CN108450315A - A kind of nutrient solution and rapid propagation method of bryophyte - Google Patents
A kind of nutrient solution and rapid propagation method of bryophyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN108450315A CN108450315A CN201810184458.5A CN201810184458A CN108450315A CN 108450315 A CN108450315 A CN 108450315A CN 201810184458 A CN201810184458 A CN 201810184458A CN 108450315 A CN108450315 A CN 108450315A
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- mass parts
- bryophyte
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte and rapid propagation methods.This nutrient solution includes the water of the macroelement fertilizer of 15 mass parts, the plant hormone of 0.1 0.5 mass parts and 1000 mass parts, and macroelement fertilizer for bryophyte providing a great number of elements.The nutrition liquid energy breaking dormancy accelerates proliferation, shortens the breeding cycle, reaches quickly breeding purpose.Steps are as follows for this rapid propagation method：It takes the uniform spreading of the brood body of bryophyte in breeding device, cultivation matrix is laid in breeding device, is sprinkled profoundly water, spray nutritious liquor；Wait for that brood body grows to seedling, spray nutritious liquor simultaneously applies illumination；It waits for that seedling grows to seedling, sprays one time of nutrition liquid and apply illumination within every 15 30 days；Nutrient solution therein is the nutrient solution of bryophyte above-mentioned.This method step is simple, short at the blanket time, and at stable structure after blanket, skinning is strong, can avoid the waste of moss in the application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to greening field, the more particularly to nutrient solutions and rapid propagation method of a kind of bryophyte.
Background technology
Bryophyte is a kind of higher plant more original in evolution, and bryophyte is tiny, simple structure, in shape
State, size, color and luster, biotype, habitat etc. are obviously different from other higher plants.Bryophyte is slow-growing, to matrix
Few, light-weight, to nutrition the requirement of demand it is also low, it is few that more important is pest and disease damages, and Partial Species drought-resistant ability therein is again
Especially strong, the amplitude of preference temperature is big.In addition, the rhizoid of bryophyte can combine closely with matrix, it is less there are windburn and
Problem in lodging theoretically compares the vertical planting suitable for the environment such as roof, wall in city.
But moss modes of reproduction, source of nutrition, growth pattern, have itself to the adaptability etc. of environment the characteristics of,
In biotype with angiosperm very different.And the vertical planting of current existing further investigation and mature technology focuses mostly in quilt
In plant, especially crassulaceae plants.Therefore, the type for being suitable for urban three-dimensional green how is filtered out, it is numerous to establish scale
The method grown, it is the task of top priority to establish corresponding greening technique system.
During being afforested using bryophyte, common flow be by moss be made cushion tongue pad constantly it is coating,
It is fixed on roof, metope, road side, the river bank protection surface etc. of building.And manufacture tongue pad and need a large amount of moss, but it is real
Border situation is that moss grows extremely slowly in a natural environment, and the production technology of moss is not yet established.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide the quick of a kind of nutrient solution that can effectively facilitate moss growth and a kind of moss
Propagation method.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, includes the plant of the macroelement fertilizer of 1-5 mass parts, 0.1-0.5 mass parts
The water of hormone and 1000 mass parts, macroelement fertilizer for bryophyte providing a great number of elements.
Preferably, plant hormone is one or more of auxin or auxin analog.
Preferably, macroelement fertilizer includes calcium chloride, iron chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium nitrate, carbonic acid
At least one of hydrogen ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate.
Preferably, including the calcium chloride of 0.1-0.5 mass parts, the iron chloride of 0.05-0.1 mass parts, 0.08-0.2 mass
The magnesium sulfate of part, the phosphorus of the ammonium nitrate of 0.06-0.1 mass parts, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 0.05-0.1 mass parts, 0.06-0.3 mass parts
The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of acid dihydride potassium, the potassium nitrate of 0.4-1 mass parts, the phenoxyacetic acid of 0.1-0.3 mass parts, 0.2-0.4 mass parts
With the water of 1000 mass parts, which is Acrocarpous moss.
