CN104491384A - 一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法，由生地、沙参、麦冬、桑白皮、桔梗、甘草、天花粉配伍组合而成，对清热解毒，祛痰排脓，利咽，祛寒热，清肺止咳，抗真菌，标本兼治治疗慢性咽炎有切实疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由中草药为原料药的中药组合物及其制备方法，具体的说是涉及一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
慢性单纯性咽炎又称慢性咽炎，较多见。病变主要在黏膜层，表现为咽部黏膜慢性充血，其血管周围有较多淋巴细胞浸润，也可见白细胞及浆细胞浸润。黏膜及黏膜下结缔组织增生。黏液腺可肥大，分泌功能亢进，黏液分泌增多。多见成年人，病程长，易复发。慢性咽炎以局部症状为主，各型慢性咽炎症状大致相似，且多种多样，如咽部不适感、异物感、痒感、灼热感、干燥感或刺激感，还可由微痛等。主要由其分泌物及肥大的淋巴滤泡刺激所致。伴有咳嗽、伴恶心。慢性咽炎是一种长期反复发作的疾病，临床上西医治疗慢性咽炎的方法主要是通过消炎药物，配以抗生素等进行治疗，只能短暂消除病症，并不能根治，而且长期服用西药、抗生素类药物，会对身体产生较大的副作用。
发明内容
本发明从临床医疗用药需求及中医组方辩证原则出发，提出一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法。它是由以下重量份数配比的原料药制备而成的药剂：生地3-13g、沙参3-13g、麦冬3-13g、桑白皮3-13g、桔梗3-9g、甘草2-6g、天花粉3-13g。优选配比为：生地10g、沙参10g、麦冬10g、桑白皮10g、桔梗6g、甘草3g、天花粉10g。所述药剂为汤剂、口服液、胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
所述胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂的制备方法步骤如下：
（1）取方中生地、沙参、麦冬、桑白皮、桔梗、甘草、天花粉粉碎筛析；
（2）将步骤（1）中筛制的混合物加水煎煮2-3次，合并煎液、过滤，将虑液浓缩成70-80度时，胶囊、丸剂相对密度为1.0-1.6的稠膏，片剂相对密度为1.0-1.4的稠膏；
（3）制作胶囊、丸剂时：
将稠膏分离纯化、干燥，制成干颗粒；将步骤干颗粒混合均匀，填充胶囊内即制成胶囊；将干颗粒喷加炼蜜、混合均匀，制成小丸即制成丸剂；
制作片剂时：
将2-4份淀粉与步骤（2）中的稠膏混合均匀，制成颗粒、干燥，制成干颗粒，将干颗粒压制成片剂，包糖衣，即制成片剂。
步骤（2）中所述的混合物，加水煎煮的优选次数为2次，第一次为60-80分钟，第二次为40-60分钟。
本发明药物原料药的药理如下：
生地：具有清热凉血功效用于温热病热入营血，壮热神昏，口干舌绛，可用于治温热病热入营血，血热毒盛，吐血衄血，斑疹紫黑；现代医学证实，地黄有止血、抗凝血作用，还具有抗真菌作用，地黄水浸剂对须疮癣菌、石膏样小芽胞癣菌、羊毛状小芽胞癣菌及奥杜盎小芽胞癣菌等多种真菌的生长有抑制作用；还具有对抗地塞米松对垂体-肾上腺皮质系统的抑制作用，并能促进肾上腺皮质激素的合成；
沙参：有滋补、祛寒热、清肺止咳的功效；
麦冬：养阴生津，润肺清心，用于肺燥干咳，阴虚痨嗽，喉痹咽痛，津伤口渴，内热消渴，心烦失眠，肠燥便秘；
桑白皮：主治泻肺平喘,利水消肿，用于肺热咳喘,面目浮肿,小便不利等症。现代医学证实桑白皮有抗炎、抗菌、利尿、降压、抑制血小板聚集的作用；
桔梗：宣肺，利咽，祛痰，排脓，用于咳嗽痰多，胸闷不畅，咽痛，音哑，肺痈吐脓，疮疡脓成不溃；
甘草：具有清热解毒、祛痰止咳的功效；
天花粉：具有清热泻火，生津止渴，排脓消肿的功效。
本发明以生地、桑白皮、天花粉、沙参、麦冬，治温热病热入营血，血热毒盛，抗真菌、止血、抗凝血，祛寒热、清肺止咳，润肺清心，治疗慢性咽炎；以桔梗，使以甘草，宣肺，利咽，祛痰，排脓，清热解毒，祛痰止咳。本发明所述的药物承中医之精髓、严谨组方，补破结合、相得益彰，符合中医用药规律和辨证施治的原则。
有益效果
经过多年的临床试验和使用，本发明中药组合物对清热解毒，祛痰排脓，利咽，祛寒热，清肺止咳，抗真菌，标本兼治治疗慢性咽炎有切实疗效。
临床实验：
1、 选择病例
2013-2014年9月临床慢性咽炎患者121例；
2、 诊断标准
咽部黏膜慢性充血，其血管周围有较多淋巴细胞浸润，可见白细胞及浆细胞浸润；
黏膜及黏膜下结缔组织增生，黏液腺肥大，分泌功能亢进，黏液分泌增多；
咽部不适感、异物感、痒感、灼热感、干燥感、微痛、有刺激感，伴有咳嗽、恶心；
3、 治疗方案
服用本发明药物汤剂3个疗程，5天为一个疗程，每天一剂，煎服3次，早中晚各一次；
4、 疗效评价标准
治愈：咽部不适感、异物感、痒感、灼热感、干燥感、微痛、刺激感，咳嗽、恶心症状消失，咽部粘膜无充血，淋巴组织恢复正常，黏液分泌正常，滤泡消失；
有效：不适感、异物感、痒感、灼热感、干燥感、微痛、刺激感减缓，咽部粘膜充血减轻，淋巴组织增生减轻，滤泡数目减少；
无效：症状及体征无变化；
总有效率=治愈率+有效率。
5、 数据统计
| 病例数 | 治愈 | 有效 | 无效 | 治愈率 | 总有效率 |
| 121 | 87 | 29 | 5 | 71.90% | 95.87% |
6、 急毒性试验：较大剂量和较长疗程服用对大鼠的生长无显著毒性，对大鼠的脑、心、肝、肾等切片形态学检查未见明显毒性损伤改变，试验显示，本药物毒性甚小。
