CN108633664A - The breeding method of radix scrophulariae - Google Patents
The breeding method of radix scrophulariae Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633664A CN108633664A CN201810444819.5A CN201810444819A CN108633664A CN 108633664 A CN108633664 A CN 108633664A CN 201810444819 A CN201810444819 A CN 201810444819A CN 108633664 A CN108633664 A CN 108633664A
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- radix scrophulariae
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the breeding methods of radix scrophulariae, include the following steps, step 1：Selection of land site preparation；Step 2：Ridge is made in leveling；Step 3：Bedding, while holding furrow surrounding gutter successfully, furrow are poured water after carrying out；Step 4：Sieve fine earth；Step 5：Sowing；Step 6：Managing after sowing；Step 7：Transplanting；Step 8：Top dressing applies fertilizer to the radix scrophulariae in growth period with automatic fertilizing apparatus to ensure the nutrition supply of radix scrophulariae, and then accelerates the speed of growth of radix scrophulariae；Step 9：Weeding carries out weeding when growth of seedling is to 8 9cm.The technical program solves existing fertilizer apparatus can destroy fertilizer integrality when stirring fertilizer, and the problem of sustained release requires is not achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radix scrophulariae technical field of cultivation, and in particular to the breeding method of radix scrophulariae.
Background technology
Radix scrophulariae is goatweed, and root has clearing heat and cooling blood, nourishing yin and lessening fire, clearing heat and detoxicating effect, joins the army for heat
It supports, the diseases such as consumption of YIN caused by febrile disease, are one of medicinal herbs most in use of Chinese medicine.Main product is in Xianju, Zhejiang, Hunan Longshan, Chongqing tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches sun, Nanchuan, force
The ground such as grand, Beichuan, Sichuan.Radix scrophulariae is phreatophyte, likes warm and moist weather, drought-enduring cold-resistant.
Radix scrophulariae, to ensure that radix scrophulariae has enough nutrition supplies in growth period, will often apply fertilizer in planting process,
To ensure that the Fertilizer nutrient applied is comprehensive, it will usually plurality of raw materials fertilizer is mixed, then carries out blanking, existing fertilising
Device usually without rabbling mechanism, or even with rabbling mechanism be also by blade rotate carry out fertilizer mixing stir
It mixes, blade, which is stirred, has that fertilizer is blended, and destroys the integrality of fertilizer, can accelerate the speed that comes into force of fertilizer, reach
Less than the requirement of long-acting slow-release.
Invention content
The invention is intended to provide the breeding method of radix scrophulariae, fertilizer can be destroyed when stirring fertilizer to solve existing fertilizer apparatus
Expect integrality, the problem of sustained release requires is not achieved.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows：Include the following steps,
Step 1：Selection of land site preparation selects preceding crop for grass family or the soil of pulse family, sandy soil plant, with plough
Ground machine deep ploughing soil simultaneously applies base manure, per acre 2500 kilograms of manuring or compost；
Step 2：Ridge, the high 35cm in ridge, the wide 50cm in lower part, top width 25cm, the wide 30cm of furrow are made in leveling；
Step 3：Bedding, furrow wide 1.3m, high 25cm, furrow width 42cm, while holding furrow surrounding gutter successfully, furrow are carried out laggard
Row is poured water；
Step 4：Fine earth is sieved, crushing and screening manually is carried out to soil block with sieve, it is spare to obtain fine earth；
Step 5：Sowing, is ditched on ridge, is uniformly sowed seed in ditch by the way of drilling, in step 4
Fine earth after screening covers seed, and one layer of straw of lid or wheat straw above fine earth layer；Convenient for heat preservation, seed is promoted to sprout；
Step 6：Managing after sowing, radix scrophulariae seedling removes straw or wheat straw before coming out, after noticing that moisturizing, seedling all sprout during this period
Thinning 2-3 times；
Step 7：Transplanting is transplanted to crop field when radix scrophulariae rice shoot high 5-6cm, and transplanting 35 × 35cm of process distance between rows and hills is opened
Seedling 1 is put in cave per cave, and the symptom of a trend is upward, and seedling is tiltedly placed in cave, and seedling tail portion keeps smooth, lid scorched clay dust one, earthing
Thick 5cm；Watering is to keep ground moistening after transplanting；
Step 8：Top dressing applies fertilizer to the radix scrophulariae in growth period to ensure the nutrition supply of radix scrophulariae, and then accelerates radix scrophulariae
The speed of growth；
Step 9：Weeding carries out weeding when growth of seedling is to 8-9cm.
