝破气、消积化滞的功效,用于胸胁胀痛、疝气、乳核、乳痈、疝气疼痛;食积气滞之胃脘胀痛。
赤芍:苦、微寒。归肝经。具有清热凉血、散瘀止痛的功效,用于温毒发斑、吐血衄血、目赤肿痛、肝郁胁痛、经闭痛经、症瘕腹痛、跌扑损伤、痈肿疮疡。
在使用上述药物时,既可以采用以相当于所述重量配比的药物为原料分别净选,干燥、粉碎、混合得到符合制剂要求粒度的颗粒或粉末直接服用。也可以采用以相当于所述重量配比关系的药物为原料经过适当处理后添加药用辅料,根据需要将其制成各种制剂。由上述原料药制备成制剂的过程中,上述原料药可以采用如下方法进行处理:分别加水或不同浓度的乙醇提取,提取液浓缩干燥得粗提物;或进一步采用醇沉法、水返溶法、有机溶剂萃取法、絮凝沉淀法、柱层析法的一种或几种联合使用进行适当精制后得精提物;在对上述有效药用成分进行提取时可采用的具体操作和/或使用方法,既可以是以所述的各比例量的药物成分为原料,分别提取其有效药用成分后再混合的方式,也可以采用按所说比例量的各药物原料混合后再共同提取的方式。采用不同的提取手段、设备及提取时所需的理想或最佳的提取温度、溶剂用量、提取时间、提取次数等具体条件,则可根据实际情况通过试验被筛选和找到。
本发明中药组合物的制备方法为:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加水或50-95%乙醇提取,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入或不加辅料按常规工艺制成药剂学上可接受的制剂。
本发明中药组合物的制备方法也可以为:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加6-10倍量水提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩,加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到40-80%,静置12-48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入或不加辅料按常规工艺制成药剂学上可接受的制剂。
制得的膏粉提取物可以直接入药服用或加入药剂学上可接受的辅料按常规工艺制备成所需制剂。如可以制成常用的片剂(分散片、泡腾片、口腔崩解片、含片、咀嚼片、泡腾片)、胶囊剂(硬胶囊、软胶囊剂)、颗粒剂、丸剂(滴丸剂、蜜丸剂、水蜜丸、浓缩丸)、散剂、袋装茶剂等固体制剂形式的口服药物,也可以制成糖浆、口服液等液体制剂形式的口服药物。因此,该药物组合物中除了该中药组合物的提取物外,还可以含有药学上可以接受的辅料。
这里所述的辅料,可以根据不同的制剂有所不同,如在片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂等固体制剂中常用的稀释剂、崩解剂、赋形剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、表面活性剂、填充剂等;在糖浆、口服液等液体制剂形式中常用的表面活性剂、稀释剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、矫味剂、增稠剂、助流剂等。
其常用辅料如淀粉、乳糖、糊精、糖粉、微晶纤维素、甘露醇、木糖醇、聚乙二醇、硫酸钙、磷酸氢钙、碳酸钙、改良淀粉、山梨醇、聚乙烯吡咯酮、重质碳酸镁、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羧甲淀粉钠、羟丙基纤维素、聚维酮K30、白陶土、预胶化淀粉、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、微粉硅胶、甜叶菊苷、甜菜碱、阿司帕坦、甘草甜素、糖精钠、枸橼酸、山梨酸、山梨酸钾、羟苯乙酯、蔗糖、淀粉浆、糖浆、瓜尔豆胶、甜菊甙、海藻酸钠、麦芽糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸、三氯蔗糖、薄荷脑、咖啡粉、单甘脂、十二烷基硫酸镁、倍他环糊精等。
本发明中药组合物的颗粒剂的制备方法为:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加6-10倍量水提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩干燥或浓缩液加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到40-80%,静置12-48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,制粒,干燥,整粒,即得颗粒剂。
根据上述内容,在不脱离本发明基本技术思想前提下,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,显然还可以作出其他多种形式的修改、替换和变更。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1
