CN108496500A - A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108496500A CN108496500A CN201810193780.4A CN201810193780A CN108496500A CN 108496500 A CN108496500 A CN 108496500A CN 201810193780 A CN201810193780 A CN 201810193780A CN 108496500 A CN108496500 A CN 108496500A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fertilizing methods of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, belong to Controlled Release Fertilizer applied technical field.It is 2.5~3.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein the dose of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into 105~180kg/hm of pure nutrient nitrogen2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；The fertilization depth of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 10~15cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 0~10cm, and 0cm refers in the underface of highland barley seed.The technical program from fertilizer control release phase length, fertilization depth, fertilizer with a distance from seed, fertilizer amount and fertilization time etc. consider, achieve the purpose that Highland barley production is reasonable, efficiently apply fertilizer, not only effectively improve slow/controlled release utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, increase highland barley yield, the turnover rate of nitrogen can also be effectively controlled, promotion plateau agroecological environment is sustainable, develops in a healthy way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method of slow/controlled release fertilizer more particularly to a kind of fertilising sides of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Method belongs to Controlled Release Fertilizer applied technical field.
Background technology
Highland barley（Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudumHook.f）It is a kind of Cereal work of grass family Hordeum
Object, also known as naked barley, wheat, barley, mainly produced in the high and cold of the height above sea level 1000m~4500m such as Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan
Area.Staple food crop of the highland barley as Tibet region, full of nutrition, deep processing potentiality are big, are numerous food, health products
The important raw and processed materials produced with drinks and some other industrial goods.Highland barley plantation is greatly developed in Tibet, extends highland barley production
Industry chain can not only meet Tibetan's living needs, and can solve the problem of employment of surplus labor, increase peasants and herdsmen's income
While, also improve the integrated production capacity of local farming and animal husbandry, moreover it is possible to promote Agriculture And Animal Husbandry In Tibet to realize great-leap-forward development, safeguard
National unity and social stability.Therefore, to meet above-mentioned purpose, it is necessary to the system of fertilization of the local highland barley plantation reasonably optimizing of research
Degree, effectively utilize and save fertilising cost, solve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio it is low the problems such as, energetically improve highland barley plantation yield with
Benefit.
More than 1,200,000 square kilometres of Tibet whole district land area, mean sea level 4200m, light application time is long, and radiation intensity is big,
Year sunshine time is mostly 3000~3400h, 190~200 kilocalories/cm of solar radiation annual amount2, it is regional far more than east China,
Strong illumination and solar radiation provide good condition to the formation and conversion of crop biological energy source, are provided for high crop yield excellent
Good natural conditions.Although the crop-planting odds for effectiveness index in Tibet is in national highest, the average product of Tibet crop
Relatively low, in addition to farming and management factors, mainly soil fertility level is relatively low, becomes the bottleneck for restricting crop yield.In west
Area is hidden, soil fertility reaches 70% or more to the decisive action of grain-production, and Fertility evolution drastically influences crop improved seeds
The performance of the potentiality such as resource, illumination, water and temperature.
Highland barley is that Tibet region cultivated area is maximum（Account for the 60~70% of grain acreage）, yield at most, distribution it is most wide
Variety of crops, currently, its plantation nitrogenous fertilizer be mostly instant nitrogenousfertilizer（Such as urea）, method of administration is generally using base manure and top dressing
The fertilizing method being combined, base manure are the applications before highland barley is sowed, that is, are deep ploughed after being spread on soil surface before ploughing；Top dressing is in life
It is applied in growth process, is spread fertilizer over the fields before mostly using watering, can in the ranks start application in highland barley, but such fertilization mode utilization rate is low, increased
Produce inefficient.And slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer has " burning " kind rate low, elution loss is few, the advantages such as plant recovery of nutrient height, can profit
Sowing, fertilising are disposably completed with machinery, save a large amount of labour costs.In slow/controlled release fertilizer, slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is the most general
Time, common instant nitrogenousfertilizer is compared, the fertilizer efficiency of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer plays, fertilizer efficiency increase more close with the relationship of its fertilizing method
Potentiality also bigger.But the implementation of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, also exists as follows technical problem：
First, the controlled release phase of selected slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is the principal element of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer Rational Application, and the controlled release phase is too short, is supported
Divide release too fast, the highland barley later stage is easy fertilizer deficiency early ageing, influences yield and quality；The controlled release phase is too long, in highland barley season of growth fertilizer
Nutrients release is slowly and incomplete, and not only fertilizer efficiency utilization rate reduces, and can also influence highland barley growth, reduce yield.Secondly, fertilization depth
It is also another factor for influencing slow/controlled release fertilizer effectiveness, Releasing nutrient needs suitable moisture item to slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer in the soil
Part, in highland barley habitat, different soils depth water content is different, and the nutrient release rate of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is also not quite similar.This
Outside, solution rate is fast in the soil for instant nitrogenousfertilizer, too close more easily initiation fertilizer damages with a distance from seed or root system, and slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Then solves the problems, such as this.