The principle and advantageous effect of the technical program are：The technical program during selection of land, select preceding crop for
The soil of grass family or pulse family avoids radix scrophulariae continuous cropping on same soil, applies base manure, ensures the nutritional sufficiency of soil, selects
It selects barnyard manure or compost is more green and healthy, site preparation process makes loosing soil so that aeration is good, is convenient for the root of radix scrophulariae for water
The absorption divided, bedding can so that soil is piled into multiple horizontal stripes inside field after leveling, and horizontal stripe is trapezium structure, in this way may be used
So that moisture is flowed to trapezoidal both sides, the root of radix scrophulariae is avoided ponding occur, in seeding process, the lid rice above seed
Grass or wheat straw promote seed to sprout, and straw or wheat straw realize crop returning to the field convenient for the heat preservation to radix scrophulariae seed, can after corruption
Nutrition supply is carried out to soil, top dressing process can guarantee the nutrition supply of radix scrophulariae seedling growth phase.Using the radix scrophulariae of this programme
Breeding method ensure that the survival rate and yield of radix scrophulariae, avoid radix scrophulariae root to be rotted by flood while ensureing soil moisture, section
It is reasonable to learn.
Further, in step 1 before application base manure one layer of quick lime is spread in soil.Quick lime can carry out disinfection to soil, and
The heat that quick lime generates can also kill the worm's ovum of the pest in soil, prevent radix scrophulariae from being gnawed by pest.
Further, during step 7 transplanting, seedling is rejected bad before transplanting, needs to complete transplanting every other day,
It is planted in wet soil.The growth conditions for rejecting bad certifiable radix scrophulariae are good, if completing transplanting not in one day, temporary planting processing can be kept away
The wilting for exempting from radix scrophulariae rice shoot avoids influencing the growth conditions after radix scrophulariae transplanting.
Further, the Different Transplanting Periods of step 7 are after early spring soil thaws.After early spring thaws, the soil moisture increases, and solves
Soil moisture increases after jelly, avoids radix scrophulariae rice shoot by freeze injury, ensures the growth of rice shoot.
Further, when radix scrophulariae rice shoot grows to pumping flower a kind of sedge, colored a kind of sedge is wiped out in time.Wiping out colored a kind of sedge can make nutrient concentrate on root tuber
Portion promotes root swelling, ensures that radix scrophulariae portion grows fine, further increases yield.
Further, in step 8, top dressing three times is carried out to the radix scrophulariae in growth period, first time topdressing is carried out after neat seedling, works as seedling
35 centimetres high, radix scrophulariae growth carries out second of top dressing when will be transferred to vigorous period, and July, early and middle ten days radix scrophulariae came into bloom, and carries out
Third time top dressing, top dressing process are completed using automatic fertilizing apparatus.It can guarantee radix scrophulariae within entire growth period through multiple top dressing
Nutrition supply.And the fertilizer apparatus in this programme will not destroy the integrality of fertilizer when being mixed to plurality of raw materials fertilizer, it can
Achieve the effect that long-acting slow-release.
Further, first time topdressing applies 800-1000 kilograms of fecaluria per acre, promotes growth of seedling；Second of top dressing is per seedling
1200-1500 kilograms of night soil is applied, 1500 kilograms of barnyard manure promotes the prosperous length of ground plant；Third time top dressing to apply based on phosphorus potash fertilizer,
50 kilograms of ditch spread calcium superphosphate per acre, 300 kilograms of plant ash, apply rear blinding, to promote radix scrophulariae root tuber to expand.Different times it is profound
It is different to join required nutrient, fertilizer is matched according to required nutrient, the growth conditions of radix scrophulariae can be enhanced, the fertilizer of application is
For farm manure, avoids generation agriculture residual, ensure the safety of radix scrophulariae and soil.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of support plate in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view that gear and gear ring are driven in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of shaft and fertilising pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It is further described below by specific implementation mode：
Reference numeral in Figure of description includes：Shell 1, transmission wheel 2, lower hopper 3, support plate 4, annular groove 5, blanking
Hole 6, drive shaft 8, driving gear 9, blanking gear 10, tremie pipe 11, supporting rod 12, drive rod 13, push rod 14, is swung gear ring 7
Disk 15, shaft 16, sleeve 17, fertilising pipe 18, fertilising ball 19, conduit 20.