Preferably, including the iron chloride of 0.05-0.1 mass parts, the calcium nitrate of 0.8-2 mass parts, 0.1-0.5 mass parts
The biphosphate of magnesium sulfate, the zinc sulfate of 0.1-0.5 mass parts, the ammonium nitrate of 0.08-0.2 mass parts, 0.1-0.6 mass parts
Potassium, the potassium nitrate of 0.1-1 mass parts, the phenoxyacetic acid of 0.1-0.3 mass parts, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 0.2-0.4 mass parts and 1000
The water of mass parts, the bryophyte are Pleurocarpous mosses.
A kind of rapid propagation method of bryophyte, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it takes the uniform spreading of the brood body of bryophyte in breeding device, cultivation matrix is laid in breeding device, is irrigated
Water, spray nutritious liquor；
(2) wait for that brood body grows to seedling, spray nutritious liquor simultaneously applies illumination；
(3) wait for that seedling grows to seedling, it is every to spray within 15-30 days one time of nutrition liquid and apply illumination；
Nutrient solution in step (1)-(3) is the nutrient solution of bryophyte above-mentioned.
Preferably, the bryophyte in step (1) is Acrocarpous moss, and brood body is derived from budling or the plant division of Acrocarpous moss.
It is further preferred that cultivation matrix includes the peat soil, cultivation cloth and 0.2-0.5cm thickness of 1-2cm thickness from down to up
Peat soil.
Preferably, the bryophyte in step (1) is Pleurocarpous mosses, and brood body is derived from the disconnected stem of Pleurocarpous mosses.
It is further preferred that cultivation matrix includes the peat soil and cultivation cloth of 1-2cm thickness from down to up.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the nutrient solution in the present invention can break budling dormant cells, accelerate its cell division proliferation, and accelerate it
Sprout cell division proliferation on stem, greatly shortens the breeding cycle, reaches quickly breeding purpose.
2. the rapid propagation method step in the present invention is simple, at the moss stable structure after blanket, skinning is strong, can avoid
Moss in the application due to material is loose caused by waste.Meanwhile the growth cycle of the moss obtained via this method contracts significantly
It is short.
Specific implementation mode
The technique effect of design and the generation of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to embodiment, with
It is completely understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Embodiment 1
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte suitable for Acrocarpous moss, including following components：0.1g calcium chloride, 0.05g chlorine
Change iron, 0.2g magnesium sulfate, 0.06g ammonium nitrate, 0.1g ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.1g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4g potassium nitrate, 0.1g phenoxy groups
Acetic acid, 0.4g methyl α-naphthyl acetates and 1000g deionized waters.
Embodiment 2
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte suitable for Pleurocarpous mosses, including following components：0.05g iron chloride, 0.8g nitre
Sour calcium, 0.1g magnesium sulfate, 0.1g zinc nitrates, 0.08g ammonium nitrate, 0.1g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1g potassium nitrate, 0.3g phenoxy group second
Acid, 0.2g methyl α-naphthyl acetates and 1000g deionized waters.
Embodiment 3
Suitable for the rapid propagation method of Acrocarpous moss, Acrocarpous moss is erect type, and plant is grown thickly, and selects budling or divides
Based on strain breeding：The seedling for choosing good growth conditions, no disease and pests harm white hair moss or other Acrocarpous moss, its budling is peeled off,
It is detached from parent.Subsequent uniform broadcasting is irrigated, while spraying the nutrient solution in embodiment 1, the amount of spraying is in breeding device with water
100-150ml/m2.Had upwards by bottom in breeding device：The peat soil of 1-2cm thickness, the peat soil of cultivation cloth, 0.2-0.5cm thickness.
Setting cultivation cloth, can facilitate lifting in blocks in breeding device.
