CN108651878A - 低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物及其腌卤方法 - Google Patents
低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物及其腌卤方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651878A CN108651878A CN201810411928.7A CN201810411928A CN108651878A CN 108651878 A CN108651878 A CN 108651878A CN 201810411928 A CN201810411928 A CN 201810411928A CN 108651878 A CN108651878 A CN 108651878A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
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- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物及其腌卤方法是具有抗脂肪氧化、提高嫩度、降低卤肉的汁液损失和在低温杀菌下延长保质期的卤制技术。用腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,分四步对肉块进先腌后卤的方法,既:腌制、滚揉、卤煮、减菌护色四个步骤。腌制用注入液体的方式将木瓜蛋白酶、黄原胶、槐豆胶、亚麻籽胶、复合磷酸盐和迷迭香提取物等注入肉块,再滚揉分散,后用香料水卤制,最后加抗脂肪氧化剂和抗菌食用酸,达到快速嫩化、保水及腌制和卤制,又不经过高压高温灭菌,能保护口感和风味,具有抗脂肪氧化强、保水性好、嫩度高、抑菌作用,能有效降低脂肪氧化的低温先腌后卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明是一种牦牛肉和羊肉的卤制技术,特别是抗脂肪氧化加工工艺能,降低卤肉的汁液损失的卤制技术。
背景技术
牦牛是青藏高原的象征性动物,是唯一能适应寒冷、低氧和高海拔环境的牛种。因生长在高海拔无污染地区,其肉质鲜美,风味独特,深受中国人喜爱,需求量日益上升。牦牛肉和羊肉熟食制品主要是牦牛肉和羊肉干和酱卤牦牛肉和羊肉,酱卤牦牛肉和羊肉有较高的水分含量,因此具有较高的经济效益。
在高原地区,卤制牦牛肉和羊肉更多的是小作坊式生产,没有统一的标准,制作出的成品存在汁液损失严重、口感粗糙、微生物超出限量等质量问题,严重影响企业效益。
卤肉加工过程中经过滚揉、高温、高盐等影响,脂肪氧化较为严重,零售的卤牦牛肉和羊肉只有20~30天的货架期,持续的脂肪的氧化会产生不良的滋味、风味和有害物质,影响产品质量。
卤肉软包装后120℃高压灭菌,产品能常温保质6~12个月,高温灭菌由于过高的温度会导致产品汁液析出、口感变柴、出现蒸煮味等,外观和风味变劣,同时高温加热导致卤肉产生致癌、致突变的杂环胺,因此低温肉制品是引领消费健康肉制品的风向标。
发明内容
本发明提供低温卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的三种腌卤料组合物,这三种腌卤料组合物是卤制工艺中的前后不同步骤的先腌后卤制用料。
本发明还提供用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的腌卤料组合物,先腌后卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的方法,该方法是一种不经过高压高温灭菌,能保护口感和风味,减少加热过程中有害物质的产生,具有抗脂肪氧化强,能减脂肪氧化的低温先腌后卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的方法。
本发明的内容入下:
低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的腌卤料组合物,其特征在于,包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐5.00~15.00克、白砂糖3.00~5.00克、大豆分离蛋白0.50~2.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.05~0.15克、槐豆胶0.10~0.20克、亚麻籽胶0.05~0.10克、复合磷酸盐0.15~0.30克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;
其中:复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.03~0.06克、花椒0.02~0.08克、桂皮0.05~0.20克、肉豆蔻0.20~0.60克、小茴香0.10~0.30克、陈皮0.30~0.90克、甘草0.05~0.2克、红曲红0.01~0.03克、干辣椒0.30~1.00克、料酒1.00~2.50克、生抽酱油3.00~5.00克、老抽酱油0.50~1.50克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠2.00~5.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01~0.03克、茶多酚0.01~0.03克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin0.02~0.05克、盐3.00~5.00克、葡萄糖0.02~0.05克、抗坏血酸钠0.04~0.10克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物。
