CN108521904A - The breeding method of Paris polyphylla - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the planting technology fields of Paris polyphylla, the breeding method of Paris polyphylla, including selection of land site preparation, Seeds preprocess, digging plantation hole, sowing and earthing are disclosed, is dug between plantation hole step and sowing step, including soil treatment step, soil treatment step includes operating in detail below：A, it digs, collects the soil routed up；B, it sprays water, clear water is sprayed into soil, keep soil softening loose；C, fertilizer is mixed, by fertilizer and soil according to 1:20 ratio uniform mixing, is made fertilizer soil；In earthing step, after earthing, more vertical tubes are plugged around plantation hole, more vertical tubes are distributed around plantation hole, open up perforation on vertical tube, the upper end of vertical tube is pierced by soil surface.Soil treatment step is mixed fertile device using soil and is automatically processed.Can solve solid-state fertilizer using the method for the present invention can not be uniformly distributed, it is difficult to the problem of being rapidly absorbed.

Description

The breeding method of Paris polyphylla

Technical field

The present invention relates to the planting technology fields of Paris polyphylla, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of Paris polyphylla.

Background technology

Paris polyphylla is in nodositas oblate cylindricality, slightly curved song, long 5~12cm, 1.0~4.5cm of diameter, surface yellowish-brown or greyish brown Color, crust falls off, and place is white, and the thick ring grain of close tool stratiform protrusion, a tuberculum faciale is apparent, has oval depressions stem trace on tubercle, Another side has the fibrous root or excipuliform mark of fibrous root of sparsely grow, top to have the residue of scale leaf and stem, and matter is solid, and section is flat, white to shallow Brown, mealiness or cutin, odorless, mildly bitter flavor, fiber crops.

Paris polyphylla happiness is felt nice and cool weather and dark and damp environment, deep with soil layer, loose, fertile, moistening and well-drained when cultivation Sand loam or humus loam preferably, glue the ground of weight and low-lying easy ponding, should not plant, with seed and Propagation of Rhizomes, seed Breeding uses cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, Propagation of Rhizomes to be carried out in harvest.

In the seminal propagation cultivating process of Paris polyphylla, need to apply fertilizer after planting.Existing fertilizing operation, in order to ensure to plant Effective absorption of son all fertilizer, generally use liquid fertilizer are cultivated, but liquid fertilizer has the shortcomings that loss is fast, thus Also someone can use solid fertilizer, can not be uniformly distributed however, solid fertilizer has, is difficult to ensure effective use of fertilizer The shortcomings that be rapidly absorbed, causes fertilizer efficiency poor, wastes fertilizer, influences the cultivate effect of Paris polyphylla.

Invention content

The invention is intended to provide the breeding method of Paris polyphylla, can not be uniformly distributed with solving solid-state fertilizer, it is difficult to be rapidly absorbed The problem of.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：The breeding method of Paris polyphylla, including selection of land site preparation, kind Plantation hole, sowing and earthing are dug in son pretreatment, are dug between plantation hole step and sowing step, also soil treatment step, at soil Reason step includes operating in detail below：

A, it digs, collects the soil routed up；

B, it sprays water, clear water is sprayed into soil, keep soil softening loose；

C, fertilizer is mixed, by fertilizer and soil according to 1:20 ratio uniform mixing, is made fertilizer soil；

In earthing step, after earthing, more vertical tubes are plugged around plantation hole, more vertical tubes are distributed around plantation hole, Perforation is opened up on vertical tube, and the upper end of vertical tube is pierced by soil surface.

The principle and advantage of this programme be：It is by the way of soil treatment, solid fertilizer is uniform by the way of mixing fertilizer It is mixed in soil, so that fertilizer is uniformly distributed in plantation hole with soil, to fertilizer at each position to ensure plantation hole Material effective absorption, and then ensure seed during growth can Omnibearing absorbing to nutrition, promote the normal hair of seed It educates and grows, improve the germination rate of Paris polyphylla.

