CN108455004A - 包装材料和提供包装材料的方法 - Google Patents

包装材料和提供包装材料的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108455004A
CN108455004A CN201810126370.8A CN201810126370A CN108455004A CN 108455004 A CN108455004 A CN 108455004A CN 201810126370 A CN201810126370 A CN 201810126370A CN 108455004 A CN108455004 A CN 108455004A
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China
Prior art keywords
hole
laminated
packaging
advance
packaging material
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CN108455004B (zh
Inventor
加博·本科
安德斯·K·古斯塔夫松
保罗·达加德
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Priority to CN202211179948.9A priority Critical patent/CN115557048A/zh
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及包装材料和提供包装材料的方法。提供了一种包装材料，其包括具有芯材料层(20)并具有用于形成包装(1)的面的多个界定区域(11a‑g)的层压件。至少一个界定区域(11g)被设置有至少一个预先层压的孔(5)和与所述预先层压的孔(5)相邻布置的至少一个压缩特征(30)。所述至少一个特征(30)包括沿着所述预先层压的孔(5)的所述周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线(30a‑f，30j)。

Description

包装材料和提供包装材料的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包装材料，尤其涉及一种具有至少一个预先层压的孔的包装材料。本发明还涉及用于提供这种包装材料的方法，以及由包装材料形成的包装。
背景技术
通常已知使用基于纸板的包装材料来形成产品容器，例如用于封装和储存液体食物的容器。
为了确保最终包装的所需质量，例如就食品安全性和完整性而言的所需质量，包装材料可以包含不同的层。举例而言，包装材料可以包括纸或纸板芯层，其中在纸或纸板芯层一侧上施加至少一种聚合物组合物或层以构成最终包装的外表面，并且相对侧或内侧上施加聚合物组合物或层。内侧上的聚合物组合物在一些情况下可以设有保护膜(如铝)；聚合物组合物因此通常还包括与将包含在最终包装中的产品接触的外层。通常，将另外的聚合物组合物施加到保护膜上，以避免包装中包含的食物与保护层本身之间的直接接触，从而防止食物润湿层压件中的铝和其它层。
由上述包装材料形成的产品容器可以设置有预先层压的孔，例如，以便于在使用时通过预先层压的孔插入包装中的吸管的使用。在孔处，芯层缺失，使得只有任选地可以包括夹在其间的保护膜的外聚合物层和内聚合物层覆盖该孔。
在制造这种包装材料的过程中，通过在芯层中冲孔来处理芯层，然后在一个或多个步骤中进行层压。这个过程通常被称为“转变”。
通过使用通常包括多个连续处理站的填充机进行单个产品容器或包装的形成和填充。例如，填充机可以具有用于接收包装材料幅材的进料站，用于给包装材料幅材杀菌的杀菌站，管形成站(在该站通过密封包装材料幅材的侧边缘而将幅材连续地形成为管)，用于用产品填充管的填充站，用于向管提供横向密封并且用于从上游管切割密封的包装的密封站，以及用于将包装成形为其最终形状的最终折叠站。
填充机的另一示例使用预先制成的坯件来形成单个的包装。