优选的一种低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的腌卤料组合物,其特征在于,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:进一步地,食盐8.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白1.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1500U、黄原胶0.10克、槐豆胶0.15克、亚麻籽胶0.08克、复合磷酸盐0.20克、迷迭香提取物0.02克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,丁香0.04克、花椒0.05克、桂皮0.12克、肉豆蔻0.40克、小茴香0.20克、陈皮0.50克、甘草0.10克、红曲红0.02克、干辣椒0.50克、料酒1.50克、生抽酱油4.00克、老抽酱油1.00克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,乳酸钠4.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.02克、迷迭香提取物0.02克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.03克、盐4.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.05克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物。
所述的迷迭香提取物是湖南朗林生物制品有限公司的产品;该产品目前已广泛应用于鱼类、油炸食品、肉类和食用油类的长期储存添加剂。迷迭香提取物原料为唇形科迷迭香属植物迷迭香全草,经提取加工制得。该原料原产地中海国家,近年我国大面积引种栽培成功。
本发明三种组合物腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液各自的作用如下:腌生肉注入液的作用:快速腌制作用,减少腌制时间,增加嫩化适口性,抗氧化作用,延长保质期作用。
其中:
木瓜蛋白酶的作用是:对牦牛肉和羊肉肌纤维进一步水解和嫩化。减少腌制时间,增加嫩化适口性。
复合磷酸盐的作用是:使肌肉球蛋白溶出并与金属离子络合等,还有保水增加嫩化适口性和抗氧化延长保质期作用。
迷迭香提取物的作用是:能够抵抗脂肪氧化,具有抗氧化作用,延长保质期作用。
黄原胶、槐豆胶、亚麻籽胶的作用是:能够形成胶体,保持水分增加嫩化适口性。卤水香料的作用:提供香味和抗氧化杀菌作用,发色作用而具有引起食欲的作用。
其中:丁香、花椒、桂皮、肉豆蔻、小茴香、陈皮、甘草、红曲红、干辣椒、料酒、生抽酱油、老抽酱油的作用是香料;
减菌护色液各自的作用:抑制霉菌生长和抗氧化作用,延长卤制品保质期,发色作用而具引起食欲的作用。
其中:乳酸钠的作用是:抑制微生物生长。
脱氢乙酸钠的作用是:抑制霉菌生长,延长卤制品保质期。
茶多酚的作用是:抗氧化作用,延长保质期。
迷迭香提取物的作用是:抗氧化作用,延长保质期。
乳酸链球菌素Nisin的作用是:抑制微生物生长,延长保质期。
葡萄糖的作用是:产生美拉德反应,发色作用。
抗坏血酸钠的作用是:抗氧化作用。
用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法,制作步骤如下:
首先配制包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐5.00~15.00克、白砂糖3.00~5.00克、大豆分离蛋白0.50~2.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.05~0.15克、槐豆胶0.10~0.20克、亚麻籽胶0.05~0.10克、复合磷酸盐0.15~0.30克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克,将各种原料常温下溶解成溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.03~0.06克、花椒0.02~0.08克、桂皮0.05~0.20克、肉豆蔻0.20~0.60克、小茴香0.10~0.30克、陈皮0.30~0.90克、甘草0.05~0.2克、红曲红0.01~0.03克、干辣椒0.30~1.00克、料酒1.00~2.50克、生抽酱油3.00~5.00克、老抽酱油0.50~1.50克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠2.00~5.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01~0.03克、茶多酚0.01~0.03克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin0.02~0.05克、盐3.00~5.00克、葡萄糖0.02~0.05克、抗坏血酸钠0.04~0.10克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为减菌护色液卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
S1腌制:将新鲜或解冻后的牦牛肉和羊肉切成肉块,去除多余的脂肪和筋膜,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物的重量为肉块重的15~25%,注射时间30~100min;注入方法是用盐水注射机的拼排多枚注射针同时向下插入肉块中,多枚针同时向肉块中注入腌生肉中腌料组合物;
S2滚揉:牦牛肉和羊肉块在10℃以下的真空滚揉机中10~30r/min转述滚揉240~720min,每滚揉40min,暂停10min;
S3卤煮:将滚揉好的牦牛肉和羊肉放入煮沸的卤水香料卤料组合物中,微沸水温度卤煮制10~30min,随后降温至75℃~85℃焖煮30min~300min;
S4减菌护色:将卤制完成的牦牛肉和羊肉捞出沥干,降温至4℃~10℃,装入洁净的尼龙袋,每1000g熟肉加入40~150mL减菌护色液,充分混合,4℃~10℃条件下腌制10min~60h,进一步地,每1000g已卤的熟肉块加入80mL减菌护色液卤料组合物防止腐败和对肉块作色;
S5.打开尼龙袋,将肉块真空包装,随后放入60℃~85℃的热水中巴氏杀菌10~60min,随后将包装好的卤肉块放入冻柜中,在1~3min内快速将肉块表面温度降至1~6℃,进一步地。