Seedling Stage is sparse due to planting, and cormus moisture loss needs the pouring that moisturizes than very fast, and spray is saturating every time
It is advisable, avoids dry；Nutrient solution sprays once for 15 days, every time the amount of spraying 100-150ml/m2；Illumination is controlled in 500-1000Lux.Deng
To after cultivating 1-2 months, closely, leaf water scatters and disappears relatively slow, accordingly reduces irrigation amount for gametophyte growth, squirt every time for
Preferably, avoid flood, mould is avoided to grow；Nutrient solution sprays once for 15-30 days, every time the amount of spraying 100-150ml/m2.Illumination control exists
1000-3000Lux.By cultivation in 4-6 months at blanket.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control during moss cultivation adheres to the principle of " putting prevention first and combining prevention with control ".The summer high temperature period,
It is at least sprayed 1 time within a month per 0.5-1, other time section, at least spraying 1 time within a month per 1-2 is prevented.Fungicide can be selected
Benzimidazole, organic sulfurcontaining fungicide, first frost hymexazol and/or triazolone etc.；Low toxicity is suited the remedy to the case during insecticide is selected, and is avoided
Use wide spectrum high poison insecticide.Since moss blade is mostly cell monolayer, to the susceptibility of pesticide than conventional quilt
Plant is high, therefore requires accordingly to reduce again on Pesticide use concentration by specification, big again after small area use is without burn seedlings phenomenon
Scale sprays.
Embodiment 4
Suitable for the rapid propagation method of Pleurocarpous mosses, Pleurocarpous mosses are type of crawling, and plant interweaves to be grown in flakes, is selected
Based on disconnected stem breeding：Robust growth, the big hypnum moss of no disease and pests harm or the seedling of other Pleurocarpous mosses are chosen, its top is sheared,
And 0.5-2cm thin segments are cut into, it is uniformly layered in breeding device, pressing lightly on makes it be close to plant base material, is then irrigated with water, simultaneously
The nutrient solution in embodiment 2 is sprayed, the amount of spraying is 100-150ml/m2.Had upwards by bottom in breeding device：The peat of 1-2cm thickness
Soil, cultivation cloth.
Seedling Stage is sparse due to planting, and cormus moisture loss needs the pouring that moisturizes than very fast, and spray is saturating every time
It is advisable, avoids dry；Nutrient solution sprays once for 15 days, every time the amount of spraying 100-150ml/m2；Illumination is controlled in 500-1000Lux.Deng
To after cultivating 1-2 months, closely, leaf water scatters and disappears relatively slow, accordingly reduces irrigation amount for gametophyte growth, squirt every time for
Preferably, avoid flood, mould is avoided to grow；Nutrient solution sprays once for 15-30 days, every time the amount of spraying 100-150ml/m2.Illumination control exists
1000-3000Lux.By cultivation in 3-4 months at blanket.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control during moss cultivation adheres to the principle of " putting prevention first and combining prevention with control ".The summer high temperature period,
It is at least sprayed 1 time within a month per 0.5-1, other time section, at least spraying 1 time within a month per 1-2 is prevented.Fungicide can be selected
Benzimidazole, organic sulfurcontaining fungicide, first frost hymexazol and/or triazolone etc.；Low toxicity is suited the remedy to the case during insecticide is selected, and is avoided
Use wide spectrum high poison insecticide.Since moss blade is mostly cell monolayer, to the susceptibility of pesticide than conventional quilt
Plant is high, therefore requires accordingly to reduce again on Pesticide use concentration by specification, big again after small area use is without burn seedlings phenomenon
Scale sprays.
Embodiment 5
It chooses white hair moss and big hypnum moss respectively to be cultivated according to method described in above-described embodiment 3 and 4, and with following two
A comparative example is compared.
Comparative example 1：
Choose that growth conditions are good, white hair moss of no disease and pests harm, all incubation steps and control condition are same as Example 3,
Only change the nutrient solution sprayed into deionized water.
Comparative example 2：
Choose that growth conditions are good, big hypnum moss of no disease and pests harm, all incubation steps and control condition are same as Example 4,
Only change the nutrient solution sprayed into deionized water.
White hair moss in comparative example 1 is after the cultivation by 2 months, only about 10% budling growth, and most of inclined
Huang only has 4g/m without growth, biomass (dry weight)2.White hair moss in embodiment 3 is raw in flakes after the cultivation by 2 months
White hair moss plant body is grown, coverage reaches 85%, and biomass (dry weight) is 290g/m2, ammonium nitrogen compares nitrate nitrogen in nutrient solution
Growth-promoting effect it is more preferable, according to coverage and the correction data of biomass it is found that being handled by nutrient solution, this method breeding
Moss grow fine, growth is rapid.