预先层压的孔通常布置在最终包装的上部，位于在上端的一个边缘和上横向密封部之间延伸的区域。由于预先层压的孔引起包装材料的局部弱化，因此存在这样的风险：包装的上部将在预先层压的孔附近不期望地起皱。在包装的密封和/或最终成形期间会发生任何褶皱，这意味着在生产期间尤其是由于填充机的生产速度非常高，在调节或微调这些填充机站的操作方面存在有限的可能性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是至少部分地克服现有技术的一个或多个上述限制。具体地说，其目的是在密封和/或形成包装期间减少在包装材料的预先层压的孔附近形成褶皱。
本发明的一个方面是一种包括具有芯材料层的层压件的包装材料，并且所述包装材料具有用于形成包装的面的多个界定区域。至少一个界定区域被设置有至少一个预先层压的孔和与所述预先层压的孔相邻布置的至少一个压缩特征。所述至少一个特征包括沿着所述预先层压的孔的所述周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线。
所述界定区域可以用于形成所述包装的上端。优选地，所述预先层压的孔用于形成所述包装的吸管孔，由此，吸管孔位于顾客容易接近的区域。
所述至少一个压缩特征可以布置在离所述预先层压的孔10mm以内，例如在0-6mm内。测试表明，预先层压的孔与压缩特征之间的这种距离大大减少了最终包装中褶皱的形成。
所述至少一个压缩特征通过压凸(embossing)、压凹(debossing)或压缩(compression)形成。
参考上述至少一条线，其可以是直的，并且两条直线可以在所述预先层压的孔的相对侧上延伸。
所述至少一条线可以是弯曲的，并且两条曲线可以在所述预先层压的孔的相对侧上延伸。
每条曲线可以在所述预先层压的孔的周边(periphery)的30°和150°之间延伸。
所述曲线可以形成沿着所述预先层压的孔的整个周边延伸的圆形线。
所述至少一个特征可以包括从所述预先层压的孔的周边并径向远离所述预先层压的孔延伸的至少一条线。
根据第二方面，提供了一种包装。所述包装包括根据第一方面所述的包装材料，其中所述包装材料通过密封件封闭以形成封闭的包装。
根据第三方面，提供了一种用于提供包装材料的方法，所述方法包括：提供具有至少一个孔的芯材料层，层压所述芯材料层以形成具有预先层压的孔的层压包装材料，以及在所述芯材料层被设置有至少一个孔之前或之后，提供与所述预先层压的孔相邻的至少一个压缩特征。所述至少一个特征包括沿着所述预先层压的孔的周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线。
具体而言，本发明的一些方面可以阐述如下：
1.一种包装材料，其包括具有芯材料层(20)并具有用于形成包装(1)的面的多个界定区域(11a-g)的层压件，其中至少一个界定区域(11g)被设置有至少一个预先层压的孔(5)和与所述预先层压的孔(5)相邻布置的至少一个压缩特征(30)，其中所述至少一个特征(30)包括沿着所述预先层压的孔(5)的所述周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线(30a-f，30j)。
2.根据条款1所述的包装材料，其中，所述界定区域(11g)用于形成所述包装(1)的上端(3)。
3.根据条款1或2所述的包装材料，其中所述预先层压的孔(5)用于形成所述包装(1)的吸管孔。
4.根据前述条款中任一项所述的包装材料，其中，所述至少一个压缩特征(30)布置在离所述预先层压的孔(5)10mm以内，例如在0-6mm内。
5.根据前述条款中任一项所述的包装材料，其中，所述至少一个压缩特征(30)通过压凸、压凹或压缩形成。
6.根据条款5所述的包装材料，其中所述至少一条线(30a-b)是直的。
7.根据条款6所述的包装材料，其包括在所述预先层压的孔(5)的相对侧上延伸的两条直线(30a-b)。
8.根据条款5所述的包装材料，其中所述至少一条线(30c-f，30j)是弯曲的。
9.根据条款8所述的包装材料，其包括在所述预先层压的孔(5)的相对侧上延伸的两条曲线(30c-d)。
10.根据条款8或9所述的包装材料，其中每条曲线(30c-d，30f)在所述预先层压的孔(50)的周边的30°和150°之间延伸。
11.根据条款8或9所述的包装材料，其中，所述曲线(30e，30j)形成沿着所述预先层压的孔(50)的整个周边延伸的圆形线。
12.根据条款1至5中任一项所述的包装材料，其中，所述至少一个特征(30)包括从所述预先层压的孔(5)的周边并径向远离所述预先层压的孔(5)延伸的至少一条线(30g-i)。