Currently, in highland barley is planted, it is badly in need of a kind of reasonable, the Efficient fertilization method of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, to improve slow/control
The utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer is released, the wasting of resources is reduced, promotes agroecological environment healthy and sustainable development, but there are not related fields also
It reports for work.
State knows that office discloses a kind of publication number CN107285946A on October 24th, 2017, and patent name is a kind of " blueness
The technical solution of highland barley special-purpose control-release fertilizer and its preparation method and application ", it is open：Including fertiliser granulates and it is wrapped in thin on fertilizer
Film clothing, the fertiliser granulates are made of the components of following parts：10~20 parts of urea, 15~30 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), seven water sulphur
2~8 parts of sour zinc, 5~12 parts of potassium sulfate, the film-coating is made of following components：10~15 parts of polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid
12~18 parts of sodium, 1~2 part of starch graft acrylic acid sodium.The preparation method of the invention includes the following steps：Prepare fertiliser granulates,
Prepare film-coating solution, by film-coating solution spraying to fertiliser granulates surface, it is dry to get.It is open on 08 17th, 2011
A kind of publication number CN102150502A, patent name are the technical side of " wheat slow/controlled release High Efficient nitrogen Tree Precise Fertilization method "
Case, it is open：It is 3~4 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, and the fertilization depth of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 11~16 centimetres,
The horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and wheat seed is 0~9 centimetre；Described 0 centimetre refers in the underface of wheat seed；Institute
The dose for stating slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into 6~14 kilograms per acre of pure nutrient nitrogen, is all disposably applied in wheat cultivation
With.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to plant highland barley in altitude environment, from fertilizer control release phase length, fertilization depth, fertilizer with a distance from seed
And fertilizer amount etc. considers, and provides a kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer.Using the technical program, reach
The purpose rationally, efficiently applied fertilizer to Highland barley production not only effectively improves slow/controlled release utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and highland barley yield is promoted to increase,
The turnover rate of nitrogen can also be effectively controlled, ensures that plateau agroecological environment is sustainable, develops in a healthy way.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the following technical solution is proposed：
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 2.5~3.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein
The dose of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into 105~180kg/hm of pure nutrient nitrogen2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；
The fertilization depth of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 10~15cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 0~
10cm, 0 cm refer in the underface of highland barley seed.
Preferably, the controlled release phase of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 2.5~3.0 months, and dose is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen
120~150kg/hm2。
Preferably, the fertilization depth of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 12~15cm；Water of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer from highland barley seed
Flat distance is 0~6cm.
Preferably, 25~45wt% of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content.
Preferably, the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes sulfur-coated urea, paraffin coated carbamide, high polymer film-coated urine
Element, thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and one kind in heat convertible resin coating urea or arbitrary two or more combination.
Preferably, the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes the sulfur-coated urea of 30~35wt of nitrogen content %, wherein sulphur is coated
Account for 15~20 % of mass ratio of core fertilizer urea.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is directly to buy or obtained from producer's order in the market.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using artificial or seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder is existing conventional agriculture
Seeder.
