CN108739677A - Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method - Google Patents
Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739677A CN108739677A CN201810494475.9A CN201810494475A CN108739677A CN 108739677 A CN108739677 A CN 108739677A CN 201810494475 A CN201810494475 A CN 201810494475A CN 108739677 A CN108739677 A CN 108739677A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural methods, including：Cross summer field management reason：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm bed tempertaure in due course at 10~30 DEG C, relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, and natural porous material is coated among multilayer woven straw；Overwinter management：Late October, the bait of 30~50cm thickness is laid on earthworm bed has dug gutter after appropriateness watering, cover four layers of covering, from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, is in direct contact the bait, the second layer is the woven straw of 5~10cm thickness, third and fourth layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, keeps earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more, a floor height heat-sink shell is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film.Survival rate, disease resistance, the speed of growth, the average weight of earthworm open country cultural method provided by the present invention institute breeding earthworm all increase, and are conducive to the quality and yield that improve earthworm, and reclamation result is notable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to earthworm culture method fields.It is more particularly related to a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country
Cultural method.
Background technology
Earthworm is a kind of software succulence, protein content up to 70% mollusk, is known as " earthworm " in traditional Chinese medicine, ground
Imperial cold in nature, mildly bitter flavor, have heat-clearing arresting convulsion, dredging collateral, relieving asthma, diuresis the effect of, be traditional Chinese medicine；Except as pharmaceutical composing prescription,
It is prepared as outside Chinese patent drug, earthworm also contains abundant bioactive ingredients, extractable to develop in many ways using modern biotechnology
The drug and health products of position, and can apply in animal fodder, in animal husbandry, earthworm is applied to as organic liquid fertilizer
Agricultural planting.
It is production Gao Pin that Ningxia, which has the material of good soil conditions, air quality and abundance, these natural endowments,
The earthworm of matter creates advantageous condition.Earthworm likes detritivorous organic waste, including various feces of livestock and poultry, make wine, refine sugar,
Organic waste materials after the processing such as food, paper processed and timber.Ningxia whole district scale centralization-breeding factory 5000 or so, scale is intensive
It is up to ten million tons to change farm year excrement yield, mainly wherein in Yinchuan City, Wuzhong City and Zhongwei City.The Ningxia Helan Mountain foot of a hill or mountain
It is the whole nation maximum grape wine geography symbol product protection producing region, whole district's grape -growing areas is up to 3.6 ten thousand hm2, grape wine processing
190,000 tons of ability, generates the organic remains such as a large amount of branches, skin, seed, waste residue, can become the raising good material of earthworm.Have
The effect of protease, lipolytic enzyme, cellulase, amylase of the machine waste by the digestive system of earthworm in earthworm enteron aisle
Under transform into itself or other biological is easy to the active material utilized, such as protein, antibacterial peptide and amino acid, will not be to ring
Border generates secondary pollution.
Earthworm belongs to poikilotherm, and body temperature is changed with the variation of ambient temperature, environment temperature not only direct shadow
Body temperature and the activity of earthworm are rung, and has an effect on the intensity, and breathing, digestion, growth and development, breeding etc. of its metabolism
Physiological function.In general, the active temperature of earthworm is 5~30 DEG C, and optimum temperature is 20 DEG C or so, in such temperature
Under the conditions of, earthworm can preferably growth and development and breeding.At 20~30 DEG C, earthworm can maintain certain growth, at 32 DEG C or more,
Growth stops, movable blunt at 10 DEG C or less, at 5 DEG C or less, in a dormant state, and has apparent water chestnut contracting phenomenon, 40 DEG C with
Above, death will be led to for 0 DEG C or less.Ningxia, China summer heat, the sunshine-duration is long, and solar radiation is strong, winter severe cold, the sunshine-duration
It is short, it is typical " cold in winter and hot in summer ", July the highest temperature between 27 DEG C~41 DEG C, the wherein most highest temperature at 32 DEG C or more,
The minimum temperature that is averaged January is between -8 DEG C~-16 DEG C, in this temperature range, limits the growth of earthworm, if open country is supported
Grow, do not take any precautionary measures, it will cause earthworm dead, especially the winter most cold period lowest temperature -10 DEG C with
On, directly result in earthworm death.Based on the limitation of climate characteristic described above, seriously constrain earthworm industry Ningxia hair
Exhibition.