13.一种包装(1)，其包括根据前述条款中任一项所述的包装材料(10)，其中所述包装材料(10)通过密封件(12，14)封闭以形成封闭的包装(1)。
14.一种用于提供包装材料(10)的方法，其包括：
-提供具有至少一个孔的芯材料层(20)，
-层压所述芯材料层(20)以形成具有预先层压的孔(5)的层压包装材料(10)，以及
-在所述芯材料层(20)被设置有至少一个孔之前或之后，提供与所述预
先层压的孔(5)相邻的至少一个压缩特征(30)，其中所述至少一个
压缩特征(30)包括沿着所述预先层压的孔(5)的周边的至少一部分
延伸的至少一条线(30a-f，30j)。
根据以下详细描述以及附图还将显示本发明技术方案的其他目的、特征、方面和优点。
附图说明
现在将参照所附的示意图以示例的方式描述本发明的实施方式。
图1是包装的等距视图；
图2是包装材料的横截面视图，
图3是包装的上端的俯视图，
图4是根据一个实施方式的包装的上端的俯视图，
图5a是根据一实施方式的包装的上端的横截面视图，
图5b是根据一个实施方式的包装的上端的横截面视图，
图6a-f是根据各种实施方式的包装的上端的俯视图，和
7a-c是根据多种实施方式的用于提供包装材料的方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，示出了包装1的示例。包装1代表称为Tetra 的市售液体食品包装。从图1中可以看出，包装1包括相对平坦的上端3，该上端3设有吸管孔5。吸管孔5如后面将要解释的那样由用于生产包装1的包装材料10的预先层压的孔形成。
上端3代表包装材料10的多个界定区域11a-f中的一个。每个界定区域11a-f将用于形成由包装材料10制成的包装1的面。应当理解的是，并非所有的界定区域11a-f都在图1中示出，并且每个区域11a-f可以例如通过折痕线从相邻区域11a-f界定。
包装1由包装材料10幅材形成，该包装材料10幅材通过将包装材料10的纵向边缘彼此密封而形成管。纵向密封12在图1中可以看到沿着上端3延伸，但是很明显，纵向密封12沿着整个包装1延展。当管充满其预期的内容物时，包装1通过提供顶部和底部的横向密封被密封并从管中切割出来。在图1中，仅示出了顶部横向密封件14。为了最终成形，将两个上翼片16a、16b折叠并连接到包装1的主体18。虽然未示出，但底端的最终形状以类似的方式实现，尽管翼片向内折叠。包装1的最终成形优选通过使用折痕线制成。
在图2中，更详细地示出了用于生产包装1的包装材料10。横截面沿着图1中的线A-A截取。
包装材料10包括芯材料层20、外层22和内层24，其中外层22和内层24在至少一个孔被切割之后被施加到芯材料层20的相对侧。因此，在转变之前，即在执行一个或多个层压过程以生产最终包装材料10之前，芯材料层20被提供有孔。优选冲压孔，孔可以以顺序模式形成在芯层幅材上或单独地在单个的坯件上。
施加到芯材料层20的一侧的外层22适于提供待生产的包装1的外表面，该外表面和外层22面向该包装的周围环境。内层24被施加到芯材料层20的另一侧，并且适于提供待生产的包装1的内表面，该内表面与容纳在包装1中的产品接触。
芯材料层20可以是用于为包装材料10提供刚性的片材，并且可以优选地由诸如纸板或硬纸板之类的材料制成。
外层22可以包括至少一个聚合物材料层，其在层压过程中被施加到芯材料层20。此外，构成外层22的层之一可以是构成要形成的包装1的外表面的装饰层。
印刷层可以被包括在芯材料层20上，与外层22相邻。
内层24可以包括至少一个聚合物材料层。如图2所示，第一和内层24a设置成面对将由包装1封装的产品。保护层24b可以存在于芯材料层20和内层24a之间。保护层24b可以是箔，例如金属箔，优选铝箔。保护层24b阻隔氧气和光线，以在环境温度下保持包装1内的食品的营养价值和风味。
另外，在保护层24b和芯材料层20之间可以存在层压层24c。层压层24c可以是至少一个聚合物材料层。
根据一个实施方式，预期用于成品包装1的内侧的与包装1中包含的产品接触的包装材料10的内层24从芯材料层20开始包括：层压层24c、保护层24b和密封层24a。层压层24c使得芯材料20能够粘附到所施加的任何保护层24b。密封层24a使得包装能够密封。
包装材料10的聚合物层22、24a、24c可以是任何合适类型的聚合物材料，优选塑料材料，如聚乙烯。