优选的一种用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法,其特征在于,腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物的配方为,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:进一步地,食盐8.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白1.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1500U、黄原胶0.10克、槐豆胶0.15克、亚麻籽胶0.08克、复合磷酸盐0.20克、迷迭香提取物0.02克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,丁香0.04克、花椒0.05克、桂皮0.12克、肉豆蔻0.40克、小茴香0.20克、陈皮0.50克、甘草0.10克、红曲红0.02克、干辣椒0.50克、料酒1.50克、生抽酱油4.00克、老抽酱油1.00克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,乳酸钠4.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.02克、迷迭香提取物0.02克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.03克、盐4.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.05克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物,加清水配制成1000克。
本发明的方法能用低温卤制,而不用120℃高压灭菌的原因:因为在S5步骤,因为将肉块真空包装后放入60℃~85℃的热水中巴氏杀菌10~60min。
本发明的方法的特点:
第一是注液快速腌制:S1步骤中,先用肉重15~25%的腌生肉注入液腌料组合物注入肉块之中,注射时间30~100min。注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物后,使腌制液迅速加入肉块,实现快速腌制。
第二是滚揉快速腌制:S2步骤中,对己腌制和注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物的肉块在10℃以下的真空滚揉机中10~30r/min转述滚揉240~720min;滚揉的作用是使腌制液快速又均匀分布在肉块中。
第三是减少脂肪氧化:因为肉块注射了迷迭香提取物、茶多酚、抗坏血酸钠等抗氧化组合物,所以减少对肉块中的脂肪氧化。
第四是减少肉品加工过程中的汁液损失:因为腌生肉注入液中含有保水成分黄原胶、槐豆胶、亚麻籽胶、复合磷酸盐,加上滚揉分散均匀后,减少了煮制时,卤制肉块过程中的汁液损失,产品更鲜嫩。
本发明所涉及的原料和添加剂都能商购,采购原料需符合国家标准;
本发明所涉及的工序,均可采用所属领域中的常规设备和肉制品卤制技术操作;
本发明的卤制牦牛肉和羊肉包装形式采用真空包装,包装袋材料可以是复合膜、共挤膜、锡箔袋等,包装材料应符合国家相应的质量标准。
本发明的优点:先腌后卤,腌料与卤料分别配方、分别包装、分步分时先腌和后卤。卤制牦牛肉和羊肉产品不经过高压高温灭菌,能保证产品的风味,减少加热过程中有害物质的产生,所提供的香辛料配方,能减少卤制品50%的脂肪氧化;提供的生产工艺能减少肉品加工过程中的汁液损失,提高了投入产出比,改善了产品风味和外观。该发明生产出的卤肉能在室温下保存30~60天,在4℃保存60~90天,相比传统冷链低温肉制品,有较长的货架期。
本发明达到快速嫩化、保水及腌制和卤制,又不经过高压高温灭菌,能保护口感和风味,具有抗脂肪氧化强、保水性好、嫩度高、抑菌作用,能有效降低脂肪氧化的低温先腌后卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的方法。
具体实施方式
为了对发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现结合以下实施例说明本发明的实施例。
实施例1、用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法
卤制低温卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的三种腌卤料组合物,包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐5.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白0.50克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.05克、槐豆胶0.10克、亚麻籽胶0.05克、复合磷酸盐0.15克、迷迭香提取物0.01克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.03克、花椒0.02克、桂皮0.05克、肉豆蔻0.20克、小茴香0.10克、陈皮0.30克、甘草0.05克、红曲红0.01克、干辣椒0.30克、料酒1.00克、生抽酱油3.00克、老抽酱油0.50克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠2.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.01克、迷迭香提取物0.01克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.02克、盐3.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.04克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物,加清水配制成1000克;。
S1腌制:将新鲜或解冻后的牦牛肉和羊肉切成肉块,去除多余的脂肪和筋膜,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物的重量为肉块重的15~25%,注射时间30~100min;注入方法是用盐水注射机的拼排多枚注射针同时向下插入肉块中,多枚针同时向肉块中注入腌生肉中腌料组合物;
S2滚揉:牦牛肉和羊肉块在10℃以下的真空滚揉机中10~30r/min转述滚揉240~720min,每滚揉40min,暂停10min;
S3卤煮:将滚揉好的牦牛肉和羊肉放入煮沸的卤水香料卤料组合物中,微沸水温度卤煮制10~30min,随后降温至75℃~85℃焖煮30min~300min;
S4减菌护色:将卤制完成的牦牛肉和羊肉捞出沥干,降温至4℃~10℃,装入洁净的尼龙袋,每1000g熟肉加入40~150mL减菌护色液,充分混合,4℃~10℃条件下腌制10min~60h,进一步地,每1000g已卤的熟肉块加入80mL减菌护色液卤料组合物防止腐败和对肉块作色;
S5.打开尼龙袋,将肉块真空包装,随后放入60℃~85℃的热水中巴氏杀菌10~60min,随后将包装好的卤肉块放入冻柜中,在1~3min内快速将肉块表面温度降至1~6℃,进一步地。
实施例2、用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法