It is as follows when planting radix scrophulariae using the breeding method of the technical program radix scrophulariae,
Step 1：Selection of land site preparation selects preceding crop for grass family or the soil of pulse family, sandy soil plant, with plough
Ground machine deep ploughing soil simultaneously applies base manure, and 2500 kilograms of manuring or compost, one layer of raw stone is spread before applying base manure in soil per acre
On the one hand ash plays the role of disinfection, on the other hand can kill the worm's ovum of the pest in soil；
Step 2：Ridge, the high 35cm in ridge, the wide 50cm in lower part, top width 25cm, the wide 30cm of furrow are made in leveling；
Step 3：Bedding, furrow wide 1.3m, high 25cm, furrow width 42cm, while holding furrow surrounding gutter successfully, furrow are carried out laggard
Row is poured water；
Step 4：Fine earth is sieved, crushing and screening manually is carried out to soil block with sieve, it is spare to obtain fine earth；
Step 5：Sowing, is ditched on ridge, is uniformly sowed seed in ditch by the way of drilling, in step 4
Fine earth after screening covers seed, and one layer of straw of lid or wheat straw above fine earth layer；Convenient for heat preservation, seed is promoted to sprout；
Step 6：Managing after sowing, radix scrophulariae seedling removes straw or wheat straw before coming out, after noticing that moisturizing, seedling all sprout during this period
Thinning 2-3 times；
Step 7：Transplanting when radix scrophulariae rice shoot high 5-6cm, is transplanted to crop field after early spring soil thaws, will before transplanting
Seedling rejects bad, and transplanting 35 × 35cm of process distance between rows and hills opens cave, puts seedling 1 per cave, the symptom of a trend is upward, and seedling is tiltedly placed on cave
Interior, seedling tail portion keeps smooth, lid scorched clay dust one, earthing thickness 5cm；It needs to complete transplanting every other day, be planted in wet soil, moved
Watering when radix scrophulariae rice shoot grows to pumping flower a kind of sedge, wipes out colored a kind of sedge in time to keep ground moistening after cultivation；
Step 8：Top dressing carries out top dressing three times to the radix scrophulariae in growth period, carries out first time topdressing after neat seedling, chase after for the first time
Fertilizer applies 800-1000 kilograms of fecaluria per acre, promotes growth of seedling；When 35 centimetres of height of seedling, radix scrophulariae growth will be transferred to vigorous period
1200-1500 kilograms of night soil is applied in second of top dressing of Shi Jinhang, second of top dressing per seedling, and 1500 kilograms of barnyard manure promotes to plant on the ground
The prosperous length of strain；July, early and middle ten days radix scrophulariae came into bloom, and carried out third time top dressing, and third time top dressing is to apply based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, ditch per acre
50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate is applied, 300 kilograms of plant ash applies rear blinding, to promote radix scrophulariae root tuber to expand；Top dressing process is used and is applied automatically
Fertile device is completed；
Step 9：Weeding carries out weeding when growth of seedling is to 8-9cm.
The concrete structure of automatic fertilizing apparatus used in above-mentioned steps eight is substantially as shown in Fig. 1, including 1 He of shell
The top of transmission wheel 2, shell 1 is equipped with lower hopper 3, and transmission wheel 2 is rotatably connected on the bottom of shell 1, is fixedly connected in shell 1
Support plate 4, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, support plate 4 is equipped with annular groove 5, and annular groove 5 is equipped with blanking hole 6；4 top of support plate
Shell 1 in be equipped with cutting agency, cutting agency includes the gear ring 7 being fixedly connected in shell 1 and being rotatably connected on support plate 4
The drive shaft 8 at middle part, drive shaft 8 are connected with same driving motor with transmission wheel 2, and the upper end of drive shaft 8 has been fixedly and coaxially connected
Gear 9 is driven, drives and is engaged between gear 9 and gear ring 7 there are three blanking gear 10, blanking gear 10 has been fixedly and coaxially connected
Tremie pipe 11, has been fixedly connected with supporting rod 12 between tremie pipe 11 and drive shaft 8, the top and bottom end of tremie pipe 11 are equipped with
The opening interval of opening, 11 top of tremie pipe offsets with lower hopper 3, and the bottom end of tremie pipe 11 is slidably connected at the ring of support plate 4
In shape slot 5, and the opening interval of 11 bottom end of tremie pipe is aligned with blanking hole 6.