称取瓜蒌7.5g、甘草5g、蒲公英15g、路路通5g、炒王不留行5g、皂角刺5g、黄芩5g、北柴胡7.5g、醋青皮6g、赤芍15g,混合后,加8倍量水提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩,浓缩液加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到75%,静置24小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量淀粉、甘露醇,制粒,干燥,整粒,即得颗粒剂。
实施例2
称取瓜蒌7.5g、甘草5g、蒲公英15g、路路通5g、炒王不留行5g、皂角刺5g、黄芩5g、北柴胡7.5g、醋青皮6g、赤芍15g,混合后,加8倍量水提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩干燥,加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到40%,静置12小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量赋形剂、填充剂,混匀,制粒,干燥,加入润滑剂,混匀,压片,包衣或不包衣,即得片剂。
实施例3
称取瓜蒌1g、甘草10g、蒲公英5g、路路通15g、炒王不留行10g、皂角刺15g、黄芩2g、北柴胡12g、醋青皮2g、赤芍25g,混合后,加6倍量水提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩,浓缩液加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到80%,静置48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,制粒,干燥,整粒,装胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
实施例4
称取瓜蒌2g、甘草15g、蒲公英10g、路路通1g、炒王不留行15g、皂角刺10g、黄芩1g、北柴胡2g、醋青皮15g、赤芍5g,混合后,加7倍量水提取3次,每次1小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,混匀,制得散剂。
实施例5
称取瓜蒌15g、甘草1g、蒲公英25g、路路通10g、炒王不留行1g、皂角刺2g、黄芩10g、北柴胡1g、醋青皮1g、赤芍10g,混合后,加9倍量水提取1次,提取3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,混匀,制得丸剂。
实施例6
称取瓜蒌12g、甘草2g、蒲公英20g、路路通2g、炒王不留行7g、皂角刺1g、黄芩8g、北柴胡15g、醋青皮10g、赤芍20g,混合后,加6倍量50%乙醇提取3次,每次1小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量赋形剂、填充剂,混匀,制粒,干燥,加入润滑剂,混匀,压片,包衣或不包衣,即得片剂。
实施例7
称取瓜蒌4g、甘草7g、蒲公英15g、路路通7g、炒王不留行2g、皂角刺8g、黄芩15g、北柴胡10g、醋青皮8g、赤芍5g,混合后,加10倍量水提取2次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩,加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到60%,静置36小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩,加水适量,搅匀,冷藏48小时,滤过,滤液加入适量的混悬剂、调味剂、防腐剂,混匀,加水定容,滤过,分装,即得口服液体制剂。
实施例8
称取瓜蒌10g、甘草9g、蒲公英5g、路路通10g、炒王不留行2g、皂角刺6g、黄芩12g、北柴胡1g、醋青皮12g、赤芍8g,混合后,加10倍量水提取1次,提取3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,制粒,干燥,整粒,即得颗粒剂。
实施例9
称取瓜蒌3g、甘草3g、蒲公英7g、路路通9g、炒王不留行4g、皂角刺2g、黄芩4g、北柴胡3g、醋青皮5g、赤芍18g,混合后,加8倍量95%乙醇提取2次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量赋形剂、填充剂,混匀,制粒,干燥,加入润滑剂,混匀,制得散剂。
实施例10
