CN108677517A - 色织丝棉经编工艺 - Google Patents

色织丝棉经编工艺 Download PDF

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CN108677517A
CN108677517A CN201810496202.8A CN201810496202A CN108677517A CN 108677517 A CN108677517 A CN 108677517A CN 201810496202 A CN201810496202 A CN 201810496202A CN 108677517 A CN108677517 A CN 108677517A
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silk
thread
cotton
flosssilk wadding
warp knitting
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CN108677517B (zh
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陈张仁
王逍清
周小娟
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Hangzhou Fu Qiang Silk Co Ltd
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  • Coloring (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种色织丝棉经编工艺,涉及纺织技术领域,其技术方案要点是包括以下步骤:(1)取料;(2)浸泡处理;(4)染色;(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20‑30min;(6)织造;(7)后整理:将面料放置在温度为30‑40℃的后处理液中浸泡50‑80min,后处理液由质量分数为6‑8%的1,3,5‑戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.3‑3.6%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.3‑0.5%的柔软剂混合而成。本发明解决了丝棉织物容易出现染色不均匀、缩水卷曲和折叠后有折痕的问题,达到了丝棉织物染色较为均匀、不易缩水、抗折除皱的效果。

Description

色织丝棉经编工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域,更具体的说,它涉及一种色织丝棉经编工艺。
背景技术
棉布是一种以棉纱线作为原料的机织物,具有吸湿、耐热及耐碱性好等优点;丝绸是一种是桑蚕丝为原料的织物,具有柔软平滑、舒适性、弹性及透气性好等优点,将桑蚕丝和棉纱线进行织造能够织造出集光滑、凉爽、润肤以及吸湿、透气于一身的纺织品。
现有技术中,可参考申请公布号为CN104846535A的中国发明专利申请文件,其公开了一种滑爽型真丝与棉混纺纱凹凸蜂巢提花经编面料,它由40-50wt%真丝、50-60wt%棉混纺纱织造而成;混纺纱的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;经编面料的织造工艺包括:混纺纤维组成,预并条、条并卷、梳理、络筒、定捻制成混纺纱;混纺纱同色染色:依次包括步骤:单面烧毛、煮漂、定型、丝光、分散热熔染色和套色;织造:将染色后的混纺纱在HKS系列经编机上采用双梳组织结构织造凹凸蜂巢面料;后整理:将采用端羟基封端的嵌段聚醚聚硅氧烷整理剂和低含氢量的含氢硅油复合而成的聚醚改性高分子聚硅氧烷整理剂对面料后整理。
现有的这种滑爽型丝线与棉混纺纱凹凸蜂巢提花经编面料容易出现染色不均匀的现象,并且遇水后会缩水卷曲,出现较多褶皱,且经编面料在折叠后容易出现折痕,而使经编面料难以打理。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种色织丝棉经编工艺,其能够使面料染色较为均匀、遇水后不缩水起皱且在折叠后不易出现折痕,容易打理。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:(1)取料:取30-40wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,60-70wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.7-6.1的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为90-110℃,浸泡时间为50-68min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:26-37%氯化钙溶液、32-40%氧化钙溶液、24-35%碳酸钙溶液、13-17%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为65-79℃,浸泡时间为40-56min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:6-13%十二醇硫酸钠、7-17%苯甲酸钠、20-26%氟化钠、12-15%食盐和30-55%水;(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;(4)染色:将丝线放置在PH为7-7.5且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料0.6%owf-6%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.5-1.2g/L的硫酸钠、0.7-1.4g/L的匀染剂和1.3-2.4g/L的固色剂,再缓慢升温至80-100℃;将棉线放置在PH为7.0-7.4且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料0.7%owf-7%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入4.5-5.5g/L的元明粉、1.8-2.3g/L的食盐和1.8-2.5g/L的醋酸铜;(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20-30min,混合液由1.7-1.9g/L的盐水和2.4-2.8g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为6-8Pa,车速在20-25m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为40-60℃,车速在25-35m/min;(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为30-40℃的后处理液中浸泡50-80min,后处理液由质量分数为6-8%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.3-3.6%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.3-0.5%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在80-85℃下烘干。
通过采用上述技术方案,首先利用A浸泡液对桑蚕丝进行浸泡,氯化钙、氧化钙和碳酸钙中的钙离子配位在丝素大分子链上的丝氨酸、络氨酸侧链羟基处形成螯合物,配位过程中破坏了多肽链之间的部分氢键和范德华力,使纤维溶胀,分子结构松弛,在丝素非结晶区由于含有较多的极性氨基酸,分子结构呈松弛状态,钙盐作用下的溶胀效应在松弛的非结晶区更为明显,从结构上判断其大分子链由β折叠结构逐渐向无视卷曲方向移动,使丝胶溶解,丝胶溶解后丝线在染色时即可染液可进入丝线内,使丝线染色较为均匀;十二醇硫酸钠具有较好的润湿、乳化和去污性能,苯甲酸钠和氟化钠具有杀菌、抑菌和防腐的作用,食盐能够保持棉线的色泽度,利用十二醇硫酸钠、苯甲酸钠、氟化钠、食盐和水配制的浸泡液B,能够去棉纱表面的棉蜡,使纱在后续染色过程中能够染色均匀;捻丝能够提高丝线的强力和耐磨性,减少丝线的起毛或断头,增加织物的弹性,使织物表面具有约效应及抗折能力,并使织物表面光泽柔和;在染色时加入硫酸铜,能使染料在纤维上生成水溶性较小的稳定的金属络合物,从而降低染料的水溶性,提高其湿牢度和日晒度牢度;加入食盐和元明粉能起促染和匀染作用;在染色后对丝线和棉线进行缩水定型,能够使丝线和棉线在缩水后再进行编织,若在编织后进行缩水定型,棉线和丝线缩水后,棉线和丝线之间的距离增大,使面料中棉线和丝线之间存在缝隙;利用1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸中多羧酸分子与纤维发生酯交联反应,使经编面料具有抗皱性,利用1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸作为交联剂和磷酸钠对经编面料进行后整理,后整理后的经编面料具有耐洗性极好的抗皱性。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(4)中固色剂是指丝绸固色剂LA。
