CN108476904A - A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery - Google Patents
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476904A CN108476904A CN201810344172.9A CN201810344172A CN108476904A CN 108476904 A CN108476904 A CN 108476904A CN 201810344172 A CN201810344172 A CN 201810344172A CN 108476904 A CN108476904 A CN 108476904A
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- sugarcane
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- simple bud
- suitable planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to sugarcane kind Cultivating techniques field, the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of especially a kind of suitable planting with machinery includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) kind is cut；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；Sugarcane kind can be both saved using the method for the present invention, reduces planting cost, and can be mitigated and daily be managed and protected pressure, raising planting income, moreover it is possible to promote sprouting of seed cane rate and diseases and insect pests resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sugarcane kind Cultivating techniques field, the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering side of especially a kind of suitable planting with machinery
Method.
Background technology
Sugarcane has large area plantation in areas such as Guangxi China, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, and plantation is suitble to be filled in sunlight
The big place of foot, summer in the winter temperature difference is the raw material for manufacturing sucrose.For a long time, due to the spy of sugarcane vegetative propagation and perennial root cultivation
Property, mainly take the planting type of double bud seedlings, but conventional manual plants, through site preparation, subsoiling of deep ploughing, open planting ditch, cut kind, under
Kind, basal dressing, herbicide spraying, covering mulch and etc., the sugarcane kind of field planting is selected from reserving seed for planting, easily by various pathogeny objects
It infects repeatedly, kind of a sexual involution, resistance is caused to reduce, it is final to influence to be exactly that yield and quality declines, influence sugarcane grower's income.Machinery
Although plantation largely solves the problems, such as that labour needed for artificial growth is more, it still remains more structural problem
It can not solve, if the various sexual involutions of sugarcane, resistance reduce, caused yield and quality declines problem；Due to cutting kind of a formula kind in real time
The technical characterstic of plant machine, cause its generally existing it is high to seedling quality requirement, sowing quantity is big, seedling spacing is uneven, easy broadcast leakage,
The problems such as easily hindering bud.
Also, it is at present to cut kind of a formula planting machine in real time using more sugarcane planting machine, when operation need to be by whole stalk sugarcane kind
It is fed to cutting implement, is placed in the ditch outputed after being cut into sugarcane section, this, which allows for the sugarcane kind that lodging is distorted, can not feed cutting implement,
Result in the waste of sugarcane kind；Due to taking the mode of arbitrarily cutting seedling to be planted, it is inevitably generated and incised injury occurs
Bud phenomenon, and operation line-spacing can only be determined by the technical merit and operation attitude of driver, therefore easily cause line-spacing, spacing
Non-uniform phenomenon；Further, since whole stalk sugarcane kind size, length equal-specification disunity, are easy card type in intake mechanism, it is easy
There is the problem of broadcast leakage.
Patent No. CN201611028242.7 discloses a kind of method that uniline simple bud cane stalk kind wide-and narrow-row set is cultivated peanut,
Include the following steps：(1) every year, March at the beginning, after ploughing whole soil, replaces trench digging by wide row space with small line-spacing by the end of February；(2) accurate
Standby sugarcane kind；(3) neat being placed in ditch of sugarcane kind is formed into single sugarcane bud；(4) it uniformly applies fertilizer in ditch；(5) it sprays
Insect-proof agent；(6) hack backfills；(7) preemergence herbicide is sprayed after cane planting；(8) stablize 15 DEG C or more again in temperature, big
Three row peanuts are planted using traditional handicraft in line-spacing, and carry out Routine Management；(9) it is earthed up twice to sugarcane, in Qi Miaohou
Peanut vine is returned the big ridging in field after harvesting peanut by top dressing soil dressing, and sugar-cane herbicide is sprayed in two days and closes weeding；(10) it presses normal
Technological means is advised, according to disease pest information, in time spray prevention.The sugarcane kind dosage of the present invention is small, is conducive to mechanized operation management,
The income that peanut is brought to sugarcane grower is also added while ensureing sugarcane yield, but still cannot solve seedling easily by various pathogenies
Object infects repeatedly, the problem of leading to kind of a sexual involution, influencing sugarcane yield and quality and emergence rate problem.
Therefore, the present inventor provides new approaches to solve problems with for cane planting：1, traditional planting patterns is solved
Consumption kind measures big problem；2, solve the problems, such as that traditional planting patterns emergence rate is low；3, traditional planting patterns is solved because by various diseases
Source object infects repeatedly, the problem of leading to kind of a sexual involution, influence sugarcane yield and quality；4, tradition machinery planting patterns is solved to kind
Seedling quality requirement is high, seedling spacing is uneven, easy broadcast leakage, the problem of easily hindering bud；5, traditional artificial and planting with machinery mode kind is solved
Plant problem of high cost.