卤制低温卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的三种腌卤料组合物,包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐15.00克、白砂糖5.00克、大豆分离蛋白.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.15克、槐豆胶0.20克、亚麻籽胶0.10克、复合磷酸盐0.30克、迷迭香提取物0.03克,将各种原料常温下溶解成溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.06克、花椒0.08克、桂皮0.20克、肉豆蔻.60克、小茴香0.30克、陈皮0.90克、甘草克、老抽酱油1.50克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠5.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.03克、茶多酚0.03克、迷迭香提取物0.03克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin0.05克、盐5.00克、葡萄糖0.05克、抗坏血酸钠0.10克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为减菌护色液卤料组合物,加清水配制成1000克;。
实施例3、用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法
卤制低温卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的三种腌卤料组合物,包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:进一步地,食盐8.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白1.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1500U、黄原胶0.10克、槐豆胶0.15克、亚麻籽胶0.08克、复合磷酸盐0.20克、迷迭香提取物0.02克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,丁香0.04克、花椒0.05克、桂皮0.12克、肉豆蔻0.40克、小茴香0.20克、陈皮0.50克、甘草0.10克、红曲红0.02克、干辣椒0.50克、料酒1.50克、生抽酱油4.00克、老抽酱油1.00克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,乳酸钠4.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.02克、迷迭香提取物0.02克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.03克、盐4.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.05克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物,加清水配制成1000克。
对上述实施例1、2、3的感官品评价
感官评分采用百分制,每克样品3位随机数字编号,由20位食品科学感官评价专业人员对样品(实施例1-3,对比例1-2)的色泽、气味、滋味、整体可接受性进行评分,本实验采用7分制喜好评分法:1分-非常厌恶、2分-较厌恶、3分-不喜欢、4分-一般、5分-喜欢、6分-较喜欢、7分-非常喜欢。感官评分结果见表1。
表1 卤牦牛肉和羊肉感官评分结果
样品号 | 色泽 | 气味 | 滋味 | 整体可接受性 |
实例1 | 5.95 | 6.65 | 6.82 | 6.73 |
实例2 | 5.85 | 6.68 | 6.80 | 6.70 |
实例3 | 5.57 | 5.68 | 6.38 | 6.13 |
对比例1 | 4.72 | 3.87 | 5.55 | 5.13 |
对比例2 | 4.94 | 4.79 | 4.32 | 4.80 |
表2 卤牦牛肉和羊肉TBARS和微生物结果
通过实例和对比例感官评价和检测数据可以看出,使用本发明制作的卤制牦牛肉和羊肉(实施例1-3)与传统工艺(对比例1-2)相比,消费者对本发明喜好增加,本发明的卤肉块脂肪氧化减少约50%,汁液损失减少7-8%,微生物水平大量减少,因此本发明能改善产品品质提高,投入产出比和降低微生物水平的特点。
Claims (4)
1.低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的腌卤料组合物,其特征在于,包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐5.00~15.00克、白砂糖3.00~5.00克、大豆分离蛋白0.50~2.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.05~0.15克、槐豆胶0.10~0.20克、亚麻籽胶0.05~0.10克、复合磷酸盐0.15~0.30克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;
其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.03~0.06克、花椒0.02~0.08克、桂皮0.05~0.20克、肉豆蔻0.20~0.60克、小茴香0.10~0.30克、陈皮0.30~0.90克、甘草0.05~0.2克、红曲红0.01~0.03克、干辣椒0.30~1.00克、料酒1.00~2.50克、生抽酱油3.00~5.00克、老抽酱油0.50~1.50克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠2.00~5.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01~0.03克、茶多酚0.01~0.03克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin0.02~0.05克、盐3.00~5.00克、葡萄糖0.02~0.05克、抗坏血酸钠0.04~0.10克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉的腌卤料组合物,其特征在于,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:进一步地,食盐8.