通过采用上述技术方案,用作丝线纺织品在直接酸性、金属络合或活性染料染色时的后处理剂,可明显提高其润湿坚牢度,提高对织物的固色能力。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(4)中染色前将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡30-50min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次。
通过采用上述技术方案,醋酸能够去除丝线上残留的丝胶及可能存在的碱质,防止产生丝线出现染色不均匀的现象。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(4)中当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸。
通过采用上述技术方案,在染液一中加入醋酸能够促进染液一在丝线上浸染均匀,并能使沾污在粘纤上的染料逐渐转移到蚕丝纤维上,使蚕丝纤维染色均匀。
本发明进一步设置为:将所述步骤(4)中染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为90-95℃的4次皂煮,皂煮15-20min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干。
通过采用上述技术方案,皂煮能够去除浮色与多余的化学品,使染料充分发色,且皂煮后的织物颜色较为鲜艳,手感较为柔软,水洗能够充分洗净粘纤上的沾色,使丝线染色较为均匀。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(4)中染液二中还包括1.6-1.9g/L的棉用匀染剂。
通过采用上述技术方案,棉用匀染剂能够提高活性染料的分散力,防止染料由于盐析作用而凝聚,达到增溶的目的,确保染料的匀染性不会下降;对原棉上杂质如蜡质和果胶因迎水产生的沉淀物具有突出的分散能力;能够加强对染料的解吸与重新吸附,确保吸附均匀。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(7)中柔软剂是由40-50%聚乙烯树脂乳液和28-35%乳化剂在以25-30%氢氧化钾为介质,在450-500转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过使用柔软剂,能够使丝棉织物表面较为柔软,手感较好,并且较为贴肤,舒适感较好。
本发明进一步设置为:所述聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
通过采用上述技术方案,将聚乙烯先进行氧化处理,使其分子中具有部分羧基,能增加亲水性,平滑效果更好,获得温暖丰满的手感,柔软效果良好,对提高织物的撕破强力和耐磨强度特别有效,且具有耐高温、不泛黄,不影响印花织物的色光等优点。
本发明进一步设置为:所述步骤(3)中丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s。
通过采用上述技术方案,将丝线和棉线的捻度控制在大于900T/m,能够防止在后续操作中丝线和棉线因为捻度不够而分股,使细度大于60s,能够增加丝线和棉线的强度,防止丝线和棉线过细而在操作中容易断裂。
综上所述,本发明相比于现有技术具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明首先利用A浸泡液对桑蚕丝进行浸泡,A浸泡液中的钙离子配位在丝素大分子链上的丝氨酸、络氨酸侧链羟基处形成螯合物,配位过程中破坏了多肽链之间的部分氢键和范德华力,使纤维溶胀,分子结构松弛,在丝素非结晶区由于含有较多的极性氨基酸,分子结构呈松弛状态,钙盐作用下的溶胀效应在松弛的非结晶区更为明显,从结构上判断其大分子链由β折叠结构逐渐向无视卷曲方向移动,使丝胶溶解,使丝线在染色中染色均匀;
(2)本发明通过缩水定型,使丝线和棉线在织造前就完成最大限度的缩水,防止编织物发生后续缩水,出现褶皱,影响美观度;
(3)本发明通过使用混合液对编织物进行后整理,使多羧酸分子与纤维发生酯交联反应,能够增加织物的抗皱性,防止织物出现折痕,难以打理。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取30wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,70wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.7的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为90℃,浸泡时间为68min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复上述方法2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:26%氯化钙溶液、32%氧化钙溶液、24%碳酸钙溶液、17%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为65℃,浸泡时间为56min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:6%十二醇硫酸钠、7%苯甲酸钠、20%氟化钠、12%食盐和55%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡30min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料0.6%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.5g/L的硫酸钠、0.7g/L的匀染剂和1.3g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为90℃的4次皂煮,皂煮15min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;
将棉线放置在PH为7.0且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料0.7%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入4.5g/L的元明粉、1.8g/L的食盐、1.6g/L的棉用匀染剂和1.8g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20min,混合液由1.7g/L的盐水和2.4g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为6Pa,车速在20m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为40℃,车速在25m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为30℃的后处理液中浸泡50min,后处理液由质量分数为6%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.3%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.3%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在80℃下烘干;柔软剂是由42%聚乙烯树脂乳液和28%乳化剂在以30%氢氧化钾为介质,在450转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