For big hypnum moss in comparative example 2 after the cultivation by 2 months, coverage reaches 45%, and biomass (dry weight) is
45g/m2.And the big hypnum moss in embodiment 4, after the cultivation by 2 months, coverage reaches 98%, and biomass (dry weight) is
180g/m2, the constituent reduction of calcium and nitrate nitrogen, growth-promoting effect slow down accordingly in nutrient solution, the facilitation of nitrate nitrogen
More preferably, according to coverage and the correction data of biomass it is found that being handled by nutrient solution, the moss growing way of this method breeding is good
Good, growth is rapid.
The contrast and experiment shows the nutrient solution in the present invention, can break budling dormant cells, accelerates its cell point
Proliferation is split, and accelerates the sprout cell division proliferation on stem, greatly shortens the breeding cycle, reaches quickly breeding purpose.This
Rapid propagation method step in invention is simple, stablizes at blanket moss, and skinning is strong, can avoid the material of moss in the application and dredges
Pine waste.The growth cycle that white hair moss at least needs 1 year or more in the wild, and pass through at artificial quick breeding method and nutrient solution
After reason, growth cycle is only 4-6 months.Bryophyte is combined into one with cultivation cloth, and skinning greatly reinforces, in application form
The upper scope of application is wider, moulding of being more convenient for.
Embodiment 6
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, including following components：0.21g calcium chloride, 0.1g iron chloride, 0.08g magnesium sulfate,
0.1g ammonium nitrate, 0.05g ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.06g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4g potassium nitrate, 0.2g phenoxyacetic acids, 0.3g methyl α-naphthyl acetates
With 1000g deionized waters.
Embodiment 7
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, including following components：0.31g calcium chloride, 0.05g iron chloride, 0.08g sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 0.05g ammonium nitrate, 0.05g ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.06g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4g potassium nitrate, 0.2g phenoxyacetic acids, 0.3g naphthalenes
Acetic acid and 1000g deionized waters.
Embodiment 8
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, including following components：0.1g calcium chloride, 0.05g iron chloride, 0.08g magnesium sulfate,
0.05g ammonium nitrate, 0.05g ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.3g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4g potassium nitrate, 0.2g phenoxyacetic acids, 0.3g methyl α-naphthyl acetates
With 1000g deionized waters.
Embodiment 9
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, including following components：0.1g iron chloride, 2g calcium nitrate, 0.5g magnesium sulfate, 0.5g
Zinc nitrate, 0.2g ammonium nitrate, 0.6g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 1g potassium nitrate, 0.1g phenoxyacetic acids, 0.4g methyl α-naphthyl acetates and 1000g are gone
Ionized water.
Embodiment 10
A kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, including following components：0.31g calcium chloride, 0.05g iron chloride, 0.08g sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 0.05g ammonium nitrate, 0.05g ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.06g potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.4g potassium nitrate, 0.2g 2,4 dichloro benzene oxygroup second
Acid, 0.3g methyl α-naphthyl acetates and 1000g deionized waters.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in all are answered
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of nutrient solution of bryophyte, which is characterized in that macroelement fertilizer, 0.1-0.5 mass including 1-5 mass parts
Part plant hormone and 1000 mass parts water, the macroelement fertilizer for bryophyte providing a great number of elements.
2. the nutrient solution of bryophyte according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant hormone is auxin or life
At least one of long element analog.
3. the nutrient solution of bryophyte according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the macroelement fertilizer includes chlorination
At least one of calcium, iron chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate.