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白1.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1500U、黄原胶0.10克、槐豆胶0.15克、亚麻籽胶0.08克、复合磷酸盐0.20克、迷迭香提取物0.02克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,丁香0.04克、花椒0.05克、桂皮0.12克、肉豆蔻0.40克、小茴香0.20克、陈皮0.50克、甘草0.10克、红曲红0.02克、干辣椒0.50克、料酒1.50克、生抽酱油4.00克、老抽酱油1.00克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,乳酸钠4.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.02克、迷迭香提取物0.02克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.03克、盐4.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.05克,用清水定溶到1000克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物。
3.用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法,制作步骤如下:
首先配制包括腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:食盐5.00~15.00克、白砂糖3.00~5.00克、大豆分离蛋白0.50~2.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1000~3000U、黄原胶0.05~0.15克、槐豆胶0.10~0.20克、亚麻籽胶0.05~0.10克、复合磷酸盐0.15~0.30克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克,将各种原料常温下溶解成溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:丁香0.03~0.06克、花椒0.02~0.08克、桂皮0.05~0.20克、肉豆蔻0.20~0.60克、小茴香0.10~0.30克、陈皮0.30~0.90克、甘草0.05~0.2克、红曲红0.01~0.03克、干辣椒0.30~1.00克、料酒1.00~2.50克、生抽酱油3.00~5.00克、老抽酱油0.50~1.50克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:乳酸钠2.00~5.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01~0.03克、茶多酚0.01~0.03克、迷迭香提取物0.01~0.03克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin0.02~0.05克、盐3.00~5.00克、葡萄糖0.02~0.05克、抗坏血酸钠0.04~0.10克,将各种液体和物料混合均匀为减菌护色液卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
S1腌制:将新鲜或解冻后的牦牛肉和羊肉切成肉块,去除多余的脂肪和筋膜,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物,注入腌生肉注入液腌料组合物的重量为肉块重的15~25%,注射时间30~100min;注入方法是用盐水注射机的拼排多枚注射针同时向下插入肉块中,多枚针同时向肉块中注入腌生肉中腌料组合物;
S2滚揉:牦牛肉和羊肉块在10℃以下的真空滚揉机中10~30r/min转述滚揉240~720min,每滚揉40min,暂停10min;
S3卤煮:将滚揉好的牦牛肉和羊肉放入煮沸的卤水香料卤料组合物中,微沸水温度卤煮制10~30min,随后降温至75℃~85℃焖煮30min~300min;
S4减菌护色:将卤制完成的牦牛肉和羊肉捞出沥干,降温至4℃~10℃,装入洁净的尼龙袋,每1000g熟肉加入40~150mL减菌护色液,充分混合,4℃~10℃条件下腌制10min~60h,进一步地,每1000g已卤的熟肉块加入80mL减菌护色液卤料组合物防止腐败和对肉块作色;
S5.打开尼龙袋,将肉块真空包装,随后放入60℃~85℃的热水中巴氏杀菌10~60min,随后将包装好的卤肉块放入冻柜中,在1~3min内快速将肉块表面温度降至1~6℃,进一步地。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用低温腌卤制牦牛肉和羊肉组合物的腌卤方法,其特征在于,腌生肉注入液、卤水香料和减菌护色液三种腌卤料组合物的配方为,
1)、所述腌生肉注入液组分为:进一步地,食盐8.00克、白砂糖3.00克、大豆分离蛋白1.00克、木瓜蛋白酶1500U、黄原胶0.10克、槐豆胶0.15克、亚麻籽胶0.08克、复合磷酸盐0.20克、迷迭香提取物0.02克,各种原料常温溶液为腌生肉注入液腌料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;其中,复合磷酸盐中各组克的名称和重量比为:三聚磷酸钠∶焦磷酸钠∶六偏磷酸钠=1∶2∶1;
2)、所述卤水香料配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,丁香0.04克、花椒0.05克、桂皮0.12克、肉豆蔻0.40克、小茴香0.20克、陈皮0.50克、甘草0.10克、红曲红0.02克、干辣椒0.50克、料酒1.50克、生抽酱油4.00克、老抽酱油1.00克,各种液体和物料混合物为卤水香料卤料组合物;加清水配制成1000克;
3)、所述减菌护色液配方组分和重量克配合比例为:进一步地,乳酸钠4.00克、脱氢乙酸钠0.01克、茶多酚0.02克、迷迭香提取物0.02克、乳酸链球菌素Nisin 0.03克、盐4.00克、葡萄糖0.02克、抗坏血酸钠0.05克,各种液体和物料混合物为减菌护色液卤料组合物,加清水配制成1000克。
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