7、 结论
121例临床病例，治愈87例，治愈率71.90%；有效29例，5例无效，总有效率达到95.87%。说明本药物对治疗慢性咽炎成效显著。本发明中药组合物对清热解毒，祛痰排脓，利咽，祛寒热，清肺止咳，抗真菌，标本兼治治疗慢性咽炎成效显著，且毒副作用小。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法。它是由以下重量份数配比的原料药制备而成的药剂：生地3-13g、沙参3-13g、麦冬3-13g、桑白皮3-13g、桔梗3-9g、甘草2-6g、天花粉3-13g。所述药剂为胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
按照下述重量份数配比称取原料药：
生地3-13g、沙参3-13g、麦冬3-13g、桑白皮3-13g、桔梗3-9g、甘草2-6g、天花粉3-13g。
所述胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂的制备方法步骤如下：
（1）取方中生地、沙参、麦冬、桑白皮、桔梗、甘草、天花粉粉碎筛析；
（2）将步骤（1）中筛制的混合物加水煎煮2-3次，合并煎液、过滤，将虑液浓缩成70-80度时，胶囊、丸剂相对密度为1.0-1.6的稠膏，片剂相对密度为1.0-1.4的稠膏；
（3）制作胶囊、丸剂时：
将稠膏分离纯化、干燥，制成干颗粒；将步骤干颗粒混合均匀，填充胶囊内即制成胶囊；将干颗粒喷加炼蜜、混合均匀，制成小丸即制成丸剂；
制作片剂时：
将2-4份淀粉与步骤（2）中的稠膏混合均匀，制成颗粒、干燥，制成干颗粒，将干颗粒压制成片剂，包糖衣，即制成片剂。
步骤（2）中所述的混合物，加水煎煮的优选次数为2次，第一次为60-80分钟，第二次为40-60分钟。
实施例2：一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物及其制备方法。它是由以下重量份数配比的原料药制备而成的药剂：生地10g、沙参10g、麦冬10g、桑白皮10g、桔梗6g、甘草3g、天花粉10g。所述药剂为胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
按照下述重量份数配比称取原料药：
生地10g、沙参10g、麦冬10g、桑白皮10g、桔梗6g、甘草3g、天花粉10g。
所述胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂的制备方法步骤如下：
（1）取方中生地、沙参、麦冬、桑白皮、桔梗、甘草、天花粉粉碎筛析；
（2）将步骤（1）中筛制的混合物加水煎煮2-3次，合并煎液、过滤，将虑液浓缩成70-80度时，胶囊、丸剂相对密度为1.0-1.6的稠膏，片剂相对密度为1.0-1.4的稠膏；
（3）制作胶囊、丸剂时：
将稠膏分离纯化、干燥，制成干颗粒；将步骤干颗粒混合均匀，填充胶囊内即制成胶囊；将干颗粒喷加炼蜜、混合均匀，制成小丸即制成丸剂；
制作片剂时：
将2-4份淀粉与步骤（2）中的稠膏混合均匀，制成颗粒、干燥，制成干颗粒，将干颗粒压制成片剂，包糖衣，即制成片剂。
步骤（2）中所述的混合物，加水煎煮的优选次数为2次，第一次为60-80分钟，第二次为40-60分钟。
实施例3：本发明药物还可以为汤剂、口服液、颗粒剂等。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗慢性咽炎的药物，其特征在于它是由以下重量份数配比的原料药制备而成的药剂：生地3-13g、沙参3-13g、麦冬3-13g、桑白皮3-13g、桔梗3-9g、甘草2-6g、天花粉3-13g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗慢性咽炎的药物，其特征在于它是由以下重量份数配比的原料药制备而成的药剂：生地10g、沙参10g、麦冬10g、桑白皮10g、桔梗6g、甘草3g、天花粉10g。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗慢性咽炎的药物，其特征在于：所述药剂为汤剂、口服液、胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗慢性咽炎的药物，其特征在于：所述胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂的制备方法步骤如下：
（1）取方中生地、沙参、麦冬、桑白皮、桔梗、甘草、天花粉粉碎筛析；
（2）将步骤（1）中筛制的混合物加水煎煮2-3次，合并煎液、过滤，将虑液浓缩成70-80度时，胶囊、丸剂相对密度为1.0-1.6的稠膏，片剂相对密度为1.0-1.4的稠膏；
（3）制作胶囊、丸剂时：
将稠膏分离纯化、干燥，制成干颗粒；将步骤干颗粒混合均匀，填充胶囊内即制成胶囊；将干颗粒喷加炼蜜、混合均匀，制成小丸即制成丸剂；
制作片剂时：
将2-4份淀粉与步骤（2）中的稠膏混合均匀，制成颗粒、干燥，制成干颗粒，将干颗粒压制成片剂，包糖衣，即制成片剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗慢性咽炎的药物的制备方法，其特征在于步骤（2）中所述的混合物，加水煎煮的次数为2次，第一次为60-80分钟，第二次为40-60分钟。
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