4. the nutrient solution of bryophyte according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the chlorination of 0.1-0.5 mass parts
Calcium, the iron chloride of 0.05-0.1 mass parts, the magnesium sulfate of 0.08-0.2 mass parts, the ammonium nitrate of 0.06-0.1 mass parts, 0.05-
The ammonium hydrogen carbonate of 0.1 mass parts, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.06-0.3 mass parts, the potassium nitrate of 0.4-1 mass parts, 0.1-0.3 matter
The water of the phenoxyacetic acid of part, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate and 1000 mass parts of 0.2-0.4 mass parts is measured, the bryophyte is top capsule moss
Class.
5. the nutrient solution of bryophyte according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the chlorination of 0.05-0.1 mass parts
Iron, the calcium nitrate of 0.8-2 mass parts, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1-0.5 mass parts, the zinc sulfate of 0.1-0.5 mass parts, 0.08-0.2 matter
Measure the benzene of the ammonium nitrate of part, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1-0.6 mass parts, the potassium nitrate of 0.1-1 mass parts, 0.1-0.3 mass parts
The water of ethoxyacetic acid, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 0.2-0.4 mass parts and 1000 mass parts, the bryophyte are Pleurocarpous mosses.
6. a kind of rapid propagation method of bryophyte, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it takes the uniform spreading of the brood body of bryophyte in breeding device, is laid with cultivation matrix in the breeding device, irrigates
Water, spray nutritious liquor；
(2) wait for that the brood body grows to seedling, spray nutritious liquor simultaneously applies illumination；
(3) wait for that the seedling grows to seedling, it is every to spray within 15-30 days one time of nutrition liquid and apply illumination；
Nutrient solution described in step (1)-(3) is the nutrient solution of the bryophyte described in any one of claim 1-5.
7. the rapid propagation method of bryophyte according to claim 6, which is characterized in that moss described in step (1)
Plant is Acrocarpous moss, and the brood body is derived from budling or the plant division of the Acrocarpous moss.
8. the rapid propagation method of bryophyte according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the cultivation matrix is arrived by down
Include above the peat soil of 1-2cm thickness, cultivate the peat soil of cloth and 0.2-0.5cm thickness.
9. the rapid propagation method of bryophyte according to claim 6, which is characterized in that moss described in step (1)
Plant is Pleurocarpous mosses, and the brood body is derived from the disconnected stem of the Pleurocarpous mosses.
10. the rapid propagation method of bryophyte according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the cultivation matrix is under
To the upper peat soil including 1-2cm thickness and cultivation cloth.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793864A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Soilless cultivation method for mosses |
| CN115362778A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-22 | 云南大学 | Screening method and biological composition suitable for slope ecological improvement |
| CN116615998A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-22 | 中南林业科技大学 | Restoration method for karst solitary peak and hilly vegetation in stony desertification |
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| CN1805682A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2006-07-19 | 株式会社Hero | Method of producing young moss seedlings, method of producing moss mat and young moss seedlings |
| CN101268739A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2008-09-24 | 上海交通大学 | Desert muskeg and biological breadcrust quick proliferation method thereof |
| CN101406128A (en) * | 2008-05-18 | 2009-04-15 | 蔡奇英 | Artificial planting of sphagnum |
| CN105284569A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 宁书昌 | Gallnut moss stem cutting reproduction and flotation culture method |
| CN105475108A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-04-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Culture method of brachytheciaceae |
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| CN1805682A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2006-07-19 | 株式会社Hero | Method of producing young moss seedlings, method of producing moss mat and young moss seedlings |
| CN101268739A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2008-09-24 | 上海交通大学 | Desert muskeg and biological breadcrust quick proliferation method thereof |
| CN101406128A (en) * | 2008-05-18 | 2009-04-15 | 蔡奇英 | Artificial planting of sphagnum |
| CN105284569A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 宁书昌 | Gallnut moss stem cutting reproduction and flotation culture method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114793864A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Soilless cultivation method for mosses |
| CN115362778A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-22 | 云南大学 | Screening method and biological composition suitable for slope ecological improvement |
| CN115362778B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-07-14 | 云南大学 | Screening method and biological combination suitable for slope ecological improvement |
| CN116615998A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-22 | 中南林业科技大学 | Restoration method for karst solitary peak and hilly vegetation in stony desertification |
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Application publication date: 20180828 |