现在转到图3，包装1的上端3被进一步详细示出。应该注意的是，图3的上端3旨在表示在包装材料10中设置有预先层压的孔5的包装1的任何部分，使得以下描述也适用于图1中所示的包装以外的其他类型的包装1。这样的包装可以例如包括诸如Tetra之类的平行六面体包装、诸如Tetra之类的山墙形顶包装等。
预先层压的孔5通常布置在上端3的一个侧端和横向密封件14之间的某处，该横向密封件14可以居中定位跨越上端3。
在图3所示的上端3的密封和/或成形过程中，如上所述，包装材料10中可能出现褶皱W。测试表明，当出现褶皱时，褶皱存在于预先层压的孔5的边缘朝向横向密封件14延伸的区域A中。特别地，区域A从虚线X延伸大约±60°，所述虚线X表示预先层压的孔和横向密封件14之间的最短距离，如图3所示。这意味着在区域A外面基本上没有观察到褶皱。进一步观察到，随着预层压的孔5的直径增大，褶皱的问题变得更加显著。
在图4中示出避免形成褶皱的第一实施方式。本发明人已经惊奇地发现，通过提供与预先层压的孔5相邻的一个或多个特征30，在最终包装1的密封和/或形成期间出现的包装材料10中的压缩力将被更大程度地吸收，从而防止包装材料10中形成褶皱。
如图4中可以看到的，可以通过在预先层压的孔5的每一侧上在包装材料中提供两条对称线30a、30b来获得这种特征30。每条线30a、30b通过改变芯材料层20来实现，例如，通过压凸、压凹和/或压缩来实现，并且每条线30a、30b优选地至少沿着预先层压的孔5的整个直径D1沿着朝向横向密封件14的方向延伸。然而，在一些实施方式中，每条线30a、30b30b的长度可以小于预先层压的孔5的直径D1。
特别地，线30a、30b不与横向密封件14相交，而是与横向密封件14隔开一定距离。有利的是，在层压包装材料10之前提供线30a、30b，并且通过在每条线30a，30b的端部与横向密封件14的区域之间设有距离，包装材料10在横向密封件14处是光滑且均匀的，因此改善了密封件14的完整性。
每条线30a、30b的厚度D2可以在0.5-2mm的范围内，或略大于该范围。此外，预先层压的孔5与线30a，30b之间的最短距离D3应当优选地大于1.5mm，例如3mm。预先层压的孔的直径D1通常可以在4-10mm的范围内。
提供特征30的方法可以以不同的方式进行，如图5a和5b所示。如图5a所示，芯材料层20可以被处理成使得其原本(otherwise)平坦的形状被改变成对应于线30a、30b的形状的浮雕图案。这可以通过压凸或压凹来实现，具体取决于包装1的最终设计。对于压凸，包装材料10的外部突起(如图5a所示)，而压凹在包装材料10的外侧提供了凹陷的图案。
在图5b中，通过压缩芯材料层20形成特征30，然而使用平面砧座，从而防止图案在外侧突出。
在任何上述示例中，芯材料层20将在特征(一个或多个)30的区域处在一定程度上被压缩。对于图5b的示例，整个特征将是压缩图案。虽然图5a的特征30将在芯材料层的两侧上从最初平坦的形状形成偏转，但是芯材料层的压缩事实上将存在，因为外侧的形状与内侧的形状将不一致。
通常，包装材料10设置有一系列用于限定在包装1的成形和密封期间使用的折叠线的折痕线。有利地，特征30因此可以在相同的折痕过程中提供，因此消除了对分离的处理步骤的需要。
已经被证实减少预先层压的孔5周围的区域的褶皱问题的特征30的其它示例示于图6a-f中。在下文中讨论的每个特征30将在芯材料层中提供压缩并且可以形成为在内侧或外侧上的凹痕(即，纯压缩特征)，内侧上的凹痕和外侧上的凸台(即压凸特征)，或者内侧上的凸台和外侧上的凹痕(即压凹的特征)。每个特征30的厚度基本上类似于参照图4描述的厚度D2。
从图6a开始，包装材料10在预先层压的孔5附近设置有两个特征30。每个特征30形成为围绕并追踪预先层压的孔的周边的一部分的曲线30c、30d。每条线30c-d的曲率优选设计成使得线30c-d与预先层压的孔5的周边之间的距离是恒定的。每条线30c-d可以在30-150°的范围内延伸，并且线30c-d优选在两端彼此分开。
在图6b中示出了另一个示例。这里仅一个特征30形成围绕预先层压的孔5的圆形线30e。特征30e和预先层压的孔5之间的径向距离优选地选择为使得圆形线30e不与横向密封件14相交。
