CN108633908A - A kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease - Google Patents
A kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633908A CN108633908A CN201810409607.3A CN201810409607A CN108633908A CN 108633908 A CN108633908 A CN 108633908A CN 201810409607 A CN201810409607 A CN 201810409607A CN 108633908 A CN108633908 A CN 108633908A
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- peanut
- charcoal
- rot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease, belongs to crops Prevention Technique field, can effectively prevent peanut root disease, environmentally safe, realizes the green prevention and control of peanut disease.The technical solution is a kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease, wherein the charcoal is pyrolyzed under 450 500 DEG C of anaerobic conditions by peanut straw and is made.The present invention can be applied in the especially prevention of peanut crown rot and peanut root rot of peanut root disease.
Description
Technical field
The application more particularly to a kind of charcoal that the present invention relates to biological carbon materials in preventing corps diseases are preventing
Application in peanut root disease.
Background technology
Peanut is the important oil plant in China and industrial crops, be grease, food, Protein Extraction, Medicines and Health Product exploitation,
Chemical products, the main raw material(s) of processing industry and China export goods and earn foreign currency agricultural product substantially, occupy importantly in national economy
Position.Peanut root disease seriously affects peanut production, wherein peanut crown rot, peanut sclerotium rolfsii and peanut root rot influence compared with
It is serious.
Peanut crown rot is a kind of peanut time of infertility generable soil-borne fungus type disease, and cause of disease is
Aspergillus niger V.Tiegh belong to Deuteromycotina, hyphomycetales Eurotium, black-koji mould fungi.The disease is mainly sent out
Give birth in seedling stage or grow early period.In peanut seedling stage, germ first infects the cotyledon of remaining, and then the basal part of stem of infecting peanut.Sick portion
The scab of nascent yellowish-brown recess, scab edge brown, later disease portion expand rapidly, and cortex lobe organizes dry rot, finally only surplus
Broken fibr tissue down.In the case of humidity, sick portion grows the mould layer of black quickly, i.e., the mitogenetic spore of germ is in stalk and mitogenetic
Spore.Kernel is infected, can be allowed to rot and cannot germinate, one layer of black mould is grown in aggrieved portion faces.After benevolence germination, disease
Bacterium can infect cotyledon, and cotyledon is not unearthed and rots with regard to blackening, and it is in water soaking mode that plumular axis, which is infected, light brown, there is the mould layer of black.Peanut
Growth period is susceptible, often results in basal part of stem and rots, diseased plant is wilted withered.
Peanut root rot can occur in peanut each breeding time, and cause of disease is Deuteromycotina Fusarium fungi.Before emergence
Rotten kind, rotten bud can be caused by catching an illness；It is aggrieved in seedling stage to cause seedling withered；Cause root-rot, brown foot rot and pod rotten Adult plant is aggrieved,
The short and small, undergrowth of diseased plant overground part performance, blade from bottom to top dry up after gradual change Huang, main root browning, shrinkage, dry rot, lateral root
It falls off or lateral root is few and short, main root only stays the root tissue of remaining, be commonly called as its " mouse tail " as mouse tail when pulling up.
Currently to the prevention of peanut pest and disease damage mainly based on plant resistance to environment stress kind and chemical prevention, but Pest-resistant
Problem getting worse, and chemical pesticide residual causes serious harm, such as residual hazard, environmental pollution, is caused to human body and ecology
Very big threat, is unfavorable for the sustainable development of peanut cultivation industry.Therefore, a kind of economic, safe and effective control measure is found
It is extremely urgent.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease, can effectively prevent peanut root disease
Evil, it is environmentally safe, realize the green prevention and control of peanut disease.
In order to achieve the above object, application of a kind of charcoal of the present invention in preventing peanut root disease, the biology
Charcoal is pyrolyzed under 450-500 DEG C of anaerobic condition by peanut straw and is made.The present solution provides utilization peanut straws in anaerobism
Under the conditions of be pyrolyzed made of biological carbon, peanut root disease can be effectively antagonized using the biological carbon, can effectively replace is made at present
Chemical prevention and control method more economically, is safely, effectively conducive to the sustainable development of peanut cultivation industry.
Preferably, the peanut root disease includes peanut crown rot and peanut root rot.
Preferably, adding 2-5g charcoals in every planting pot/every cave sterilized soil per jin.In the technical solution, whether
Indoor pot or plot experiment, the additive amount of biological carbon are limited in every planting pot/per cave according to 2-5g charcoals/per jin
The additive amount of sterilized soil, you can effectively prevention peanut crown rot and/or peanut root rot.It is per jin to go out according to different plantation situations
The additive amount for the biological carbon being added in bacterium soil can also be the arbitrary point value in 3,4g or above range, and those skilled in the art can
It is adjusted according to actual conditions.
It is specifically included preferably, the charcoal is pyrolyzed to be made by peanut straw under 450-500 DEG C of anaerobic condition：
Using peanut straw as biomass material, impurity is removed through water washing, is dried at 80-100 DEG C after air-drying, then
It is crushed, is sieved, be packed into compacting in aluminium box and cover tightly in merging Muffle furnace, be brought rapidly up to 450-500 DEG C and keep 2-3h, and
Postcooling to room temperature is taken out, and charcoal is obtained.