Invention content
In order to solve above-mentioned problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of sugarcane simple bud seedlings of suitable planting with machinery
Breeding method.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains 3cm's long
Bud section is as seed.
Further, the seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid.
Further, the seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：4-7%CaCl2, 0.7-1.2% it is more
Bacterium spirit, 1-4% formalin solutions, 0.08-0.13% enemy's power take off, surplus is water.
Further preferably, the seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, bacterium more than 1%
Spirit, 2% formalin solution, 0.1% enemy's power takes off, surplus is water.
Further, the carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%.
Further, a concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution.
Further, it is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,.
Further, the seed soaking, temperature are 28-35 DEG C.
Further, the package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch.
Further, the seedling medium is by loess and river sand by (2.8-4):1 weight ratio mixes.
Further preferably, the seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes.
Further, the loess crosses 20-30 mesh sieve.
Further, the river sand crosses 40-50 mesh sieve.
Further, the mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance.
The plantation covers or does not cover mulch.
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, specifically comprises the following steps：
1) introduces a collection is selected：Select new choosing, without the full sugarcane simple bud of insect pest, bud point as introduces a collection；
2) kind is cut：Each 1.5 centimeters cut-out of bud point upper and lower side retains the bud section of 3 centimeter lengths as seed, remaining sugarcane section
Between sell into sugar refinery or from squeeze sugarcane juice；
3) it soaks seed：The sugarcane seed cut is impregnated into 8-10min in seed-soaking liquid, pull out to after not dripping dry it is spare；
4) it wraps up：Seedling medium is squirted, is wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then is wrapped up with two layers of mulch, mulch
In advance 4-6 hole is pricked out with awl；
5) it plants；
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
The present invention uses sugarcane simple bud seedling, reduces the incidence of pest and disease damage, improves emergence rate, and simple bud seedling is only
Take the bud section of the total 3cm long of bud point upper and lower end, internode part that can sell the economic benefit for improving sugarcane into sugar refinery, in addition, making
In terms of standby simple bud seedling stem, it is only necessary to cut kind, seed soaking, package can both plant, step is simple.
The present invention helps to ensure seeding ratio by reasonably selecting introduces a collection.In conjunction with the bud section for retaining 3 centimeter lengths
As seed, nutriment can be provided for seed bud and saved sugarcane kind again.
The present invention not only excites seed vitality, but also play sterilization functions by the effect of seed-soaking liquid, helps to improve kind
Sub- emergence rate and healthy rate.
The present invention is wrapped up with mulch, has both ensured seed intensity so that it is not loose during transport and planting with machinery, again
Ensure that seed can puncture outer layer covers in growth course, and mulch can also improve soil texture in field natural degradation.
Using seedling fostering method of the present invention, main effect is embodied in：
1. saving sugarcane kind：Conventional manual plants sowing quantity per mu and reaches 0.6-0.8 tons/mu, and kind is used in conventional mechanical plantation
Amount reaches 0.8-1 tons/mu；And seedling mu of the present invention only needs 2000-4000 sugarcane bud, sowing quantity to reach 0.05-0.1 tons/mu.Both it saved
Sugarcane kind, and improve into factory's sugarcane amount；For example, 2016/2017 squeezes season, about 12,400,000 mu of Guangxi sugarcane acreage, wherein
7,630,000 mu of stubble cane, 4,770,000 mu of new plant cane, if the method for all taking simple bud seedling to plant, can save sugarcane kind amount 2,620,000-
4300000 tons, sugarcane kind price is saved economic benefit and is reached hundred million yuan of 26.2-43 by 1000 yuan/ton of calculating.
2. improving emergence rate：Improve emergence rate 15%-20%.Leifsonia cultivation typically planting in 1 year, 2-5 perennial roots,
In the raising of planting link emergence rate, increased economic benefit is that macroscopic view is visible.
3. pressure is managed and protected in mitigation：Pathogenic fungus is eliminated in planting link, it is ensured that seed health reduces disease incidence,
It can mitigate significantly and manage and protect pressure during sugarcane production.
4. suitable planting with machinery：The seedling specification size of the present invention is unified, without cutting kind, can feed kind and not card type automatically,
Solve the problems, such as that cutting kind of a formula planting machine in real time exists.