Vertical tube is plugged around plantation hole, and water conservancy diversion is carried out to fertilizer using more vertical tubes being distributed around plantation hole, is increased Strong fertilizer is conducive to the abundant of fertilizer efficiency in the flow effect of each interlayer of soil to keep fertilizer being uniformly distributed in plantation hole Effective absorption after dissipating and seed being promoted to take root in deep subsoil to nutrition, promotes Paris polyphylla sprout growth.The upper end of vertical tube is equal It is pierced by soil surface so that vertical tube and extraneous air communication, to which extraneous air to be imported to each layer of soil using vertical tube In, on the one hand increase the oxygen content in soil, is conducive to seed aerobic and breathes, on the other hand promote fertilizer efficiency effectively to release by air It puts, enhances the availability of fertilizer.

Preferably, as an improvement, soil treatment step is mixed fertile device using soil and is automatically processed.Utilize soil It mixes fertile device and soil is digged, sprays water and mixed automatically fertilizer, so as to simplify the working procedure that work is cultivated in Paris polyphylla plantation, Plantation is cultivated conducive to the high-volume of Paris polyphylla.

Preferably, as an improvement, it includes car body, the excavator for digging and collecting soil that soil, which mixes fertile device, Structure, the water spraying mechanism for spraying water to soil and the pugmill structure for mixing fertilizer, excavation mechanism, water spraying mechanism and pugmill structure are equal In car body.Car body excavates mechanism, water spraying mechanism and pugmill structure for installing, meanwhile, device is made by the car body of setting Can be mobile in field soil and soil is handled in real time, the kind of treated soil can be directly used for Paris polyphylla between field It plants and cultivates, to ensure the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer, convenient for actual use and reduce hand labor.

Preferably, as an improvement, excavation mechanism includes the eccentric wheel being rotatably arranged in car body, is socketed on eccentric wheel There is a belt, the outside of eccentric wheel is equipped with for excavating soil and transmitting the rocker of soil to pugmill structure, and one end of rocker is stretched out Car body is outer, the other end is rotatably connected in car body, and the middle part of rocker is equipped with belt wheel, and belt is socketed on belt wheel.Eccentric wheel conduct Power output part controls belt and pulls rocker reciprocating swing using the continuous movement at its major diameter end.Rocker is in reciprocating swing During shovel digging can be carried out to soil, and when being tilted to pugmill structure during waving by the soil of excavation to mixing soil Mechanism is toppled over, and the automatic excavation of digging for being achieved in soil collects and is automatically transmitted to handle at Ban Fei mechanisms by soil, It realizes automatically delivering for soil, reduces the workload manually excavated, improve the efficiency of soil treatment.

Preferably, as an improvement, pugmill structure includes mixing olla, fertilizer box and reciprocating control mechanism, is mixed on olla Equipped with into Tu Kou and into Fei Kou, it is used to transmit the soil on rocker to mixing in olla into Tu Kou, is used for into fertile mouth by fertilizer box Interior fertilizer is transmitted to mixing in olla, and reciprocating control mechanism mixes olla reciprocating motion for controlling.Olla is mixed to be passed to rocker It is sent into the soil come and fertilizer that fertilizer box transmission is come in is stirred mixing, to mix olla reciprocal to control for reciprocating control mechanism Movement so that mix olla in the process of reciprocating to soil and the automatic mix of fertilizer.

Preferably, as an improvement, reciprocating control mechanism includes rotation setting and oblique lever, the branch of lever It is connected with torsional spring at point, the low side of lever, which is located at, to be mixed the downside of olla and mix olla bottom and offset, and the high-end outside of lever is equipped with The voussoir of parallelogram like, voussoir include one group of inclined opposite side, tilt opposite side in a line be against lever it is high-end on, It tilts and has cam in the another a line in opposite side.Cam is being against on the bevel edge of voussoir in rotation and push voussoir Another bevel edge of translation, voussoir will push the lever swing to offset so that lever will be mixed on olla and be pushed up；When the major diameter end of cam is remote After voussoir, lever resets and backswing under the action of torsional spring, thus makes to mix olla automatic fall-back under the effect of gravity, such as This control mixes olla and moves back and forth and realize the automatic mix to soil and fertilizer.It is by lever pushing due to mixing when olla moves up The movement of generation, and while falling is the movement occurred under the gravity of itself, thus mix speed and whereabouts that olla moves up Speed have differences, therefore enable to mix olla and do speed change and move back and forth and promote the movement between soil and fertilizer, profit In fertilizer uniform mix in the soil.