Using the technical program, the advantageous effects brought are：
1）Promote the application and popularization of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and its Tree Precise Fertilization method in highland barley is planted
Slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied to the plantation of plateau highland barley by the present invention for the first time, and is put forward for the first time slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and is applied to height
The Tree Precise Fertilization method of former highland barley plantation.The present invention is from fertilizer control release phase length, fertilization depth, fertilizer with a distance from seed and fertilizer
Dosage etc. considers, and mainly with Highland barley production, rationally, efficiently fertilising is measure, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increases green
For the purpose of highland barley yield, reinforce the introducing and popularization of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer in time, promotes slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer in plateau highland barley is planted
Extensive use, establish the highland barley ecologic planting system of high-yield and high-efficiency；
2）Effectively improve slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nutrientuse efficiency
The present invention fully combines Tibet plateau environmental quality, including：Height above sea level, soil types, rainfall, evaporation capacity and temperature
Etc. factors, propose the technical program, effectively improve slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nutrientuse efficiency.First, slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is mainly
Made of based on organic matter or inorganic matter coating, the nitrogen in fertilizer discharges the micropore relied primarily in film layer in the soil
It realizes, and the moisture of soil and temperature are to influence the principal element of micropore, its moisture of each depth of soil layer and temperature
Difference, the fertilization depth that slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is arranged in the present invention is 10~15cm, has reached the optimum moisture needed for Nitrogen releasing and has contained
Amount and temperature.Secondly, the present invention selects the controlled release phase 2.5~3.5 months, and within the time limit, highland barley can obtain nitrogen effectively
Utilization.Furthermore due to the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed, the degree that nutrient is contacted with highland barley is influenced, in turn
The absorption to nutrient is influenced, and the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 0~10cm, in the distance, highland barley pair
Nutrient has sufficient absorption.The present invention considers from influence factor, and above-mentioned parameter is accurately arranged, hence it is evident that improves slow/control
Utilization rate of the nitrogenous fertilizer in Highland barley production is released, utilization rate improves 4.2~7.1%；
3）Increase highland barley yield
In the present invention, using the fertilizing method of this highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, controlled release phase, the fertilising for effectively optimizing nitrogenous fertilizer are deep
With a distance from highland barley root system etc., the Rational Application of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer can not only improve utilization rate of fertilizer, also can be for degree and fertilizer
Highland barley provides suitable nitrogen nutrition, while improving fertilizer utilization efficiency promotion highland barley growth, hence it is evident that improve highland barley production
Amount, highest yield-increasing efficiency are 8.3%；
4）Save slow/controlled release Nitrogenous fertilizer resources
It is influenced by many factors such as production technologies, the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer yield in China accounts for the ratio of nitrogen application total amount not
Height, slow/controlled release Nitrogenous fertilizer resources are simultaneously few.And the Efficient fertilization method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention, effectively increase it is slow/
The utilization ratio of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer also fully solves the problems, such as that resource is limited；
5）Promote plateau agroecological environment sustainable and healthy development
The fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention, hence it is evident that the utilization rate for improving slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer significantly reduces
Discharge of the nitrogen to environment is an important technique measure of new period protection plateau eco-environment, effectively facilitates plateau agricultural
Ecological environment is sustainable, develops in a healthy way.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of relation of the controlled release phase and fertilizer utilization efficiency of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation of the fertilization depth and fertilizer utilization efficiency of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Fig. 3 is slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer with a distance from highland barley seed and the graph of relation of fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Specific implementation mode
Below by technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described reality
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention to apply example only, instead of all the embodiments（Percentage described in embodiment is quality
Percentage）.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
The all other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Term explanation：
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer refers to meeting China's slow-release or control-release fertilizer professional standard（HG/T3931-2007, on October 1st, 2007 are real
It applies）Slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer.
The controlled release phase of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer refers to according to China's slow-release or control-release fertilizer professional standard（HG/T3931-2007,
On October 1st, 2007 implements）In detection method acquired by the controlled release phase.
The fertilization depth refers to fertilizer with a distance from soil surface.
Highland barley seed depth is usually from 5~7cm of soil surface.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 2.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/control
The dose for releasing nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 105kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogen
The fertilization depth of fertilizer is 10cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 0cm, and 0 cm refers in highland barley kind
The underface of son.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is that artificial application is utilized when highland barley is sowed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 2.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/control
The dose for releasing nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 120kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogen
The fertilization depth of fertilizer is 12cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 2cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder, which is that existing routine is agricultural, to be broadcast
Kind machine.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 3 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/controlled release
The dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 135kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Fertilization depth be 13cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 4cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder, which is that existing routine is agricultural, to be broadcast
Kind machine.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 3 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/controlled release
The dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 150kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Fertilization depth be 14cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 6cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is that artificial application is utilized when highland barley is sowed.
Embodiment 5
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 3.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/control
The dose for releasing nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 180kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogen
The fertilization depth of fertilizer is 15cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 8cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder, which is that existing routine is agricultural, to be broadcast
Kind machine.
Embodiment 6
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 3.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/control
The dose for releasing nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 150kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogen
The fertilization depth of fertilizer is 12cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 10cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder, which is that existing routine is agricultural, to be broadcast
Kind machine.
