CN108401817A - A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield - Google Patents
A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401817A CN108401817A CN201810250697.6A CN201810250697A CN108401817A CN 108401817 A CN108401817 A CN 108401817A CN 201810250697 A CN201810250697 A CN 201810250697A CN 108401817 A CN108401817 A CN 108401817A
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- rice
- stubble
- rape
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
Abstract
A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield, belong to rice stubble rape no-tillage direct seeding technique field, including preceding stubble rice using the narrow strain plantation of wide row, line-spacing is 25 30cm, the operation row of 40cm wide is stayed when being spaced 3 4m, while also as the gutter of rear stubble Rapeseed Field；When rice harvesting, rice stubble height is retained between 20 25cm, and straw is 1cm or so in rice field thickness, and more straw removes rice field；Rice stubble is carried out in non-tillage field in the ranks to plant, mu broadcasts 150 200 grams of rape seeds, and trench digging cleaning is carried out again when waiting the free time.The present invention improves rice stubble direct-sowing rape emergence rate and seedling, improves rape later stage ventilation and penetrating light ability；Enhance the freeze proof cold-proof of rice stubble direct-sowing rape；And make full use of stalk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice stubble rape no-tillage direct seeding techniques.
Background technology
With the quickening of Urbanization Construction paces, the between twenty and fifty a large amount of inflow cities and towns in rural area, rural labor resource is nervous, agricultural
Light and simple cultivation technique is increasingly favored by agriculture practitioner.Currently, rice stubble mouth no-tillage and direct-seeding rapeseed area is increasing.Rice
Crops for rotation rape is generally planted in riverine basin mid or late October, at this point, one is this period, the Yangtze river basin, rainwater is on the low side, soil
Soil moisture content is low, and river level is relatively low, and artificial water lift is difficult, and after rape live streaming, emergence rate is low, second is that stalk peasant household exists after rice harvesting
Field is burned, and destroys ecological environment.Therefore, it is low how to solve rape emergence rate, and reduces rice straw and burns problem, compels
The eyebrows and eyelashes.
Direct-sowing rape most distinct issues, first, emergence problem usually adds to solve the problems, such as the emergence of direct-sowing rape
Big application rate increases rapeseed cultivation cost indirectly.Second is that emergence is irregular, uneven, after direct-sowing rape artificial broadcast, due to sowing
It is irregular, be easy to be formed a piece of, broadcast leakage is more, and inadequate plus soil moisture in the soil amount, and rape is short of seedling, few seedling phenomenon is more, it is serious also
It will appear disconnected ridge.Third, direct-sowing rape freezing tolerance is poor, after the live streaming of rice stubble field non-ploughing rape, due to there was only 2 months growth periods before the winter,
Rape only has 3-4 piece leaves to after entering the winter, and freezing tolerance is weak, if there is cold current morning, rape freeze injury is impaired serious.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：A kind of raising rice stubble no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield are provided
Method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A method of no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield are improved, is included the following steps：
（1）Preceding stubble Rice Cropping：Preceding stubble rice uses the narrow strain planting patterns of wide row, line-spacing 25-30cm to be stayed when being spaced 3-4m
The operation row of 40cm wide, while also as the gutter of rear stubble Rapeseed Field；
（2）Rice stubble Bock Altitude：When rice harvesting, rice stubble height is retained between 20-25cm, and straw is 1cm in rice field thickness
Left and right, more straw remove rice field；
（3）Direct-sowing rape：Rice stubble is carried out in non-tillage field in the ranks to plant, mu broadcasts 150-200 grams of rape seed, carries out again when waiting the free time
Trench digging cleaning.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Rice stubble direct-sowing rape emergence rate and seedling are improved, sowing quantity is reduced, reduces cost；
Make the unordered plantation of rice stubble direct-sowing rape become orderly planting, improves rape later stage ventilation and penetrating light ability；Mitigate pest and disease damage hair
Raw degree.
Enhance the freeze proof cold-proof of rice stubble direct-sowing rape；
Increase yield, increases yield 5-10% than general no-tillage and direct-seeding rape.
Stalk is made full use of, the air pollution brought by crop straw burning is reduced.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A method of no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield are improved, is included the following steps：
（1）Preceding stubble Rice Cropping：Preceding stubble rice uses the narrow strain planting patterns of wide row, line-spacing 25-30cm to be stayed when being spaced 3-4m
The operation row of 40cm wide, while also as the gutter of rear stubble Rapeseed Field；
（2）Rice stubble Bock Altitude：When rice harvesting, rice stubble height is retained between 20-25cm, and straw is 1cm in rice field thickness
Left and right, more straw remove rice field；
（3）Direct-sowing rape：Rice stubble is carried out in non-tillage field in the ranks to plant, mu broadcasts 150-200 grams of rape seed, carries out again when waiting the free time
Trench digging cleaning.
The benefit of the present embodiment has：
Rice stubble direct-sowing rape emergence rate and seedling are improved, sowing quantity is reduced, reduces cost.Due to staying high stubble to plant, rice stubble is utilized
The moon cover, it is possible to reduce the evaporation of moisture content provides sufficient moisture content for rape emergence.Sowing quantity broadcasts 300-400 by pervious mu
Gram, it is reduced to mu and broadcasts 150-200 grams, the amount of broadcasting reduces half.It is investigated and is shown according to same kind emergence rate, stay the no-tillage oil of high stubble
Field of vegetables emergence rate 83.7%-92.3%, general non-tillage field rape emergence rate is 68.8%-79.6%, than not staying rice stubble field non-ploughing to improve
12.7% or more.