Preferably, as an improvement, water spraying mechanism includes water pocket, water pocket and mixes and is connected with sparge pipe between olla, is sprayed Water pipe is equipped with pressure valve, and water pocket and the high-end of lever offset.The water pocket that offsets will be squeezed when lever is swung, in water pocket Pressure increase and pressure valve made to open, sparge pipe is opened as a result, and water is sprayed by sparge pipe and mixed on soil in olla, and Soil is softened and is disperseed, conducive to fully mixing between Soil and Fertilizer, and after ensureing that soil covers seed, seed can be smooth Wear out soil layer germination.And since lever is reciprocally swinging, lever is also intermittent to the extruding of water pocket, so that Water pocket can be intermittent to native in-cylinder water injection is mixed, and on the one hand can prevent water from disposably spraying excessive and making soil in thick State, and then the eupnea of seed is impacted after soil is covered on seed, on the other hand water can be made in soil Uniformly sprayed during movement and conducive to comprehensive softening of soil, and then being sufficiently mixed conducive to fertilizer and soil.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 mixes the structure chart of fertile device for the soil used in the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific implementation mode

Below by specific implementation mode, the present invention is described in further detail：

Reference numeral in Figure of description includes：Car body 1, eccentric wheel 2, rocker 3, belt wheel 4, mix olla 5, casting pipe 6, Fertilizer box 7, defertilizing tube 8, bolt 9, lever 10, voussoir 11, cam 12, water pocket 13, sparge pipe 14, pressure valve 15, filling opening 16, Motor 17, water tank 18, drainpipe 19, chock 20.

The breeding method of Paris polyphylla, operating procedure include：

1, selection of land site preparation chooses the versant that faces south and ploughs deeply soil.

2, Seeds preprocess, selection is full, nothing is gone mouldy, undamaged Paris polyphylla seed will plant after carbendazim soaking disinfection Son, which is placed in nutrition base fluid, to be impregnated；It completes after impregnating, seed is placed in transparent sealed bag and seals sealed bag, waited for Seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.

3, plantation hole is dug, furrow are opened between field, digs plantation hole.

4, soil treatment, including：

A, it digs, collects the soil routed up；

B, it sprays water, clear water is sprayed into soil, keep soil softening loose；

C, fertilizer is mixed, by fertilizer and soil according to 1:20 ratio uniform mixing, is made fertilizer soil；

Soil treatment step is mixed fertile device using soil and is automatically processed, and the soil used in the present embodiment mixes fertile dress It is as shown in Figure 1 to set structure：

Including car body 1, motor 17, excavation mechanism, water spraying mechanism, pugmill structure and watering mechanism are equipped in car body 1.

The drive shaft belt of motor 17 is connected with shaft, and shaft is rotatably connected on by bearing in car body 1, and key connects on shaft It connects and is fixed with driving gear.

For digging and collecting soil, structure includes the eccentric wheel 2 being rotatably arranged in car body 1 for excavation mechanism, eccentric The center of circle position key connection of wheel 2 is fixed with driven gear, and driven gear is engaged with driving gear, and the formed on circular side part of eccentric wheel 2 It is socketed with belt.The outside of eccentric wheel 2 is equipped with rocker 3, and one end of rocker 3 is stretched out outside car body 1, the other end is rotatably connected on car body In 1, the middle part of rocker 3 is equipped with belt wheel 4, and the other end of the belt connected on eccentric wheel 2 is socketed on belt wheel 4.