实施例2:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取35wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,65wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.9的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为100℃,浸泡时间为60min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:30%氯化钙溶液、36%氧化钙溶液、19%碳酸钙溶液、15%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为72℃,浸泡时间为48min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:8%十二醇硫酸钠、11%苯甲酸钠、23%氟化钠、13%食盐和45%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡40min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料3.3%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.9g/L的硫酸钠、1.1g/L的匀染剂和1.8g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为93℃的4次皂煮,皂煮18min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.0g/L的元明粉、2.0g/L的食盐、1.75g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.1g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20min,混合液由1.8g/L的盐水和2.6g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为7Pa,车速在23m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为50℃,车速在30m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为35℃的后处理液中浸泡65min,后处理液由质量分数为7%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.4%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.4%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在83℃下烘干;柔软剂是由44%聚乙烯树脂乳液和30%乳化剂在以26%氢氧化钾为介质,在480转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
实施例3:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:(1)取料:取40wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,60wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为6.1的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为110℃,浸泡时间为50min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:34%氯化钙溶液、40%氧化钙溶液、14%碳酸钙溶液、13%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为79℃,浸泡时间为40min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:13%十二醇硫酸钠、17%苯甲酸钠、24%氟化钠、14%食盐和32%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡50min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料6%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入1.2g/L的硫酸钠、1.4g/L的匀染剂和2.4g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为95℃的4次皂煮,皂煮20min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.5g/L的元明粉、2.3g/L的食盐、1.9g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.5g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡30min,混合液由1.9g/L的盐水和2.8g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为8Pa,车速在25m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为60℃,车速在35m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为40℃的后处理液中浸泡80min,后处理液由质量分数为8%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.6%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.5%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在85℃下烘干;柔软剂是由47%聚乙烯树脂乳液和28%乳化剂在以25%氢氧化钾为介质,在500转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
对比例1:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取35wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,65wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为72℃,浸泡时间为48min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:8%十二醇硫酸钠、11%苯甲酸钠、23%氟化钠、13%食盐和45%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡40min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料3.3%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.9g/L的硫酸钠、1.1g/L的匀染剂和1.8g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为93℃的4次皂煮,皂煮18min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.0g/L的元明粉、2.0g/L的食盐、1.75g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.1g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20min,混合液由1.8g/L的盐水和2.6g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为7Pa,车速在23m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为50℃,车速在30m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为35℃的后处理液中浸泡65min,后处理液由质量分数为7%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.4%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.4%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在83℃下烘干;柔软剂是由44%聚乙烯树脂乳液和30%乳化剂在以26%氢氧化钾为介质,在480转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