Make the unordered plantation of rice stubble direct-sowing rape become orderly planting, rape later stage ventilation and penetrating light ability is improved, due to rice stubble
Presence, rape live streaming after, rapeseed is directly planted between rice stubble null, can play the effect of drilling, be conducive to live streaming oil
Dish later stage ventilation and penetrating light ability, reduces the generation of disease.
The freeze proof cold-proof for enhancing rice stubble direct-sowing rape, after entering the winter, first, rice rice stubble rots completely not yet, it can be with
Rape is played and is blocked, second is that rape is directly emerged from straw gap, straw plays covering protection to the root of rape, improves oil
The cold-proof freezing tolerance of dish.
The stalk amount removed or burning amount for reducing rice stubble direct-sowing rape field, due to staying high stubble rice stub, straw when rice harves
Stalk amount is reduced, and removal part is less, and most of stalk stays in field.First, utilizing straw soil protection soil moisture content, improves rape and go out
Seedling rate can enhance the cold-proof freezing tolerance of rape when entering the winter second is that after rape is emerged from straw gap.Third, after the beginning of spring, it is rotten
Rotten straw can also provide part nutrient for rape, while inhibit the growth of part weeds, mitigate the harm of weeds.
2 rice stubble height of embodiment influences experiment
4 pieces of rice fields are chosen in Anhui Chizhou City Guichi District, are rice field A, rice field B, rice field C and rice field D, according to 1 step of embodiment（1）
The rice stubble height of stubble Rice Cropping before carrying out, rice field A is 7cm, and rice field B is 14cm, and rice field C is 21cm, and rice field D is the rice of 28cm
Stubble height, then in 4 pieces of rice fields according to 1 step 3 direct-sowing rape of embodiment.The emergence rate in each piece of rice field is counted respectively and enters the winter
Cold-resistant freezing tolerance after season.
According to test result show table 1, rice field A, tetra- kinds of rice field B, rice field C and rice field D heights for the stubble left direct-sowing rape field
Emergence rate relatively in, with the increase of the height for the stubble left, direct-sowing rape emergence rate is increasing, and wherein A emergence rates in rice field are significantly lower than
Seedling is broadcast live in its excess-three block rice field, then three kinds of rice field emergence rate difference unobvious, and stubble height is in two examinations of 14cm and processing C, D
It tests and compares, rape emergence early period is influenced less, but weakens to entering the cold-proof freezing tolerance of later stage in winter rape, while increasing straw
Amount removed.When height is more than 28cm, due to increasing the moon degree of covering, sunlight is blocked, in order to win honour for, growth of rape is very thin, rootstock
Attenuate, substance accumulation tails off, and weakens to the cold-proof freezing tolerance of rape, and later stage yield effect is big.
1 rice stubble height of table influences application form
| Processing | Emergence rate（%） | Straw amount removed（kg/hm2） | 30 days seedling age dry weights（Hundred plants of g/） | Freezing damage index | Yield（kg/hm2） |
| A-7cm | 74.6 | 5200 | 143.7 | 9.4 | 2233.5 |
| B-14cm | 84.6 | 3800 | 132.9 | 4.2 | 2307.0 |
| C-21cm | 84.9 | 2700 | 128.8 | 3.7 | 2440.5 |
| D-28cm | 85.1 | 2100 | 106.3 | 6.7 | 2185.5 |
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The present invention is not by above-mentioned reality
The limitation of example is applied, the above embodiments and description only illustrate the principle of the present invention, is not departing from spirit of that invention
Various changes and improvements may be made to the invention under the premise of range, these changes and improvements both fall within claimed invention
In the range of.The claimed scope of the invention is defined by appended claims and its equivalent.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Preceding stubble Rice Cropping：Preceding stubble rice uses the narrow strain planting patterns of wide row, line-spacing 25-30cm to be stayed when being spaced 3-4m
The operation row of 40cm wide, while also as the gutter of rear stubble Rapeseed Field；
（2）Rice stubble Bock Altitude：When rice harvesting, rice stubble height is retained between 20-25cm, and straw is 1cm in rice field thickness
Left and right, more straw remove rice field；
（3）Direct-sowing rape：Rice stubble is carried out in non-tillage field in the ranks to plant, mu broadcasts 150-200 grams of rape seed, carries out again when waiting the free time
Trench digging cleaning.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810250697.6A CN108401817A (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810250697.6A CN108401817A (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield |
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| CN108401817A true CN108401817A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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| CN201810250697.6A Pending CN108401817A (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112075304A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-15 | 四川科乐油菜研究开发有限公司 | No-tillage planting method for rape in rice field |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040144025A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2004-07-29 | Corinne Johnson Rutzke | Alteration of plant nitrate and oxalic acid concentration |
| CN1545843A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-11-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Rape-rice double cropping zero tillage direct-seeding cultivation technique |
| CN101543165A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-09-30 | 狄正兴 | Method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field |
| CN201674770U (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2010-12-22 | 华中农业大学 | Combined rape precision direct seeder |
-
2018
- 2018-03-26 CN CN201810250697.6A patent/CN108401817A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040144025A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2004-07-29 | Corinne Johnson Rutzke | Alteration of plant nitrate and oxalic acid concentration |
| CN1545843A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-11-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Rape-rice double cropping zero tillage direct-seeding cultivation technique |
| CN101543165A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-09-30 | 狄正兴 | Method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field |
| CN201674770U (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2010-12-22 | 华中农业大学 | Combined rape precision direct seeder |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴玉珍 等: "苏州市直播油菜机械化栽培技术", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
| 李俊 等: "栽培措施对冬油菜抗冻性和产量的影响", 《江苏农业科学》 * |
| 贾春梅: "油菜机械化生产技术推广应用初探", 《四川农业科技》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112075304A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-15 | 四川科乐油菜研究开发有限公司 | No-tillage planting method for rape in rice field |
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Application publication date: 20180817 |