称取瓜蒌1g、甘草12g、蒲公英18g、路路通4g、炒王不留行12g、皂角刺4g、黄芩10g、北柴胡15g、醋青皮5g、赤芍10g,混合后,加10倍量75%乙醇提取1次,提取3小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,混匀,制得丸剂。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述组合物的有益效果:
临床疗效试验
1、一般性资料:以2016年7月至2017年2月到乳腺科门诊就诊,符合哺乳期急性乳腺炎初期的诊断标准,年龄在18周岁以上,病程在七天以内,未成脓、未经过其他方法治疗过的患者;体温高于37.5℃,低于40℃;其中自愿加入本试验的患者共60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组患者为30例。
2、诊断标准
参照《外科学》第7版,国家中医药管理局发布的《中医病证诊断疗效标准》,《临床疾病诊断治愈好转标准》,《中医外科学》等教材制定。
2.1西医标准
①患者自述乳房胀痛,哺乳时疼痛加剧,可伴高热寒战等。
②检查患侧乳房红肿、发热、触痛,局部有硬结、包块(条索状),患侧可有腋下淋巴结肿大。
③辅助检查:白细胞总数及中性粒细胞升高。
2.2中医标准
临床症状:①初起乳汁排出不畅,乳内胀痛难忍,有结块,皮色不红或微红,全身多伴有恶寒发热,头痛,食欲不振,大便干结等症。②乳头皲裂感染邪毒,乳汁排出不畅,乳内胀痛难忍,皮色不红或微红,全身多伴有恶寒发热,头痛,食欲不振,大便干结等症。
凡具备以上两项之一即可诊断。中医辨证:本项目主要针对乳痈初期,以乳汁分泌不畅,乳房肿胀疼痛,结块或有或无,皮色不红或微红,皮温不高或微高,或有形寒身热,舌质淡红或红,苔薄白或薄黄,脉弦为主证。
3、治疗方法
对照组患者给予以中药外敷、中医手法排乳;治疗组患者在中药外敷、中医手法排乳的基础上,内服本实施例1的颗粒剂,每日2次,每次1袋。治疗周期为5天。试验期间禁止加用一切与试验药物效用相同的中药及影响本药安全性评价的药物。若需合并使用,则应作为剔除病例处理。
①中医手法排乳:在温度适宜的房间,注意私密性,选用刺激性较小的推拿介质(石蜡油或乳汁)。取仰卧位,治疗人员先在患部周围进行轻柔按摩,揉法操作5分钟。再用双手四指托住乳房,拇指在肿块上交替揉推数次,方向从肿块下部开始沿乳管方向至到乳头部位抹推,推行至乳晕部位,轻压刺激乳晕局部,根据患者忍受程度,渐渐增强捏拿的力量,如此捏拿数遍。
②中药外敷:金黄散外敷,来源于《外科正宗》。由大黄、黄柏、姜黄、白芷、厚朴、天花粉、生天南星、生苍术、陈皮、甘草组成。用法:上述药物研粉,用冷水调成糊状,外敷患处,每次15-20分钟。
4、观察指标
4.1主要疗效指标
①体温:患者填写体温日志卡,每4小时测量体温,观察治疗前、治疗后5天体温变化。
②乳房疼痛:采用视觉模拟评分法(Visual analogue scale,VAS)患者根据自己的痛觉对照“标尺”上分级程度的数字用笔圈出自己疼痛程度。0级:无痛;l~3级:轻微隐痛、触痛;4~6级:疼痛较重,胀痛、钝痛或窜痛,尚能忍受;7~10级:痛甚,坠痛或刺痛不能近衣。
③红肿范围:对比治疗前后的肿块大小进行评价。小于40%为无效,小于70%为有效,小于90%为显效,大于90%为痊愈。
④中医症候:乳汁排泄不通畅或淤积结块,肿胀疼痛,恶寒发热,头痛或身痛,口渴,便秘等,每天观察其变化。观察舌苔、舌质、脉象、脉搏、体温、皮肤色泽及温度、指压疼痛等的变化情况。
中医单项症状计分标准
4.2次要疗效指标
①血常规:治疗前、治疗后5d分别进行血常规检查(血白细胞记数)。
②乳腺彩超:治疗前、治疗后5d分别行乳腺彩超检查,提供影像学资料。
4.3治疗满意度
治疗5天后,由患者填写治疗满意度调查表,观察两组治疗满意度。
4.4观察时点
①体温:患者填写体温日志卡,每4小时测量一次体温。
②疼痛、红肿范围及中医症候:每日观察一次,共5次。
③血常规、彩超:治疗前及治疗5天后各观察一次,共2次。
4.5周期随访
治疗结束后1个月随访,了解急性乳腺炎再发病等预后情况。
4.6安全性指标
①所有发生的不良事件(包括症状、体征等);
②一般体格检查(身高、体重、体温、血压、心率、脉搏);
③必要时行实验室检查:尿常规、便常规、心电图、肝肾功能;
④药物既往研究中观察到的不良事件。
观察患者服药后新出现的体征和症状,判断新出现的症状与服用药物有无相关性。当患者出现不良反应时,研究者应立即根据所出现的症状给予对症处理,并在处理后定期随访,以保证患者安全。
5、疗效判定标准
参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中所制定的急性乳腺炎的症状、体征程度分级,采用中医单项症状计分标准将病情定量化。治疗前计分越高,病情越重;治疗后计分越低,疗效越好。
临床疗效判定
(1)治愈:症状消失,肿块消散,排乳正常。
(2)显效:60%≤症状、体征积分减少<90%,肿块消散≥60%,排乳基本通畅。
(3)有效:30%≤症状、体征积分减少<60%,肿块消散≥30%,排乳部分通畅。
(4)无效:症状、体征积分减少≤30%,肿块不消、疼痛加重,反复“传囊”或已化脓者。