Therefore, a kind of technology of suitable Ningxia, China open country vermiculture is explored, is had to the development of Ningxia vermiculture industry
Important meaning lays the foundation for Ningxia vermiculture industrial specifications, scale, promotes the development of earthworm comprehensive industry to step upper new
Step.EVA refers to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the canopy film that eva film is produced has higher weather-proof, anti-droplet and guarantor
The performance of temperature, its excellent light transmission is played in vermiculture industry if can greatly utilize, and is supported for Ningxia, China earthworm open country
It grows industry and opens up new direction.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural methods, with can realizing Ningxia
Area's earthworm open country cultivation, accomplishes that earthworm crosses summer, overwintering cultivation in outdoor security, earthworm need not be moved to indoor culture i.e. by winter
Earthworm can be made overwintering in outdoor security, create breeding environment appropriate, will realize Ningxia earthworm large-scale cultivation；Secondly, this hair
The survival rate of bright provided earthworm open country cultural method institute breeding earthworm, disease resistance, the speed of growth, average weight are all
It improves, is conducive to the quality and yield that improve earthworm, reclamation result is notable.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultivation is provided
Method, including：
Cross summer field management reason：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm bed temperature in due course
Degree is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw natural
Porous material；
Overwinter management：Late October lays the bait of 30~50cm thickness on earthworm bed, after appropriateness watering, digs good draining
Ditch covers four layers of covering, and from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, is in direct contact the bait, and the second layer is 5~
The woven straw of 10cm thickness, third and fourth layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, keep earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more, third and fourth described layer
One floor height heat-sink shell is separately set between waste and old EVA canopy films.
Preferably, the Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method is further comprising the steps of：
Step 1: bait is made in fermentation raw material；The bait is built into strip after fermentation, using wide-and narrow-row method
Earthworm bed is carried out turning over throwing after 2~3d of exposure, be smashed, and earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 15~21d, is added
It adds thickness and sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 5~7d every 50~60d to the progress scarifying of earthworm bed for 10~12cm；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 18~22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature
Gloss harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 18~21d, earthworm cocoon is incubated
A point ridge is carried out after change, and 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 35~40d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, reserved part at
Earthworm does earthworm kind, remaining harvest.
Preferably, in the breeding process, when earthworm bed height is higher than 60cm, by the bait of earthworm bed surface layer 15~20cm thickness
Material is hung to both sides, and the earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then the bait hung to both sides is spread go back to original place；The earthworm dunghill of harvesting is put to one
Place's hatching recycles.
Preferably, bait described in step 1 is that 70% cow dung, 20% stalk and the mixing of 10% bean dregs are inoculum fermented
It forms, fermentation time is 25~30d, and decomposed rear pH is 6.5~7.0；The stalk includes agricultural crop straw, weeds and saw
End.
Preferably, it after earthworm bed described in step 1 is put up, sprinkling profoundly water, dries 1~2d, humidity is maintained at 60~
70%, then launch earthworm kind；The laying method of irrigation pipe described in step 1 is：Main pipeline perpendicular to the earthworm bed uses
40cmPE pipelines, the lateral for being parallel to earthworm bed extending direction use 30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm；Micro- spray
Operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa.
Preferably, nutrition aqua described in step 2 includes：The water of 500 parts of meters, 1 part of urea counted, 1 portion of food counted
The pineapples essence of vinegar, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of meters.
Preferably, described when crossing summer field management reason, 7 points and 5 hole irrigation suitable quantity of water in afternoon in the morning, reduce earthworm bed tempertaure be 20~
27 DEG C, it is 60~70% to keep earthworm bed humidity.
Preferably, when the overwinter management, early October by individual is larger harvested at earthworm after, remaining individual is smaller
At earthworm as earthworm kind overwintering, late October, lay the bait of 30~50cm thickness first in the earthworm bed built, appropriateness is watered
Afterwards, gutter has been dug, four layers of covering are covered, from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is 5~10cm thickness
Woven straw, third and fourth layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and floor height heat absorption is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film
Layer keeps earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more.
Preferably, when the overwinter management, following methods can also be used：Late October, the earthworm bed built first
It lays the bait of 30~50cm thickness and has dug gutter after appropriateness watering, cover four layers of covering, from lower to upper, first layer is
Waste and old EVA canopy films, the second layer are the woven straw of 5~10cm thickness, third and fourth layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, third and fourth described layer
One floor height heat-sink shell is separately set between waste and old EVA canopy films, is passed the winter naturally, when beginning of spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, temperature under daytime bottom film
Bottom film is opened when reaching 20 DEG C, between 10 points to 11 points of morning and is cooled down, between 3 points to 4 points of afternoon, film is covered again
Water content that is good, during which keeping earthworm bed certain；Under the bottom film temperature at 15 DEG C and it is following when, thoroughly film is opened, carry out day
Often management.