对比例2:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取35wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,65wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.9的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为100℃,浸泡时间为60min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:30%氯化钙溶液、36%氧化钙溶液、19%碳酸钙溶液、15%纤维强力保护剂;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡40min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料3.3%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.9g/L的硫酸钠、1.1g/L的匀染剂和1.8g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为93℃的4次皂煮,皂煮18min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.0g/L的元明粉、2.0g/L的食盐、1.75g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.1g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20min,混合液由1.8g/L的盐水和2.6g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为7Pa,车速在23m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为50℃,车速在30m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为35℃的后处理液中浸泡65min,后处理液由质量分数为7%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.4%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.4%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在83℃下烘干;柔软剂是由44%聚乙烯树脂乳液和30%乳化剂在以26%氢氧化钾为介质,在480转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
对比例3:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取35wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,65wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.9的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为100℃,浸泡时间为60min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:30%氯化钙溶液、36%氧化钙溶液、19%碳酸钙溶液、15%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为72℃,浸泡时间为48min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:8%十二醇硫酸钠、11%苯甲酸钠、23%氟化钠、13%食盐和45%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡40min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料3.3%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.9g/L的硫酸钠、1.1g/L的匀染剂和1.8g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为93℃的4次皂煮,皂煮18min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干;将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.0g/L的元明粉、2.0g/L的食盐、1.75g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.1g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举;
(6)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为35℃的后处理液中浸泡65min,后处理液由质量分数为7%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.4%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.4%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在83℃下烘干;柔软剂是由44%聚乙烯树脂乳液和30%乳化剂在以26%氢氧化钾为介质,在480转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成;聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
对比例4:一种色织丝棉经编工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取35wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,65wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.9的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为100℃,浸泡时间为60min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:30%氯化钙溶液、36%氧化钙溶液、19%碳酸钙溶液、15%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为72℃,浸泡时间为48min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:8%十二醇硫酸钠、11%苯甲酸钠、23%氟化钠、13%食盐和45%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡40min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次;再将丝线放置在PH为7且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料3.3%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.9g/L的硫酸钠、1.1g/L的匀染剂和1.8g/L的丝绸固色剂LA,再缓慢升温至80℃;当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸;染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为93℃的4次皂煮,皂煮18min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干。
