CN108425107A - 一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法 - Google Patents

一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法 Download PDF

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CN108425107A
CN108425107A CN201810255258.4A CN201810255258A CN108425107A CN 108425107 A CN108425107 A CN 108425107A CN 201810255258 A CN201810255258 A CN 201810255258A CN 108425107 A CN108425107 A CN 108425107A
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丁运生
汪逸航
何小通
杨公雯
李嘉晋
孙晓红
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • C23C18/02Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法,使用金属氢氧化物和有机胺制备复配中和剂,聚氨酯预聚体经中和成盐和乳化后得到水性聚氨酯乳液,乳液成膜固化后放置于海水中,涂膜表面能够诱导矿化出无机涂层。本发明制备工艺简单,生产和使用过程绿色无污染,涂层经过诱导矿化后,其表面硬度由2H提升至5H,耐海水腐蚀性能较矿化之前提升约10倍。

Description

一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合涂层,具体地说是一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法。本发明方法可提高水性聚氨酯涂层在海水中的耐腐蚀性能、硬度、耐磨损性能等。
背景技术
水性聚氨酯以水替代有机溶剂作为分散介质,除具有溶剂型聚氨酯优异性能外,而且耐油、耐低温、耐屈挠、耐化学品、安全可靠、施工过程不易燃易爆、无毒、无环境污染,现如今已经广泛应用于涂料、皮革、木材加工、建筑、造纸等行业。但是水性聚氨酯应用于海洋防腐等重防腐领域时,其性能仍存在严重的不足,通常要依赖于添加大量防腐蚀助剂和多次涂刷来解决这一问题,防腐蚀助剂的使用对人体和环境也存在一定的破坏作用,而多次涂刷让涂装工艺更加复杂。
发明内容
本发明为了避免上述现有技术所存在的不足之处,旨在提供一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法。本发明使用金属氢氧化物与有机胺复配成一种新的中和剂,使用其中和聚氨酯预聚体制备水性聚氨酯乳液,干燥固化后的涂层在海水中能够诱导矿化生成无机涂层,从而提升水性聚氨酯涂层的耐腐蚀性能、硬度、耐磨损性能。
本发明水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:将金属氢氧化物与有机胺混合获得复配中和剂;
步骤2:将步骤1获得的复配中和剂和去离子水加入聚氨酯预聚体中,中和乳化,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
步骤3:将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为18-22微米,放置于室温下干燥固化,形成水性聚氨酯涂层;
步骤4:将所得水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡3-6天,其表面即可诱导矿化获得无机涂层。
步骤1中,所述金属氢氧化物为氢氧化钙、氢氧化铁、氢氧化镁中的一种;所述有机胺为氨水、三乙胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺中的一种。
步骤1中,金属氢氧化物与有机胺的复配比例为:金属氢氧化物100质量份,有机胺10-50质量份。若为溶液如氨水,该质量份以溶质的质量计。
步骤1中,具体是将金属氢氧化物直接加入有机胺中混合分散,分散方法为冰浴、搅拌、超声中的一种或几种。
步骤2中,所述聚氨酯预聚体为使用二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、1,2-丙二醇-3-磺酸钠、1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸扩链的阴离子型聚氨酯预聚体中的一种或几种。
步骤2中,所述复配中和剂、去离子水和聚氨酯预聚体的质量比为3:57:40。
步骤2中,中和乳化的过程是首先加入复配中和剂室温中和,然后加入去离子水乳化。
步骤3中,干燥固化的时间为5-10小时。
本发明相对于现有技术的有益效果是:
1、提高涂层的耐腐蚀性能。表面矿化的涂层能够提高复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能;
2、提高涂层硬度。表面矿化的涂层能够提高复合涂层的硬度;
3、提高涂层的耐磨损性能。表面矿化的涂层具有优异的耐磨损性能。
附图说明
图1是实施例制备的PU1-PU4涂层的力学性能曲线。从图1中可以看出通过诱导矿化后的水性聚氨酯涂层拉伸强度最高达到了15.4MPa。
图2是实施例制备的PU1-PU4涂层的水接触角。从图2中可以看出通过诱导矿化后的水性聚氨酯涂层表面均呈现疏水状态。
图3是实施例制备的PU1-PU4矿化后得到的无机涂层的SEM图。从图3中可以看出通过诱导矿化后的水性聚氨酯涂层表面生成了致密的无机涂层。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步分析说明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1:
1、将100质量份的氢氧化钙加入50质量份三乙胺中,室温超声10分钟得到复配中和剂;
2、将步骤1获得的复配中和剂加入使用二羟甲基丙酸扩链的聚氨酯预聚体中,室温中和10分钟,然后加入适量去离子水乳化,其中复配中和剂与去离子水、聚氨酯预聚体的质量比:3:57:40,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
3、将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为20微米,放置于室温下干燥固化5天,形成水性聚氨酯涂层。
4、将水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡3天,其表面即可矿化出一层无机涂层。
本实施例中使用的基材为马口铁,制备得到的水性聚氨酯涂层(PU1)的相关性能见下表:
实施例2:
1、将100质量份的氢氧化镁加入60质量份三乙胺中,冰浴搅拌10分钟得到复配中和剂;
2、将步骤1获得的复配中和剂加入使用二羟甲基丁酸扩链的聚氨酯预聚体中,室温中和10分钟,然后加入适量去离子水乳化,其中复配中和剂与去离子水、聚氨酯预聚体的质量比:3:57:40,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
3、将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为20微米,放置于室温下干燥固化5天,形成水性聚氨酯涂层。
4、将水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡4天,其表面即可矿化出一层无机涂层。
本实施例中使用的基材为马口铁,制备得到的水性聚氨酯涂层(PU2)的相关性能见下表:
实施例3:
1、将100质量份的氢氧化钙加入70质量份氨水中,冰浴搅拌10分钟得到复配中和剂;
2、将步骤1获得的复配中和剂加入使用1,2-丙二醇-3-磺酸钠扩链的聚氨酯预聚体中,室温中和10分钟,然后加入适量去离子水乳化,其中复配中和剂与去离子水、聚氨酯预聚体的质量比:3:57:40,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
3、将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为20微米,放置于室温下干燥固化5天,形成水性聚氨酯涂层。
4、将水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡5天,其表面即可矿化出一层无机涂层。
本实施例中使用的基材为马口铁,制备得到的水性聚氨酯涂层(PU3)的相关性能见下表:
实施例4:
1、将100质量份的氢氧化镁加入50质量份三乙醇胺中,室温搅拌10分钟得到复配中和剂;
2、将步骤1获得的复配中和剂加入使用1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠扩链的聚氨酯预聚体中,室温中和10分钟,然后加入适量去离子水乳化,其中复配中和剂与去离子水、聚氨酯预聚体的质量比:3:57:40,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
3、将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为20微米,放置于室温下干燥固化5天,形成水性聚氨酯涂层。
4、将水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡6天,其表面即可矿化出一层无机涂层。
本实施例中使用的基材为马口铁,制备得到的水性聚氨酯涂层(PU4)的相关性能见下表:

Claims (7)

1.一种水性聚氨酯涂膜诱导矿化制备复合涂层的方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
步骤1:将金属氢氧化物与有机胺混合获得复配中和剂;
步骤2:将步骤1获得的复配中和剂和去离子水加入聚氨酯预聚体中,中和乳化,得到水性聚氨酯乳液;
步骤3:将步骤2所得水性聚氨酯乳液涂覆在基材表面,控制厚度为18-22微米,放置于室温下干燥固化,形成水性聚氨酯涂层;
步骤4:将所得水性聚氨酯涂层置于海水中浸泡3-6天,其表面即可诱导矿化获得无机涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤1中,所述金属氢氧化物为氢氧化钙、氢氧化铁、氢氧化镁中的一种;所述有机胺为氨水、三乙胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤1中,金属氢氧化物与有机胺的复配比例为:金属氢氧化物100质量份,有机胺10-50质量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤2中,所述聚氨酯预聚体为使用二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、1,2-丙二醇-3-磺酸钠、1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸扩链的阴离子型聚氨酯预聚体中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤2中,所述复配中和剂、去离子水和聚氨酯预聚体的质量比为3:57:40。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤2中,中和乳化的过程是首先加入复配中和剂室温中和,然后加入去离子水乳化。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤3中,干燥固化的时间为5-10小时。
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