CN108740798B - 一种具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片制备方法,其包括玉米须30‑50份,绿茶10‑30份,大豆10‑30份,将玉米须与绿茶、发芽大豆粉混合,充分发挥三者活性特点,制备成无糖、高蛋白、茶清香、可调节肠道菌群的咀嚼片,形成具有调节肠道菌群,促进植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌等有益菌群显著增殖,抑制大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等有害菌生长,改善肠道微生态环境的功能,具有天然活性成分,易于吸收,而且本发明的咀嚼片易于吞服,表面积大,可促进其中的活性成分在体内的溶解、吸收。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能食品技术领域,具体涉及一种调节肠道菌群,改善胃肠道功能的复合玉米须咀嚼片。
背景技术
咀嚼片,是一类可在口腔内嚼碎后咽下的片剂,大小与普通片剂相同,可根据需要制成不同形状的异形片,因此咀嚼片已成为一种功能性休闲食品,但是常见的咀嚼片主要是集中的减肥、补钙、降血脂、抗衰老以及明目等功能上。
玉米须是禾本科植物玉米(Zea mays s L.)的花柱和柱头,在我国是传统的药食两用植物,长期用于茶饮及药膳中。玉米须含有丰富的黄酮、多酚、生物碱、皂甙、类固醇、甾醇、维生素等成分,具有抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗抑郁、提高免疫力、降血压、降血糖、降血脂等活性,是一种潜在的具有天然活性功效的植物资源。玉米是我国乃至全球主要粮食作物之一,广泛种植于我国西北和东北地区,占我国谷物产量20%以上,其中玉米须年产量2400吨左右。除少量入药外,大部分玉米须被丢弃浪费,随着对玉米须活性成分研究的不断深入,玉米须综合开发利用已备受关注。市面上现存的玉米须产品主要是其提取物或浸泡制得的饮品,有效成分太少或种类单一,玉米须活性成分没有达到全部充分利用,此外我国目前以玉米须全粉为原料的咀嚼片研究较少。
茶叶,茶叶作为中国符号之一,历经千年发展积淀,已渗透到我们生产、生活的各个领域。其含有多酚、多糖、生物碱、氨基酸等多种生物活性物质。联合国粮农组织(FAO)在抗癌、心血管病、口腔疾病等方面进行茶叶与人体健康的研究,提出茶叶是一种广谱的对多种人体常见疾病具有显著预防效果的保健食品。但目前就其研究利用,也仅集中于某种或某些活性成分的开发利用。
大豆,又叫黄豆,是一年生草本植物,在我国种植历史悠久,分布广泛,品种多样。大豆中营养成分和多种生物活性物质都极其丰富,含有约40%的蛋白质以及20%的脂肪;是植物蛋白中的领导者,属于高质量蛋白质,其氨基酸组成与牛奶蛋白相近,具有生理效价高的优点,能够降血脂、降胆固醇、抗衰老、软化血管和促进脑细胞分生等保健功效。
肠道中栖息着大约1014个细菌,它们以宿主摄取的食物及消化道分泌物为营养,与机体健康密不可分。在正常状态下,肠道菌群的组成、种类较为稳定。但在某些情况下,可能出现肠道菌群失衡,肠内致病菌数量增加,有益菌减少,进而引发或加重机体各种疾病发生。因此,本发明提出了一种利用天然活性成分调节肠道菌群的功能性咀嚼片。
发明内容
为了进一步完善咀嚼片的功效,本发明提供了一种将玉米须与绿茶以及发芽大豆复合制成具有调节肠道菌群的咀嚼片。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片,该咀嚼片包括以下质量份的组分:
玉米须 30-50份
绿茶 10-30份
大豆 10-30份。
进一步限定,所述咀嚼片还包括粘合剂,粘合剂是浓度为5%的聚维酮或甘露醇或黄原胶或明胶或甲基纤维素。
进一步限定,所述所述咀嚼片还包括硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂。
进一步限定,所述玉米须的含量是40-45份,绿茶15-25份,大豆15-25份。
进一步限定,所述大豆是发芽大豆。
进一步限定,所述绿茶与发芽大豆的质量比为1:1。
上述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片的制备方法,将绿茶和大豆制粉,按照配方量取适量的玉米须全粉与绿茶粉、大豆粉混匀,加入粘合剂,混匀,用50~70%的乙醇水溶液作为润湿剂制软材,40~50℃干燥,整粒,过20目筛,加入硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,进行湿法混合压片。
进一步限定,所述大豆为发芽大豆。
进一步限定,所述发芽大豆与绿茶的质量比为1:1。
上述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片在肠道菌群调节方面的应用。
本发明的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片制备方法,主要是将玉米须与绿茶、发芽大豆粉混合,充分发挥三者活性特点,制备成无糖、高蛋白、茶清香、可调节肠道菌群的咀嚼片,形成具有调节肠道菌群,促进植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌等有益菌群显著增殖,抑制大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等有害菌生长,改善肠道微生态环境的功能,即本发明不仅发挥了玉米须含有丰富的黄酮、多酚、生物碱、皂甙、类固醇、甾醇、维生素等成分,具有抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗抑郁、提高免疫力、降血压、降血糖、降血脂等功能的优势,同时,玉米须和绿茶、发芽大豆在融合后三者活性协同增效,能够调节肠道菌群,改善肠道微生态环境的功能,此外,本发明的活性成分均选自天然植物资源,是一种具有天然活性成分,易于吸收,而且本发明的咀嚼片易于吞服,表面积大,可促进其中的活性成分在体内的溶解、吸收。
附图说明
图1为玉米须咀嚼片外观。
图2为玉米须咀嚼片对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用。