Water spraying mechanism is used to spray water to soil, and structure includes water pocket 13, and sparge pipe 14, sparge pipe are connected on water pocket 13 14 are equipped with pressure valve 15, and filling opening 16 is additionally provided on water pocket 13, and filling opening 16 is equipped with switch.

Pugmill structure includes mixing olla 5, fertilizer box 7 and reciprocating control mechanism for mixing fertilizer, structure.Fertilizer box 7 is located at The top of olla 5 is mixed, the bottom of fertilizer box 7 is equipped with defertilizing tube 8, bolt 9 is slidably connected in defertilizing tube 8.Bolt 9 is in cone Shape, and the diameter on 9 top of bolt is identical as the caliber of defertilizing tube 8, the diameter of 9 lower part of bolt is less than the caliber of defertilizing tube 8.Water spray The one end of pipe 14 far from water pocket 13 is connected to olla 5 is mixed, and it is matched equipped with the one end being located at rocker 3 in car body 1 to mix olla 5 It is matched into Fei Kou into Tu Kou and with defertilizing tube 8, it is used to transmit the soil on rocker 3 to mixing in olla 5 into Tu Kou, into Fei Kou For transmitting the fertilizer in fertilizer box 7 to mixing in olla 5, reciprocating control mechanism mixes the reciprocating motion of olla 5 for controlling, and mixes 5 interval of olla is against on 9 lower end of bolt and pushes sliding on bolt 9.The bottom for mixing olla 5 is connected with casting pipe 6, and casting pipe 6 is worn It crosses the bottom of car body 1 and extends to outside car body 1, one end that casting pipe 6 is located at outside car body 1 is rotatably connected to valve by unilateral bearing , belt connects between 1 trailing wheel of valve and car body.Reciprocating control mechanism includes rotation setting and oblique lever 10, thick stick Torsional spring is connected at the fulcrum of bar 10, the low side of lever 10 is located at the downside for mixing olla 5 and offsets with 5 bottom of olla is mixed, lever 10 high-end outsides are equipped with the voussoir 11 of parallelogram like, and voussoir 11 includes one group of inclined opposite side, tilts one in opposite side Side be against lever 10 it is high-end on, also key connection has cam 12, cam 12 to be against in the inclination opposite side of voussoir 11 on shaft In another a line.

Mechanism of watering is used to water to seed, and structure includes the water tank 18 being located in car body 1, and water tank 18 is connected with draining The bottom of pipe 19, car body 1 is equipped with slideway, and slideway is connected to drainpipe 19, and the chock 20 of clearance fit, chock are equipped in slideway At 20 connecting portion between slideway and drainpipe 19, drawstring is connected between chock 20 and the bottom end of lever 10.

Motor 17 provides power as the driving source of device for the operation of each mechanism, and shaft is passing the power of motor 17 It send on cam 12 and driving gear and enables cam 12 and driven gear synchronous rotary, to realize pugmill structure and excavate mechanism Synchronous working so that soil has the new soil interval entrance for needing mix to mix olla 5 when mixing in olla 5 by continuous mix It is interior, to ensure that uniform mix can be obtained to mixing the soil transmitted in olla 5 every time, to ensure to mix native effect.Eccentric wheel 2 is used Shovel digging is carried out to soil by the reciprocating motion of rocker 3 to drive rocker 3 to wave, and in rocker 3 to when mixing olla 5 and tilting, Enable soil to slide into automatically along the inclined surface of rocker 3 to mix in olla 5, it is thus achieved that the automatic into soil of olla 5 is mixed.Thick stick Bar 10 realizes the reciprocating motion for mixing olla 5 will mix the intermittently upper top of olla 5 in reciprocally swinging.Voussoir 11 is by cam Lateral movement occurs when 12 extruding and is capable of the high-end of extrusion lever 10 so that 10 automatic swing of lever can control in turn Mix the movement of olla 5.Water pocket 13 is to spray water to mixing in olla 5, and when lever 10 is swung, the high-end of lever 10 will be to water Capsule 13 causes to squeeze and realize water pocket 13 to the process for mixing the water spray of olla 5, while lever 10 swings and chock 20 can be driven to exist It is slided in slideway and is connected to drainpipe 19 with slideway, so that the water in water tank 18 is able to flow into plantation along drainpipe 19 and slideway Plantation hole is poured in hole.