The bottom end of drive shaft 8 passes through support plate 4 and is fixedly connected with drive rod 13, drive rod 13 far from drive shaft 8 one
End is rotatably connected to push rod 14, and the one end of push rod 14 far from drive rod 13 is hinged with swinging disc 15, the shell 1 of 4 lower section of support plate
On be rotatably connected to shaft 16, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 4, gap is socketed with sleeve 17 in shaft 16, and the bottom of sleeve 17 is fixedly connected
There are fertilising pipe 18, the right end of fertilising pipe 18 to be hinged on swinging disc 15, the other end of fertilising pipe 18 is communicated with fertilising ball 19, fertilising
Ball 19 is equipped with multiple fertilization mouthes, applies fertilizer and is communicated with conduit 20 between pipe 18 and blanking hole 6.
Concrete operations when automatic fertilizing apparatus being used to apply fertilizer radix scrophulariae for：Different material fertilizer is respectively placed in first
In different tremie pipes 11, open driving motor, transmission wheel 2 rotates clockwise under the drive of driving motor, drive shell 1 to
It moves right, drive shaft 8 rotates under the drive of driving motor, and the rotation of drive shaft 8 drives the co-axial sliding tooth being fixedly connected
9 rotation of wheel, drive shaft 8 drive the blanking gear 10 being engaged between driving gear 9 and gear ring 7 to rotate by supporting rod 12, under
Expect that gear 10 drives the sliding in the annular groove 5 of support plate 4 of tremie pipe 11, tremie pipe 11 in support plate 4 in sliding process, under
The opening of 11 bottom of expects pipe is overlapped with the feed opening intermittence in support plate 4 in annular groove 5, when 11 bottom of tremie pipe opening with
When feed opening overlaps, the material fertilizer in tremie pipe 11 is flow to along conduit 20 in fertilising pipe 18 from feed opening, in different tremie pipes 11
Material fertilizer with drive shaft 8 rotation can be flow to along conduit 20 fertilising pipe 18 in, and fertilising pipe 18 in mixing.
Drive shaft 8 rotates the drive rod 13 that can also drive its bottom to be fixedly connected and rotates, and drive rod 13 rotates so that and driving
14 reciprocally swinging of push rod that lever 13 is rotatablely connected, since push rod 14 and swinging disc 15 are hinged, and 18 middle part of pipe of applying fertilizer passes through set
Cylinder 17 is movably connected in shaft 16, and the right end of fertilising pipe 18 is hinged on swinging disc 15, and therefore, 14 reciprocally swinging of push rod drives
15 upper and lower reciprocally swinging of swinging disc, so that the right end of fertilising pipe 18 is swung above and below, according to lever principle, fertilising pipe 18 is left
End can also be swung above and below, and when the left end for the pipe 18 that applies fertilizer moves up, each material fertilizer edge fertilising pipe 18 to apply fertilizer in pipe 18 is to the right
Sliding is mixed in sliding process, and when the left end for the pipe 18 that applies fertilizer moves down, fertilizer slides into fertilising ball 19 along fertilising pipe 18
It is interior, and radix scrophulariae planting soil is fallen on the ground by the fertilization mouth on fertilising ball 19, realize automatic fertilization.Three tremie pipes 11 are along ring
One circle of the rotation of shape slot 5, i.e. three kinds of material fertilizers are flow in fertilising pipe 18, and fertilising pipe 18 completes once upper and lower swing so that in three
Material fertilizer is mixed, and when being mixed to different material fertilizer using this fertilizer apparatus, without being stirred, only passes through raw material
Mixing is realized in the sliding of fertilizer, be ensure that the integrality of material fertilizer, that is, be ensure that the permanent slow release effect of fertilizer.