将棉线放置在PH为7.2且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料3.8%owfowf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入5.0g/L的元明粉、2.0g/L的食盐、1.75g/L的棉用匀染剂和2.1g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20min,混合液由1.8g/L的盐水和2.6g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为7Pa,车速在23m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为50℃,车速在30m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;丝线和棉线的位置可为间隔设置,也可为多条丝线中一条棉线,在此不做列举。
对比例1与实施例2相比缺少对丝线的浸泡处理步骤,对比例2与实施例2相比缺少对棉线的浸泡处理步骤;取按照实施例1-3和对比例1-4中方法制得的色织丝棉经编织面料各60块,色织丝棉经编面料的规格均为50×50cm,由专业的判色工人进行判色,判色时采用D65标准光源观察,将袜带套在判色框上,织物表面与入射光成45°角,观察方向大致垂直于织物表面,观测距离30-40cm,逐段观测,评定每一块色织丝棉经编面料的颜色深浅进行分等评级,得到的判色结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-3和对比例1-4制得的色织丝棉经编面料的人工判色结果
对比例1中没有对丝线进行浸泡,对比例2中没有对棉线进行浸泡,由表1可以看出没有浸泡丝线和没有浸泡棉线的色织丝棉经编面料容易出现染色不均匀的现象,浸泡丝线能够去除丝线表面的丝胶,浸泡棉线能够去除棉线表面的棉蜡,使染料与丝线和棉线充分接触,使丝线和棉线染色均匀。
对比例3与实施例2相比缺少缩水定型处理步骤;按照标准GB/T8629-2001测试,取按照实施例1-3和对比例1-4中方法制得的色织丝棉经编面料各一块,用缩水率标记板在每块色织丝棉经编面料中间取50×50cm大小的试样,并用纺织黄油笔标记35×35cm,并对试样边缘进行缝制;然后将各试样和陪洗布一起放入缩水率洗衣机,并倒入标准洗涤剂;洗涤后自然晾干,用钢尺量取烘干后的尺寸,并计算缩水率,得到的缩水率如表2所示。
表2实施例1-3和对比例1-4中试样的缩水率测试结果
由表1可以看出,没有经过缩水定型处理步骤的对比例3制得的色织丝棉经编面料在经过缩水实验后,缩水率较大,而经过缩水定型处理的实施例1-3和对比例1-2和对比例4制得的色织丝棉经编面料经过缩水实验后,缩水率较小。
对比例4与实施例2相比缺少后整理步骤;取按照实施例1-3和对比例1-4中方法制得的相同规格的色织丝棉经编面料各两块,其中一块浸在水中,使面料完全浸湿;采用织物折皱弹性仪,按照GB/T3819-1983方法测定经、纬向折皱回复角各五次,取平均值,测试结果如表3所示。
表3实施例1-3和对比例1-4试样的折皱回复角测试结果
由表3可以看出,经过后处理的实施例1-3和对比例1-3中的色织丝棉经编面料无论是在较干状态下还是在浸湿状态下的折皱回复角均较大,色织丝棉经编面料的抗皱性较强,而对比例4中没有后整理步骤,对比例4制得的色织丝棉经编面料的折皱回复角较小,色织丝棉经编面料的抗皱性较弱。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)取料:取30-40wt%纤度为22/24D的桑蚕丝,60-70wt%支数为120-160的棉纱;
(2)浸泡处理:将桑蚕丝均放置在PH为5.7-6.1的A浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为90-110℃,浸泡时间为50-68min,浸泡完成后取出桑蚕丝并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述A浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:26-37%氯化钙溶液、32-40%氧化钙溶液、24-35%碳酸钙溶液、13-17%纤维强力保护剂;将棉纱均放置在B浸泡液中浸泡,浸泡温度为65-79℃,浸泡时间为40-56min,浸泡完成后取出棉纱并用去离子水洗涤2-3次,离心脱水后烘干;重复操作2次;所述B浸泡液按重量比由以下组分组成:6-13%十二醇硫酸钠、7-17%苯甲酸钠、20-26%氟化钠、12-15%食盐和30-55%水;
(3)络丝与加捻丝:用络丝机将烘干后的桑蚕丝单根绕成蚕丝卷,再将多股蚕丝合股后进行加捻,将多根蚕丝加捻呈丝线;用络丝机将烘干后的棉纱单根绕成棉纱卷,再将多股棉纱合股后进行加捻,将多根棉纱加捻成棉线;
(4)染色:将丝线放置在PH为7-7.5且浴比为1:50的染液一中浸染6次,染液一是由二氯均三嗪活性基与乙烯砜硫酸酯基的混合双活性基活性染料0.6%owf-6%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入0.5-1.2g/L的硫酸钠、0.7-1.4g/L的匀染剂和1.3-2.4g/L的固色剂,再缓慢升温至80-100℃;将棉线放置在PH为7.0-7.4且浴比为1:50的染液二中浸染4次,染液二是活性染料0.7%owf-7%owf,先用30℃的水充分搅拌溶解后,再依次加入4.5-5.5g/L的元明粉、1.8-2.3g/L的食盐和1.8-2.5g/L的醋酸铜;
(5)缩水定型:将丝线和棉线分别完全浸泡在浴比为1:60的混合液中浸泡20-30min,混合液由1.7-1.9g/L的盐水和2.4-2.8g/L的醋酸混合而成,混合液的温度保持恒温30℃,浸泡完成后利用呢毯整理机对丝线进行预缩处理,蒸汽压力为6-8Pa,车速在20-25m/min;利用织物预缩橡胶毯对棉线进行预缩处理,橡胶毯的温度为40-60℃,车速在25-35m/min;
(6)织造:将丝线和棉线均作为经线进行织造;
(7)后整理:将经编织造后的面料放置在温度为30-40℃的后处理液中浸泡50-80min,后处理液由质量分数为6-8%的1,3,5-戊烷三羧酸和质量分数为3.3-3.6%的磷酸钠和质量分数为0.3-0.5%的柔软剂混合而成,浸泡弯成后取出在80-85℃下烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中固色剂是指丝绸固色剂LA。
3.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中染色前将丝线放置在2mol/L的醋酸溶液中浸泡30-50min,浸泡后离心烘干,再用冷水清洗,并重复操作一次。
4.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中当丝线在浸染到第5次时,在染液一中滴加稀释到1mol/L的醋酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:将所述步骤(4)中染色完成的丝线再进行浴比为1:30、温度为90-95℃的4次皂煮,皂煮15-20min后进行离心烘干,再用50℃和70℃的热水各洗一次,洗后离心烘干。
6.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中染液二中还包括1.6-1.9g/L的棉用匀染剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(7)中柔软剂是由40-50%聚乙烯树脂乳液和28-35%乳化剂在以25-30%氢氧化钾为介质,在450-500转/min的转速下进行搅拌制备而成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯在搅拌前先用氧气进行氧化处理,使聚乙烯分子中具有部分羧基。
9.根据权利要求1所述的色织丝棉经编工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中丝线和棉线的捻度大于900T/m,细度大于60s。
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