在图6c中，特征30被设置为布置在预先层压的孔5与横向密封件14之间的区域中的半圆形或弯曲的线30f。线30f可以在30-150°的范围内延伸，优选地围绕线X对称。
在图6d中示出了另一实施方式，其中特征30形成为从预先层压的孔5朝向横向密封件14延伸的直线30g。优选地，线30g与垂直线X重合。如上所述，线30g应当与横向密封件14隔开一小段距离。
图6e示出了另一示例。这里特征30被设置为两条间隔开的线30h-i，它们彼此成一定角度延伸。线30h-i相对于虚拟线X对称地布置，并且它们可以被布置为相对于虚拟线X覆盖大约±60°的角距离。对于图6d中示出的线30g，线30h-i被中断使得它们不与横向密封件14相交。
在图6f中，特征30形成为围绕预先层压的孔5的圆形线30j。与图6b中所示的特征30e相比，圆形线30j紧靠预先层压的孔布置。圆形线30j与许多优点相关联。例如，通过使用冲压设备可以确保线30j的完美居中以形成特征30。此外，由于芯材料层20的厚度将减小，特别是在通过压缩形成特征30j的情况下，包装材料在冲压孔上的层压将更容易。
现在转向图7a-c，将描述方法100，由此执行方法100以提供如上所述的包装材料10。根据图7a，方法100通过第一步骤102执行，其中芯材料层20至少设有一个孔。在随后的步骤104中，层压芯材料层20以形成具有预层压孔5的层压包装材料10。方法100还包括步骤106，其中至少一个压缩特征30被布置成邻近预先层压的孔5。
如图7b所示，可以在层压芯材料层20之前提供压缩特征30。
在图7c所示的甚至更优选的方法100中，提供压缩特征的步骤106在提供至少一个孔的步骤102以及层压芯材料层20的步骤104之前执行。
根据以上描述，虽然已经描述和示出了本发明的多种实施方式，但是本发明不限于此，而是还可以在所附权利要求限定的主题的范围内以其他方式来实施。

Claims (10)

1.一种包装材料，其包括具有芯材料层(20)并具有用于形成包装(1)的面的多个界定区域(11a-g)的层压件，其中至少一个界定区域(11g)被设置有至少一个预先层压的孔(5)和与所述预先层压的孔(5)相邻布置的至少一个压缩特征(30)，其中所述至少一个特征(30)包括沿着所述预先层压的孔(5)的所述周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线(30a-f，30j)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包装材料，其中，所述界定区域(11g)用于形成所述包装(1)的上端(3)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的包装材料，其中所述预先层压的孔(5)用于形成所述包装(1)的吸管孔。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的包装材料，其中，所述至少一个压缩特征(30)布置在离所述预先层压的孔(5)10mm以内，例如在0-6mm内。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的包装材料，其中，所述至少一个压缩特征(30)通过压凸、压凹或压缩形成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的包装材料，其中所述至少一条线(30a-b)是直的。
7.根据权利要求6所述的包装材料，其包括在所述预先层压的孔(5)的相对侧上延伸的两条直线(30a-b)。
8.根据权利要求5所述的包装材料，其中所述至少一条线(30c-f，30j)是弯曲的。
9.根据权利要求8所述的包装材料，其包括在所述预先层压的孔(5)的相对侧上延伸的两条曲线(30c-d)。
10.一种用于提供包装材料(10)的方法，其包括：
-提供具有至少一个孔的芯材料层(20)，
-层压所述芯材料层(20)以形成具有预先层压的孔(5)的层压包装材料(10)，以及
-在所述芯材料层(20)被设置有至少一个孔之前或之后，提供与所述预先层压的孔(5)相邻的至少一个压缩特征(30)，其中所述至少一个压缩特征(30)包括沿着所述预先层压的孔(5)的周边的至少一部分延伸的至少一条线(30a-f，30j)。
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