Above-mentioned technical proposal provides the specific method that biological carbon is made in peanut straw pyrolysis, wherein can will be crushed, sieving
Peanut straw be pressed into compacting in the aluminium box of 5 × 4cm and cover tightly and be placed in Muffle furnace again.This method is easy, easy to operate, it is only necessary to will give birth to
Raw material of substance, which is brought rapidly up, keeps a period of time postcooling to room temperature, can be obtained without other tedious steps for being expected
The required biological carbon of purpose.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
The charcoal provided by the present invention prepared using peanut straw can effectively prevent peanut crown rot and peanut root-rot
Disease can improve soil, realize the green prevention and control of peanut disease while improving peanut yield.Also, utilize peanut straw
The charcoal of preparation is environmentally safe, with high efficiente callback utilization that is environmental-friendly, while can realizing peanut straw.
Specific implementation mode
Below by the technical side to charcoal provided in an embodiment of the present invention in the application in preventing peanut root disease
Case is clearly and completely described, it is clear that and described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art institute without making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
1 indoor pot experiment of embodiment
1) select peanut seed " flower educates 20 " as experimental cultivar, each for filling 500g sterilized soil+2g charcoals in examination basin
Mixing compares as 500g sterilized soils.
2) peanut emergence after 7 days with respectively use germ (crown rot, root rot) 106Spore suspension 5ml pouring roots are inoculated with, right
According to being then inoculated with 5ml water.
Each 10 basin is compareed and handles, each pathogen inoculation experiments are repeated 3 times.
Control effect of the 1 potting application charcoal of table to peanut crown rot
Control effect of the 2 potting application charcoal of table to peanut root rot
Results from pot experiment test shows relative to directly being handled with sterilized soil, after charcoal processing peanut bacterial strain is added, bacterial strain
Peanut crown rot incidence be 10.0% (table 1), the incidence of peanut root rot is 6.7% (table 2), illustrates charcoal to flower
Raw crown rot, root rot have apparent control effect.
2 cell of embodiment is tested
Experiment is carried out in Shandong Peanut Inst. Laixi experimental plot, is peanut continuous cropping field, peanut crown rot, root rot
Equal generations are serious.Using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, peanut is per cell 20m2, it is repeated 3 times.Processing is spreaded manuer in holes using charcoal sowing time,
Per cave 5g, 50% 800 times of carbendazim liquid is positive control.Other field management investigate incidence with normal production after 75 days.
Control effect of the 3 cell application charcoal of table to peanut crown rot
Control effect of the 4 cell application charcoal of table to peanut root rot
Field experiment the result shows that, field charcoal handles peanut bacterial strain, and the control effect to peanut crown rot is
65.0% (table 3), the control effect to peanut root rot is 67.5% (table 4), illustrates charcoal to peanut crown rot, root rot
There is apparent control effect, and to crown rot, root rot control effect better than carbendazim processing.
It to sum up can be explained, peanut bacterial strain, either indoor pot handled using the charcoal that the embodiment of the present invention is provided
Or plot experiment, can be shown that it has apparent control effect to crown rot, root rot, compared to chemical prevention, this method is more
It is economical, safely, effectively, is conducive to the sustainable development of peanut cultivation industry.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of application of charcoal in preventing peanut root disease, which is characterized in that the charcoal is existed by peanut straw
Pyrolysis is made under 450-500 DEG C of anaerobic condition.
2. application according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the peanut root disease includes peanut crown rot and peanut
Root rot.
3. application according to claim 1, which is characterized in that addition 2-5g lifes in every planting pot/every cave sterilized soil per jin
Object charcoal.
4. application according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal is by peanut straw in 450-500 DEG C of anaerobism
Under the conditions of pyrolysis be made and specifically include：
Using peanut straw as biomass material, impurity is removed through water washing, dries at 80-100 DEG C after air-drying, then carries out
Broken, sieving is packed into compacting in aluminium box and covers tightly in merging Muffle furnace, is brought rapidly up to 450-500 DEG C and keeps 2-3h, then cold
But it is taken out to room temperature, obtains charcoal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810409607.3A CN108633908B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Application of biochar in prevention and treatment of peanut root diseases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810409607.3A CN108633908B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Application of biochar in prevention and treatment of peanut root diseases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108633908A true CN108633908A (en) | 2018-10-12 |
| CN108633908B CN108633908B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810409607.3A Active CN108633908B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Application of biochar in prevention and treatment of peanut root diseases |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111670627A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-09-18 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Continuous cropping pepper soil improvement method |
| CN113812426A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-21 | 天津科技大学 | Preparation method of garlic straw returning crop root rot control agent and product |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107668086A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-09 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of preparation method for preventing and treating soil-borne disease charcoal |
-
2018
- 2018-05-02 CN CN201810409607.3A patent/CN108633908B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107668086A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-09 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of preparation method for preventing and treating soil-borne disease charcoal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 黄燕等: "生物质炭土壤调理剂的研究进展", 《土壤通报》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111670627A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-09-18 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Continuous cropping pepper soil improvement method |
| CN113812426A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-21 | 天津科技大学 | Preparation method of garlic straw returning crop root rot control agent and product |
| CN113812426B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-11-11 | 天津科技大学 | Preparation method of garlic straw returning crop root rot control agent and product |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108633908B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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