Embodiment 7
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 2.5 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/control
The dose for releasing nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 145kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogen
The fertilization depth of fertilizer is 13cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 9cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is that artificial application is utilized when highland barley is sowed.
Embodiment 8
A kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is 3 months slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer to select the controlled release phase, wherein slow/controlled release
The dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen 180kg/hm2, the whole one-time use when highland barley is sowed；Slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer
Fertilization depth be 15cm, wherein the horizontal distance of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed is 5cm.
The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is applied using seeder when highland barley is sowed, and seeder, which is that existing routine is agricultural, to be broadcast
Kind machine.
Embodiment 9
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 25wt%.
Embodiment 10
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 27wt%.
Embodiment 11
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 30wt%.
Embodiment 12
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 32wt%.
Embodiment 13
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 35wt%.
Embodiment 14
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 38wt%.
Embodiment 15
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 40wt%.
Embodiment 16
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 43wt%.
Embodiment 17
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content 45wt%.
Embodiment 18
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is paraffin coated carbamide.
Embodiment 19
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is high polymer film-coated urea.
Embodiment 20
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea.
Embodiment 21
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is heat convertible resin coating urea.
Embodiment 22
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is sulfur-coated urea.
Embodiment 23
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is sulfur-coated urea, paraffin coated carbamide and thermosetting resin
The mixing of coated carbamide three.
Embodiment 24
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is sulfur-coated urea, paraffin coated carbamide, high molecular polymer
The mixing of coated carbamide, thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and heat convertible resin coating urea.
Embodiment 25
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes the sulfur-coated urea of nitrogen content 30wt %, wherein sulphur
Coating accounts for 15 % of mass ratio of core fertilizer urea.
Embodiment 26
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes the sulfur-coated urea of 35 wt % of nitrogen content, wherein sulphur
Sulphur is coated 20 % of mass ratio for accounting for core fertilizer urea.
Embodiment 27
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes the sulfur-coated urea of nitrogen content 32wt %, wherein sulphur
Coating accounts for the mass ratio 16% of core fertilizer urea.
Embodiment 28
On the basis of embodiment 1-8：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes the sulfur-coated urea of nitrogen content 34wt %, wherein sulphur
Coating accounts for 18 % of mass ratio of core fertilizer urea.
Comparative example
Nitrogenous fertilizer is common quick-acting urea, and nitrogen content mass ratio is 46.4%, using general fertilizing method, as base manure and top dressing phase
In conjunction with fertilizing method, base manure deep ploughs after being spread on soil surface before arable land, and top dressing is carried out in the ranks in highland barley growth course
Start application.It is converted into pure nutrient nitrogen, comparative example is identical with embodiment 1-28 fertilizer amounts.
The application effect of embodiment 1-28 and comparative example is as follows：
Testing site：Central Tibet（Including Variation in Lhasa River Basin in Tibetan Plateau, Yaluzangbu River Valley and Nianchu river valley）；
Test period：In April, 2015 is in September, 2017；
For trying crop varieties：Dark blue 2000；
Testing site 3670~3890m of mean sea level, belongs to plateau temperate zone arid, semiarid monsoon climate, and annual rainfall 200~
500mm（Precipitation focused mostly in June to September）, 2100~2600mm of annual mean ground temperature, year-round average temperature is 5.9~8.4 DEG C, soil
Earth type is mainly moisture soil.By sampling analysis, experimental field soil nutrient average content is as shown in table 1 below（Table 2 is soil nutrient
Content grade scale）, fertility is in medium level.
Dark blue 2000 main point technology at planting：（1）Variety selection.Seed cleaning is carried out before broadcasting, selected rate will reach 100%,
Seed quality will reach seed grading standard two level or more.Purity is not less than 95%, and cleanliness is not less than 96%, and germination percentage is not less than
95%, seed moisture content is not higher than 14%, will carry out primary manual grain-by-grain seed selection to seed before planting.（2）Broadcast preceding preparation.The selection back of the body
Wind, on the sunny side, water source is convenient, topography is high and dry and highland barley experimental plot is made in excessively drained field.（3）It plows.After preceding crop harvest,
Deep ploughing in time retains autumn rain, increases autumn moisture in the soil, is acted on by winter and spring soil freezing-thawing, improves soil aggregate structure.Hereafter it arrives again
Before next year sows in spring, the depth combines, shallow after first depth, repeatedly ploughs rake a kind of farm tools in time, breaking down particles make prepartion of land, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower.