In use, clear water can be filled with into water pocket 13 from filling opening 16 by fertilizer in fertilizer box 7.Start motor 17, Car body 1 is pushed to advance on furrow, the valve on casting pipe 6 is limited by unilateral bearing without being rotated after following car body 1 at this time It is dynamic, therefore casting pipe 6 is in closed state.Motor 17 drives the shaft rotation of belt connection, makes the cam 12 on shaft and active Gear follows rotation, driving gear to push the driven gear rotation of engagement, driven gear that the eccentric wheel 2 being fixedly connected is driven to revolve Turn, the major diameter end of eccentric wheel 2 is constantly against on the upper end of belt and will be pushed up on belt, the lower end of belt band movable belt pulley 4 move up and It enables and being put on rocker 3, behind upper end of the major diameter end of eccentric wheel 2 far from belt, rocker 3 is again put down in the upper end of belt, so real The reciprocating swing of existing rocker 3.One end reciprocally swinging of the rocker 3 outside car body 1 and interval scoops up soil, when rocker 3 is to mixing When olla 5 tilts, the soil scooped up is mixed with entering into Tu Kou on olla 5 is mixed in olla 5 along inclined rocker 3, realizes soil The automatic of earth is passed to.Meanwhile major diameter end during rotation of cam 12 is constantly against on an inclined-plane of voussoir 11, and push Voussoir 11 far from mixing olla 5, another inclined-plane extrusion lever 10 of voussoir 11 it is high-end, make lever 10 occur to swing and enable torsional spring It deforms upon, the low side of lever 10 follows swing and will mix and be pushed up on olla 5, mixes olla 5 and is against on bolt 9 and bolt 9 is pushed to exist Sliding in defertilizing tube 8, generates gap between the lower end and defertilizing tube 8 of bolt 9, the fertilizer in fertilizer box 7 fallen by gap and by Into fertile mouth entering on olla 5 is mixed to mix in olla 5.When the high-end extruding deflection by voussoir 11 of lever 10, water pocket 13 is caused It squeezes and the pressure in water pocket 13 is made to increase, the pressure valve 15 on sparge pipe 14 is opened, and the water in water pocket 13 is by sparge pipe 14 Penetrating is mixed in olla 5 and is spilt to soil, and soil is softened, and conducive to fully mixing between Soil and Fertilizer, while being conducive to seed Sprouting.Then, the major diameter end of cam 12 pushes voussoir 11 multiple far from voussoir 11, the high-end of lever 10 under the action of torsional spring Position, the low side of lever 10 are mixed the automatic whereabouts under the effect of gravity of olla 5, are relied on due to mixing when olla 5 rises far from olla 5 is mixed Be the thrust of lever 10, and what while falling relied on is the gravity of itself, because the speed mixed when olla 5 moves back and forth is deposited In difference, mixes soil in olla 5 and fertilizer relative motion to enable and be able to mix.It mixes after olla 5 falls, turnover panel inclines again It tiltedly and by the soil under shovel is fed again into mix and carries out mix in olla 5, to ensure uniformly to mix between fertilizer and soil.Mix olla 5 Lower backwardness, bolt 9 fall after rise again and are blocked defertilizing tube 8 by the bigger diameter end of itself under the effect of gravity.

Lever 10 during continuous swing, by drawstring pulls chock 20 to be slided in slideway by drainpipe 19 with Connecting portion between slideway is opened, and the water in water tank 18 is expelled to by drainpipe 19 and slideway on furrow, to the plantation hole on furrow into Row pours.

5, it sows, seed is sowed in plantation hole.

6, earthing closes motor 17, and by 1 post-tensioning of car body, 1 trailing wheel of car body drives the valve on casting pipe 6 to turn by belt It moves and opens casting pipe 6, mix in olla 5 and be expelled in plantation hole by casting pipe 6 by the soil of mix, realize to plantation hole Automatic earthing, convenient for Paris polyphylla batch plantation cultivate.More vertical tubes are then plugged around plantation hole, more vertical tubes surround Plantation hole is uniformly distributed, and perforation is opened up on vertical tube, and the upper end of vertical tube is pierced by soil surface.