Preferably, 1~1.2m of the earthworm bedside, wide row is away from for 1.8~2m, and narrow row is away from for 0.4~0.6m；The earthworm kind
Using Eisenia Foetida category " No. 2 peaceful " kind.
Compared with existing earthworm open country cultural method, earthworm open country cultural method provided by the invention can realize that earthworm exists
Outdoor security crosses summer, overwintering cultivation, and earthworm need not be moved to facility cultivation by winter can make earthworm overwintering in outdoor security, wound
Breeding environment appropriate is made, will realize Ningxia earthworm large-scale cultivation.Earthworm open country cultural method provided by the present invention is supported
Survival rate, disease resistance, the speed of growth, the average weight for growing earthworm all increase, and are conducive to the quality and the production that improve earthworm
Amount, reclamation result are notable.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art's reference say
Bright book word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more
The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
The present invention provides a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural methods, including：
Cross summer field management reason：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm bed temperature in due course
Degree is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw natural
Porous material；Natural porous material is coated among woven straw, is on the one hand increased the gas permeability of woven straw, is on the other hand increased
The water penetration of woven straw can achieve the purpose that fast cooling, porous material itself in the summer of high temperature by pouring lesser amount of water
With certain water storage performance, to keep the humidity of earthworm bed to provide a buffer table；
Overwinter management：Late October lays the bait of 30~50cm thickness on earthworm bed, after appropriateness watering, digs good draining
Ditch covers four layers of covering, and from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, is in direct contact the bait, and the second layer is 5~
The woven straw of 10cm thickness, third and fourth layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, keep earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more, third and fourth described layer
One floor height heat-sink shell is separately set between waste and old EVA canopy films, Ningxia, China winter temperature is relatively low, two layers EVA canopy film topmost it
Between the highly endothermic layer that is separately arranged can fast endothermic, and lock heat and slowly discharge downwards, also have preferable heat insulation effect at night.
The Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method is further comprising the steps of in one of the embodiments,：
Step 1: bait is made in fermentation raw material；The bait is built into strip after fermentation, using wide-and narrow-row method
Earthworm bed is carried out turning over throwing after 2~3d of exposure, be smashed, and earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 15~21d, is added
It adds thickness and sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 5~7d every 50~60d to the progress scarifying of earthworm bed for 10~12cm；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 18~22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature
Gloss harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 18~21d, earthworm cocoon is incubated
A point ridge is carried out after change, and 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 35~40d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, reserved part at
Earthworm does earthworm kind, remaining harvest.
In one of the embodiments, in the breeding process, when earthworm bed height be higher than 60cm when, by earthworm bed surface layer 15~
The bait of 20cm thickness is hung to both sides, and the earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then the bait hung to both sides is spread go back to original place；Harvesting
Earthworm dunghill is put to hatching at one and is recycled.
Bait described in step 1 is that 70% cow dung, 20% stalk and 10% bean dregs are mixed in one of the embodiments,
Close it is inoculum fermented form, fermentation time be 25~30d, it is decomposed after pH be 6.5~7.0；The stalk includes agricultural crop straw, miscellaneous
Grass and sawdust.
It after earthworm bed described in step 1 is put up in one of the embodiments, sprinkles profoundly water, reaches the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, soda, adjusting
The purpose of pH dries 1~2d, and humidity is maintained at 60~70%, then launches earthworm kind；The laying side of irrigation pipe described in step 1
Method is：Main pipeline perpendicular to the earthworm bed uses 40cmPE pipelines, and the lateral for being parallel to earthworm bed extending direction uses
30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm；Micro- spray operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa.
Nutrition aqua described in step 2 in one of the embodiments, includes：The water of 500 parts of meters, 1 part of urea counted, 1
The pineapples essence of the vinegar of part meter, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of meters.
In one of the embodiments, when the reason of summer field management excessively, 7 points and 5 hole irrigation suitable quantity of water in afternoon, reduce earthworm bed in the morning
Temperature is 20~27 DEG C, and it is 60~70% to keep earthworm bed humidity.
In one of the embodiments, when the overwinter management, early October by individual it is larger harvested at earthworm after, remain
Remaining individual it is smaller at earthworm as earthworm kind overwintering, late October, lay the bait of 30~50cm thickness first in the earthworm bed built,
After appropriateness watering, gutter has been dug, cover four layers of covering, from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, the second layer is 5~
The woven straw of 10cm thickness, third and fourth layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, are separately arranged one between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film
Floor height heat-sink shell keeps earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more.