Ensure that soil moisture content soil color on 15~20%, sense organ is deeply dark, hand can pinch into agglomerate, and there are wet prints on hand, pinch agglomerating
Soil block throw after can be crushed, be the best soil moisture content of soil, be suitable for sowing.（4）Sowing.Machine sowing mode, sowing are carried out in sowing time
Amount is dark blue 2000 seed 18g/m2；Line-spacing 15cm is sowed, the uniline amount of sowing is adjusted to 60/m.（5）Field management.After planting,
It was found that soil drought, suppression is primary, is emerged with profit.The disconnected ridge that is short of seedling is found after emergence, should be reseeded in time, ensures that full stand seedling is even.It broadcasts
40d after kind, i.e. one heart stage of four leaf, Guan Toushui then pour a water every 15d, and until rainy season set, the later stage is carried out anti-
, it drains flooded fields.Highland barley carries out first time field intertillage in one heart stage of four leaves and loosens the soil, and goes out except weeds in field；Second is carried out before jointing
Secondary intertillage is hoed up weeds；In the highland barley jointing later stage to the big strain weeds such as wild oat grass, sarson, pull out in time.
Implement the fertilizing method of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and existing common nitrogenous fertilizer in the technical program respectively（Select nitrogen content be
46.4% common quick-acting urea）General fertilizing method, highland barley yield, utilization rate of fertilizer are compared, obtained a result as follows
Shown in table 3：
Implement the embodiment 1-28 in the technical program and comparative example respectively, then highland barley yield, utilization rate of fertilizer be compared,
It obtains a result as shown in table 4 below：
One, the controlled release phase of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and the relationship of fertilizer utilization efficiency
Selection slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is sulfur-coated urea, the mass ratio that coatings account for core fertilizer urea is 15% respectively, 16%,
18%, 20%, 25%, the corresponding controlled release phase is 2 months, 2.5 months, 3 months, 3.5 months, 4 months.It is slow/control with abscissa
Release the controlled release phase of nitrogenous fertilizer（Unit：Month）, ordinate is the utilization rate of fertilizer of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer（Unit：%）Obtain following Fig. 1 institutes
Show result.
Two, the relationship of the fertilization depth of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and fertilizer utilization efficiency
It is the sulfur-coated urea of nitrogen content 32%, 2.5 months controlled release phases to select slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer.Using abscissa as fertilization depth
（Unit：cm）, ordinate is the utilization rate of fertilizer of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer（Unit：%）, obtain and be illustrated in fig. 2 shown below result.
Three, slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is with a distance from highland barley seed and the relationship of fertilizer utilization efficiency
It is the sulfur-coated urea of nitrogen content 32%, 2.5 months controlled release phases to select slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer.Using abscissa as slow/controlled release
Horizontal distance of the nitrogenous fertilizer from highland barley seed（Unit：cm）, ordinate is the utilization rate of fertilizer of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer（Unit：%）, obtain
Go out to be illustrated in fig. 3 shown below result.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fertilizing method of highland barley slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Select the controlled release phase be 2.5~3.5 months it is slow/
Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, wherein the dose of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is converted into 105~180kg/hm of pure nutrient nitrogen2, when highland barley is sowed
Whole one-time uses；The fertilization depth of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is 10~15cm, wherein the water of slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and highland barley seed
Flat distance is 0~10cm, and 0 cm refers in the underface of highland barley seed.
2. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The controlled release phase of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer be 2.5~
3.0 months, dose was converted into 120~150kg/hm of pure nutrient nitrogen2。
3. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilization depth of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer be 12~
15cm；Horizontal distance of the slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer from highland barley seed is 0~6cm.
4. according to the fertilizing method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer is nitrogenous
Measure 25~45wt%.
5. according to the fertilizing method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes
Sulfur-coated urea, paraffin coated carbamide, high polymer film-coated urea, thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea and thermosetting resin packet
One kind in film urea or arbitrary two or more combination.
6. according to the fertilizing method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer includes
The sulfur-coated urea of 30~35 wt % of nitrogen content, wherein sulphur is coated 15~20 % of mass ratio for accounting for core fertilizer urea.
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| CN202110665726.7A CN113303182A (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2018-03-09 | Highland barley cultivation method in plateau area |
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| CN109804747A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of wheat slow-release fertilizer fertilizing method |
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