注:计算公式(尼莫地平法)为:[(治疗前积分-治疗后积分)÷治疗前积分]×100%。
6、统计学处理
使用SPSS21.0软件,计量资料采用均数加减标准差进行描述性分析;对两组数据进行比较采用T检验。计数资料采用百分比进行描述性统计分析;对两组数据进行比较采用卡方检验或秩和检验。P为双侧检验,P<0.05为有显著性差异,P<0.01为有极显著差异。
7、治疗结果
本次临床疗效试验纳入符合标准的病例60人,剔除因各种原因未按规定完成治疗的2人,余58人分为对照组和治疗组进行治疗,观察5天后临床疗效。治疗组痊愈26例,显效2例,有效1例,总有效率100%;对照组痊愈18例,显效7例,有效3例,无效1例,总有效率96.55%。结果表明:1)治疗组、对照组两组患者治疗后对退热时间、疼痛减轻、肿块消散、中医症状均有明显改善,且治疗组的效果优于对照组,尤其在降低退热时间方面;2)芍药瓜蒌甘草汤可降低患者血清白细胞和中性粒细胞水平;3)芍药瓜蒌甘草汤对于改善乳痈初期肝郁胃热证有显著效果;4)在整个治疗周期中,尚未有患者发生不良事件。
本发明实施例2-10均按照上述方法进行了相似的试验,结果与上述结果相同。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗急性乳腺炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,由如下中药原料药制备而成:瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份的原料药制成:瓜蒌1-15份、甘草1-15份、蒲公英5-25份、路路通1-15份、炒王不留行1-15份、皂角刺1-15份、黄芩1-15份、北柴胡1-15份、醋青皮1-15份、赤芍5-25份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份的原料药制成:瓜蒌2-12份、甘草2-10份、蒲公英10-20份、路路通2-10份、炒王不留行2-10份、皂角刺2-10份、黄芩2-10份、北柴胡2-12份、醋青皮2-10份、赤芍10-20份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份的原料药制成:瓜蒌7.5份、甘草5份、蒲公英15份、路路通5份、炒王不留行5份、皂角刺5份、黄芩5份、北柴胡7.5份、醋青皮6份、赤芍15份。
5.权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,它是这样制备的:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加水或50-95%乙醇提取,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入或不加辅料按常规工艺制成药剂学上可接受的制剂。
6.权利要求5所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,它是这样制备的:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加6-10倍量水提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩,加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到40-80%,静置12-48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入或不加辅料按常规工艺制成药剂学上可接受的制剂。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制剂是指片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、口服液体制剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制剂是指颗粒剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,颗粒剂是这样制备的:
称取各原料药瓜蒌、甘草、蒲公英、路路通、炒王不留行、皂角刺、黄芩、北柴胡、醋青皮、赤芍混合后,加6-10倍量水提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,合并提取液,滤过,浓缩干燥或浓缩液,加入乙醇,使醇浓度达到40-80%,静置12-48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,浓缩至清膏,干燥,粉碎成膏粉;加入适量辅料,制粒,干燥,整粒,即得颗粒剂。
10.权利要求1-4任意一项所述的中药组合物或权利要求6或8或9所述的制备方法在治疗急性乳腺炎中的应用。
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