图3为玉米须咀嚼片对金黄色葡萄球的抑菌作用。
具体实施方式
现结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进行进一步说明。
本发明的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片是通过以下方法制成:
将玉米须、绿茶和发芽大豆用超微粉碎法制粉,按照配方量取玉米须全粉与绿茶粉、发芽大豆粉混匀,加入粘合剂,混匀,用乙醇水溶液作为润湿剂制软材,干燥,整粒,过20目筛,加入硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,进行湿法混合压片。
表1为各实施例制备复方玉米须咀嚼片的工艺条件
为了验证本发明的玉米须咀嚼片具有调整肠道菌群的作用,发明人做了大量的实验进行验证,现以下述实验为例进行说明。
1、玉米须用量对咀嚼片的影响
适量的玉米须粉与配比为1:1的绿茶粉、黄豆粉混合均匀,加入占5%聚维酮水溶液10%,混合均匀,用70%乙醇水溶液作为润湿剂制软材,干燥(45℃),整粒,过20目筛,加入占总颗粒重1%的硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,进行混合压片。选用组织状态、色泽、口感、质地及硬度这5个指标为感官评分标准,以其选出最佳玉米须用量,结果参见图1和表2。
表2为玉米须添加量对咀嚼片的影响
结合图1和表2可以看出,当玉米须用量较小时,咀嚼片的组织状态较差、颜色偏浅、稍有糊口感且质地较均匀,综合感官评分较低;当玉米须用量较大时,咀嚼片表面粗糙、颜色过深、结构松软、难以成型,综合感官评分也偏低;而当玉米须用量为中间值40-45%时,咀嚼片表面光洁圆整、颜色适中、口感良好,故选用30-50%为最佳玉米须用量。
2、玉米须咀嚼片对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用
利用抑菌圈法分析抑菌作用。在无菌操作台中,用已灭菌的钢管在试验平板上打孔,用无菌牙签小心挑去培养基小块使其呈现圆孔,在酒精灯下每个小孔烤10秒左右进行火焰封底。用移液枪吸取玉米须咀嚼片悬浮液,滴入平板圆孔中。分别取100μL活化后的大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌菌液,用以平板涂布。将平板放置在在4℃条件下预扩散2h,之后于37℃下恒温培养24h,到培养时间后取出,用游标卡尺测量抑菌圈直径,其直径包括小孔直径,每个抑菌圈用十字交叉法测量2次,取其平均值,并记录数据。以无菌水替代玉米须咀嚼片悬浮液作为空白对照,平行试验三次,结果参见表3。其抑菌率的计算公式为:
抑菌率(%)=(处理样品抑菌圈直径-空白样品抑菌圈直径)/处理样品抑菌圈直径×100%
表3玉米须咀嚼片对为大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈
由图2和表3可知,玉米须咀嚼片对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑制作用,并且玉米须咀嚼片对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用更明显。
3、玉米须咀嚼片对植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌的益生作用
使用浇注平板培养法分析益生作用。分别用移液枪吸取1mL玻璃试管中的植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌菌液于培养皿中,再吸取1mL玉米须咀嚼片悬浮液于培养皿中,尽快向培养皿中倒入融化后冷却至45摄氏度左右的MRS培养基,放置于水平位置迅速转动培养皿,使培养基与菌液混合均匀,而又不会让培养基荡出培养皿或溅到培养皿盖上。待培养基凝固后,将平板倒置于37℃恒温培养箱中48h。以无菌水替代玉米须咀嚼片悬浮液作为空白对照,平行试验三次。培养48h后,取出培养皿,计算平板上的菌落平均数,结果参见表4。
表4玉米须咀嚼片对植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌的益生作用
由表4可知,玉米须咀嚼片可促进植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌生长,具有一定的益生作用,且对植物乳杆菌增殖作用明显。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片,其特征在于该咀嚼片包括以下质量份的组分:
玉米须30-50份
绿茶10-30份
大豆10-30份;
所述咀嚼片还包括粘合剂,粘合剂是浓度为5%的聚维酮或甘露醇或黄原胶或明胶或甲基纤维素;
所述咀嚼片还包括硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂;
所述大豆是发芽大豆;
所述绿茶与发芽大豆的质量比为1:1;
将绿茶和大豆制粉,按照配方量取适量的玉米须全粉与绿茶粉、大豆粉混匀,加入粘合剂,混匀,用50~70%的乙醇水溶液作为润湿剂制软材,40~50℃干燥,整粒,过20目筛,加入硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,进行湿法混合压片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片,其特征在于:所述玉米须的含量是40-45份,绿茶15-25份,大豆15-25份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片,其特征在于:所述大豆为发芽大豆。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片,其特征在于:所述发芽大豆与绿茶的质量比为1:1。
5.权利要求1所述的具有调节肠道菌群的复方玉米须咀嚼片在肠道菌群调节方面的应用。
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