In one of the embodiments, when the overwinter management, following methods can also be used：Late October is building
Earthworm bed lay the bait of 30~50cm thickness first and dug gutter after appropriateness watering, cover four layers of covering, from it is lower toward
On, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is the woven straw of 5~10cm thickness, third and fourth layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, institute
State and a floor height heat-sink shell be separately set between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film, pass the winter naturally, when beginning of spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, daytime most bottom
Bottom film is opened when temperature reaches 20 DEG C under tunic, between 10 points to 11 points of morning and is cooled down, it, will between 3 points to 4 points of afternoon
Film covers again, the water content for during which keeping earthworm bed certain；Under the bottom film temperature at 15 DEG C and it is following when, thoroughly film is beaten
It opens, carries out daily management.
1~1.2m of the earthworm bedside in one of the embodiments, wide row away from for 1.8~2m, narrow row away from for 0.4~
0.6m；The earthworm kind is using Eisenia Foetida category " No. 2 peaceful " kind.
Embodiment 1
Step 1: 70% cow dung, 20% stalk and 10% bean dregs is taken to mix inoculum fermented 25d, decomposed rear pH is 6.5,
Be made bait, the stalk includes 50% agricultural crop straw, 30% weeds and 20% sawdust.The bait after fermentation,
Strip earthworm bed is built into using wide-and narrow-row method, the earthworm bedside 1.2m, wide row is away from for 2m, and narrow row is away from for 0.6m, after exposure 3d
It carries out turning over throwing, smash, earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe, perpendicular to the main pipeline of the earthworm bed
Using 40cmPE pipelines, the lateral for prolonging earthworm bed extending direction uses 30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm；Micro- spray
Operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 21d, addition is thick
Degree is 12cm, and scarifying is carried out to earthworm bed every 60d, sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 7d, what the nutrition aqua was counted by 500 parts
Water, 1 part of urea counted, 1 part of vinegar counted, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of pineapple essences counted are formulated；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature gloss
Harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 21d, after the hatching of earthworm cocoon
A point ridge is carried out, 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 40d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, and reserved part does earthworm kind at earthworm,
Remaining harvest；In the breeding process, when earthworm bed height is higher than 60cm, the bait of earthworm bed surface layer 20cm thickness is hung to both sides,
The earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then the bait hung to both sides is spread into go back to original place；The earthworm dunghill of harvesting is put sharp again to hatching at one
With；
Wherein, summer field management reason is crossed：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm in due course
Bed tempertaure is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw
Natural porous material；
Overwinter management：Early October by individual is larger harvested at earthworm after, remaining individual it is smaller at earthworm as earthworm kind
Overwintering, late October lays the bait of 45cm thickness in the earthworm bed built, after appropriateness watering, has dug gutter, covering four first
Layer covering, from lower to upper, first layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is the woven straw of 5~10cm thickness, third and fourth layer is
A floor height heat-sink shell is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film for waste and old EVA canopy films, keeps earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C
More than.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: 70% cow dung, 20% stalk and 10% bean dregs is taken to mix inoculum fermented 25d, decomposed rear pH is 6.5,
Be made bait, the stalk includes 50% agricultural crop straw, 30% weeds and 20% sawdust.The bait after fermentation,
Strip earthworm bed is built into using wide-and narrow-row method, the earthworm bedside 1.2m, wide row is away from for 2m, and narrow row is away from for 0.6m, after exposure 2d
It carries out turning over throwing, smash, earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe, perpendicular to the main pipeline of the earthworm bed
Using 40cmPE pipelines, the lateral for prolonging earthworm bed extending direction uses 30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm；Micro- spray
Operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 21d, addition is thick
Degree is 12cm, and scarifying is carried out to earthworm bed every 60d, sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 7d, what the nutrition aqua was counted by 500 parts
Water, 1 part of urea counted, 1 part of vinegar counted, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of pineapple essences counted are formulated；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature gloss
Harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 20d, after the hatching of earthworm cocoon
A point ridge is carried out, 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 35d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, and reserved part does earthworm kind at earthworm,
Remaining harvest；In the breeding process, when earthworm bed height is higher than 60cm, the bait of earthworm bed surface layer 20cm thickness is hung to both sides,
The earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then the bait hung to both sides is spread into go back to original place；The earthworm dunghill of harvesting is put sharp again to hatching at one
With；
Wherein, summer field management reason is crossed：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm in due course
Bed tempertaure is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw
Natural porous material；
Overwinter management：Late October lays the bait of 45cm thickness after appropriateness watering in the earthworm bed built and digs first