Above-described is only the embodiment of the present invention, the common sense such as well known specific technical solution and/or characteristic in scheme
It does not describe excessively herein.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, before not departing from technical solution of the present invention
It puts, several modifications and improvements can also be made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all do not interfere with this
Invent the effect and patent practicability implemented.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims,
The records such as the specific implementation mode in specification can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (7)
1. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps,
Step 1：Selection of land site preparation selects preceding crop for grass family or the soil of pulse family, is planted in sandy soil, uses ploughing machine
Deep ploughing soil simultaneously applies base manure, per acre 2500 kilograms of manuring or compost；
Step 2：Ridge, the high 35cm in ridge, the wide 50cm in lower part, top width 25cm, the wide 30cm of furrow are made in leveling；
Step 3：Bedding, furrow wide 1.3m, high 25cm, furrow width 42cm, while holding furrow surrounding gutter successfully, furrow are filled after carrying out
Water；
Step 4：Fine earth is sieved, crushing and screening manually is carried out to soil block with sieve, it is spare to obtain fine earth；
Step 5：Sowing, is ditched on ridge, uniformly sows in ditch seed by the way of drilling, sieved in step 4
Fine earth afterwards covers seed, and one layer of straw of lid or wheat straw above fine earth layer；Convenient for heat preservation, seed is promoted to sprout；
Step 6：Managing after sowing, radix scrophulariae seedling remove straw or wheat straw before coming out, and pay attention to thinning after moisturizing, seedling all sprout during this period
2-3 times；
Step 7：Transplanting is transplanted to crop field when radix scrophulariae rice shoot high 5-6cm, and transplanting 35 × 35cm of process distance between rows and hills opens cave, often
Seedling 1 is put in cave, and the symptom of a trend is upward, and seedling is tiltedly placed in cave, and seedling tail portion keeps smooth, lid scorched clay dust one, earthing thick
5cm；Watering is to keep ground moistening after transplanting；
Step 8：Top dressing applies fertilizer to the radix scrophulariae in growth period to ensure the nutrition supply of radix scrophulariae, and then accelerates the growth of radix scrophulariae
Speed；
Step 9：Weeding carries out weeding when growth of seedling is to 8-9cm.
2. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is spread in soil before applying base manure in step 1
One layer of quick lime.
3. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During step 7 transplanting, before transplanting
Seedling is rejected bad, needs to complete transplanting every other day, is planted in wet soil.
4. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The Different Transplanting Periods of step 7 are early spring soil
After defrosting.
5. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When radix scrophulariae rice shoot grows to pumping flower a kind of sedge, in time
Wipe out colored a kind of sedge.
6. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 8, to the radix scrophulariae in growth period into
Row top dressing three times, carries out first time topdressing after neat seedling, and when 35 centimetres of height of seedling, radix scrophulariae growth carries out the when will be transferred to vigorous period
Secondary top dressing, July, early and middle ten days radix scrophulariae came into bloom, and carried out third time top dressing, and top dressing process is completed using automatic fertilizing apparatus.
7. the breeding method of radix scrophulariae according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：First time topdressing applies fecaluria 800- per acre
1000 kilograms, promote growth of seedling；Second of top dressing applies 1200-1500 kilograms of night soil per seedling, and 1500 kilograms of barnyard manure promotes ground
The upper prosperous length of plant；Third time top dressing is to apply based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, 50 kilograms of ditch spread calcium superphosphate per acre, 300 kilograms of plant ash, Shi Hou
Blinding, to promote radix scrophulariae root tuber to expand.
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| CN201810444819.5A CN108633664A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | The breeding method of radix scrophulariae |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112449824A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-03-09 | 郑州云启工业设备技术有限公司 | Automatic and accurate orchard no-tillage fertilization method |
| CN112655493A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-16 | 贵州恒丰豪农业开发有限公司 | Method for reducing plant diseases and insect pests and improving yield in radix scrophulariae planting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112449824A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-03-09 | 郑州云启工业设备技术有限公司 | Automatic and accurate orchard no-tillage fertilization method |
| CN112449824B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-11-09 | 老河口市梁世家古法压榨制油有限公司 | Automatic and accurate orchard no-tillage fertilization method |
| CN112655493A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-16 | 贵州恒丰豪农业开发有限公司 | Method for reducing plant diseases and insect pests and improving yield in radix scrophulariae planting |
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Application publication date: 20181012 |