Several vertical tubes have guide functions to the waste material in soil, can be along vertical tube to soil after fertilizer is dissolved by rainwater The deep layer of earth flows, to reduce the loss of fertilizer.Nutrition is absorbed from each layer soil after taking root conducive to seed, promotes Paris polyphylla Growth.And vertical tube can import extraneous air in soil, both enhanced the oxygen content of soil, the aerobic of seed is promoted to exhale It inhales, and promotes the release of fertilizer efficiency, enhance the availability to waste material.

Using the Paris polyphylla for mixing indigenous method cultivation in the present invention, can not only preferably rudiment take root, and the rudiment of seed Phase is obviously shortened, compared with prior art in the breeding method that directly applies fertilizer after earthing, Paris polyphylla can be promoted to nutriment Effective absorption, and the Paris polyphylla harvested has the advantages that main root stem tuber is big, root is more and grows.

Above-described is only the embodiment of the present invention, the common sense such as well known specific technical solution and/or characteristic in scheme It does not describe excessively herein.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, before not departing from technical solution of the present invention It puts, several modifications and improvements can also be made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all do not interfere with this Invent the effect and patent practicability implemented.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, The records such as the specific implementation mode in specification can be used for explaining the content of claim.

Claims (7)

1. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla, including selection of land site preparation, Seeds preprocess, digging plantation hole, sowing and earthing, which is characterized in that Between the digging plantation hole step and sowing step, also soil treatment step, soil treatment step include operating in detail below：

A, it digs, collects the soil routed up；

B, it sprays water, clear water is sprayed into soil, keep soil softening loose；

C, fertilizer is mixed, by fertilizer and soil according to 1:20 ratio uniform mixing, is made fertilizer soil；

In the earthing step, after earthing, more vertical tubes are plugged around plantation hole, more vertical tubes are distributed around plantation hole, Perforation is opened up on vertical tube, and the upper end of vertical tube is pierced by soil surface.

2. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soil treatment step is mixed using soil Fertile device is automatically processed.

3. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The soil mix fertile device include car body, Excavation mechanism, the water spraying mechanism for spraying water to soil and the pugmill structure for mixing fertilizer for digging and collecting soil, are adopted Digging machine structure, water spraying mechanism and pugmill structure are respectively positioned in car body.

4. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The excavation mechanism includes being rotatably arranged on Eccentric wheel in car body, belt is socketed on eccentric wheel, and the outside of eccentric wheel is equipped with for excavating soil and being passed to pugmill structure The rocker of soil is sent, one end of rocker is stretched out outside car body, the other end is rotatably connected in car body, and the middle part of rocker is equipped with belt wheel, Belt is socketed on belt wheel.

5. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The pugmill structure includes mixing olla, fertilizer Hopper and reciprocating control mechanism are mixed olla and are equipped with into Tu Kou and into Fei Kou, are used for into Tu Kou by the soil on rocker to mixing soil Transmission in cylinder is used to transmit the fertilizer in fertilizer box to mixing in olla into fertile mouth, and reciprocating control mechanism mixes olla for controlling It moves back and forth.

6. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The reciprocating control mechanism includes that rotation is set Set and oblique lever, be connected with torsional spring at the fulcrum of lever, the low side of lever be located at the downside for mixing olla and with mix soil Cylinder bottom portion offsets, and the high-end outside of lever is equipped with the voussoir of parallelogram like, and voussoir includes one group of inclined opposite side, inclination pair A line in side be against lever it is high-end on, tilt opposite side in another a line on have cam.

7. the breeding method of Paris polyphylla according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The water spraying mechanism includes water pocket, water pocket Sparge pipe is connected between olla with mixing, sparge pipe is equipped with pressure valve, and water pocket and the high-end of lever offset.