5, planting cost is reduced：It it is 600 yuan/ton according to sugarcane introduces a collection unit price, by simple bud plantation and traditional artificial plantation, machine
The cost of tool plantation is compared, and the results are shown in Table 1：
Table 1
Table 1：Cane planting Cost comparisons' table
Specific implementation mode
Further solution is made to the technical solution of the invention with reference to specific embodiment and experimental example
It releases and illustrates, in order to which those skilled in the art fully understand the invention, but the explanation and illustration, it is not to this
The further restriction of innovation and creation technical solution, on the basis of the innovation and creation, the replacement for the simple numerical value made and
The improved technical solution of general adjustment, belongs to the protection domain of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；
The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；
The seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid；
The seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：7%CaCl2, 1.2% carbendazim, 4% formalin
Liquid, 0.13% enemy's power are de-, surplus is water；
The carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%；
A concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution；
It is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,；
The seed soaking, temperature are 35 DEG C；
The package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch；
The seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 4:1 weight ratio mixes；
The loess crosses 30 mesh sieve；
The river sand crosses 50 mesh sieve；
The mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance；
The plantation covers mulch.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；
The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；
The seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid；
The seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：4%CaCl2, 0.7% carbendazim, 1% formalin
Liquid, 0.08% enemy's power are de-, surplus is water；
The carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%；
A concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution；
It is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,；
The seed soaking, temperature are 28 DEG C；
The package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch；
The seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 2.8:1 weight ratio mixes；
The loess crosses 20 mesh sieve；
The river sand crosses 40 mesh sieve；
The mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance；
The plantation, does not cover mulch.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；
The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；
The seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid；
The seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, 1% carbendazim, 2% formalin
Liquid, 0.1% enemy's power are de-, surplus is water；
The carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%；
A concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution；
It is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,；
The seed soaking, temperature are 30 DEG C；
The package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch；
The seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes；
The loess crosses 25 mesh sieve；
The river sand crosses 45 mesh sieve；
The mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance；
The plantation, does not cover mulch.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；
The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；
The seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid；
The seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, 1% carbendazim, 2% formalin
Liquid, 0.1% enemy's power are de-, surplus is water；
The carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%；
A concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution；
It is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,；
The seed soaking, temperature are 35 DEG C；
The package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch；
The seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes；
The loess crosses 28 mesh sieve；
The river sand crosses 50 mesh sieve；
The mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance；
The plantation, does not cover mulch.
Embodiment 5
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) it cuts
Kind；3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；
The kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retains the bud section of 3cm long as seed；
The seed soaking is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid；
The seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, 1% carbendazim, 2% formalin
Liquid, 0.1% enemy's power are de-, surplus is water；
The carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%；
A concentration of the 10% of the formalin solution；
It is 250 grams per liters that enemy's power, which takes off active constituent content,；
The seed soaking, temperature are 29 DEG C；
The package is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch；
The seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes；
The loess crosses 20 mesh sieve；
The river sand crosses 43 mesh sieve；
The mulch pricks out 4-6 hole with awl in advance；
The plantation covers mulch.
Embodiment 6
A kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, specifically comprises the following steps：
1) introduces a collection is selected：Select new choosing, without the full sugarcane simple bud of insect pest, bud point as introduces a collection；
2) kind is cut：Each 1.5 centimeters cut-out of bud point upper and lower side retains the bud section of 3 centimeter lengths as seed, remaining sugarcane section
Between sell into sugar refinery or from squeeze sugarcane juice；
3) it soaks seed：The sugarcane seed cut is impregnated into 10min in seed-soaking liquid, pull out to after not dripping dry it is spare；Its
In, seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, 1% carbendazim, 2% formalin solution, 0.1% enemy
Power is de-, surplus is water；
4) it wraps up：Seedling medium is squirted, is wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then is wrapped up with two layers of mulch, mulch
In advance 4-6 hole is pricked out with awl；Wherein, seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes；
5) it plants.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery, includes the following steps：1) introduces a collection is selected；2) kind is cut；
3) it soaks seed；4) it wraps up；5) it plants；It is characterized in that, the kind of cutting is to take to cut off at 1.5cm respectively in bud point upper and lower end, retain
The bud section of 3cm long is as seed.
2. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed soaking
It is that every batch of impregnates 3000 seeds with seed-soaking liquid.
3. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the seed soaking
Liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：4-7%CaCl2, 0.7-1.2% carbendazim, 1-4% formalin solutions, 0.08-
0.13% enemy's power is de-, surplus is water.
4. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Seed-soaking liquid is made by weight percentage of following raw material：5%CaCl2, 1% carbendazim, 2% formalin solution, 0.1% enemy power
De-, surplus is water.
5. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as described in claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that described
Carbendazim is the wettable powder of active constituent content 50%.
6. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as described in claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that described
A concentration of the 10% of formalin solution.
7. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as described in claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that described
It is 250 grams per liters to oppose power to take off active constituent content.
8. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the package
It is to be wrapped sugarcane seed with seedling medium, then wrapped up with two layers of mulch.
9. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the nursery
Matrix is by loess and river sand by (2.8-4):1 weight ratio mixes.
10. the sugarcane simple bud seedling fostering method of suitable planting with machinery as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that described
Seedling medium is by loess and river sand by 3:1 weight ratio mixes.
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Application publication date: 20180904 |