Gutter covers four layers of covering, and from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is the woven straw of 8cm thickness, the
Three, four layers are waste and old EVA canopy films, and a floor height heat-sink shell is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film, passes the winter naturally,
When beginning of spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, when temperature reaches 20 DEG C under daytime bottom film, bottom film is opened between 10 points to 11 points of morning
Cooling covers film between 3 points to 4 points of afternoon again, the water content for during which keeping earthworm bed certain；Temperature under bottom film
When at 15 DEG C and following, thoroughly film is opened, carries out daily management.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: 70% cow dung, 20% stalk and 10% bean dregs is taken to mix inoculum fermented 25d, decomposed rear pH is 6.5,
Be made bait, the stalk includes 60% agricultural crop straw, 25% weeds and 15% sawdust.The bait after fermentation,
Strip earthworm bed is built into using wide-and narrow-row method, the earthworm bedside 1.2m, wide row is away from for 2m, and narrow row is away from for 0.6m, after exposure 3d
It carries out turning over throwing, smash, earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe, perpendicular to the main pipeline of the earthworm bed
Using 40cmPE pipelines, the lateral for prolonging earthworm bed extending direction uses 30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm；Micro- spray
Operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 21d, addition is thick
Degree is 12cm, and scarifying is carried out to earthworm bed every 60d, sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 7d, what the nutrition aqua was counted by 500 parts
Water, 1 part of urea counted, 1 part of vinegar counted, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of pineapple essences counted are formulated；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature gloss
Harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 18d, after the hatching of earthworm cocoon
A point ridge is carried out, 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 38d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, and reserved part does earthworm kind at earthworm,
Remaining harvest；In the breeding process, when earthworm bed height is higher than 60cm, the bait of earthworm bed surface layer 20cm thickness is hung to both sides,
The earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then the bait hung to both sides is spread into go back to original place；The earthworm dunghill of harvesting is put sharp again to hatching at one
With；
Wherein, summer field management reason is crossed：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built, by pouring water management earthworm in due course
Bed tempertaure is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw
Natural porous material；
Overwinter management：Late October lays the bait of 45cm thickness after appropriateness watering in the earthworm bed built and digs first
Gutter covers four layers of covering, and from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is the woven straw of 8cm thickness, the
Three, four layers are waste and old EVA canopy films, and a floor height heat-sink shell is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film, passes the winter naturally,
When beginning of spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, when temperature reaches 20 DEG C under daytime bottom film, bottom film is opened between 10 points to 11 points of morning
Cooling covers film between 3 points to 4 points of afternoon again, the water content for during which keeping earthworm bed certain；Temperature under bottom film
When at 15 DEG C and following, thoroughly film is opened, carries out daily management.
The present invention sets out according to Ningxia, China special climate condition and earthworm growth-development law, in conjunction with current ecology, warp
It helps social development demand, provides a kind of Ningxia, China open country earthworm and cross summer, overwintering cultivation method.It is supported with existing earthworm open country
It grows method to compare, earthworm open country cultural method provided by the invention can realize that earthworm spends summer, overwintering cultivation, winter in outdoor security
Earthworm need not be moved to facility cultivation can make earthworm overwintering in outdoor security, create breeding environment appropriate, peaceful by realizing
Summer earthworm large-scale cultivation.The present invention method it in line with high financial profit, management require simplicity, technology grasp easy to operate, life
The Ningxia, China open country vermiculture side for producing the features such as operability is strong, profitable on ecology, earthworm open country being cultivated, while proposing
Method.Through field trial, using the present invention, survival rate, disease resistance, the speed of growth, the average weight of earthworm all increase, and have
Conducive to the quality and yield of earthworm is improved, reclamation result is notable.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and embodiment shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method, which is characterized in that including：
Cross summer field management reason：The woven straw that 2~3cm thickness is covered on the earthworm bed built pours water management earthworm bed temperature by timely and appropriate discovery
Degree is at 10~30 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%；The woven straw is multi-layer braided, is coated among multilayer woven straw natural
Porous material；
Overwinter management：Late October lays the bait of 30~50cm thickness on earthworm bed and has dug gutter after appropriateness watering, covered
Four layers of covering of lid, from lower to upper, first layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, are in direct contact the bait, and the second layer is 5~10cm thick
The woven straw of degree, third and fourth layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, keep earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more, third and fourth described layer is useless
One floor height heat-sink shell is separately set between old EVA canopy films.
2. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of：
Step 1: bait is made in fermentation raw material；The bait is built into strip earthworm after fermentation, using wide-and narrow-row method
Bed, it carries out turning over throwing after 2~3d of exposure, smash, earthworm bed builds completion；Each ridge earthworm bed sets an irrigation pipe；
Step 2: launching earthworm kind, injected volume is controlled in general 5000/m2, a bait is added every 18~21d, adds thickness
For 10~12cm, scarifying is carried out to earthworm bed every 50~60d, sprays one time of nutrition aqua every 5~7d；
Step 3: earthworm kind launches 18~22d, the separation at earthworm and earthworm cocoon is carried out, water is watered with for 24 hours before separation, utilizes nature gloss
Harvest earthworm；
Step 4: it is described harvested at earthworm after, the earthworm excrement with earthworm cocoon is added into the bait and cultivates 18~21d, after the hatching of earthworm cocoon
A point ridge is carried out, 1 ridge is divided into 2 ridges, evacuates density；After 35~40d, earthworm cocoon grows into earthworm after hatching, and reserved part is done at earthworm
Earthworm kind, remaining harvest.
3. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the breeding process, work as earthworm
When bed height is higher than 60cm, the bait of earthworm bed surface layer 15~20cm thickness is hung to both sides, the earthworm excrement at center is harvested, then
The bait hung to both sides is spread into go back to original place；The earthworm dunghill of harvesting is put to hatching at one and is recycled.
4. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that bait described in step 1 is
70% cow dung, 20% stalk and 10% bean dregs mixing it is inoculum fermented form, fermentation time be 25~30d, it is decomposed after pH be 6.5
~7.0；The stalk includes agricultural crop straw, weeds and sawdust.
5. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that earthworm bed described in step 1 is taken
It after building up, sprinkles profoundly water, dries 1~2d, humidity is maintained at 60~70%, then launches earthworm kind；Irrigation pipe described in step 1
Laying method is：Main pipeline perpendicular to the earthworm bed uses 40cmPE pipelines, is parallel to the lateral of earthworm bed extending direction
Using 30cm spray irrigation band hoses, spout aperture 0.5mm, micro- spray operating pressure is set as 0.3MPa.
6. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that nutritive water described in step 2
Agent includes：The pineapple essence of the water of 500 parts of meters, 1 part of urea counted, 1 part of vinegar counted, 15 parts of saccharin counted and 20 parts of meters.
7. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that when the reason of summer field management excessively,
5 hole irrigation suitable quantity of water of 7 points of morning and afternoon, it is 20~27 DEG C to reduce earthworm bed tempertaure, and it is 60~70% to keep earthworm bed humidity.
8. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that when the overwinter management,
Early October by individual is larger harvested at earthworm after, remaining individual it is smaller at earthworm as earthworm kind overwintering, late October, building
Earthworm bed lay the bait of 30~50cm thickness first and dug gutter after appropriateness watering, cover four layers of covering, from it is lower toward
On, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is the woven straw of 5~10cm thickness, third and fourth layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, institute
It states and a floor height heat-sink shell is separately set between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film, keep earthworm bed tempertaure at 10 DEG C or more.
9. Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that when the overwinter management, also
Following methods may be used：Late October lays the bait of 30~50cm thickness first in the earthworm bed built, after appropriateness watering,
Gutter has been dug, four layers of covering are covered, from lower to upper, first layer is waste and old EVA canopy films, and the second layer is 5~10cm thickness
Woven straw, third and fourth layer are waste and old EVA canopy films, and a floor height heat-sink shell is separately arranged between third and fourth layer of waste and old EVA canopy film,
Naturally it passes the winter, it, will most bottom between 10 points to 11 points of morning when temperature reaches 20 DEG C under the daytime bottom film when beginning of spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell
Tunic opens cooling and covers film again between 3 points to 4 points of afternoon, the water content for during which keeping earthworm bed certain；The bottom
Under film temperature at 15 DEG C and it is following when, thoroughly film is opened, carry out daily management.
10. the Ningxia, China earthworm open country cultural method as described in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that the earthworm bedside 1
~1.2m, wide row is away from for 1.8~2m, and narrow row is away from for 0.4~0.6m；The earthworm kind is using Eisenia Foetida category " No. 2 peaceful " product
Kind.
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